PROLOG

       This  manual  page  is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual.  The Linux implementation of
       this interface may differ (consult the corresponding Linux  manual  page  for  details  of
       Linux behavior), or the interface may not be implemented on Linux.

NAME

       fclose — close a stream

SYNOPSIS

       #include <stdio.h>

       int fclose(FILE *stream);

DESCRIPTION

       The functionality described on this reference page is aligned with the ISO C standard. Any
       conflict between the requirements described here and the ISO C standard is  unintentional.
       This volume of POSIX.1‐2008 defers to the ISO C standard.

       The  fclose()  function  shall cause the stream pointed to by stream to be flushed and the
       associated file to be closed. Any unwritten buffered data for the stream shall be  written
       to  the  file;  any  unread  buffered  data  shall  be  discarded. Whether or not the call
       succeeds, the stream shall be disassociated from the  file  and  any  buffer  set  by  the
       setbuf()  or  setvbuf() function shall be disassociated from the stream. If the associated
       buffer was automatically allocated, it shall be deallocated.

       If the file is not already at EOF, and the file is one capable of seeking, the file offset
       of the underlying open file description shall be set to the file position of the stream if
       the stream is the active handle to the underlying file description.

       The fclose() function shall mark for update the  last  data  modification  and  last  file
       status  change  timestamps  of  the  underlying  file,  if the stream was writable, and if
       buffered data remains that has not yet been written to the  file.  The  fclose()  function
       shall  perform  the equivalent of a close() on the file descriptor that is associated with
       the stream pointed to by stream.

       After the call to fclose(), any use of stream results in undefined behavior.

RETURN VALUE

       Upon successful completion, fclose() shall return 0; otherwise, it shall  return  EOF  and
       set errno to indicate the error.

ERRORS

       The fclose() function shall fail if:

       EAGAIN The O_NONBLOCK flag is set for the file descriptor underlying stream and the thread
              would be delayed in the write operation.

       EBADF  The file descriptor underlying stream is not valid.

       EFBIG  An attempt was made to write a file that exceeds the maximum file size.

       EFBIG  An attempt was made to write a file  that  exceeds  the  file  size  limit  of  the
              process.

       EFBIG  The file is a regular file and an attempt was made to write at or beyond the offset
              maximum associated with the corresponding stream.

       EINTR  The fclose() function was interrupted by a signal.

       EIO    The process is a member of a background process group attempting to  write  to  its
              controlling  terminal,  TOSTOP  is set, the calling thread is not blocking SIGTTOU,
              the process is not ignoring SIGTTOU, and  the  process  group  of  the  process  is
              orphaned.  This error may also be returned under implementation-defined conditions.

       ENOMEM The  underlying  stream  was  created  by open_memstream() or open_wmemstream() and
              insufficient memory is available.

       ENOSPC There was no free space remaining on the device  containing  the  file  or  in  the
              buffer used by the fmemopen() function.

       EPIPE  An  attempt  is made to write to a pipe or FIFO that is not open for reading by any
              process. A SIGPIPE signal shall also be sent to the thread.

       The fclose() function may fail if:

       ENXIO  A request was made of  a  nonexistent  device,  or  the  request  was  outside  the
              capabilities of the device.

       The following sections are informative.

EXAMPLES

       None.

APPLICATION USAGE

       None.

RATIONALE

       None.

FUTURE DIRECTIONS

       None.

SEE ALSO

       Section   2.5,   Standard   I/O   Streams,   close(),  fmemopen(),  fopen(),  getrlimit(),
       open_memstream(), ulimit()

       The Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1‐2008, <stdio.h>

COPYRIGHT

       Portions of this text are reprinted and  reproduced  in  electronic  form  from  IEEE  Std
       1003.1,  2013  Edition,  Standard  for Information Technology -- Portable Operating System
       Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 7, Copyright (C) 2013  by  the
       Institute  of  Electrical  and  Electronics  Engineers,  Inc and The Open Group.  (This is
       POSIX.1-2008 with the  2013  Technical  Corrigendum  1  applied.)  In  the  event  of  any
       discrepancy  between  this  version and the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the
       original IEEE and The Open Group Standard is the referee document. The  original  Standard
       can be obtained online at http://www.unix.org/online.html .

       Any  typographical  or  formatting errors that appear in this page are most likely to have
       been introduced during the conversion of the source files to man page  format.  To  report
       such errors, see https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/reporting_bugs.html .