Provided by: iproute2_5.5.0-1ubuntu1_amd64 bug

NAME

       ip-link - network device configuration

SYNOPSIS

       ip link  { COMMAND | help }

       ip link add [ link DEVICE ] [ name ] NAME
               [ txqueuelen PACKETS ]
               [ address LLADDR ] [ broadcast LLADDR ]
               [ mtu MTU ] [ index IDX ]
               [ numtxqueues QUEUE_COUNT ] [ numrxqueues QUEUE_COUNT ]
               [ gso_max_size BYTES ] [ gso_max_segs SEGMENTS ]
               type TYPE [ ARGS ]

       ip link delete { DEVICE | group GROUP } type TYPE [ ARGS ]

       ip link set { DEVICE | group GROUP }
               [ { up | down } ]
               [ type ETYPE TYPE_ARGS ]
               [ arp { on | off } ]
               [ dynamic { on | off } ]
               [ multicast { on | off } ]
               [ allmulticast { on | off } ]
               [ promisc { on | off } ]
               [ protodown { on | off } ]
               [ trailers { on | off } ]
               [ txqueuelen PACKETS ]
               [ name NEWNAME ]
               [ address LLADDR ]
               [ broadcast LLADDR ]
               [ mtu MTU ]
               [ netns { PID | NETNSNAME } ]
               [ link-netnsid ID ]
               [ alias NAME ]
               [ vf NUM [ mac LLADDR ]
                        [ VFVLAN-LIST ]
                        [ rate TXRATE ]
                        [ max_tx_rate TXRATE ]
                        [ min_tx_rate TXRATE ]
                        [ spoofchk { on | off } ]
                        [ query_rss { on | off } ]
                        [ state { auto | enable | disable } ]
                        [ trust { on | off } ]
                        [ node_guid eui64 ]
                        [ port_guid eui64 ] ]
               [ { xdp | xdpgeneric | xdpdrv | xdpoffload } { off |
                       object FILE [ section NAME ] [ verbose ] |
                       pinned FILE } ]
               [ master DEVICE ]
               [ nomaster ]
               [ vrf NAME ]
               [ addrgenmode { eui64 | none | stable_secret | random } ]
               [ macaddr [ MACADDR ]
                         [ { flush | add | del } MACADDR ]
                         [ set MACADDR ] ]

                 ip link show [ DEVICE | group GROUP ] [ up ] [ master DEVICE ] [ type ETYPE ] [
                         vrf NAME ]

                 ip link xstats type TYPE [ ARGS ]

                 ip link afstats [ dev DEVICE ]

                 ip link help [ TYPE ]

                 TYPE := [ bridge | bond | can | dummy | hsr | ifb | ipoib | macvlan | macvtap |
                         vcan | vxcan | veth | vlan | vxlan | ip6tnl | ipip | sit | gre | gretap
                         | erspan | ip6gre | ip6gretap | ip6erspan | vti | nlmon | ipvlan |
                         ipvtap | lowpan | geneve | vrf | macsec | netdevsim | rmnet | xfrm ]

                 ETYPE := [ TYPE | bridge_slave | bond_slave ]

                 VFVLAN-LIST := [ VFVLAN-LIST ] VFVLAN

                 VFVLAN := [ vlan VLANID [ qos VLAN-QOS ] [ proto VLAN-PROTO ] ]

         ip link property add [ altname NAME .. ]

         ip link property del [ altname NAME .. ]

DESCRIPTION

   ip link add - add virtual link
       link DEVICE
              specifies the physical device to act operate on.

              NAME specifies the name of the new virtual device.

              TYPE specifies the type of the new device.

              Link types:

                      bridge - Ethernet Bridge device

                      bond - Bonding device

                      dummy - Dummy network interface

                      hsr - High-availability Seamless Redundancy device

                      ifb - Intermediate Functional Block device

                      ipoib - IP over Infiniband device

                      macvlan - Virtual interface base on link layer address (MAC)

                      macvtap - Virtual interface based on link layer address (MAC) and TAP.

                      vcan - Virtual Controller Area Network interface

                      vxcan - Virtual Controller Area Network tunnel interface

                      veth - Virtual ethernet interface

                      vlan - 802.1q tagged virtual LAN interface

                      vxlan - Virtual eXtended LAN

                      ip6tnl - Virtual tunnel interface IPv4|IPv6 over IPv6

                      ipip - Virtual tunnel interface IPv4 over IPv4

                      sit - Virtual tunnel interface IPv6 over IPv4

                      gre - Virtual tunnel interface GRE over IPv4

                      gretap - Virtual L2 tunnel interface GRE over IPv4

                      erspan - Encapsulated Remote SPAN over GRE and IPv4

                      ip6gre - Virtual tunnel interface GRE over IPv6

                      ip6gretap - Virtual L2 tunnel interface GRE over IPv6

                      ip6erspan - Encapsulated Remote SPAN over GRE and IPv6

                      vti - Virtual tunnel interface

                      nlmon - Netlink monitoring device

                      ipvlan - Interface for L3 (IPv6/IPv4) based VLANs

                      ipvtap - Interface for L3 (IPv6/IPv4) based VLANs and TAP

                      lowpan - Interface for 6LoWPAN (IPv6) over IEEE 802.15.4 / Bluetooth

                      geneve - GEneric NEtwork Virtualization Encapsulation

                      macsec - Interface for IEEE 802.1AE MAC Security (MACsec)

                      vrf - Interface for L3 VRF domains

                      netdevsim - Interface for netdev API tests

                      rmnet - Qualcomm rmnet device

                      xfrm - Virtual xfrm interface

       numtxqueues QUEUE_COUNT
              specifies the number of transmit queues for new device.

       numrxqueues QUEUE_COUNT
              specifies the number of receive queues for new device.

       gso_max_size BYTES
              specifies the recommended maximum size of a Generic Segment Offload packet the new
              device should accept.

       gso_max_segs SEGMENTS
              specifies the recommended maximum number of a Generic Segment Offload segments the
              new device should accept.

       index IDX
              specifies the desired index of the new virtual device. The link creation fails, if
              the index is busy.

       VLAN Type Support
              For a link of type VLAN the following additional arguments are supported:

              ip link add link DEVICE name NAME type vlan [ protocol VLAN_PROTO ] id VLANID [
              reorder_hdr { on | off } ] [ gvrp { on | off } ] [ mvrp { on | off } ] [
              loose_binding { on | off } ] [ bridge_binding { on | off } ] [ ingress-qos-map QOS-
              MAP ] [ egress-qos-map QOS-MAP ]

                      protocol VLAN_PROTO - either 802.1Q or 802.1ad.

                      id VLANID - specifies the VLAN Identifer to use. Note that numbers with a
                      leading " 0 " or " 0x " are interpreted as octal or hexadeimal,
                      respectively.

                      reorder_hdr { on | off } - specifies whether ethernet headers are reordered
                      or not (default is on).

                          If reorder_hdr is on then VLAN header will be not inserted immediately
                          but only before passing to the physical device (if this device does not
                          support VLAN offloading), the similar on the RX direction - by default
                          the packet will be untagged before being received by VLAN device.
                          Reordering allows to accelerate tagging on egress and to hide VLAN
                          header on ingress so the packet looks like regular Ethernet packet, at
                          the same time it might be confusing for packet capture as the VLAN
                          header does not exist within the packet.

                          VLAN offloading can be checked by ethtool(8):

                              ethtool -k <phy_dev> | grep tx-vlan-offload

                          where <phy_dev> is the physical device to which VLAN device is bound.

                      gvrp { on | off } - specifies whether this VLAN should be registered using
                      GARP VLAN
                        Registration Protocol.

                      mvrp { on | off } - specifies whether this VLAN should be registered using
                      Multiple VLAN
                        Registration Protocol.

                      loose_binding { on | off } - specifies whether the VLAN device state is
                      bound to the physical device state.

                      bridge_binding { on | off } - specifies whether the VLAN device link state
                      tracks the state of bridge ports that are members of the VLAN.

                      ingress-qos-map QOS-MAP - defines a mapping of VLAN header prio field to
                      the Linux internal packet priority on incoming frames. The format is
                      FROM:TO with multiple mappings separated by spaces.

                      egress-qos-map QOS-MAP - defines a mapping of Linux internal packet
                      priority to VLAN header prio field but for outgoing frames. The format is
                      the same as for ingress-qos-map.

                          Linux packet priority can be set by iptables(8):

                              iptables -t mangle -A POSTROUTING [...] -j CLASSIFY --set-class 0:4

                          and this "4" priority can be used in the egress qos mapping to set VLAN
                          prio "5":

                              ip link set veth0.10 type vlan egress 4:5

       VXLAN Type Support
              For a link of type VXLAN the following additional arguments are supported:

              ip link add DEVICE type vxlan id VNI [ dev PHYS_DEV  ] [ { group | remote } IPADDR
              ] [ local { IPADDR | any } ] [ ttl TTL ] [ tos TOS ] [ df DF ] [ flowlabel
              FLOWLABEL ] [ dstport PORT ] [ srcport MIN MAX ] [ [no]learning ] [ [no]proxy ] [
              [no]rsc ] [ [no]l2miss ] [ [no]l3miss ] [ [no]udpcsum ] [ [no]udp6zerocsumtx ] [
              [no]udp6zerocsumrx ] [ ageing SECONDS ] [ maxaddress NUMBER ] [ [no]external ] [
              gbp ] [ gpe ]

                      id VNI - specifies the VXLAN Network Identifer (or VXLAN Segment
                      Identifier) to use.

                      dev PHYS_DEV - specifies the physical device to use for tunnel endpoint
                      communication.

                      group IPADDR - specifies the multicast IP address to join.  This parameter
                      cannot be specified with the remote parameter.

                      remote IPADDR - specifies the unicast destination IP address to use in
                      outgoing packets when the destination link layer address is not known in
                      the VXLAN device forwarding database. This parameter cannot be specified
                      with the group parameter.

                      local IPADDR - specifies the source IP address to use in outgoing packets.

                      ttl TTL - specifies the TTL value to use in outgoing packets.

                      tos TOS - specifies the TOS value to use in outgoing packets.

                      df DF - specifies the usage of the Don't Fragment flag (DF) bit in outgoing
                      packets with IPv4 headers. The value inherit causes the bit to be copied
                      from the original IP header. The values unset and set cause the bit to be
                      always unset or always set, respectively. By default, the bit is not set.

                      flowlabel FLOWLABEL - specifies the flow label to use in outgoing packets.

                      dstport PORT - specifies the UDP destination port to communicate to the
                      remote
                        VXLAN tunnel endpoint.

                      srcport MIN MAX - specifies the range of port numbers to use as UDP source
                      ports to communicate to the remote VXLAN tunnel endpoint.

                      [no]learning - specifies if unknown source link layer addresses and IP
                      addresses are entered into the VXLAN device forwarding database.

                      [no]rsc - specifies if route short circuit is turned on.

                      [no]proxy - specifies ARP proxy is turned on.

                      [no]l2miss - specifies if netlink LLADDR miss notifications are generated.

                      [no]l3miss - specifies if netlink IP ADDR miss notifications are generated.

                      [no]udpcsum - specifies if UDP checksum is calculated for transmitted
                      packets over IPv4.

                      [no]udp6zerocsumtx - skip UDP checksum calculation for transmitted packets
                      over IPv6.

                      [no]udp6zerocsumrx - allow incoming UDP packets over IPv6 with zero
                      checksum field.

                      ageing SECONDS - specifies the lifetime in seconds of FDB entries learnt by
                      the kernel.

                      maxaddress NUMBER - specifies the maximum number of FDB entries.

                      [no]external - specifies whether an external control plane (e.g. ip route
                      encap) or the internal FDB should be used.

                      gbp - enables the Group Policy extension (VXLAN-GBP).

                          Allows to transport group policy context across VXLAN network peers.
                          If enabled, includes the mark of a packet in the VXLAN header for
                          outgoing packets and fills the packet mark based on the information
                          found in the VXLAN header for incoming packets.

                          Format of upper 16 bits of packet mark (flags);

                            +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
                            |-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|D|-|-|A|-|-|-|
                            +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

                            D := Don't Learn bit. When set, this bit indicates that the egress
                            VTEP MUST NOT learn the source address of the encapsulated frame.

                            A := Indicates that the group policy has already been applied to this
                            packet. Policies MUST NOT be applied by devices when the A bit is
                            set.

                          Format of lower 16 bits of packet mark (policy ID):

                            +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
                            |        Group Policy ID        |
                            +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

                          Example:
                            iptables -A OUTPUT [...] -j MARK --set-mark 0x800FF

                      gpe - enables the Generic Protocol extension (VXLAN-GPE). Currently, this
                      is only supported together with the external keyword.

       VETH, VXCAN Type Support
              For a link of types VETH/VXCAN the following additional arguments are supported:

              ip link add DEVICE type { veth | vxcan } [ peer name NAME ]

                      peer name NAME - specifies the virtual pair device name of the VETH/VXCAN
                      tunnel.

       IPIP, SIT Type Support
              For a link of type IPIPorSIT the following additional arguments are supported:

              ip link add DEVICE type { ipip | sit }  remote ADDR local ADDR [ encap { fou | gue
              | none } ] [ encap-sport { PORT | auto } ] [ encap-dport PORT ] [ [no]encap-csum ]
              [  [no]encap-remcsum ] [  mode  { ip6ip | ipip | mplsip | any } ] [ external ]

                      remote ADDR - specifies the remote address of the tunnel.

                      local ADDR - specifies the fixed local address for tunneled packets.  It
                      must be an address on another interface on this host.

                      encap { fou | gue | none } - specifies type of secondary UDP encapsulation.
                      "fou" indicates Foo-Over-UDP, "gue" indicates Generic UDP Encapsulation.

                      encap-sport { PORT | auto } - specifies the source port in UDP
                      encapsulation.  PORT indicates the port by number, "auto" indicates that
                      the port number should be chosen automatically (the kernel picks a flow
                      based on the flow hash of the encapsulated packet).

                      [no]encap-csum - specifies if UDP checksums are enabled in the secondary
                      encapsulation.

                      [no]encap-remcsum - specifies if Remote Checksum Offload is enabled. This
                      is only applicable for Generic UDP Encapsulation.

                      mode { ip6ip | ipip | mplsip | any } - specifies mode in which device
                      should run. "ip6ip" indicates IPv6-Over-IPv4, "ipip" indicates "IPv4-Over-
                      IPv4", "mplsip" indicates MPLS-Over-IPv4, "any" indicates IPv6, IPv4 or
                      MPLS Over IPv4. Supported for SIT where the default is "ip6ip" and IPIP
                      where the default is "ipip".  IPv6-Over-IPv4 is not supported for IPIP.

                      external - make this tunnel externally controlled (e.g. ip route encap).

       GRE Type Support
              For a link of type GRE or GRETAP the following additional arguments are supported:

              ip link add DEVICE type { gre | gretap }  remote ADDR local ADDR [ [no][i|o]seq ] [
              [i|o]key KEY | no[i|o]key ] [ [no][i|o]csum ] [ ttl TTL ] [ tos TOS ] [
              [no]pmtudisc ] [ [no]ignore-df ] [ dev PHYS_DEV ] [ encap { fou | gue | none } ] [
              encap-sport { PORT | auto } ] [ encap-dport PORT ] [ [no]encap-csum ] [ [no]encap-
              remcsum ] [ external ]

                      remote ADDR - specifies the remote address of the tunnel.

                      local ADDR - specifies the fixed local address for tunneled packets.  It
                      must be an address on another interface on this host.

                      [no][i|o]seq - serialize packets.  The oseq flag enables sequencing of
                      outgoing packets.  The iseq flag requires that all input packets are
                      serialized.

                      [i|o]key KEY | no[i|o]key - use keyed GRE with key KEY. KEY is either a
                      number or an IPv4 address-like dotted quad.  The key parameter specifies
                      the same key to use in both directions.  The ikey and okey parameters
                      specify different keys for input and output.

                      [no][i|o]csum - generate/require checksums for tunneled packets.  The ocsum
                      flag calculates checksums for outgoing packets.  The icsum flag requires
                      that all input packets have the correct checksum. The csum flag is
                      equivalent to the combination icsum ocsum .

                      ttl TTL - specifies the TTL value to use in outgoing packets.

                      tos TOS - specifies the TOS value to use in outgoing packets.

                      [no]pmtudisc - enables/disables Path MTU Discovery on this tunnel.  It is
                      enabled by default. Note that a fixed ttl is incompatible with this option:
                      tunneling with a fixed ttl always makes pmtu discovery.

                      [no]ignore-df - enables/disables IPv4 DF suppression on this tunnel.
                      Normally datagrams that exceed the MTU will be fragmented; the presence of
                      the DF flag inhibits this, resulting instead in an ICMP Unreachable
                      (Fragmentation Required) message.  Enabling this attribute causes the DF
                      flag to be ignored.

                      dev PHYS_DEV - specifies the physical device to use for tunnel endpoint
                      communication.

                      encap { fou | gue | none } - specifies type of secondary UDP encapsulation.
                      "fou" indicates Foo-Over-UDP, "gue" indicates Generic UDP Encapsulation.

                      encap-sport { PORT | auto } - specifies the source port in UDP
                      encapsulation.  PORT indicates the port by number, "auto" indicates that
                      the port number should be chosen automatically (the kernel picks a flow
                      based on the flow hash of the encapsulated packet).

                      [no]encap-csum - specifies if UDP checksums are enabled in the secondary
                      encapsulation.

                      [no]encap-remcsum - specifies if Remote Checksum Offload is enabled. This
                      is only applicable for Generic UDP Encapsulation.

                      external - make this tunnel externally controlled (e.g. ip route encap).

       IP6GRE/IP6GRETAP Type Support
              For a link of type IP6GRE/IP6GRETAP the following additional arguments are
              supported:

              ip link add DEVICE type { ip6gre | ip6gretap } remote ADDR local ADDR [
              [no][i|o]seq ] [ [i|o]key KEY | no[i|o]key ] [ [no][i|o]csum ] [ hoplimit TTL ] [
              encaplimit ELIM ] [ tclass TCLASS ] [ flowlabel FLOWLABEL ] [ dscp inherit ] [
              [no]allow-localremote ] [ dev PHYS_DEV ] [ external ]

                      remote ADDR - specifies the remote IPv6 address of the tunnel.

                      local ADDR - specifies the fixed local IPv6 address for tunneled packets.
                      It must be an address on another interface on this host.

                      [no][i|o]seq - serialize packets.  The oseq flag enables sequencing of
                      outgoing packets.  The iseq flag requires that all input packets are
                      serialized.

                      [i|o]key KEY | no[i|o]key - use keyed GRE with key KEY. KEY is either a
                      number or an IPv4 address-like dotted quad.  The key parameter specifies
                      the same key to use in both directions.  The ikey and okey parameters
                      specify different keys for input and output.

                      [no][i|o]csum - generate/require checksums for tunneled packets.  The ocsum
                      flag calculates checksums for outgoing packets.  The icsum flag requires
                      that all input packets have the correct checksum. The csum flag is
                      equivalent to the combination icsum ocsum.

                      hoplimit TTL - specifies Hop Limit value to use in outgoing packets.

                      encaplimit ELIM - specifies a fixed encapsulation limit. Default is 4.

                      flowlabel FLOWLABEL - specifies a fixed flowlabel.

                      [no]allow-localremote - specifies whether to allow remote endpoint to have
                      an address configured on local host.

                      tclass TCLASS - specifies the traffic class field on tunneled packets,
                      which can be specified as either a two-digit hex value (e.g. c0) or a
                      predefined string (e.g. internet).  The value inherit causes the field to
                      be copied from the original IP header. The values inherit/STRING or
                      inherit/00..ff will set the field to STRING or 00..ff when tunneling non-IP
                      packets. The default value is 00.

                      external - make this tunnel externally controlled (or not, which is the
                      default).  In the kernel, this is referred to as collect metadata mode.
                      This flag is mutually exclusive with the remote, local, seq, key, csum,
                      hoplimit, encaplimit, flowlabel and tclass options.

       IPoIB Type Support
              For a link of type IPoIB the following additional arguments are supported:

              ip link add DEVICE name NAME type ipoib [ pkey PKEY ] [ mode MODE ]

                      pkey PKEY - specifies the IB P-Key to use.

                      mode MODE - specifies the mode (datagram or connected) to use.

       ERSPAN Type Support
              For a link of type ERSPAN/IP6ERSPAN the following additional arguments are
              supported:

              ip link add DEVICE type { erspan | ip6erspan } remote ADDR local ADDR seq key KEY
              erspan_ver version [ erspan IDX ] [ erspan_dir { ingress | egress } ] [ erspan_hwid
              hwid ] [ [no]allow-localremote ] [ external ]

                      remote ADDR - specifies the remote address of the tunnel.

                      local ADDR - specifies the fixed local address for tunneled packets.  It
                      must be an address on another interface on this host.

                      erspan_ver version - specifies the ERSPAN version number.  version
                      indicates the ERSPAN version to be created: 1 for version 1 (type II) or 2
                      for version 2 (type III).

                      erspan IDX - specifies the ERSPAN v1 index field.  IDX indicates a 20 bit
                      index/port number associated with the ERSPAN traffic's source port and
                      direction.

                      erspan_dir { ingress | egress } - specifies the ERSPAN v2 mirrored
                      traffic's direction.

                      erspan_hwid hwid - an unique identifier of an ERSPAN v2 engine within a
                      system.  hwid is a 6-bit value for users to configure.

                      [no]allow-localremote - specifies whether to allow remote endpoint to have
                      an address configured on local host.

                      external - make this tunnel externally controlled (or not, which is the
                      default).  In the kernel, this is referred to as collect metadata mode.
                      This flag is mutually exclusive with the remote, local, erspan_ver, erspan,
                      erspan_dir and erspan_hwid options.

       GENEVE Type Support
              For a link of type GENEVE the following additional arguments are supported:

              ip link add DEVICE type geneve id VNI remote IPADDR [ ttl TTL ] [ tos TOS ] [ df DF
              ] [ flowlabel FLOWLABEL ] [ dstport PORT ] [ [no]external ] [ [no]udpcsum ] [
              [no]udp6zerocsumtx ] [ [no]udp6zerocsumrx ]

                      id VNI - specifies the Virtual Network Identifer to use.

                      remote IPADDR - specifies the unicast destination IP address to use in
                      outgoing packets.

                      ttl TTL - specifies the TTL value to use in outgoing packets. "0" or "auto"
                      means use whatever default value, "inherit" means inherit the inner
                      protocol's ttl. Default option is "0".

                      tos TOS - specifies the TOS value to use in outgoing packets.

                      df DF - specifies the usage of the Don't Fragment flag (DF) bit in outgoing
                      packets with IPv4 headers. The value inherit causes the bit to be copied
                      from the original IP header. The values unset and set cause the bit to be
                      always unset or always set, respectively. By default, the bit is not set.

                      flowlabel FLOWLABEL - specifies the flow label to use in outgoing packets.

                      dstport PORT - select a destination port other than the default of 6081.

                      [no]external - make this tunnel externally controlled (or not, which is the
                      default). This flag is mutually exclusive with the id, remote, ttl, tos and
                      flowlabel options.

                      [no]udpcsum - specifies if UDP checksum is calculated for transmitted
                      packets over IPv4.

                      [no]udp6zerocsumtx - skip UDP checksum calculation for transmitted packets
                      over IPv6.

                      [no]udp6zerocsumrx - allow incoming UDP packets over IPv6 with zero
                      checksum field.

       MACVLAN and MACVTAP Type Support
              For a link of type MACVLAN or MACVTAP the following additional arguments are
              supported:

              ip link add link DEVICE name NAME type { macvlan | macvtap } mode { private | vepa
              | bridge | passthru  [ nopromisc ] | source }

                      type { macvlan | macvtap } - specifies the link type to use.  macvlan
                      creates just a virtual interface, while macvtap in addition creates a
                      character device /dev/tapX to be used just like a tuntap device.

                      mode private - Do not allow communication between macvlan instances on the
                      same physical interface, even if the external switch supports hairpin mode.

                      mode vepa - Virtual Ethernet Port Aggregator mode. Data from one macvlan
                      instance to the other on the same physical interface is transmitted over
                      the physical interface. Either the attached switch needs to support hairpin
                      mode, or there must be a TCP/IP router forwarding the packets in order to
                      allow communication. This is the default mode.

                      mode bridge - In bridge mode, all endpoints are directly connected to each
                      other, communication is not redirected through the physical interface's
                      peer.

                      mode passthru [ nopromisc ] - This mode gives more power to a single
                      endpoint, usually in macvtap mode. It is not allowed for more than one
                      endpoint on the same physical interface. All traffic will be forwarded to
                      this endpoint, allowing virtio guests to change MAC address or set
                      promiscuous mode in order to bridge the interface or create vlan interfaces
                      on top of it. By default, this mode forces the underlying interface into
                      promiscuous mode. Passing the nopromisc flag prevents this, so the promisc
                      flag may be controlled using standard tools.

                      mode source - allows one to set a list of allowed mac address, which is
                      used to match against source mac address from received frames on underlying
                      interface. This allows creating mac based VLAN associations, instead of
                      standard port or tag based. The feature is useful to deploy 802.1x mac
                      based behavior, where drivers of underlying interfaces doesn't allows that.

       High-availability Seamless Redundancy (HSR) Support
              For a link of type HSR the following additional arguments are supported:

              ip link add link DEVICE name NAME type hsr slave1 SLAVE1-IF slave2 SLAVE2-IF [
              supervision ADDR-BYTE ] [ version { 0 | 1 } ]

                      type hsr - specifies the link type to use, here HSR.

                      slave1 SLAVE1-IF - Specifies the physical device used for the first of the
                      two ring ports.

                      slave2 SLAVE2-IF - Specifies the physical device used for the second of the
                      two ring ports.

                      supervision ADDR-BYTE - The last byte of the multicast address used for HSR
                      supervision frames.  Default option is "0", possible values 0-255.

                      version { 0 | 1 } - Selects the protocol version of the interface. Default
                      option is "0", which corresponds to the 2010 version of the HSR standard.
                      Option "1" activates the 2012 version.

       BRIDGE Type Support
              For a link of type BRIDGE the following additional arguments are supported:

              ip link add DEVICE type bridge [ ageing_time AGEING_TIME ] [ group_fwd_mask MASK ]
              [ group_address ADDRESS ] [ forward_delay FORWARD_DELAY ] [ hello_time HELLO_TIME ]
              [ max_age MAX_AGE ] [ stp_state STP_STATE ] [ priority PRIORITY ] [ vlan_filtering
              VLAN_FILTERING ] [ vlan_protocol VLAN_PROTOCOL ] [ vlan_default_pvid
              VLAN_DEFAULT_PVID ] [ vlan_stats_enabled VLAN_STATS_ENABLED ] [ vlan_stats_per_port
              VLAN_STATS_PER_PORT ] [ mcast_snooping MULTICAST_SNOOPING ] [ mcast_router
              MULTICAST_ROUTER ] [ mcast_query_use_ifaddr MCAST_QUERY_USE_IFADDR ] [
              mcast_querier MULTICAST_QUERIER ] [ mcast_hash_elasticity HASH_ELASTICITY ] [
              mcast_hash_max HASH_MAX ] [ mcast_last_member_count LAST_MEMBER_COUNT ] [
              mcast_startup_query_count STARTUP_QUERY_COUNT ] [ mcast_last_member_interval
              LAST_MEMBER_INTERVAL ] [ mcast_membership_interval MEMBERSHIP_INTERVAL ] [
              mcast_querier_interval QUERIER_INTERVAL ] [ mcast_query_interval QUERY_INTERVAL ] [
              mcast_query_response_interval QUERY_RESPONSE_INTERVAL ] [
              mcast_startup_query_interval STARTUP_QUERY_INTERVAL ] [ mcast_stats_enabled
              MCAST_STATS_ENABLED ] [ mcast_igmp_version IGMP_VERSION ] [ mcast_mld_version
              MLD_VERSION ] [ nf_call_iptables NF_CALL_IPTABLES ] [ nf_call_ip6tables
              NF_CALL_IP6TABLES ] [ nf_call_arptables NF_CALL_ARPTABLES ]

                      ageing_time AGEING_TIME - configure the bridge's FDB entries ageing time,
                      ie the number of seconds a MAC address will be kept in the FDB after a
                      packet has been received from that address. after this time has passed,
                      entries are cleaned up.

                      group_fwd_mask MASK - set the group forward mask. This is the bitmask that
                      is applied to decide whether to forward incoming frames destined to link-
                      local addresses, ie addresses of the form 01:80:C2:00:00:0X (defaults to 0,
                      ie the bridge does not forward any link-local frames).

                      group_address ADDRESS - set the MAC address of the multicast group this
                      bridge uses for STP.  The address must be a link-local address in standard
                      Ethernet MAC address format, ie an address of the form 01:80:C2:00:00:0X,
                      with X
                       in [0, 4..f].

                      forward_delay FORWARD_DELAY - set the forwarding delay in seconds, ie the
                      time spent in LISTENING state (before moving to LEARNING) and in LEARNING
                      state (before moving to FORWARDING). Only relevant if STP is enabled. Valid
                      values are between 2 and 30.

                      hello_time HELLO_TIME - set the time in seconds between hello packets sent
                      by the bridge, when it is a root bridge or a designated bridges.  Only
                      relevant if STP is enabled. Valid values are between 1 and 10.

                      max_age MAX_AGE - set the hello packet timeout, ie the time in seconds
                      until another bridge in the spanning tree is assumed to be dead, after
                      reception of its last hello message. Only relevant if STP is enabled. Valid
                      values are between 6 and 40.

                      stp_state STP_STATE - turn spanning tree protocol on (STP_STATE > 0) or off
                      (STP_STATE == 0).  for this bridge.

                      priority PRIORITY - set this bridge's spanning tree priority, used during
                      STP root bridge election.  PRIORITY is a 16bit unsigned integer.

                      vlan_filtering VLAN_FILTERING - turn VLAN filtering on (VLAN_FILTERING > 0)
                      or off (VLAN_FILTERING == 0).  When disabled, the bridge will not consider
                      the VLAN tag when handling packets.

                      vlan_protocol { 802.1Q | 802.1ad } - set the protocol used for VLAN
                      filtering.

                      vlan_default_pvid VLAN_DEFAULT_PVID - set the default PVID (native/untagged
                      VLAN ID) for this bridge.

                      vlan_stats_enabled VLAN_STATS_ENABLED - enable (VLAN_STATS_ENABLED == 1) or
                      disable (VLAN_STATS_ENABLED == 0) per-VLAN stats accounting.

                      vlan_stats_per_port VLAN_STATS_PER_PORT - enable (VLAN_STATS_PER_PORT == 1)
                      or disable (VLAN_STATS_PER_PORT == 0) per-VLAN per-port stats accounting.
                      Can be changed only when there are no port VLANs configured.

                      mcast_snooping MULTICAST_SNOOPING - turn multicast snooping on
                      (MULTICAST_SNOOPING > 0) or off (MULTICAST_SNOOPING == 0).

                      mcast_router MULTICAST_ROUTER - set bridge's multicast router if IGMP
                      snooping is enabled.  MULTICAST_ROUTER is an integer value having the
                      following meaning:

                              0 - disabled.

                              1 - automatic (queried).

                              2 - permanently enabled.

                      mcast_query_use_ifaddr MCAST_QUERY_USE_IFADDR - whether to use the bridge's
                      own IP address as source address for IGMP queries (MCAST_QUERY_USE_IFADDR >
                      0) or the default of 0.0.0.0 (MCAST_QUERY_USE_IFADDR == 0).

                      mcast_querier MULTICAST_QUERIER - enable (MULTICAST_QUERIER > 0) or disable
                      (MULTICAST_QUERIER == 0) IGMP querier, ie sending of multicast queries by
                      the bridge (default: disabled).

                      mcast_querier_interval QUERIER_INTERVAL - interval between queries sent by
                      other routers. if no queries are seen after this delay has passed, the
                      bridge will start to send its own queries (as if mcast_querier was
                      enabled).

                      mcast_hash_elasticity HASH_ELASTICITY - set multicast database hash
                      elasticity, ie the maximum chain length in the multicast hash table
                      (defaults to 4).

                      mcast_hash_max HASH_MAX - set maximum size of multicast hash table
                      (defaults to 512, value must be a power of 2).

                      mcast_last_member_count LAST_MEMBER_COUNT - set multicast last member
                      count, ie the number of queries the bridge will send before stopping
                      forwarding a multicast group after a "leave" message has been received
                      (defaults to 2).

                      mcast_last_member_interval LAST_MEMBER_INTERVAL - interval between queries
                      to find remaining members of a group, after a "leave" message is received.

                      mcast_startup_query_count STARTUP_QUERY_COUNT - set the number of IGMP
                      queries to send during startup phase (defaults to 2).

                      mcast_startup_query_interval STARTUP_QUERY_INTERVAL - interval between
                      queries in the startup phase.

                      mcast_query_interval QUERY_INTERVAL - interval between queries sent by the
                      bridge after the end of the startup phase.

                      mcast_query_response_interval QUERY_RESPONSE_INTERVAL - set the Max
                      Response Time/Maximum Response Delay for IGMP/MLD queries sent by the
                      bridge.

                      mcast_membership_interval MEMBERSHIP_INTERVAL - delay after which the
                      bridge will leave a group, if no membership reports for this group are
                      received.

                      mcast_stats_enabled MCAST_STATS_ENABLED - enable (MCAST_STATS_ENABLED > 0)
                      or disable (MCAST_STATS_ENABLED == 0) multicast (IGMP/MLD) stats
                      accounting.

                      mcast_igmp_version IGMP_VERSION - set the IGMP version.

                      mcast_mld_version MLD_VERSION - set the MLD version.

                      nf_call_iptables NF_CALL_IPTABLES - enable (NF_CALL_IPTABLES > 0) or
                      disable (NF_CALL_IPTABLES == 0) iptables hooks on the bridge.

                      nf_call_ip6tables NF_CALL_IP6TABLES - enable (NF_CALL_IP6TABLES > 0) or
                      disable (NF_CALL_IP6TABLES == 0) ip6tables hooks on the bridge.

                      nf_call_arptables NF_CALL_ARPTABLES - enable (NF_CALL_ARPTABLES > 0) or
                      disable (NF_CALL_ARPTABLES == 0) arptables hooks on the bridge.

       MACsec Type Support
              For a link of type MACsec the following additional arguments are supported:

              ip link add link DEVICE name NAME type macsec [ [ address <lladdr> ] port PORT |
              sci SCI ] [ cipher CIPHER_SUITE ] [ icvlen { 8..16 } ] [ encrypt { on | off } ] [
              send_sci { on | off } ] [ end_station { on | off } ] [ scb { on | off } ] [ protect
              { on | off } ] [ replay { on | off } window { 0..2^32-1 } ] [ validate { strict |
              check | disabled } ] [ encodingsa { 0..3 } ]

                      address <lladdr> - sets the system identifier component of secure channel
                      for this MACsec device.

                      port PORT - sets the port number component of secure channel for this
                      MACsec device, in a range from 1 to 65535 inclusive. Numbers with a leading
                      " 0 " or " 0x " are interpreted as octal and hexadecimal, respectively.

                      sci SCI - sets the secure channel identifier for this MACsec device.  SCI
                      is a 64bit wide number in hexadecimal format.

                      cipher CIPHER_SUITE - defines the cipher suite to use.

                      icvlen LENGTH - sets the length of the Integrity Check Value (ICV).

                      encrypt on or encrypt off - switches between authenticated encryption, or
                      authenticity mode only.

                      send_sci on or send_sci off - specifies whether the SCI is included in
                      every packet, or only when it is necessary.

                      end_station on or end_station off - sets the End Station bit.

                      scb on or scb off - sets the Single Copy Broadcast bit.

                      protect on or protect off - enables MACsec protection on the device.

                      replay on or replay off - enables replay protection on the device.

                              window SIZE - sets the size of the replay window.

                      validate strict or validate check or validate disabled - sets the
                      validation mode on the device.

                      encodingsa AN - sets the active secure association for transmission.

       VRF Type Support
              For a link of type VRF the following additional arguments are supported:

              ip link add DEVICE type vrf table TABLE

                      table table id associated with VRF device

       RMNET Type Support
              For a link of type RMNET the following additional arguments are supported:

              ip link add link DEVICE name NAME type rmnet mux_id MUXID

                      mux_id MUXID - specifies the mux identifier for the rmnet device, possible
                      values 1-254.

       XFRM Type Support
              For a link of type XFRM the following additional arguments are supported:

              ip link add DEVICE type xfrm dev PHYS_DEV [ if_id IF_ID ]

                      dev PHYS_DEV - specifies the underlying physical interface from which
                      transform traffic is sent and received.

                      if_id IF-ID - specifies the hexadecimal lookup key used to send traffic to
                      and from specific xfrm policies. Policies must be configured with the same
                      key. If not set, the key defaults to 0 and will match any policies which
                      similarly do not have a lookup key configuration.

   ip link delete - delete virtual link
       dev DEVICE
              specifies the virtual device to act operate on.

       group GROUP
              specifies the group of virtual links to delete. Group 0 is not allowed to be
              deleted since it is the default group.

       type TYPE
              specifies the type of the device.

   ip link set - change device attributes
       Warning: If multiple parameter changes are requested, ip aborts immediately after any of
       the changes have failed.  This is the only case when ip can move the system to an
       unpredictable state. The solution is to avoid changing several parameters with one ip link
       set call.  The modifier change is equivalent to set.

       dev DEVICE
              DEVICE specifies network device to operate on. When configuring SR-IOV Virtual
              Function (VF) devices, this keyword should specify the associated Physical Function
              (PF) device.

       group GROUP
              GROUP has a dual role: If both group and dev are present, then move the device to
              the specified group. If only a group is specified, then the command operates on all
              devices in that group.

       up and down
              change the state of the device to UP or DOWN.

       arp on or arp off
              change the NOARP flag on the device.

       multicast on or multicast off
              change the MULTICAST flag on the device.

       protodown on or protodown off
              change the PROTODOWN state on the device. Indicates that a protocol error has been
              detected on the port. Switch drivers can react to this error by doing a phys down
              on the switch port.

       dynamic on or dynamic off
              change the DYNAMIC flag on the device. Indicates that address can change when
              interface goes down (currently NOT used by the Linux).

       name NAME
              change the name of the device. This operation is not recommended if the device is
              running or has some addresses already configured.

       txqueuelen NUMBER

       txqlen NUMBER
              change the transmit queue length of the device.

       mtu NUMBER
              change the MTU of the device.

       address LLADDRESS
              change the station address of the interface.

       broadcast LLADDRESS

       brd LLADDRESS

       peer LLADDRESS
              change the link layer broadcast address or the peer address when the interface is
              POINTOPOINT.

       netns NETNSNAME | PID
              move the device to the network namespace associated with name NETNSNAME or process
              PID.

              Some devices are not allowed to change network namespace: loopback, bridge,
              wireless. These are network namespace local devices. In such case ip tool will
              return "Invalid argument" error. It is possible to find out if device is local to a
              single network namespace by checking netns-local flag in the output of the ethtool:

                      ethtool -k DEVICE

              To change network namespace for wireless devices the iw tool can be used. But it
              allows to change network namespace only for physical devices and by process PID.

       alias NAME
              give the device a symbolic name for easy reference.

       group GROUP
              specify the group the device belongs to.  The available groups are listed in file
              /etc/iproute2/group.

       vf NUM specify a Virtual Function device to be configured. The associated PF device must
              be specified using the dev parameter.

                      mac LLADDRESS - change the station address for the specified VF. The vf
                      parameter must be specified.

                      vlan VLANID - change the assigned VLAN for the specified VF. When
                      specified, all traffic sent from the VF will be tagged with the specified
                      VLAN ID. Incoming traffic will be filtered for the specified VLAN ID, and
                      will have all VLAN tags stripped before being passed to the VF. Setting
                      this parameter to 0 disables VLAN tagging and filtering. The vf parameter
                      must be specified.

                      qos VLAN-QOS - assign VLAN QOS (priority) bits for the VLAN tag. When
                      specified, all VLAN tags transmitted by the VF will include the specified
                      priority bits in the VLAN tag. If not specified, the value is assumed to be
                      0. Both the vf and vlan parameters must be specified. Setting both vlan and
                      qos as 0 disables VLAN tagging and filtering for the VF.

                      proto VLAN-PROTO - assign VLAN PROTOCOL for the VLAN tag, either 802.1Q or
                      802.1ad.  Setting to 802.1ad, all traffic sent from the VF will be tagged
                      with VLAN S-Tag.  Incoming traffic will have VLAN S-Tags stripped before
                      being passed to the VF.  Setting to 802.1ad also enables an option to
                      concatenate another VLAN tag, so both S-TAG and C-TAG will be
                      inserted/stripped for outgoing/incoming traffic, respectively.  If not
                      specified, the value is assumed to be 802.1Q. Both the vf and vlan
                      parameters must be specified.

                      rate TXRATE -- change the allowed transmit bandwidth, in Mbps, for the
                      specified VF.  Setting this parameter to 0 disables rate limiting.  vf
                      parameter must be specified.  Please use new API max_tx_rate option
                      instead.

                      max_tx_rate TXRATE - change the allowed maximum transmit bandwidth, in
                      Mbps, for the specified VF.  Setting this parameter to 0 disables rate
                      limiting.  vf parameter must be specified.

                      min_tx_rate TXRATE - change the allowed minimum transmit bandwidth, in
                      Mbps, for the specified VF.  Minimum TXRATE should be always <= Maximum
                      TXRATE.  Setting this parameter to 0 disables rate limiting.  vf parameter
                      must be specified.

                      spoofchk on|off - turn packet spoof checking on or off for the specified
                      VF.

                      query_rss on|off - toggle the ability of querying the RSS configuration of
                      a specific
                        VF. VF RSS information like RSS hash key may be considered sensitive
                        on some devices where this information is shared between VF and PF
                        and thus its querying may be prohibited by default.

                      state auto|enable|disable - set the virtual link state as seen by the
                      specified VF. Setting to auto means a reflection of the PF link state,
                      enable lets the VF to communicate with other VFs on this host even if the
                      PF link state is down, disable causes the HW to drop any packets sent by
                      the VF.

                      trust on|off - trust the specified VF user. This enables that VF user can
                      set a specific feature which may impact security and/or performance. (e.g.
                      VF multicast promiscuous mode)

                      node_guid eui64 - configure node GUID for Infiniband VFs.

                      port_guid eui64 - configure port GUID for Infiniband VFs.

       xdp object | pinned | off
              set (or unset) a XDP ("eXpress Data Path") BPF program to run on every packet at
              driver level.  ip link output will indicate a xdp flag for the networking device.
              If the driver does not have native XDP support, the kernel will fall back to a
              slower, driver-independent "generic" XDP variant. The ip link output will in that
              case indicate xdpgeneric instead of xdp only. If the driver does have native XDP
              support, but the program is loaded under xdpgeneric object | pinned then the kernel
              will use the generic XDP variant instead of the native one.  xdpdrv has the
              opposite effect of requestsing that the automatic fallback to the generic XDP
              variant be disabled and in case driver is not XDP-capable error should be returned.
              xdpdrv also disables hardware offloads.  xdpoffload in ip link output indicates
              that the program has been offloaded to hardware and can also be used to request the
              "offload" mode, much like xdpgeneric it forces program to be installed specifically
              in HW/FW of the apater.

              off (or none ) - Detaches any currently attached XDP/BPF program from the given
              device.

              object FILE - Attaches a XDP/BPF program to the given device. The FILE points to a
              BPF ELF file (f.e. generated by LLVM) that contains the BPF program code, map
              specifications, etc. If a XDP/BPF program is already attached to the given device,
              an error will be thrown. If no XDP/BPF program is currently attached, the device
              supports XDP and the program from the BPF ELF file passes the kernel verifier, then
              it will be attached to the device. If the option -force is passed to ip then any
              prior attached XDP/BPF program will be atomically overridden and no error will be
              thrown in this case. If no section option is passed, then the default section name
              ("prog") will be assumed, otherwise the provided section name will be used. If no
              verbose option is passed, then a verifier log will only be dumped on load error.
              See also EXAMPLES section for usage examples.

              section NAME - Specifies a section name that contains the BPF program code. If no
              section name is specified, the default one ("prog") will be used. This option is to
              be passed with the object option.

              verbose - Act in verbose mode. For example, even in case of success, this will
              print the verifier log in case a program was loaded from a BPF ELF file.

              pinned FILE - Attaches a XDP/BPF program to the given device. The FILE points to an
              already pinned BPF program in the BPF file system. The option section doesn't apply
              here, but otherwise semantics are the same as with the option object described
              already.

       master DEVICE
              set master device of the device (enslave device).

       nomaster
              unset master device of the device (release device).

       addrgenmode eui64|none|stable_secret|random
              set the IPv6 address generation mode

              eui64 - use a Modified EUI-64 format interface identifier

              none - disable automatic address generation

              stable_secret - generate the interface identifier based on a preset
                /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/{default,DEVICE}/stable_secret

              random - like stable_secret, but auto-generate a new random secret if none is set

       link-netnsid
              set peer netnsid for a cross-netns interface

       type ETYPE TYPE_ARGS
              Change type-specific settings. For a list of supported types and arguments refer to
              the description of ip link add above. In addition to that, it is possible to
              manipulate settings to slave devices:

       Bridge Slave Support
              For a link with master bridge the following additional arguments are supported:

              ip link set type bridge_slave [ fdb_flush ] [ state STATE ] [ priority PRIO ] [
              cost COST ] [ guard { on | off } ] [ hairpin { on | off } ] [ fastleave { on | off
              } ] [ root_block { on | off } ] [ learning { on | off } ] [ flood { on | off } ] [
              proxy_arp { on | off } ] [ proxy_arp_wifi { on | off } ] [ mcast_router
              MULTICAST_ROUTER ] [ mcast_fast_leave { on | off} ] [ mcast_flood { on | off } ] [
              mcast_to_unicast { on | off } ] [ group_fwd_mask MASK ] [ neigh_suppress { on | off
              } ] [ vlan_tunnel { on | off } ] [ isolated { on | off } ] [ backup_port DEVICE ] [
              nobackup_port ]

                      fdb_flush - flush bridge slave's fdb dynamic entries.

                      state STATE - Set port state.  STATE is a number representing the following
                      states: 0 (disabled), 1 (listening), 2 (learning), 3 (forwarding), 4
                      (blocking).

                      priority PRIO - set port priority (allowed values are between 0 and 63,
                      inclusively).

                      cost COST - set port cost (allowed values are between 1 and 65535,
                      inclusively).

                      guard { on | off } - block incoming BPDU packets on this port.

                      hairpin { on | off } - enable hairpin mode on this port. This will allow
                      incoming packets on this port to be reflected back.

                      fastleave { on | off } - enable multicast fast leave on this port.

                      root_block { on | off } - block this port from becoming the bridge's root
                      port.

                      learning { on | off } - allow MAC address learning on this port.

                      flood { on | off } - open the flood gates on this port, i.e. forward all
                      unicast frames to this port also. Requires proxy_arp and proxy_arp_wifi to
                      be turned off.

                      proxy_arp { on | off } - enable proxy ARP on this port.

                      proxy_arp_wifi { on | off } - enable proxy ARP on this port which meets
                      extended requirements by IEEE 802.11 and Hotspot 2.0 specifications.

                      mcast_router MULTICAST_ROUTER - configure this port for having multicast
                      routers attached. A port with a multicast router will receive all multicast
                      traffic.  MULTICAST_ROUTER may be either 0 to disable multicast routers on
                      this port, 1 to let the system detect the presence of of routers (this is
                      the default), 2 to permanently enable multicast traffic forwarding on this
                      port or 3 to enable multicast routers temporarily on this port, not
                      depending on incoming queries.

                      mcast_fast_leave { on | off } - this is a synonym to the fastleave option
                      above.

                      mcast_flood { on | off } - controls whether a given port will flood
                      multicast traffic for which
                        there is no MDB entry.

                      mcast_to_unicast { on | off } - controls whether a given port will
                      replicate packets using unicast
                        instead of multicast. By default this flag is off.

                      group_fwd_mask MASK - set the group forward mask. This is the bitmask that
                      is applied to decide whether to forward incoming frames destined to link-
                      local addresses, ie addresses of the form 01:80:C2:00:00:0X (defaults to 0,
                      ie the bridge does not forward any link-local frames coming on this port).

                      neigh_suppress { on | off } - controls whether neigh discovery (arp and nd)
                      proxy and suppression is enabled on the port. By default this flag is off.

                      vlan_tunnel { on | off } - controls whether vlan to tunnel mapping is
                      enabled on the port. By default this flag is off.

                      backup_port DEVICE - if the port loses carrier all traffic will be
                      redirected to the configured backup port

                      nobackup_port - removes the currently configured backup port

       Bonding Slave Support
              For a link with master bond the following additional arguments are supported:

              ip link set type bond_slave [ queue_id ID ]

                      queue_id ID - set the slave's queue ID (a 16bit unsigned value).

       MACVLAN and MACVTAP Support
              Modify list of allowed macaddr for link in source mode.

              ip link set type { macvlan | macvap } [ macaddr COMMAND MACADDR ...  ]

              Commands:
                      add - add MACADDR to allowed list

                      set - replace allowed list

                      del - remove MACADDR from allowed list

                      flush - flush whole allowed list

   ip link show - display device attributes
       dev NAME (default)
              NAME specifies the network device to show.

       group GROUP
              GROUP specifies what group of devices to show.

       up     only display running interfaces.

       master DEVICE
              DEVICE specifies the master device which enslaves devices to show.

       vrf NAME
              NAME speficies the VRF which enslaves devices to show.

       type TYPE
              TYPE specifies the type of devices to show.

              Note that the type name is not checked against the list of supported types -
              instead it is sent as-is to the kernel. Later it is used to filter the returned
              interface list by comparing it with the relevant attribute in case the kernel
              didn't filter already. Therefore any string is accepted, but may lead to empty
              output.

   ip link xstats - display extended statistics
       type TYPE
              TYPE specifies the type of devices to display extended statistics for.

   ip link afstats - display address-family specific statistics
       dev DEVICE
              DEVICE specifies the device to display address-family statistics for.

   ip link help - display help
       TYPE specifies which help of link type to dislpay.

   GROUP
       may be a number or a string from the file /etc/iproute2/group which can be manually
       filled.

EXAMPLES

       ip link show
           Shows the state of all network interfaces on the system.

       ip link show type bridge
           Shows the bridge devices.

       ip link show type vlan
           Shows the vlan devices.

       ip link show master br0
           Shows devices enslaved by br0

       ip link set dev ppp0 mtu 1400
           Change the MTU the ppp0 device.

       ip link add link eth0 name eth0.10 type vlan id 10
           Creates a new vlan device eth0.10 on device eth0.

       ip link delete dev eth0.10
           Removes vlan device.

       ip link help gre
           Display help for the gre link type.

       ip link add name tun1 type ipip remote 192.168.1.1 local 192.168.1.2 ttl 225 encap gue
       encap-sport auto encap-dport 5555 encap-csum encap-remcsum
           Creates an IPIP that is encapsulated with Generic UDP Encapsulation, and the outer UDP
           checksum and remote checksum offload are enabled.

       ip link set dev eth0 xdp obj prog.o
           Attaches a XDP/BPF program to device eth0, where the program is located in prog.o,
           section "prog" (default section). In case a XDP/BPF program is already attached, throw
           an error.

       ip -force link set dev eth0 xdp obj prog.o sec foo
           Attaches a XDP/BPF program to device eth0, where the program is located in prog.o,
           section "foo". In case a XDP/BPF program is already attached, it will be overridden by
           the new one.

       ip -force link set dev eth0 xdp pinned /sys/fs/bpf/foo
           Attaches a XDP/BPF program to device eth0, where the program was previously pinned as
           an object node into BPF file system under name foo.

       ip link set dev eth0 xdp off
           If a XDP/BPF program is attached on device eth0, detach it and effectively turn off
           XDP for device eth0.

       ip link add link wpan0 lowpan0 type lowpan
           Creates a 6LoWPAN interface named lowpan0 on the underlying IEEE 802.15.4 device
           wpan0.

       ip link add dev ip6erspan11 type ip6erspan seq key 102 local fc00:100::2 remote
       fc00:100::1 erspan_ver 2 erspan_dir ingress erspan_hwid 17
           Creates a IP6ERSPAN version 2 interface named ip6erspan00.

SEE ALSO

       ip(8), ip-netns(8), ethtool(8), iptables(8)

AUTHOR

       Original Manpage by Michail Litvak <mci@owl.openwall.com>