Provided by: dpkg-dev_1.19.7ubuntu3.2_all bug

NAME

       dpkg-buildpackage - build binary or source packages from sources

SYNOPSIS

       dpkg-buildpackage [option...]

DESCRIPTION

       dpkg-buildpackage is a program that automates the process of building a Debian package. It
       consists of the following steps:

       1. It prepares the  build  environment  by  setting  various  environment  variables  (see
          ENVIRONMENT),  runs  the  init hook, and calls dpkg-source --before-build (unless -T or
          --target has been used).

       2. It checks that the build-dependencies and build-conflicts are satisfied (unless  -d  or
          --no-check-builddeps is specified).

       3. If  one  or more specific targets have been selected with the -T or --target option, it
          calls those targets and stops here. Otherwise it  runs  the  preclean  hook  and  calls
          fakeroot  debian/rules  clean  to clean the build-tree (unless -nc or --no-pre-clean is
          specified).

       4. It runs the source hook and calls dpkg-source -b to generate the source package  (if  a
          source build has been requested with --build or equivalent options).

       5. It  runs  the build hook and calls debian/rules build-target, then runs the binary hook
          followed by fakeroot debian/rules binary-target (unless a source-only  build  has  been
          requested  with  --build=source  or  equivalent  options).   Note that build-target and
          binary-target are either build and binary (default case, or if an any and all build has
          been  requested  with --build or equivalent options), or build-arch and binary-arch (if
          an any and not all build has been requested with --build  or  equivalent  options),  or
          build-indep  and  binary-indep  (if  an  all  and not any build has been requested with
          --build or equivalent options).

       6. It runs the buildinfo hook and calls dpkg-genbuildinfo to generate a  .buildinfo  file.
          Several dpkg-buildpackage options are forwarded to dpkg-genbuildinfo.

       7. It  runs  the  changes hook and calls dpkg-genchanges to generate a .changes file.  The
          name of the .changes file will depend on the type of build and will be as  specific  as
          necessary  but  not  more;  for  a  build  that  includes  any the name will be source-
          name_binary-version_arch.changes, or otherwise for a build that includes all  the  name
          will  be source-name_binary-version_all.changes, or otherwise for a build that includes
          source   the   name   will    be    source-name_source-version_source.changes.     Many
          dpkg-buildpackage options are forwarded to dpkg-genchanges.

       8. It  runs  the  postclean  hook  and  if  -tc or --post-clean is specified, it will call
          fakeroot debian/rules clean again.

       9. It calls dpkg-source --after-build.

       10.
          It runs the check hook and calls a package checker for the .changes file (if a  command
          is specified in DEB_CHECK_COMMAND or with --check-command).

       11.
          It  runs the sign hook and calls gpg2 or gpg (as long as it is not an UNRELEASED build,
          or  --no-sign  is  specified)  to  sign  the  .dsc  file  (if  any,   unless   -us   or
          --unsigned-source is specified), the .buildinfo file (unless -ui, --unsigned-buildinfo,
          -uc  or  --unsigned-changes  is  specified)  and  the  .changes  file  (unless  -uc  or
          --unsigned-changes is specified).

       12.
          It runs the done hook.

OPTIONS

       All  long  options  can be specified both on the command line and in the dpkg-buildpackage
       system and user configuration files.  Each line in the configuration  file  is  either  an
       option  (exactly  the  same  as  the command line option but without leading hyphens) or a
       comment (if it starts with a ‘#’).

       --build=type
              Specifies the build type from a comma-separated  list  of  components  (since  dpkg
              1.18.5).  Passed to dpkg-genchanges.

              The allowed values are:

              source Builds  the  source  package.  Note: when using this value standalone and if
                     what you want is simply to (re-)build the source package from a clean source
                     tree,  using  dpkg-source  directly is always a better option as it does not
                     require any build dependencies to be installed which are otherwise needed to
                     be able to call the clean target.

              any    Builds the architecture specific binary packages.

              all    Builds the architecture independent binary packages.

              binary Builds  the  architecture specific and independent binary packages.  This is
                     an alias for any,all.

              full   Builds everything.  This is an alias for source,any,all, and the same as the
                     default case when no build option is specified.

       -g     Equivalent to --build=source,all (since dpkg 1.17.11).

       -G     Equivalent to --build=source,any (since dpkg 1.17.11).

       -b     Equivalent to --build=binary or --build=any,all.

       -B     Equivalent to --build=any.

       -A     Equivalent to --build=all.

       -S     Equivalent to --build=source.

       -F     Equivalent  to --build=full, --build=source,binary or --build=source,any,all (since
              dpkg 1.15.8).

       --target=target[,...]
       --target target[,...]
       -T, --rules-target=target[,...]
              Calls debian/rules target once per target specified, after having setup  the  build
              environment  (except for calling dpkg-source --before-build), and stops the package
              build process here (since dpkg 1.15.0, long option since dpkg 1.18.8,  multi-target
              support  since  dpkg  1.18.16).   If  --as-root  is also given, then the command is
              executed as root (see --root-command).  Note that known targets that  are  required
              to  be run as root do not need this option (i.e. the clean, binary, binary-arch and
              binary-indep targets).

       --as-root
              Only meaningful together with --target (since  dpkg  1.15.0).   Requires  that  the
              target be run with root rights.

       -si
       -sa
       -sd
       -vversion
       -Cchanges-description
       -m, --release-by=maintainer-address
       -e, --build-by=maintainer-address
              Passed unchanged to dpkg-genchanges. See its manual page.

       -a, --host-arch architecture
              Specify the Debian architecture we build for (long option since dpkg 1.17.17).  The
              architecture of the machine we build on is determined automatically,  and  is  also
              the default for the host machine.

       -t, --host-type gnu-system-type
              Specify  the GNU system type we build for (long option since dpkg 1.17.17).  It can
              be used in place of --host-arch or as a complement  to  override  the  default  GNU
              system type of the host Debian architecture.

       --target-arch architecture
              Specify  the  Debian  architecture  the  binaries  built will build for (since dpkg
              1.17.17).  The default value is the host machine.

       --target-type gnu-system-type
              Specify the GNU system type the binaries built will build for (since dpkg 1.17.17).
              It can be used in place of --target-arch or as a complement to override the default
              GNU system type of the target Debian architecture.

       -P, --build-profiles=profile[,...]
              Specify the profile(s) we build, as a comma-separated list (since dpkg 1.17.2, long
              option  since  dpkg  1.18.8).   The  default  behavior  is to build for no specific
              profile. Also sets them (as a  space  separated  list)  as  the  DEB_BUILD_PROFILES
              environment  variable  which  allows,  for  example, debian/rules files to use this
              information for conditional builds.

       -j, --jobs[=jobs|auto]
              Number of jobs allowed to be run simultaneously, number of jobs matching the number
              of online processors if auto is specified (since dpkg 1.17.10), or unlimited number
              if jobs is not specified, equivalent to the make(1) option of the same name  (since
              dpkg  1.14.7,  long  option  since  dpkg 1.18.8).  Will add itself to the MAKEFLAGS
              environment variable, which should cause all subsequent make invocations to inherit
              the  option,  thus  forcing the parallel setting on the packaging (and possibly the
              upstream build system if that uses make) regardless of their support  for  parallel
              builds,  which  might cause build failures.  Also adds parallel=jobs or parallel to
              the DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS environment variable which allows debian/rules files  to  use
              this  information  for  their  own  purposes.   The  -j  value  will  override  the
              parallel=jobs or parallel option in  the  DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS  environment  variable.
              Note that the auto value will get replaced by the actual number of currently active
              processors, and as such will not get propagated to any child process. If the number
              of online processors cannot be inferred then the code will fallback to using serial
              execution (since dpkg 1.18.15), although this should  only  happen  on  exotic  and
              unsupported systems.

       -J, --jobs-try[=jobs|auto]
              This option (since dpkg 1.18.2, long option since dpkg 1.18.8) is equivalent to the
              -j option except that it does not set the MAKEFLAGS environment  variable,  and  as
              such  it  is  safer  to use with any package including those that are not parallel-
              build safe.

              auto is the default behavior (since dpkg 1.18.11). Setting the number of jobs to  1
              will restore a serial behavior.

       -D, --check-builddeps
              Check  build  dependencies  and  conflicts; abort if unsatisfied (long option since
              dpkg 1.18.8).  This is the default behavior.

       -d, --no-check-builddeps
              Do not check build dependencies and conflicts (long option since dpkg 1.18.8).

       --ignore-builtin-builddeps
              Do not check built-in build dependencies and conflicts (since dpkg 1.18.2).   These
              are  the  distribution  specific  implicit build dependencies usually required in a
              build environment, the so called Build-Essential package set.

       --rules-requires-root
              Do not honor the Rules-Requires-Root field, falling  back  to  its  legacy  default
              value (since dpkg 1.19.1).

       -nc, --no-pre-clean
              Do  not  clean  the  source  tree  before building (long option since dpkg 1.18.8).
              Implies -b if nothing else has been selected among  -F,  -g,  -G,  -B,  -A  or  -S.
              Implies -d with -S (since dpkg 1.18.0).

       --pre-clean
              Clean  the  source  tree  before building (since dpkg 1.18.8).  This is the default
              behavior.

       -tc, --post-clean
              Clean the source  tree  (using  gain-root-command  debian/rules  clean)  after  the
              package has been built (long option since dpkg 1.18.8).

       --no-post-clean
              Do  not clean the source tree after the package has been built (since dpkg 1.19.1).
              This is the default behavior.

       -r, --root-command=gain-root-command
              When dpkg-buildpackage needs to execute part of  the  build  process  as  root,  it
              prefixes  the  command it executes with gain-root-command if one has been specified
              (long option since dpkg 1.18.8).  Otherwise, if none has been  specified,  fakeroot
              will be used by default, if the command is present.  gain-root-command should start
              with the name of a program on the PATH and will get as arguments the  name  of  the
              real  command  to  run  and  the  arguments  it should take.  gain-root-command can
              include parameters (they must be  space-separated)  but  no  shell  metacharacters.
              gain-root-command  might  typically  be fakeroot, sudo, super or really.  su is not
              suitable, since it can only invoke the user's shell  with  -c  instead  of  passing
              arguments individually to the command to be run.

       -R, --rules-file=rules-file
              Building  a Debian package usually involves invoking debian/rules as a command with
              several standard parameters (since dpkg 1.14.17, long option  since  dpkg  1.18.8).
              With  this  option  it's  possible  to  use another program invocation to build the
              package (it can include space separated parameters).  Alternatively it can be  used
              to  execute the standard rules file with another make program (for example by using
              /usr/local/bin/make -f debian/rules as rules-file).

       --check-command=check-command
              Command used to check the .changes file itself and any artifact built referenced in
              the  file (since dpkg 1.17.6).  The command should take the .changes pathname as an
              argument. This command will usually be lintian.

       --check-option=opt
              Pass  option  opt  to  the  check-command  specified  with   DEB_CHECK_COMMAND   or
              --check-command (since dpkg 1.17.6).  Can be used multiple times.

       --hook-hook-name=hook-command
              Set  the specified shell code hook-command as the hook hook-name, which will run at
              the times specified in the run steps (since dpkg 1.17.6).  The hooks will always be
              executed  even  if  the  following  action  is not performed (except for the binary
              hook).  All the hooks will run in the unpacked source directory.

              Note: Hooks can affect the  build  process,  and  cause  build  failures  if  their
              commands fail, so watch out for unintended consequences.

              The current hook-name supported are:

              init preclean source build binary buildinfo changes postclean check sign done

              The  hook-command supports the following substitution format string, which will get
              applied to it before execution:

              %%     A single % character.

              %a     A boolean value (0 or 1), representing whether the following action is being
                     performed.

              %p     The source package name.

              %v     The source package version.

              %s     The source package version (without the epoch).

              %u     The upstream version.

       --buildinfo-option=opt
              Pass  option  opt  to dpkg-genbuildinfo (since dpkg 1.18.11).  Can be used multiple
              times.

       -p, --sign-command=sign-command
              When dpkg-buildpackage needs to execute GPG to sign a source control (.dsc) file or
              a  .changes file it will run sign-command (searching the PATH if necessary) instead
              of gpg2 or gpg (long option since dpkg 1.18.8).   sign-command  will  get  all  the
              arguments  that  gpg2  or  gpg  would  have gotten. sign-command should not contain
              spaces or any other shell metacharacters.

       -k, --sign-key=key-id
              Specify a key-ID to use when signing packages (long option since dpkg 1.18.8).

       -us, --unsigned-source
              Do not sign the source package (long option since dpkg 1.18.8).

       -ui, --unsigned-buildinfo
              Do not sign the .buildinfo file (since dpkg 1.18.19).

       -uc, --unsigned-changes
              Do not sign the .buildinfo and .changes files (long option since dpkg 1.18.8).

       --no-sign
              Do not sign any file, this includes the source package, the .buildinfo file and the
              .changes file (since dpkg 1.18.20).

       --force-sign
              Force  the  signing  of the resulting files (since dpkg 1.17.0), regardless of -us,
              --unsigned-source, -ui,  --unsigned-buildinfo,  -uc,  --unsigned-changes  or  other
              internal heuristics.

       -sn
       -ss
       -sA
       -sk
       -su
       -sr
       -sK
       -sU
       -sR
       -i, --diff-ignore[=regex]
       -I, --tar-ignore[=pattern]
       -z, --compression-level=level
       -Z, --compression=compressor
              Passed unchanged to dpkg-source. See its manual page.

       --source-option=opt
              Pass option opt to dpkg-source (since dpkg 1.15.6).  Can be used multiple times.

       --changes-option=opt
              Pass  option  opt  to  dpkg-genchanges  (since  dpkg 1.15.6).  Can be used multiple
              times.

       --admindir=dir
       --admindir dir
              Change the location of the dpkg database (since dpkg 1.14.0).  The default location
              is /var/lib/dpkg.

       -?, --help
              Show the usage message and exit.

       --version
              Show the version and exit.

ENVIRONMENT

   External environment
       DEB_CHECK_COMMAND
              If  set,  it  will  be  used  as the command to check the .changes file (since dpkg
              1.17.6).  Overridden by the --check-command option.

       DEB_SIGN_KEYID
              If set, it will be used to sign the .changes and .dsc files  (since  dpkg  1.17.2).
              Overridden by the --sign-key option.

       DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS
              If  set,  it  will  contain a space-separated list of options that might affect the
              build process in debian/rules, and the behavior of some dpkg commands.

              With nocheck the DEB_CHECK_COMMAND variable will be ignored.  With  parallel=N  the
              parallel jobs will be set to N, overridden by the --jobs-try option.

       DEB_BUILD_PROFILES
              If  set, it will be used as the active build profile(s) for the package being built
              (since dpkg 1.17.2).  It is a space separated list of profile names.  Overridden by
              the -P option.

       DPKG_COLORS
              Sets  the  color mode (since dpkg 1.18.5).  The currently accepted values are: auto
              (default), always and never.

       DPKG_NLS
              If set, it will be used to decide whether to activate Native Language Support, also
              known  as internationalization (or i18n) support (since dpkg 1.19.0).  The accepted
              values are: 0 and 1 (default).

   Internal environment
       Even if dpkg-buildpackage exports some variables, debian/rules should not  rely  on  their
       presence  and  should  instead use the respective interface to retrieve the needed values,
       because that file is the main entry point to build  packages  and  running  it  standalone
       should be supported.

       DEB_BUILD_*
       DEB_HOST_*
       DEB_TARGET_*
              dpkg-architecture  is  called with the -a and -t parameters forwarded. Any variable
              that is output by its -s option is integrated in the build environment.

       DEB_RULES_REQUIRES_ROOT
              This variable is set to the value obtained from the  Rules-Requires-Root  field  or
              from   the   command-line.    When   set,   it  will  be  a  valid  value  for  the
              Rules-Requires-Root  field.   It  is  used  to  notify  debian/rules  whether   the
              rootless-builds.txt specification is supported.

       DEB_GAIN_ROOT_CMD
              This variable is set to gain-root-command when the field Rules-Requires-Root is set
              to a value different to no and binary-targets.

       SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH
              This variable is set to the Unix timestamp since the epoch of the latest  entry  in
              debian/changelog, if it is not already defined.

FILES

       /etc/dpkg/buildpackage.conf
              System wide configuration file

       $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/dpkg/buildpackage.conf or
       $HOME/.config/dpkg/buildpackage.conf
              User configuration file.

NOTES

   Compiler flags are no longer exported
       Between  dpkg  1.14.17  and  1.16.1,  dpkg-buildpackage  exported  compiler flags (CFLAGS,
       CXXFLAGS, FFLAGS, CPPFLAGS and LDFLAGS) with values as returned by  dpkg-buildflags.  This
       is no longer the case.

   Default build targets
       dpkg-buildpackage is using the build-arch and build-indep targets since dpkg 1.16.2. Those
       targets are thus mandatory. But to avoid breakages of  existing  packages,  and  ease  the
       transition,  if  the  source  package  does  not  build  both architecture independent and
       dependent binary packages (since dpkg 1.18.8) it will fallback to use the build target  if
       make -f debian/rules -qn build-target returns 2 as exit code.

BUGS

       It should be possible to specify spaces and shell metacharacters and initial arguments for
       gain-root-command and sign-command.

SEE ALSO

       dpkg-source(1), dpkg-architecture(1), dpkg-buildflags(1), dpkg-genbuildinfo(1),
       dpkg-genchanges(1), fakeroot(1), lintian(1), gpg2(1), gpg(1).