NAME

       encoding - Manipulate encodings

SYNOPSIS

       encoding option ?arg arg ...?
_________________________________________________________________________________________________

INTRODUCTION

       Strings  in  Tcl  are encoded using 16-bit Unicode characters.  Different operating system
       interfaces or applications may generate strings in other encodings such as Shift-JIS.  The
       encoding command helps to bridge the gap between Unicode and these other formats.

DESCRIPTION

       Performs  one  of  several  encoding  related  operations, depending on option.  The legal
       options are:

       encoding convertfrom ?encoding? data
              Convert data to Unicode from the specified encoding.  The characters  in  data  are
              treated  as  binary  data  where  the  lower 8-bits of each character is taken as a
              single byte.  The resulting sequence of  bytes  is  treated  as  a  string  in  the
              specified  encoding.   If encoding is not specified, the current system encoding is
              used.

       encoding convertto ?encoding? string
              Convert string from Unicode to the specified encoding.  The result is a sequence of
              bytes  that  represents  the  converted  string.   Each byte is stored in the lower
              8-bits of a Unicode character.  If encoding is not specified,  the  current  system
              encoding is used.

       encoding dirs ?directoryList?
              Tcl  can  load  encoding  data  files from the file system that describe additional │
              encodings for it to work with. This command sets the search path for *.enc encoding │
              data  files  to  the list of directories directoryList. If directoryList is omitted │
              then the command returns the current list of directories that make  up  the  search │
              path.  It  is  an error for directoryList to not be a valid list. If, when a search │
              for an encoding data file is happening, an element in directoryList does not  refer │
              to a readable, searchable directory, that element is ignored.

       encoding names
              Returns  a  list  containing  the  names of all of the encodings that are currently
              available.

       encoding system ?encoding?
              Set the system encoding to encoding.  If  encoding  is  omitted  then  the  command
              returns  the  current  system  encoding.   The system encoding is used whenever Tcl
              passes strings to system calls.

EXAMPLE

       It is common practice to write script files using a text editor that  produces  output  in
       the  euc-jp  encoding,  which  represents the ASCII characters as singe bytes and Japanese
       characters as two bytes.  This makes it easy to embed literal strings that  correspond  to
       non-ASCII  characters  by  simply  typing  the  strings  in place in the script.  However,
       because the source command always reads files using the current system encoding, Tcl  will
       only  source  such  files  correctly when the encoding used to write the file is the same.
       This tends not to be true in an internationalized setting.  For example, if  such  a  file
       was sourced in North America (where the ISO8859-1 is normally used), each byte in the file
       would be treated as a separate character that  maps  to  the  00  page  in  Unicode.   The
       resulting  Tcl  strings  will not contain the expected Japanese characters.  Instead, they
       will contain a sequence of Latin-1 characters that correspond to the bytes of the original
       string.   The encoding command can be used to convert this string to the expected Japanese
       Unicode characters.  For example,
              set s [encoding convertfrom euc-jp "\xA4\xCF"]
       would return the Unicode string “\u306F”, which is the Hiragana letter HA.

SEE ALSO

       Tcl_GetEncoding(3tcl)

KEYWORDS

       encoding