Provided by: passwd_4.8.1-1ubuntu5.20.04.5_amd64 bug

NOME

       usermod - modifica l'account di un utente

SINOSSI

       usermod [opzioni] LOGIN

DESCRIZIONE

       The usermod command modifies the system account files to reflect the changes that are
       specified on the command line.

OPZIONI

       The options which apply to the usermod command are:

       -a, --append
           Add the user to the supplementary group(s). Use only with the -G option.

       -b, --badnames
           Allow names that do not conform to standards.

       -c, --comment COMMENT
           The new value of the user's password file comment field. It is normally modified using
           the chfn(1) utility.

       -d, --home HOME_DIR
           La nuova directory home dell'utente.

           If the -m option is given, the contents of the current home directory will be moved to
           the new home directory, which is created if it does not already exist.

       -e, --expiredate EXPIRE_DATE
           The date on which the user account will be disabled. The date is specified in the
           format YYYY-MM-DD.

           An empty EXPIRE_DATE argument will disable the expiration of the account.

           This option requires a /etc/shadow file. A /etc/shadow entry will be created if there
           were none.

       -f, --inactive INACTIVE
           Il numero di giorni dopo la scadenza di una password prima che l'account venga
           disabilitato permanentemente.

           Il valore 0 disabilita l'account non appena la password è scaduta, e il valore -1
           disabilita questa funzionalità.

           This option requires a /etc/shadow file. A /etc/shadow entry will be created if there
           were none.

       -g, --gid GROUP
           Il nome o numero del gruppo da assegnare alla connessione dell'utente. Il gruppo deve
           esistere.

           Tutti i file nella directory home dell'utente che hanno come gruppo il precedente
           gruppo primario dell'utente stesso verranno modificati perché abbiano questo nuovo
           gruppo.

           Il gruppo dei file che si trovano all'esterno della directory home dell'utente andrà
           modificato manualmente.

       -G, --groups GROUP1[,GROUP2,...[,GROUPN]]]
           A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of. Each group is
           separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace. The groups are
           subject to the same restrictions as the group given with the -g option.

           If the user is currently a member of a group which is not listed, the user will be
           removed from the group. This behaviour can be changed via the -a option, which appends
           the user to the current supplementary group list.

       -l, --login NEW_LOGIN
           The name of the user will be changed from LOGIN to NEW_LOGIN. Nothing else is changed.
           In particular, the user's home directory or mail spool should probably be renamed
           manually to reflect the new login name.

       -L, --lock
           Lock a user's password. This puts a '!' in front of the encrypted password,
           effectively disabling the password. You can't use this option with -p or -U.

           Note: if you wish to lock the account (not only access with a password), you should
           also set the EXPIRE_DATE to 1.

       -m, --move-home
           Sposta il contenuto della directory home di un utente nella nuova posizione.

           This option is only valid in combination with the -d (or --home) option.

           usermod will try to adapt the ownership of the files and to copy the modes, ACL and
           extended attributes, but manual changes might be needed afterwards.

       -o, --non-unique
           When used with the -u option, this option allows to change the user ID to a non-unique
           value.

       -p, --password PASSWORD
           The encrypted password, as returned by crypt(3).

           Note: This option is not recommended because the password (or encrypted password) will
           be visible by users listing the processes.

           The password will be written in the local /etc/passwd or /etc/shadow file. This might
           differ from the password database configured in your PAM configuration.

           Ci si deve accertare che la password rispetti le norme delle password del sistema.

       -R, --root CHROOT_DIR
           Apply changes in the CHROOT_DIR directory and use the configuration files from the
           CHROOT_DIR directory.

       -P, --prefix PREFIX_DIR
           Apply changes in the PREFIX_DIR directory and use the configuration files from the
           PREFIX_DIR directory. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a
           cross-compilation target. Some limitations: NIS and LDAP users/groups are not
           verified. PAM authentication is using the host files. No SELINUX support.

       -s, --shell SHELL
           Il nome della nuova shell di login dell'utente. Lasciando questo campo vuoto si fa in
           modo che il sistema selezioni la shell di login predefinita.

       -u, --uid UID
           Il nuovo valore numerico dell'ID utente.

           This value must be unique, unless the -o option is used. The value must be
           non-negative.

           La casella di posta dell'utente e ogni altro file di proprietà dell'utente che si
           trovi all'interno della directory home avrà l'ID utente cambiato automaticamente.

           La proprietà dei file esterni alla directory home dell'utente va corretta manualmente.

           No checks will be performed with regard to the UID_MIN, UID_MAX, SYS_UID_MIN, or
           SYS_UID_MAX from /etc/login.defs.

       -U, --unlock
           Unlock a user's password. This removes the '!' in front of the encrypted password. You
           can't use this option with -p or -L.

           Note: if you wish to unlock the account (not only access with a password), you should
           also set the EXPIRE_DATE (for example to 99999, or to the EXPIRE value from
           /etc/default/useradd).

       -v, --add-subuids FIRST-LAST
           Add a range of subordinate uids to the user's account.

           This option may be specified multiple times to add multiple ranges to a users account.

           No checks will be performed with regard to SUB_UID_MIN, SUB_UID_MAX, or SUB_UID_COUNT
           from /etc/login.defs.

       -V, --del-subuids FIRST-LAST
           Remove a range of subordinate uids from the user's account.

           This option may be specified multiple times to remove multiple ranges to a users
           account. When both --del-subuids and --add-subuids are specified, the removal of all
           subordinate uid ranges happens before any subordinate uid range is added.

           No checks will be performed with regard to SUB_UID_MIN, SUB_UID_MAX, or SUB_UID_COUNT
           from /etc/login.defs.

       -w, --add-subgids FIRST-LAST
           Add a range of subordinate gids to the user's account.

           This option may be specified multiple times to add multiple ranges to a users account.

           No checks will be performed with regard to SUB_GID_MIN, SUB_GID_MAX, or SUB_GID_COUNT
           from /etc/login.defs.

       -W, --del-subgids FIRST-LAST
           Remove a range of subordinate gids from the user's account.

           This option may be specified multiple times to remove multiple ranges to a users
           account. When both --del-subgids and --add-subgids are specified, the removal of all
           subordinate gid ranges happens before any subordinate gid range is added.

           No checks will be performed with regard to SUB_GID_MIN, SUB_GID_MAX, or SUB_GID_COUNT
           from /etc/login.defs.

       -Z, --selinux-user SEUSER
           Il nuovo utente SELinux per il login dell'utente.

           A blank SEUSER will remove the SELinux user mapping for user LOGIN (if any).

AVVISI/CAVEAT

       You must make certain that the named user is not executing any processes when this command
       is being executed if the user's numerical user ID, the user's name, or the user's home
       directory is being changed.  usermod checks this on Linux. On other platforms it only uses
       utmp to check if the user is logged in.

       You must change the owner of any crontab files or at jobs manually.

       Si devono apportare tutte le modifiche che riguardano NIS sul server NIS.

CONFIGURAZIONE

       The following configuration variables in /etc/login.defs change the behavior of this tool:

       LASTLOG_UID_MAX (number)
           Highest user ID number for which the lastlog entries should be updated. As higher user
           IDs are usually tracked by remote user identity and authentication services there is
           no need to create a huge sparse lastlog file for them.

           No LASTLOG_UID_MAX option present in the configuration means that there is no user ID
           limit for writing lastlog entries.

       MAIL_DIR (string)
           La directory di spool per la posta. Questa è necessaria per manipolare la casella di
           posta quando il corrispondente account utente viene modificato o cancellato. Se non è
           specificata viene utilizzato un valore impostato al momento della compilazione.

       MAIL_FILE (string)
           Imposta la posizione delle caselle di posta degli utenti relative alla loro directory
           home.

       The MAIL_DIR and MAIL_FILE variables are used by useradd, usermod, and userdel to create,
       move, or delete the user's mail spool.

       MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP (number)
           Maximum members per group entry. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line)
           is started in /etc/group (with the same name, same password, and same GID).

           Il valore predefinito è 0, che non pone nessun limite al numero di membri per gruppo.

           Questa opzione (dividi gruppo) permette di limitare la lunghezza delle righe nel file
           «group». Questo è utile per essere certi che le righe per gruppi NIS non eccedano i
           1024 caratteri.

           Se si deve impostare questo limite, si può usare 25.

           Nota: la divisione dei gruppi potrebbe non essere supportata da ogni strumento (anche
           all'interno del pacchetto Shadow). Non si dovrebbe utilizzare questa variabile a meno
           di esserci forzati.

       SUB_GID_MIN (number), SUB_GID_MAX (number), SUB_GID_COUNT (number)
           If /etc/subuid exists, the commands useradd and newusers (unless the user already have
           subordinate group IDs) allocate SUB_GID_COUNT unused group IDs from the range
           SUB_GID_MIN to SUB_GID_MAX for each new user.

           The default values for SUB_GID_MIN, SUB_GID_MAX, SUB_GID_COUNT are respectively
           100000, 600100000 and 65536.

       SUB_UID_MIN (number), SUB_UID_MAX (number), SUB_UID_COUNT (number)
           If /etc/subuid exists, the commands useradd and newusers (unless the user already have
           subordinate user IDs) allocate SUB_UID_COUNT unused user IDs from the range
           SUB_UID_MIN to SUB_UID_MAX for each new user.

           The default values for SUB_UID_MIN, SUB_UID_MAX, SUB_UID_COUNT are respectively
           100000, 600100000 and 65536.

FILE

       /etc/group
           Informazioni sugli account di gruppo.

       /etc/gshadow
           Informazioni sicure sugli account di gruppo.

       /etc/login.defs
           Configurazione del pacchetto password shadow

       /etc/passwd
           Informazioni sugli account utente.

       /etc/shadow
           Informazioni sicure sugli account utente.

       /etc/subgid
           Per user subordinate group IDs.

       /etc/subuid
           Per user subordinate user IDs.

VEDERE ANCHE

       chfn(1), chsh(1), passwd(1), crypt(3), gpasswd(8), groupadd(8), groupdel(8), groupmod(8),
       login.defs(5), subgid(5), subuid(5), useradd(8), userdel(8).