Provided by: owserver_3.1p5-2_amd64 bug

NAME

       owserver - Backend server (daemon) for 1-wire control

SYNOPSIS

       owserver [ -c config ] -d serialport | -u | -s [host:]port -p tcp-port

DESCRIPTION

   1-Wire
       1-wire  is  a  wiring  protocol  and series of devices designed and manufactured by Dallas
       Semiconductor, Inc. The bus is a low-power low-speed low-connector scheme where  the  data
       line can also provide power.

       Each  device  is  uniquely  and  unalterably numbered during manufacture. There are a wide
       variety of devices, including memory, sensors (humidity,  temperature,  voltage,  contact,
       current),  switches,  timers  and  data  loggers.  More complex devices (like thermocouple
       sensors) can be built with these basic devices. There are also 1-wire  devices  that  have
       encryption included.

       The  1-wire  scheme uses a single bus master and multiple slaves on the same wire. The bus
       master initiates  all  communication.  The  slaves  can  be  individually  discovered  and
       addressed using their unique ID.

       Bus  masters  come in a variety of configurations including serial, parallel, i2c, network
       or USB adapters.

   OWFS design
       OWFS is a suite of programs that designed to make the 1-wire bus and  its  devices  easily
       accessible. The underlying principle is to create a virtual filesystem, with the unique ID
       being the directory, and the individual properties of the device are represented as simple
       files that can be read and written.

       Details of the individual slave or master design are hidden behind a consistent interface.
       The goal is to provide an easy set of tools for a software designer to  create  monitoring
       or  control  applications.  There are some performance enhancements in the implementation,
       including data caching,  parallel  access  to  bus  masters,  and  aggregation  of  device
       communication.  Still  the  fundemental  goal  has  been  ease  of  use,  flexibility  and
       correctness rather than speed.

   owserver
       owserver (1) is the backend component of the OWFS 1-wire bus control system.  owserver (1)
       arbitrates  access  to the bus from multiple client processes. The physical bus is usually
       connected to a serial or USB port, and  other  processes  connect  to  owserver  (1)  over
       network sockets (tcp port). Communication can be local or over a network. Secure tunneling
       can be implemented using standard techniques.

       Frontend clients include a filesystem representation: owfs (1) , and a webserver:  owhttpd
       (1).   Direct language bindings are also available, e.g: owperl (3).  Several instances of
       each client can be initiated.

       Each client can also connect directly to the physical bus, skipping owserver (1) but  only
       one client can connect to the physical bus safely. Simultaneous access is prevented by the
       operating system for USB ports, but unfortunately not serial ports. The safe way to  share
       access  to  the 1-wire bus is via owserver (1) with the clients connecting. Note: owserver
       (1) can connect to another owserver (1) process, though the utility of this  technique  is
       limited (perhaps as a readonly buffer?)

       owserver  (1)  is  by  default  multithreaded. Optional data caching is in the server, not
       clients, so all the clients gain efficiency.

Device Options (1-wire Bus Master)

       These options specify the device (bus master) connecting the computer to the  1-wire  bus.
       The  1-wire  slaves are connected to the 1-wire bus, and the bus master connects to a port
       on the computer and controls the 1-wire bus. The bus master is either an  actual  physical
       device, the kernel w1 module, or an owserver (1).

       At  least  one device option is required. There is no default. More than one device can be
       listed,  and  all  will  be  used.  (A  logical  union  unless  you  explore  the  /bus.n/
       directories.)

       Linux  and  BSD  enforce  a security policy restricting access to hardware ports. You must
       have sufficient rights to access the given port or access will silently fail.

* Serial devices

       port specifies a serial port, e.g.  /dev/ttyS0

       If OWFS was built with libftdi support, you may be able to use the ftdi: prefix to address
       a FTDI-based USB device.
       For details, see the FTDI ADDRESSING section.

       -d port | --device=port (DS2480B)
              DS2480B-based  bus  master (like the DS9097U or the LINK in emulation mode). If the
              adapter doesn't respond, a passive type (DS9907E or diode/resistor) circuit will be
              assumed.

       --serial_flextime | --serial_regulartime (DS2480B)
              Changes details of bus timing (see DS2480B datasheet). Some devices, like the Swart
              LCD cannot work with flextime.

       --baud=1200|9600|19200|38400|57600|115200 (DS2480B,LINK,HA5)
              Sets the initial serial port communication speed  for  all  bus  masters.  Not  all
              serial  devices  support all speeds. You can change the individual bus master speed
              for the LINK and DS2880B in the interface/settings directory. The HA5 speed is  set
              in hardware, so the command line buad rate should match that rate.
              Usually  the  default  settings (9600 for LINK and DS2480B ) and 115200 for the HA5
              are sane and shouldn't be changed.

       --straight_polarity  | --reverse_polarity (DS2480B)
              Reverse polarity of the DS2480B output transistors? Not needed for the DS9097U, but
              required for some other designs.

       --link=port (LINK)
              iButtonLink  LINK  adapter  (all  versions)  in  non-emulation  mode. Uses an ascii
              protocol over serial.
              This supports the simplified ftdi:<serial> addressing scheme.

       --ha7e=port (HA7E)
              Embedded Data Systems HA7E adapter ( and HA7S ) in native ascii mode.

       --ha5=port | --ha5=port:a | --ha5=port:acg (HA5)
              Embedded Data Systems HA5 mutidrop adapter in native ascii mode. Up to 26  adapters
              can  share the same port, each with an assigned letter. If no letter specified, the
              program will scan for the first response (which may be slow).

       --checksum | --no_checksum (HA5)
              Turn on (default) or off the checksum feature of the HA5 communication.

       --passive=port | --ha2=port | --ha3=port | --ha4b=port (Passive)
              Passive 1-wire adapters. Powered off the serial port and using  passive  electrical
              components (resitors and diodes).

       --8bit | --6bit (Passive)
              Synthesize the 1-wire waveforme using a 6-bit (default) serial word, or 8-bit word.
              Not all UART devices support 6 bit operation.

       --timeout_serial=5
              Timeout (in seconds) for all  serial  communications.  5  second  default.  Can  be
              altered dynamically under /settings/timeout/serial

* USB devices

       The  only  supported true USB bus masters are based on the DS2490 chip. The most common is
       the DS9490R which has an included 1-wire ID slave with family code 81.

       There are also bus masters based on the serial chip with a USB to serial conversion  built
       in. These are supported by the serial bus master protocol.

       -u | --usb
              DS2490 based bus master (like the DS9490R).

       -u2 | --usb=2
              Use  the  second  USB  bus master. (The order isn't predicatble, however, since the
              operating system does not conssitently order USB devices).

       -uall | --usb=ALL
              Use all the USB devices.

       --usb_flextime | --usb_regulartime
              Changes the details of 1-wire waveform timing for certain network configurations.

       --altusb
              Willy Robion's alternative USB timing.

       --timeout_usb=5
              Timeout for USB communications. This has a 5 second  default  and  can  be  changed
              dynamically under /settings/timeout/usb

* I2C devices

       I2C  is  2 wire protocol used for chip-to-chip communication. The bus masters: DS2482-100,
       DS2482-101 and DS2482-800 can specify (via pin voltages) a subset of addresses on the  i2c
       bus. Those choices are

       i2c_address

       0,1,2,3
              0x18,0x19,0x1A,0x1B

       4,5,6,7
              0x1C,0x1D,0x1E,0x1F (DS2482-800 only)

       port for i2c masters have the form /dev/i2c-0, /dev/i2c-1, ...

       -d port | --device=port
              This simple form only permits a specific port and the first available i2c_address

       --i2c=port | --i2c=port:i2c_address | --i2c=port:ALL
              Specific  i2c  port  and  the  i2c_address is either the first, specific, or all or
              them. The i2c_address is 0,1,2,...

       --i2c | --i2c=: | --i2c=ALL:ALL
              Search the available i2c buses for either  the  first,  the  first,  or  every  i2c
              adapter.

       The DS2482-800 masters 8 1-wire buses and so will generate 8 /bus.n entries.

* Network devices

       These  bus  masters  communicate  via  the  tcp/ip  network protocol and so can be located
       anywhere on the network.  The network_address is of the form tcp_address:port

       E.g. 192.168.0.1:3000 or localhost:3000

       --link=network_address
              LinkHubE network LINK adapter by iButtonLink

       --ha7net=network_address | --ha7net
              HA7Net network 1-wire adapter with specified  tcp  address  or  discovered  by  udp
              multicast. By Embedded Data Systems
              --timeout_ha7=60 specific timeout for HA7Net communications (60 second default).

       --etherweather=network_address
              Etherweather adapter

       -s network_address | --server=network_address
              Location  of an owserver (1) program that talks to the 1-wire bus. The default port
              is 4304.

       --timeout_network=5
              Timeout for network bus master communications. This has a 1 second default and  can
              be changed dynamically under /settings/timeout/network

* Simulated devices

       Used  for testing and development. No actual hardware is needed. Useful for separating the
       hardware development from the rest of the software design.

       devices
              is a list of comma-separated 1-wire devices in the following formats. Note  that  a
              valid CRC8 code is created automatically.

       10,05,21
              Hexadecimal family codes (the DS18S20, DS2405 and DS1921 in this example).

       10.12AB23431211
              A  more  complete hexadecimal unique address. Useful when an actual hardware device
              should be simulated.

       DS2408,DS2489
              The 1-wire device name. (Full ID cannot be speciifed in this format).

       --fake=devices
              Random address and random values for each  read.  The  device  ID  is  also  random
              (unless specified).

       --temperature_low=12 --temperature_high=44
              Specify  the temperature limits for the fake adapter simulation. These should be in
              the same temperature scale that is specified in the command line. It is possible to
              change      the      limits      dynamically     for     each     adapter     under
              /bus.x/interface/settings/simulated/[temperature_low|temperature_high]

       --tester=devices
              Predictable address and predictable values for each read. (See the website for  the
              algorhythm).

* w1 kernel module

       This  a linux-specific option for using the operating system's access to bus masters. Root
       access is required and the implementation was still in progress as  of  owfs  v2.7p12  and
       linux 2.6.30.

       Bus  masters  are recognized and added dynamically. Details of the physical bus master are
       not accessible, bu they include USB, i2c and a number of GPIO designs on embedded boards.

       Access is restrict to superuser due to the netlink  broadcast  protocol  employed  by  w1.
       Multitasking must be configured (threads) on the compilation.

       --w1   Use the linux kernel w1 virtual bus master.

       --timeout_w1=10
              Timeout  for  w1  netlink  communications.  This has a 10 second default and can be
              changed dynamically under /settings/timeout/w1

FTDI ADDRESSING

       FTDI is a brand of USB-to-serial chips which are very common. If  your  serial  device  is
       connected via a USB serial dongle based on a FTDI chip, or if your adapter uses a built-in
       FTDI USB chip (for example, the LinkUSB), you can use this FTDI addressing.

       The main benifit with this mode of access is that we can decrease the communication delay,
       yielding twice as fast 1-Wire communication in many cases.

       The following values for port can be used to identify a specific FTDI port. Note that this
       requires that OWFS is built with libftdi support.

       ftdi:d:<devicenode>
              path of bus and device-node (e.g. "003/001") within usb  device  tree  (usually  at
              /proc/bus/usb/)

       ftdi:i:<vendor>:<product>
              first  device with given vendor and product id, ids can be decimal, octal (preceded
              by "0") or hex (preceded by "0x")

       ftdi:i:<vendor>:<product>:<index>
              as above with index being the number of the device (starting with 0) if  there  are
              more than one

       ftdi:s:<vendor>:<product>:<serial>
              first device with given vendor id, product id and serial string

       The above formats are parsed fully by libftdi (minus the ftdi: prefix).

   Simplified device serial-only support
       An  additional  format  is  supported,  for certain bus types. This only specifies the USB
       serial number.

       ftdi:<serial>
              Identifies a FTDI device by serial only.  Currently, this is  only  valid  for  the
              VID/PID  found  on  the  LinkUSB  (i.e. --link).  Note that those VID/PID's are the
              default for any FT232R device, and in no way exclusive to LinkUSB.

SPECIFIC OPTIONS

   -p
       TCP port or IPaddress:port for owserver

       Other OWFS programs will access owserver via this address. (e.g. owfs -s IP:port /1wire)

       If no port is specified, the default well-known port (4304 -- assigned by the  IANA)  will
       be used.

TEMPERATURE SCALE OPTIONS

   -C --Celsius
   -F --Fahrenheit
   -K --Kelvin
   -R --Rankine
       Temperature scale used for data output. Celsius is the default.

       Can also be changed within the program at /settings/units/temperature_scale

PRESSURE SCALE OPTIONS

   --mbar (default)
   --atm
   --mmHg
   --inHg
   --psi
   --Pa
       Pressure scale used for data output. Millibar is the default.

       Can also be changed within the program at /settings/units/pressure_scale

FORMAT OPTIONS

       Choose the representation of the 1-wire unique identifiers. OWFS uses these identifiers as
       unique directory names.

       Although several display formats are selectable,  all  must  be  in  family-id-crc8  form,
       unlike some other programs and the labelling on iButtons, which are crc8-id-family form.

   -f --format="f[.]i[[.]c]"
       Display format for the 1-wire devices. Each device has a 8byte address, consisting of:

       f      family code, 1 byte

       i      ID number, 6 bytes

       c      CRC checksum, 1 byte

       Possible formats are f.i (default, 01.A1B2C3D4E5F6), fi fic f.ic f.i.c and fi.c

       All formats are accepted as input, but the output will be in the specified format.

       The  address  elements  can be retrieved from a device entry in owfs by the family, id and
       crc8 properties, and as a whole  with  address.   The  reversed  id  and  address  can  be
       retrieved as r_id and r_address.

JOB CONTROL OPTIONS

   -r --readonly
   -w --write
       Do  we  allow  writing to the 1-wire bus (writing memory, setting switches, limits, PIOs)?
       The write option is available for symmetry, it's the default.

   -P --pid-file filename
       Places the PID -- process ID of owfs into  the  specified  filename.  Useful  for  startup
       scripts control.

   --background | --foreground
       Whether  the  program  releases  the  console  and runs in the background after evaluating
       command line options.  background is the default.

   --error_print=0|1|2|3
       =0     default mixed destination: stderr foreground / syslog background

       =1     syslog only

       =2     stderr only

       =3     /dev/null (quiet mode).

   --error_level=0..9
       =0     default errors only

       =1     connections/disconnections

       =2     all high level calls

       =3     data summary for each call

       =4     details level

       >4     debugging chaff

       --error_level=9 produces a lot of output

CONFIGURATION FILE

   -c file | --configuration file
       Name of an owfs (5) configuration file with more command line parameters

HELP OPTIONS

       See also this man page and the web site http://www.owfs.org

   -h --help=[device|cache|program|job|temperature]
       Shows basic summary of options.

       device 1-wire bus master options

       cache  cache and communication size and timing

       program
              mountpoint or TCP server settings

       job    control and debugging options

       temperature
              Unique ID display format and temperature scale

   -V --version
       Version of this program and related libraries.

TIME OPTIONS

       Timeouts for the bus masters were previously listed in Device options.  Timeouts  for  the
       cache affect the time that data stays in memory. Default values are shown.

   --timeout_volatile=15
       Seconds  until  a  volatile  property  expires in the cache. Volatile properties are those
       (like temperature) that change on their own.

       Can be changed dynamically at /settings/timeout/volatile

   --timeout_stable=300
       Seconds until a stable property expires in the cache. Stable  properties  are  those  that
       shouldn't change unless explicitly changed. Memory contents for example.

       Can be changed dynamically at /settings/timeout/stable

   --timeout_directory=60
       Seconds  until  a  directory  listing expires in the cache. Directory lists are the 1-wire
       devices found on the bus.

       Can be changed dynamically at /settings/timeout/directory

   --timeout_presence=120
       Seconds until the presence and bus location of a 1-wire device expires in the cache.

       Can be changed dynamically at /settings/timeout/presence

       There are also timeouts for specific program responses:

   --timeout_server=5
       Seconds until the expected response from the owserver (1) is deemed tardy.

       Can be changed dynamically at /settings/timeout/server

   --timeout_ftp=900
       Seconds that an ftp session is kept alive.

       Can be changed dynamically at /settings/timeout/ftp

PERSISTENT THRESHOLD OPTIONS

       These settings control the behavior of owserver (1) in granting  and  dropping  persistent
       tcp connections. The default settings are shown.

       In  general no changes should be needed. In general the purpose is to limit total resource
       usage from an errant or rogue client.

   --timeout_persistent_low=600
       Minimum seconds that a persistent tcp connection to owserver (1) is kept open. This is the
       limit used when the number of connections is above --clients_persistent_low

   --timeout_persistent_high=3600
       Maximum seconds that a persistent tcp connection to owserver (1) is kept open. This is the
       limit used when the number of connections is below --clients_persistent_low

   --clients_persistent_low=10
       Maximum number of persistent tcp connections to  owserver  (1)  before  connections  start
       getting the more stringent time limitation --timeout_persistent_low

   --clients_persistent_high=20
       Maximum  number  of  persistent  tcp  connections to before no more are allowed (only non-
       persistent at this point).  owserver (1) before no more are allowed  (only  non-persistent
       at this point).

DEVELOPER OPTIONS

   --no_dirall
       Reject  DIRALL  messages  (requests  directory as a single message), forcing client to use
       older DIR method (each element is an individual message)

   --no_get
       Reject GET messages (lets owserver determine if READ or  DIRALL  is  appropriate).  Client
       will fall back to older methods.

   --no_persistence
       Reject persistence in requests. All transactions will have to be new connections.

   --pingcrazy
       Interject  many  "keep-alive"  (PING) responses. Usually PING responses are only sent when
       processing is taking a long time to inform client that owserver is still there.

EXAMPLE

       owserver -p 3001 -d /dev/ttyS0 runs owserver on tcp port 3001 and connects to  a  physical
       1-wire bus on a serial port.

SEE ALSO

   Programs
       owfs  (1)  owhttpd  (1) owftpd (1) owserver (1) owdir (1) owread (1) owwrite (1) owpresent
       (1) owtap (1)

   Configuration and testing
       owfs (5) owtap (1) owmon (1)

   Language bindings
       owtcl (3) owperl (3) owcapi (3)

   Clocks
       DS1427 (3) DS1904(3) DS1994 (3) DS2404 (3) DS2404S (3) DS2415 (3) DS2417 (3)

   ID
       DS2401 (3) DS2411 (3) DS1990A (3)

   Memory
       DS1982 (3) DS1985 (3) DS1986 (3) DS1991 (3) DS1992 (3) DS1993 (3) DS1995  (3)  DS1996  (3)
       DS2430A (3) DS2431 (3) DS2433 (3) DS2502 (3) DS2506 (3) DS28E04 (3) DS28EC20 (3)

   Switches
       DS2405 (3) DS2406 (3) DS2408 (3) DS2409 (3) DS2413 (3) DS28EA00 (3)

   Temperature
       DS1822  (3) DS1825 (3) DS1820 (3) DS18B20 (3) DS18S20 (3) DS1920 (3) DS1921 (3) DS1821 (3)
       DS28EA00 (3) DS28E04 (3)

   Humidity
       DS1922 (3)

   Voltage
       DS2450 (3)

   Resistance
       DS2890 (3)

   Multifunction (current, voltage, temperature)
       DS2436 (3) DS2437 (3) DS2438 (3) DS2751 (3) DS2755 (3) DS2756 (3) DS2760  (3)  DS2770  (3)
       DS2780 (3) DS2781 (3) DS2788 (3) DS2784 (3)

   Counter
       DS2423 (3)

   LCD Screen
       LCD (3) DS2408 (3)

   Crypto
       DS1977 (3)

   Pressure
       DS2406 (3) -- TAI8570

AVAILABILITY

       http://www.owfs.org

AUTHOR

       Paul Alfille (paul.alfille@gmail.com)