NAME

       bcal - Perform storage conversions and calculations.

SYNOPSIS

       bcal [-c N] [-f FORMAT] [-s bytes] [-m] [-d] [-h]
            [expression] [N [unit]]

DESCRIPTION

       bcal  (Byte  CALculator)  is  a  command-line  utility to help with numerical calculations
       involving data storage units, addressing, base conversions etc.

       Features

         * evaluate arithmetic expressions involving storage units
         * convert to IEC/SI standard data storage units
         * show the address in bytes
         * evaluate arithmetic expression of storage units
         * show address as LBA:OFFSET
         * convert CHS to LBA and vice versa
         * show binary, decimal and hex representation of a number
         * custom sector size, max heads/cylinder and max sectors/track
         * minimal dependencies

       bcal follows Ubuntu's standard unit conversion and notation policy. Only 64-bit  operating
       systems are supported.

       Refer to: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UnitsPolicy

OPERATIONAL NOTES

       1.  Expression:  An  expression  must be within double quotes. Inner spaces are ignored. A
           storage unit can only be multiplied or divided  by  positive  integers.  Only  storage
           units can be used for addition and subtraction.

       2.  N   [unit]:   N   can   be  a  decimal  or  '0x'  prefixed  hex  value.  unit  can  be
           B/KiB/MiB/GiB/TiB/kB/MB/GB/TB following Ubuntu policy. Default  is  byte.  As  all  of
           these tokens are unique, unit is case-insensitive.

       3.  Only decimal is recognized in expressions. Decimal and hex numeric representations are
           recognized for unit conversions. Decimal, hex, binary and octal are recognized for all
           other operations.

       4.  Syntax: Prefix hex inputs with '0x', binary inputs with '0b', octal inputs with '00'.

       5.  No negative arguments allowed. Input limits are unsigned long long and double.

       6.  Fractional  bytes  do not exist, because they can't be addressed. bcal shows the floor
           value of non-integer bytes.

       7.  CHS and LBA syntax:
             - LBA: 'lLBA-MAX_HEAD-MAX_SECTOR'   [NOTE: LBA starts with 'l' (case ignored)]
             - CHS: 'cC-H-S-MAX_HEAD-MAX_SECTOR' [NOTE: CHS starts with 'c' (case ignored)]
             - Format conversion arguments must be hyphen separated.
             - Any unspecified value, including the one  preceding  the  first  '-'  to  the  one
           following the last '-', is considered '0' (zero).

       8.  Default values:
             - sector size: 0x200 (512)
             - max heads per cylinder: 0x10 (16)
             - max sectors per track: 0x3f (63)

OPTIONS

       -c=N   Show decimal, binary and hex representation of positive integer N.

       -f=FORMAT
              Convert  CHS to LBA or LBA to CHS. FORMAT is hyphen-separated representation of LBA
              or CHS.

              LBA: lLBA-MAX_HEAD-MAX_SECTOR (starts with 'l')
              CHS: cC-H-S-MAX_HEAD-MAX_SECTOR (starts with 'c')

              Omitted values, (other than MAX_HEAD and  MAX_SECTOR)  are  considered  0.  Default
              MAX_HEAD: 16, default MAX_SECTOR: 63.

       -s=bytes
              Sector size in bytes. Default value is 512.

       -m     Show minimal output (e.g. decimal bytes).

       -d     Enable debug information and logs.

       -h     Show program help and exit.

EXAMPLES

       1.  Evaluate arithmetic expression of storage units

              $ bcal "(5kb+2mb)/3"
              $ bcal "5 tb / 12"
              $ bcal "2.5mb*3"

       2.  Convert storage capacity to other units and get address, LBA.

              $ bcal 20140115 b
              $ bcal 0x1335053 B
              $ bcal 0xaabbcc kb
              $ bcal 0xdef Gib
              Note that the units are case-insensitive.

       3.  Convert storage capacity, set sector size to 4096 to calculate LBA.

              $ bcal 0xaabbcc kb -s 4096

       4.  Convert LBA to CHS.

              $ bcal -f l500
              $ bcal -f l0x600-18-0x7e
              $ bcal -f l0x300-0x12-0x7e

       5.  Convert CHS to LBA.

              $ bcal -f c10-10-10
              $ bcal -f c0x10-0x10-0x10
              $ bcal -f c0x10-10-2-0x12
              $ bcal -f c-10-2-0x12
              $ bcal -f c0x10-10--0x12

       6.  Show binary, decimal and hex representations of a number.

              $ bcal -c 20140115
              $ bcal -c 0b1001100110101000001010011
              $ bcal -c 0x1335053

AUTHORS

       Arun Prakash Jana <engineerarun@gmail.com>

HOME

       https://github.com/jarun/bcal

REPORTING BUGS

       https://github.com/jarun/bcal/issues

LICENSE

       Copyright © 2016-2017 Arun Prakash Jana <engineerarun@gmail.com>

       License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
       This  is  free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY,
       to the extent permitted by law.