Provided by: nut-server_2.7.4-5.1ubuntu2_amd64 bug

NAME

       nutdrv_qx - Driver for Q* protocol serial and USB based UPS equipment

NOTE

       This man page only documents the hardware-specific features of the nutdrv_qx driver. For
       information about the core driver, see nutupsdrv(8).

SUPPORTED HARDWARE

       The nutdrv_qx driver is known to work with various UPSes from Blazer, Energy Sistem,
       Fenton Technologies, General Electric, Mustek, Voltronic Power (rebranded by many, many -
       have I said many? - others.. Long story short: if your UPS came with a software called
       Viewpower, chances are high that it works with this driver with one of the voltronic*
       protocols or with the mecer one) and many others.

       The NUT compatibility table lists all the known supported models. Keep in mind, however,
       that other models not listed there may also be supported, but haven’t been tested.

       All devices with a serial interface and many with a USB interface are supported.

EXTRA ARGUMENTS

       You may need to override or provide defaults for some values, depending on the make and
       model of your UPS.

       The following are the ones that most likely will need changing (see ups.conf(5)):

       ondelay = value
           Time to wait before switching on the UPS (seconds). This value is truncated to units
           of 60 seconds.

           Note that a value below 3 minutes, may cause earlier firmware versions to not switch
           on automatically, so it defaults to 3 minutes (i.e. 180 seconds).

           This option provides a default value for ups.delay.start that will then be used by the
           driver in the automatic shutdown sequence (i.e. calling the driver with the -k option,
           calling upsdrvctl(8) with the shutdown option or when the FSD flag is set and
           upsmon(8) enters its shutdown sequence): however you can change this value ‘on the
           fly’ for the actual session, only for the use with instant commands, setting
           ups.delay.start with upsrw(8).

       offdelay = value
           Time to wait before shutting down the UPS (seconds). This value is truncated to units
           of 6 seconds (less than 60 seconds) or 60 seconds (more than 60 seconds). Defaults to
           30 seconds.

           This option provides a default value for ups.delay.shutdown that will then be used by
           the driver in the automatic shutdown sequence (i.e. calling the driver with the -k
           option, calling upsdrvctl(8) with the shutdown option or when the FSD flag is set and
           upsmon(8) enters its shutdown sequence): however you can change this value ‘on the
           fly’ for the actual session, only for the use with instant commands, setting
           ups.delay.shutdown with upsrw(8).

       stayoff
           If you set stayoff in ups.conf(5) when FSD arises the UPS will call a shutdown.stayoff
           shutting down after ups.delay.shutdown seconds and won’t return (see KNOWN PROBLEMS),
           otherwise (standard behaviour) the UPS will call shutdown.return shutting down after
           ups.delay.shutdown seconds and then turn on after ups.delay.start seconds (if mains
           meanwhile returned).

       protocol = string
           Skip autodetection of the protocol to use and only use the one specified. Supported
           values: bestups, mecer, megatec, megatec/old, mustek, q1, voltronic, voltronic-qs,
           voltronic-qs-hex and zinto.

           Note that if you end up using the q1 protocol, you may want to give a try to the
           mecer, megatec and zinto ones setting the novendor/norating flags (only one, or both).

       pollfreq = value
           Set polling frequency, in seconds, to reduce the data flow. Between two polling
           requests the driver will do ‘quick polls’ dealing just with ups.status. The default
           value is 30 (in seconds).

       If your UPS doesn’t report either battery.charge or battery.runtime you may want to add
       the following ones in order to have guesstimated values:

       default.battery.voltage.high = value
           Maximum battery voltage that is reached after about 12 to 24 hours charging. If you
           want the driver to report a guesstimated battery.charge, you need to specify this (see
           BATTERY CHARGE).

       default.battery.voltage.low = value
           Minimum battery voltage just before the UPS automatically shuts down. If you want the
           driver to report a guesstimated battery.charge, you need to specify this (see BATTERY
           CHARGE).

       default.battery.voltage.nominal = value, override.battery.voltage.nominal = value
           Some devices show a wrong nominal battery voltage (or none at all), so you may need to
           override or set a default value.

       override.battery.packs = value
           Some devices report a part of the total battery voltage. For instance, if
           battery.voltage.nominal is 24 V, but it reports a battery.voltage of around 2 V, the
           number of battery.packs to correct this reading would be 12. The driver will attempt
           to detect this automatically, but if this fails somehow, you may want to override this
           value.

       runtimecal = value,value,value,value
           Parameter used in the (optional) runtime estimation. This takes two runtimes at
           different loads. Typically, this uses the runtime at full load and the runtime at half
           load. For instance, if your UPS has a rated runtime of 240 seconds at full load and
           720 seconds at half load, you would enter

               runtimecal = 240,100,720,50

           The first load should always be higher than the second. If you have values available
           for loads other than 100 and 50 % respectively, you can use those too, but keep them
           spaced apart as far as reasonably possible. Just don’t get too close to no load
           (prediction of runtime depends more on idle load for the battery then).

       chargetime = value
           The time needed to fully recharge the battery after being fully discharged. If not
           specified, the driver defaults to 43200 seconds (12 hours). Only used if runtimecal is
           also specified.

       idleload = value
           Minimum battery load used by the driver to estimate the runtime. If not specified, the
           driver defaults to 10%. Only used if runtimecal is also specified.

   BESTUPS, MECER, MEGATAEC, MEGATEC/OLD, MUSTEK, Q1, VOLTRONIC-QS, VOLTRONIC-QS-HEX, ZINTO
       PROTOCOLS
       ignoresab
           Some UPSes incorrectly report the ‘Shutdown Active’ bit as always on, consequently
           making the driver believe the UPS is nearing a shutdown (and, as a result, ups.status
           always contains FSD... and you know what this means). Setting this flag will make the
           driver ignore the ‘Shutdown Active’ bit.

   MECER, MEGATAEC, MEGATEC/OLD, MUSTEK, ZINTO PROTOCOLS
       ondelay
           The acceptable range is 0..599940 seconds.

       offdelay
           The acceptable range is 12..600 seconds.

       norating
           Some UPSes will lock up if you attempt to read rating information from them. Setting
           this flag will make the driver skip this step.

       novendor
           Some UPSes will lock up if you attempt to read vendor information from them. Setting
           this flag will make the driver skip this step.

   BESTUPS PROTOCOL
       ondelay
           The acceptable range is 60..599940 seconds.

       offdelay
           The acceptable range is 12..5940 seconds.

       pins_shutdown_mode = value
           Set shutdown mode functionality of Pin 1 and Pin 7 on the UPS DB9 communication port
           (Per Best Power’s EPS-0059) to value [0..6].

   Q1 PROTOCOL
       ondelay
           The acceptable range is 0..599940 seconds.

       offdelay
           The acceptable range is 12..600 seconds.

   VOLTRONIC-QS, VOLTRONIC-QS-HEX PROTOCOLS
       ondelay
           The acceptable range is 60..599940 seconds.

       offdelay
           The acceptable range is 12..540 seconds.

   VOLTRONIC PROTOCOL
       The following options are supported only by the voltronic protocol. Not all of them are
       available on all the UPSes supported by this protocol.

       ondelay
           The acceptable range is 0..599940 seconds.

       offdelay
           The acceptable range is 12..5940 seconds.

       battery_number = value
           Set number of batteries that make a pack to value [1..9]. This setting will change the
           charge and runtime estimation reported by the UPS.

       output_phase_angle = value
           Changes output phase angle to the provided value [000, 120, 180, 240]°.

       UPS CAPABILITY SETTINGS
           reset_to_default
               Reset capability options and their voltage and frequency limits to safe default
               values. (Doable only when the UPS is in Standby Mode)

               Note that setting this option will reset also ups.start.auto, battery.protection,
               battery.energysave, ups.start.battery, outlet.0.switchable, input.transfer.high,
               input.transfer.low, input.frequency.high and input.frequency.low.

           These UPSes can be fine-tuned to suit your needs enabling or disabling the following
           options (the driver should tell you which one the UPS is capable of on startup: the
           settable ones will be reported either ar enabled or disabled in the logs):

           alarm_control = string
               Enable or disable alarm (BEEP!) [enabled/disabled]. Settable also ‘on the fly’
               with beeper.enable and beeper.disable instant commands.

           bypass_alarm = string
               Enable or disable alarm (BEEP!) at Bypass Mode [enabled/disabled].

           battery_alarm = string
               Enable or disable alarm (BEEP!) at Battery Mode [enabled/disabled].

           bypass_when_off = string
               Enable or disable bypass when the UPS is Off [enabled/disabled]. If enabled, AC
               will directly provide power to connected devices when the UPS is off.

           bypass_forbidding = string
               Enable or disable Bypass Forbidding [enabled/disabled]. If enabled, the UPS will
               not transfer to bypass mode under any condition.

           converter_mode = string
               Enable or disable Converter Mode [enabled/disabled]. When input frequency is
               within 40 Hz to 70 Hz, the UPS can be set at a constant output frequency, 50 Hz or
               60 Hz. The UPS will still charge battery under this mode.

           eco_mode = string
               Enable or disable ECO Mode [enabled/disabled]. When input voltage/frequency are
               within acceptable range, the UPS will bypass voltage to output for energy saving.
               PFC and INVERTER are still active at this mode. Settable also ‘on the fly’ with
               bypass.start and bypass.stop instant commands.

           advanced_eco_mode = string
               Enable or disable Advanced ECO Mode [enabled/disabled]. When input
               voltage/frequency are within acceptable range, the UPS will bypass voltage to
               output for energy saving. PFC and INVERTER are off at this mode.

           battery_open_status_check = string
               Enable or disable Battery Open Status Check [enabled/disabled]. If enabled, when
               the UPS is turned on, it will check if the battery is connected or not.

           site_fault_detection = string
               Enable or disable site fault detection [enabled/disabled]. If enabled, the UPS
               will beep when the input neutral and hot wires are reversed.

           constant_phase_angle = string
               Enable or disable Constant Phase Angle Function (output and input phase angles are
               not equal) [enabled/disabled].

           limited_runtime_on_battery = string
               Enable or disable limited runtime on battery mode [enabled/disabled].

       BYPASS MODE VOLTAGE/FREQUENCY LIMITS
           Variables to fine-tune voltage and frequency limits for Bypass mode. These limits are
           reset to safe default values by reset_to_default.

           If AC voltage and frequency are within acceptable range, Bypass mode will be used (If
           the UPS is capable of and it’s enabled).

           Since these values are device-specific, if your UPS support them, you will get their
           settable limits printed in the logs on startup.

           max_bypass_volt = value
               Maximum voltage for Bypass Mode (V).

           min_bypass_volt = value
               Minimum voltage for Bypass Mode (V).

           max_bypass_freq = value
               Maximum frequency for Bypass Mode (Hz).

           min_bypass_freq = value
               Minimum frequency for Bypass Mode (Hz).

       OPTIONS SPECIFIC FOR P31 UPSES
           The following options are available only on P31 UPSes.

           work_range_type = string
               Device grid working range for P31 UPSes [Appliance/UPS].

       TESTING
           This protocol comes with a couple of functions that are not enabled by default because
           of the lack of knowledge of some part of the communication protocol used by these
           UPSes by your friendly neighborhood developer. Since these functions are supposed to
           be queries to the UPS for some kind of informations, they should not make your UPS go
           boom. So if you are brave enough to risk your UPS and attached devices' life to help
           the developers, this will be very appreciated.. Do it at your own risk.

           testing
               If invoked the driver will exec also commands that still need testing.

   SERIAL INTERFACE ONLY
       cablepower = string
           By default the driver will set DTR and clear RTS (normal). If you find that your UPS
           isn’t detected or the communication with the UPS is unreliable, you may try if clear
           DTR and set RTS (reverse), set DTR and RTS (both) or clear DTR and RTS (none) improves
           this situation.

   USB INTERFACE ONLY
       port = string
           You must set value to auto.

       vendorid = regex, productid = regex, vendor = regex, product = regex, serial = regex
           Select a specific UPS, in case there is more than one connected via USB. Each option
           specifies an extended regular expression (see regex(7)) that must match the UPS’s
           entire vendor/product/serial string (minus any surrounding whitespace), or the whole
           4-digit hexadecimal code for vendorid and productid. Try -DD for finding out the
           strings to match.

           Examples:

           •   -x vendor="Foo.Corporation.*"

           •   -x vendorid=051d* (APC)

           •   -x product=".*(Smart|Back)-?UPS.*"

       bus = regex
           Select a UPS on a specific USB bus or group of busses. The argument is a regular
           expression that must match the bus name where the UPS is connected (e.g.  bus="002",
           bus="00[2-3]").

       subdriver = string
           Select a serial-over-USB subdriver to use. You have a choice between cypress, fabula,
           fuji, ippon, krauler, phoenix and sgs. When using this option, it is mandatory to also
           specify the vendorid and productid.

       langid_fix = value
           Apply the language ID workaround to the krauler subdriver. This is mandatory for some
           devices to work (LDLC, Dynamix and others). You must provide value (0x409 or 0x4095),
           according to your device entry in NUT hardware compatibility list (HCL).

       IMPLEMENTATION NOTES
           fabula subdriver
               This subdriver, meant to be used with the megatec protocol, does not support the
               various test.battery commands. Plus, the shutdown.return command ignores the
               values set in ups.delay.start/ondelay and makes the UPS turn on the load as soon
               as power is back.

           fuji subdriver
               This subdriver, meant to be used with the megatec protocol, does not support the
               shutdown.stayoff and load.off commands. Plus, the shutdown.return command ignores
               the values set in ups.delay.start/ondelay and makes the UPS turn on the load as
               soon as power is back.

           krauler subdriver
               This subdriver, meant to be used with the megatec protocol, does not support the
               shutdown commands, i.e.: shutdown.return, shutdown.stayoff and load.off.

UPS COMMANDS

       This driver supports some instant commands (see upscmd(8)):

       beeper.toggle
           Toggle the UPS beeper. (Not available on some hardware)

       load.on
           Turn on the load immediately. (Not available on some hardware)

       load.off
           Turn off the load immediately (see KNOWN PROBLEMS).

       shutdown.return
           Turn off the load and return when power is back. Uses the timers defined by
           ups.delay.start and ups.delay.shutdown.

       shutdown.stayoff
           Turn off the load and remain off (see KNOWN PROBLEMS). Uses the timer defined by
           ups.delay.shutdown.

       shutdown.stop
           Stop a shutdown in progress.

       test.battery.start.deep
           Perform a long battery test. (Not available on some hardware)

       test.battery.start.quick
           Perform a quick (10 second) battery test.

       test.battery.stop
           Stop a running battery test. (Not available on some hardware)

   BESTUPS, MECER, MEGATEC, MEGATEC/OLD, MUSTEK, Q1, ZINTO PROTOCOLS
       test.battery.start value
           Perform a battery test for the duration of value seconds (truncated to 60 seconds)
           [60..5940].

       VOLTRONIC POWER P98 UNITS (WITH MECER PROTOCOL)
           test.battery.start value
               Perform a battery test for the duration of value seconds (truncated to 60 seconds)
               [12..5940]. This value is truncated to units of 6 seconds (less than 60 seconds)
               or 60 seconds (more than 60 seconds).

   VOLTRONIC PROTOCOL
       The following instant commands are available for the voltronic protocol. Not all of them
       are available on all the UPSes supported by this protocol.

       beeper.enable
           Enable the UPS beeper.

       beeper.disable
           Disable the UPS beeper.

       test.battery.start value
           Perform a battery test for the duration of value seconds [12..5940]. This value is
           truncated to units of 6 seconds (less than 60 seconds) or 60 seconds (more than 60
           seconds).

       outlet.1.load.off
           Turn off outlet 1 load immediately.

       outlet.1.load.on
           Turn on outlet 1 load immediately.

       outlet.2.load.off
           Turn off outlet 2 load immediately.

       outlet.2.load.on
           Turn on outlet 2 load immediately.

       outlet.3.load.off
           Turn off outlet 3 load immediately.

       outlet.3.load.on
           Turn on outlet 3 load immediately.

       outlet.4.load.off
           Turn off outlet 4 load immediately.

       outlet.4.load.on
           Turn on outlet 4 load immediately.

       bypass.start
           Put the UPS in ECO Mode.

       bypass.stop
           Take the UPS out of ECO Mode.

BATTERY CHARGE

       Due to popular demand, this driver will report a guesstimated battery.charge and
       optionally battery.runtime, provided you specified a couple of the EXTRA ARGUMENTS listed
       above.

       If you specify both battery.voltage.high and battery.voltage.low in ups.conf(5), but don’t
       enter runtimecal, it will guesstimate the state of charge by looking at the battery
       voltage alone. This is not reliable under load, as this only gives reasonably accurate
       readings if you disconnect the load, let the battery rest for a couple of minutes and then
       measure the open cell voltage. This just isn’t practical if the power went out and the UPS
       is providing power for your systems.

                                battery.voltage - battery.voltage.low
           battery.charge =  ------------------------------------------ x 100 %
                             battery.voltage.high - battery.voltage.low

       There is a way to get better readings without disconnecting the load but this requires one
       to keep track on how much (and how fast) current is going in and out of the battery. If
       you specified the runtimecal, the driver will attempt to do this. Note however, that this
       heavily relies on the values you enter and that the UPS must be able to report the load as
       well. There are quite a couple of devices that report 0 % (or any other fixed value) at
       all times, in which case this obviously doesn’t work.

       The driver also has no way of determining the degradation of the battery capacity over
       time, so you’ll have to deal with this yourself (by adjusting the values in runtimecal).
       Also note that the driver guesses the initial state of charge based on the battery
       voltage, so this may be less than 100 %, even when you are certain that they are full.
       There is just no way to reliably measure this between 0 and 100 % full charge.

       This is better than nothing (but not by much). If any of the above calculations is giving
       you incorrect readings, you are the one that put in the values in ups.conf(5), so don’t
       complain with the author. If you need something better, buy a UPS that reports
       battery.charge and battery.runtime all by itself without the help of a NUT driver.

NOTES FOR THE PREVIOUS USER OF MEGATEC DRIVERS

       The nutdrv_qx driver having replaced the megatec ones, some configuration changes may be
       required by users switching to nutdrv_qx.

       Part of this, the following megatec options, in ups.conf(5), have to be changed:

       battvolts
           You need to use default.battery.voltage.high and default.battery.voltage.low

       dtr and rts
           You need to use cablepower

       ignoreoff
           This parameter can simply be discarded, since it was a wrong understanding of the
           specification.

NOTES FOR THE PREVIOUS USER OF BLAZER DRIVERS

       The nutdrv_qx driver having replaced the blazer ones, some configuration changes may be
       required by users switching to nutdrv_qx.

       Part of this, the following blazer options, in ups.conf(5), have to be changed:

       ondelay
           While the previous blazer drivers expected minutes, the new nutdrv_qx driver wants
           seconds.

       The following instant command has also been changed:

       test.battery.start value
           While the old blazer drivers expected a value in minutes, the nutdrv_qx driver wants a
           value in seconds.

NOTES FOR THE PREVIOUS USER OF BESTUPS DRIVER

       The nutdrv_qx driver having replaced the bestups one, some configuration changes may be
       required by users switching to nutdrv_qx.

       Part of this, the following bestups options, in ups.conf(5), are no longer supported by
       this driver:

       nombattvolt, battvoltmult
           See BATTERY CHARGE.

       ID
           Discarded.

NOTES FOR THE PREVIOUS USER OF VOLTRONIC DRIVERS

       The nutdrv_qx driver having replaced the voltronic ones, some configuration changes may be
       required by users switching to nutdrv_qx.

       Part of this, the following voltronic options, in ups.conf(5), have to be changed:

       ondelay
           While the previous voltronic drivers expected minutes, the new nutdrv_qx driver wants
           seconds. It no longer defaults to 0 minutes but to 3 minutes (i.e. 180 seconds) for
           compatibility with the users switching from the old blazer drivers.

       battnumb
           This option has been renamed to battery_number.

       The following options are no longer supported by this driver, you can now change them more
       conveniently ‘on the fly’ calling upsrw(8) with the appropriate NUT variable - provided
       that your UPS supports them.

       battpacksbattery.packs

                            Set number of battery packs in
                            parallel [1..99]. This setting
                            will change the charge and
                            runtime estimation reported by
                            the UPS.

       battlowbattery.voltage.low

                            Set minimum battery voltage just
                            before the UPS automatically
                            shuts down. This setting will
                            change the charge and runtime
                            estimation reported by the UPS.

       auto_rebootups.start.auto

                            Enable or disable auto reboot
                            [enabled/disabled]. If enabled,
                            the UPS will auto recover when
                            AC power returns.

       battery_protectionbattery.protection

                            Enable or disable battery deep
                            discharge protection
                            [enabled/disabled].

       energy_savingbattery.energysave

                            Enable or disable Green power
                            function [enabled/disabled]. If
                            enabled, for energy saving, the
                            UPS will auto off when there is
                            no load.

       cold_startups.start.battery

                            Enable or disable Cold Start
                            [enabled/disabled]. If enabled,
                            the UPS can be turned on also if
                            AC is not connected to the UPS.

       outlet_controloutlet.0.switchable

                            Enable or disable programmable
                            outlets control at battery mode
                            [enabled/disabled]. If enabled,
                            the UPS will cut off
                            programmable outlets after
                            backup time (set through
                            outlet.{1,2,3,4}.delay.shutdown)
                            arrives. If disabled, the UPS
                            will provide continuous power to
                            programmable outlets until the
                            battery is running out.

       max_eco_voltinput.transfer.high

                            Maximum voltage for ECO Mode
                            (V). If AC voltage is within
                            acceptable range, ECO mode will
                            be used (If the UPS is capable
                            of and it’s enabled).

       min_eco_voltinput.transfer.low

                            Minimum voltage for ECO Mode
                            (V). If AC voltage is within
                            acceptable range, ECO mode will
                            be used (If the UPS is capable
                            of and it’s enabled).

       max_eco_freqinput.frequency.high

                            Maximum frequency for ECO Mode
                            (Hz). If AC frequency is within
                            acceptable range, ECO mode will
                            be used (If the UPS is capable
                            of and it’s enabled).

       min_eco_freqinput.frequency.low

                            Minimum frequency for ECO Mode
                            (Hz). If AC frequency is within
                            acceptable range, ECO mode will
                            be used (If the UPS is capable
                            of and it’s enabled).

       outlet1_delayoutlet.1.delay.shutdown

                            Delay time before programmable
                            outlet 1 shuts down the load
                            when on battery mode [0..59940]
                            (seconds).

       outlet2_delayoutlet.2.delay.shutdown

                            Delay time before programmable
                            outlet 2 shuts down the load
                            when on battery mode [0..59940]
                            (seconds).

       outlet3_delayoutlet.3.delay.shutdown

                            Delay time before programmable
                            outlet 3 shuts down the load
                            when on battery mode [0..59940]
                            (seconds).

       outlet4_delayoutlet.4.delay.shutdown

                            Delay time before programmable
                            outlet 4 shuts down the load
                            when on battery mode [0..59940]
                            (seconds).

       batt_typebattery.type

                            Battery type (for P31 UPSes
                            only) [Li/Flooded/AGM].

KNOWN PROBLEMS

       Some UPS commands aren’t supported by all models. In most cases, the driver will send a
       message to the system log when the user tries to execute an unsupported command.
       Unfortunately, some models don’t even provide a way for the driver to check for this, so
       the unsupported commands will silently fail.

       Both the load.off and shutdown.stayoff instant commands are meant to turn the load off
       indefinitely. However, some UPS models don’t allow this.

       Some models report a bogus value for the beeper status (will always be enabled or
       disabled). So, the beeper.toggle command may appear to have no effect in the status
       reported by the driver when, in fact, it is working fine.

       The temperature and load value is known to be bogus in some models.

   VOLTRONIC-QS UNITS
       Both load.off and shutdown.stayoff instant commands are known to work as expected (i.e.
       turn the load off indefinitely) only if mains is present, otherwise, as soon as mains
       returns the load will be powered.

       After issuing a shutdown.return instant command, the UPS won’t wait ondelay before
       powering on the load, provided the following conditions are met:

       •   if the load has been previously (no matter how long before) powered off through
           load.off/shutdown.stayoffand powered on through load.on/shutdown.stopand

       •   if AC wasn’t cut after issuing the load.off/shutdown.stayoff (i.e. the UPS didn’t turn
           itself off) and

       •   if there’s a power outage after issuing the shutdown.return command

       In this case, as soon as mains returns the load will be powered.

   VOLTRONIC-QS-HEX UNITS
       shutdown.return, load.off, and shutdown.stayoff instant commands are known to work as
       expected only if mains is present, otherwise, as soon as mains returns the load will be
       powered.

UPS WARNINGS (VOLTRONIC PROTOCOL)

       The UPSes supported by voltronic protocol report warnings through a 64bit flag
       (bit1bit2...bit63bit64) where 1 means that a warning arose, while 0 means no warning.
       Since more than one warning at a time can be signaled, and because of the limited space in
       the ups.alarm variable, if the length of the warnings exceeds that of ups.alarms variable,
       they will be reported as bits. If you want to know the explanation of that bit you can
       either watch the log or see the next table (unlisted bits equal to unknown warnings).

       Table 1. UPS Warnings for voltronic UPSes
       ┌───┬──────────────────────────────────┐
       │ #Corresponding Warning            │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │ 1 │ Battery disconnected             │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │ 2 │ Neutral not connected            │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │ 3 │ Site fault                       │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │ 4 │ Phase sequence incorrect         │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │ 5 │ Phase sequence incorrect in      │
       │   │ bypass                           │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │ 6 │ Input frequency unstable in      │
       │   │ bypass                           │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │ 7 │ Battery overcharged              │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │ 8 │ Low battery                      │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │ 9 │ Overload alarm                   │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │10 │ Fan alarm                        │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │11 │ EPO enabled                      │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │12 │ Unable to turn on UPS            │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │13 │ Over temperature alarm           │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │14 │ Charger alarm                    │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │15 │ Remote auto shutdown             │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │16 │ L1 input fuse not working        │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │17 │ L2 input fuse not working        │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │18 │ L3 input fuse not working        │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │19 │ Positive PFC abnormal in L1      │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │20 │ Negative PFC abnormal in L1      │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │21 │ Positive PFC abnormal in L2      │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │22 │ Negative PFC abnormal in L2      │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │23 │ Positive PFC abnormal in L3      │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │24 │ Negative PFC abnormal in L3      │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │25 │ Abnormal in CAN-bus              │
       │   │ communication                    │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │26 │ Abnormal in synchronous signal   │
       │   │ circuit                          │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │27 │ Abnormal in synchronous pulse    │
       │   │ signal circuit                   │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │28 │ Abnormal in host signal circuit  │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │29 │ Male connector of parallel cable │
       │   │ not connected well               │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │30 │ Female connector of parallel     │
       │   │ cable not connected well         │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │31 │ Parallel cable not connected     │
       │   │ well                             │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │32 │ Battery connection not           │
       │   │ consistent in parallel systems   │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │33 │ AC connection not consistent in  │
       │   │ parallel systems                 │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │34 │ Bypass connection not consistent │
       │   │ in parallel systems              │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │35 │ UPS model types not consistent   │
       │   │ in parallel systems              │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │36 │ Capacity of UPSs not consistent  │
       │   │ in parallel systems              │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │37 │ Auto restart setting not         │
       │   │ consistent in parallel systems   │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │38 │ Battery cell over charge         │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │39 │ Battery protection setting not   │
       │   │ consistent in parallel systems   │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │40 │ Battery detection setting not    │
       │   │ consistent in parallel systems   │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │41 │ Bypass not allowed setting not   │
       │   │ consistent in parallel systems   │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │42 │ Converter setting not consistent │
       │   │ in parallel systems              │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │43 │ High loss point for frequency in │
       │   │ bypass mode not consistent in    │
       │   │ parallel systems                 │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │44 │ Low loss point for frequency in  │
       │   │ bypass mode not consistent in    │
       │   │ parallel systems                 │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │45 │ High loss point for voltage in   │
       │   │ bypass mode not consistent in    │
       │   │ parallel systems                 │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │46 │ Low loss point for voltage in    │
       │   │ bypass mode not consistent in    │
       │   │ parallel systems                 │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │47 │ High loss point for frequency in │
       │   │ AC mode not consistent in        │
       │   │ parallel systems                 │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │48 │ Low loss point for frequency in  │
       │   │ AC mode not consistent in        │
       │   │ parallel systems                 │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │49 │ High loss point for voltage in   │
       │   │ AC mode not consistent in        │
       │   │ parallel systems                 │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │50 │ Low loss point for voltage in AC │
       │   │ mode not consistent in parallel  │
       │   │ systems                          │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │51 │ Warning for locking in bypass    │
       │   │ mode after 3 consecutive         │
       │   │ overloads within 30 min          │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │52 │ Warning for three-phase AC input │
       │   │ current unbalance                │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │53 │ Warning for a three-phase input  │
       │   │ current unbalance detected in    │
       │   │ battery mode                     │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │54 │ Warning for Inverter             │
       │   │ inter-current unbalance          │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │55 │ Programmable outlets cut off     │
       │   │ pre-alarm                        │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │56 │ Warning for Battery replace      │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │57 │ Abnormal warning on input phase  │
       │   │ angle                            │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │58 │ Warning!! Cover of maintain      │
       │   │ switch is open                   │
       ├───┼──────────────────────────────────┤
       │   │                                  │
       │62 │ EEPROM operation error           │
       └───┴──────────────────────────────────┘

AUTHORS

       Daniele Pezzini <hyouko@gmail.com>, Arnaud Quette <arnaud.quette@gmail.com>, John Stamp
       <kinsayder@hotmail.com>, Peter Selinger <selinger@users.sourceforge.net>, Arjen de Korte
       <adkorte-guest@alioth.debian.org>, Alexander Gordeev <lasaine@lvk.cs.msu.su>

SEE ALSO

       blazer_ser(8), blazer_usb(8), nutupsdrv(8), ups.conf(5), upsc(8), upscmd(8), upsdrvctl(8),
       upsmon(8), upsrw(8)

   Internet Resources:
       The NUT (Network UPS Tools) home page: http://www.networkupstools.org/

       The NUT HCL: http://www.networkupstools.org/stable-hcl.html