Provided by: sac2mseed_1.12+ds1-3_amd64 
NAME
sac2mseed - SAC to miniSEED converter
SYNOPSIS
sac2mseed [options] file1 [file2 file3 ...]
DESCRIPTION
sac2mseed converts SAC waveform data to miniSEED format. By default the format of the input files is
automatically detected: alpha or binary (byte order autodetected). The format can also be forced with
the -f option. If an input file name is prefixed with an '@' character the file is assumed to contain a
list of input data files, see LIST FILES below.
If the input file name ends in ".sac" (not case sensitive) the default output file name will be the same
with the extension replace with ".mseed". The output data may be re-directed to a single file or stdout
using the -o option.
OPTIONS
-V Print program version and exit.
-h Print program usage and exit.
-v Be more verbose. This flag can be used multiple times ("-v -v" or "-vv") for more verbosity.
-S Include SEED blockette 100 in each output record with the sample rate in floating point format.
The basic format for storing sample rates in SEED data records is a rational approximation
(numerator/denominator). Precision will be lost if a given sample rate cannot be well
approximated. This option should be used in those cases.
-n netcode
Specify the SEED network code to use, if not specified the network code will be the value of the
KNETWK variable in the SAC header, if KNETWK is not specified the network code will be blank. It
is highly recommended to specify a network code if no network is defined in the SAC file.
-s stacode
Specify the SEED station code to use, if not specified the station code will be the value of the
KSTNM variable in the SAC header, if KSTNM is not specified the location ID will be blank.
-l locid
Specify the SEED location ID to use, if not specified the location ID will be the value of the
KHOLE variable in the SAC header, if KHOLE is not specified the location ID will be blank.
-c chancodes
Specify the SEED channel codes to use, if not specified the channel code will be the value of the
KCMPNM variable in the SAC header, if KCMPNM is not specified the location ID will be blank. As a
special case a dot (.) will be interpreted as the same character as the input channel name, for
example, "L.." can be specified to only replace the first code with 'L' and leave the other two
codes as they are.
-r bytes
Specify the miniSEED record length in bytes, default is 4096.
-e encoding
Specify the miniSEED data encoding format, default is 11 (Steim-2 compression). Other supported
encoding formats include 10 (Steim-1 compression), 1 (16-bit integers) and 3 (32-bit integers).
The 16-bit integers encoding should only be used if all data samples can be represented in 16
bits.
-b byteorder
Specify the miniSEED byte order, default is 1 (big-endian or most significant byte first). The
other option is 0 (little-endian or least significant byte first). It is highly recommended to
always create big-endian SEED.
-o outfile
Write all miniSEED records to outfile, if outfile is a single dash (-) then all miniSEED output
will go to stdout. All diagnostic output from the program is written to stderr and should never
get mixed with data going to stdout.
-m metafile
For each input SAC file write a one-line summary of channel metadata metafile. The one-line
summary is a comma-separated list containing: network, station, location, channel, latitude,
longitude, elevation, depth, azimuth, incidence, instrument name, scale factor, sampling rate and
start and end times. In SAC the component azimuth is in degrees clockwise from north, the
component incident angle is in degrees from vertical and the elevation and depth are both in
meters.
-me When writing out a metadata file include the event name (kevnm) and user strings 0, 1 and 2
(kuser0, kuser1 and kuser2).
-s factor
When writing data to an integer (miniSEED) encoding format apply this scaling factor to each input
floating point data sample before truncating to an integer. By default autoscaling is used and a
scaling factor is determined that will scale the maximum sample value to a minimum of 6 digits.
If none of the input sample values include fractional components the scaling factor will be 1 and
the floating point data will simply be truncated to their integer components.
-f format
By default the format of each input file is autodetected, either alpha or binary (little or big
endian byte order autodetected as well). This option forces the format for every input file:
0 : Autodetect SAC format (default)
1 : Alphanumeric SAC format
2 : Binary SAC format, autodetect byte order
3 : Binary SAC format, little-endian
4 : Binary SAC format, big-endian
SEED LOCATION IDS
The contents of the SAC header variable KHOLE is used as the SEED location ID if it is set. While the
definition of KHOLE and SEED location ID are not officially the same, this is a known convention when
converting between these two formats.
LIST FILES
If an input file is prefixed with an '@' character the file is assumed to contain a list of file for
input. Multiple list files can be combined with multiple input files on the command line. The last,
space separated field on each line is assumed to be the file name to be read.
An example of a simple text list:
TA.ELFS..LHE.SAC
TA.ELFS..LHN.SAC
TA.ELFS..LHZ.SAC
ABOUT SAC
Seismic Analysis Code (SAC) is a general purpose interactive program designed for the study of sequential
signals, especially timeseries data. Originally developed at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
the SAC software package is also available from IRIS.
AUTHOR
Chad Trabant
IRIS Data Management Center
2017/04/03 SAC2MSEED(1)