Provided by: mairix_0.24-2_amd64 bug

NAME

       mairix - index and search mail folders

SYNOPSIS

   Indexing
       mairix  [  -v|--verbose  ]  [  -p|--purge ] [ -f|--rcfile mairixrc ] [ -F|--fast-index ] [
       --force-hash-key-new-database hash ]

   Searching
       mairix [ -v|--verbose ] [ -f|--rcfile mairixrc ] [ -r|--raw-output ] [ -x|--excerpt-output
       ]  [  -H|--force-hardlinks  ]  [  -o|--mfolder mfolder ] [ -a|--augment ] [ -t|--threads ]
       search-patterns

   Other
       mairix [ -h|--help ]

       mairix [ -V|--version ]

       mairix [ -d|--dump ]

DESCRIPTION

       mairix indexes and searches a collection of email messages.  The  folders  containing  the
       messages  for indexing are defined in the configuration file.  The indexing stage produces
       a database file.  The database file provides  rapid  access  to  details  of  the  indexed
       messages  during  searching  operations.   A  search normally produces a folder (so-called
       mfolder) containing the matched messages.  However, a raw  mode  (-r)  exists  which  just
       lists the matched messages instead.

       It can operate with the following folder types

       *      maildir

       *      MH  (compatible  with the MH folder formats used by xmh, sylpheed, claws-mail, nnml
              (Gnus) and evolution)

       *      mbox (including mboxes that have been compressed with gzip or bzip2)

       *      IMAP: remote folders on an IMAP server

       If maildir or MH source folders are used, and a search outputs its matches to  an  mfolder
       in maildir or MH format, symbolic links are used to reference the original messages inside
       the mfolder.  However, if mbox folders are involved, copies of messages are made  instead.
       If  IMAP folders are used for both source results, IMAP server-side copies of messages are
       made. With IMAP source folders  and  any  other  type  of  results  folder,  messages  are
       downloaded  from the IMAP server to be written to the results folder. With an IMAP results
       folder and any other type of source folders, messages are uploaded to the IMAP  server  to
       be appended to the results folder.

OPTIONS

       mairix  decides  whether  indexing or searching is required by looking for the presence of
       any search-patterns on the command line.

   Special modes
       -h, --help
              Show usage summary and exit

       -V, --version
              Show program version and exit

       -d
              Dump the database's contents in human-readable form to stdout.

   General options
       -f mairixrc
       --rcfile mairixrc
              Specify an alternative configuration file to use.  The default  configuration  file
              is ~/.mairixrc.

       -v, --verbose
              Make the output more verbose

       -Q, --no-integrity-checks
              Normally  mairix  will  do  some  internal integrity tests on the database.  The -Q
              option removes these checks, making mairix run faster, but it will be  less  likely
              to detect internal problems if any bugs creep in.

              The nochecks directive in the rc file has the same effect.

       --unlock
              mairix  locks  its  database  file  during  any  indexing or searching operation to
              prevent multiple indexing runs interfering with each  other,  or  an  indexing  run
              interfering  with  search  runs.   The  --unlock option removes the lockfile before
              doing the requested indexing or searching operation.  This is a convenient  way  of
              cleaning  up  a  stale  lockfile  if  an earlier run crashed for some reason or was
              aborted.

   Indexing options
       -p, --purge
              Cause stale (dead) messages to be purged from the database during an indexing  run.
              (Normally,  stale  messages are left in the database because of the additional cost
              of compacting away the storage that they take up.)

       -F, --fast-index
              When processing maildir and MH folders, mairix normally compares the mtime and size
              of  each  message against the values stored in the database.  If they have changed,
              the message will be rescanned.   This  check  requires  each  message  file  to  be
              stat'ed.   For  large  numbers  of  messages  in  these folder types, this can be a
              sizeable overhead.

              This option tells mairix to assume that when a message currently on-disc has a name
              matching one already in the database, it should assume the message is unchanged.

              A  later  indexing  run without using this option will fix up any rescans that were
              missed due to its use.

       --force-hash-key-new-database hash
              This option should only be used for debugging.
              If a new database is created, hash is used as hash key, instead of a random hash.

   Search options
       -a, --augment
              Append newly matches messages to  the  current  mfolder  instead  of  creating  the
              mfolder from scratch.

       -t, --threads
              As  well  as  returning the matched messages, also return every message in the same
              thread as one of the real matches.

       -r, --raw-output
              Instead of creating an mfolder containing the matched  messages,  just  show  their
              paths on stdout.

       -x, --excerpt-output
              Instead  of creating an mfolder containing the matched messages, display an excerpt
              from their headers on stdout.  The excerpt shows To, Cc, From,  Subject  and  Date.
              With  IMAP  source folders, this requires downloading each matched message from the
              IMAP server.

       -H, --force-hardlinks
              Instead of creating symbolic links, force the use of hardlinks.  This helps mailers
              such as alpine to realize that there are new mails in the search folder.

       -o mfolder
       --mfolder mfolder
              Specify a temporary alternative path for the mfolder to use, overriding the mfolder
              directive in the rc file.

              mairix will refuse to output search results into any  folder  that  appears  to  be
              amongst those that are indexed.  This is to prevent accidental deletion of emails.

   Search patterns
       t:word
              Match word in the To: header.

       c:word
              Match word in the Cc: header.

       f:word
              Match word in the From: header.

       s:word
              Match word in the Subject: header.

       m:word
              Match word in the Message-ID: header.

       b:word
              Match word in the message body.

              Message  body  is taken to mean any body part of type text/plain or text/html.  For
              text/html, text within meta tags is ignored.  In particular,  the  URLs  inside  <A
              HREF="...">  tags are not currently indexed.  Non-text attachments are ignored.  If
              there's an attachment of type message/rfc822, this  is  parsed  and  the  match  is
              performed  on  this  sub-message  too.   If  a hit occurs, the enclosing message is
              treated as having a hit.

       d:[start-datespec]-[end-datespec]
              Match messages with Date: headers lying in the specific range.

       z:[low-size]-[high-size]
              Match messages whose size lies in the specified range.  If the low-size argument is
              omitted  it  defaults to zero.  If the high-size argument is omitted it defaults to
              infinite size.

              For example, to match messages between 10kilobytes and  20kilobytes  in  size,  the
              following search term can be used:

                   mairix z:10k-20k

              The  suffix  'k' on a number means multiply by 1024, and the suffix 'M' on a number
              means multiply by 1024*1024.

       n:word
              Match word occurring as the name of an attachment in the message.  Since attachment
              names  are  usually  long, this option would usually be used in the substring form.
              So

                   mairix n:mairix=

              would match all messages which have attachments whose names contain  the  substring
              mairix.

              The  attachment  name is determined from the name=xxx or filename=xxx qualifiers on
              the Content-Type: and Content-Disposition: headers respectively.

       F:flags
              Match messages with particular flag settings.  The available flags are 's'  meaning
              seen,  'r'  meaning  replied,  and  'f'  meaning  flagged.   The  flags  are  case-
              insensitive.  A flag letter may be prefixed by a '-' to negate its sense.  Thus


                   mairix F:-s d:1w-
              would match any unread message less than a week old, and

                   mairix F:f-r d:-1m

              would match any flagged message older than a month which  you  haven't  replied  to
              yet.

              Note  that  the  flag  characters  and  their meanings agree with those used as the
              suffix letters on message filenames in maildir folders.

   Searching for a match amongst more than one part of a message
       Multiple body parts may be grouped together, if a match in any of them is sought.   Common
       examples follow.

       tc:word
              Match word in either the To: or Cc: headers (or both).

       bs:word
              Match word in either the Subject: header or the message body (or both).

       The  a: search pattern is an abbreviation for tcf:; i.e. match the word in the To:, Cc: or
       From: headers.  ("a" stands for "address" in this case.)

   Match words
       The word argument to the search strings can take various forms.

       ~word
              Match messages not containing the word.

       word1,word2
              This matches if both the words are matched in the specified message part.

       word1/word2
              This matches if either of the words are matched in the specified message part.

       substring=
              Match any word containing substring as a substring

       substring=N
              Match any word containing substring, allowing up to N errors  in  the  match.   For
              example, if N is 1, a single error is allowed, where an error can be

       *      a missing letter

       *      an extra letter

       *      a different letter.

       ^substring=
              Match  any  word  containing  substring  as  a substring, with the requirement that
              substring occurs at the beginning of the matched word.

   Precedence matters
       The binding order of the constructions is:

       1.     Individual command line arguments  define  separate  conditions  which  are  AND-ed
              together

       2.     Within  a  single argument, the letters before the colon define which message parts
              the expression applies to.  If there is no colon, the expression applies to all the
              headers listed earlier and the body.

       3.     After the colon, slashes delineate separate disjuncts, which are OR-ed together.

       4.     Each disjunct may contain separate conjuncts, which are separated by commas.  These
              conditions are AND-ed together.

       5.     Each conjunct may start with a tilde to negate it, and may be followed by  a  slash
              to  indicate  a  substring  match,  optionally followed by an integer to define the
              maximum number of errors allowed.

   Date specification
       This section describes the syntax used for specifying dates when searching using the  `d:'
       option.

       Dates  are  specified  as  a range.  The start and end of the range can both be specified.
       Alternatively, if the start is omitted, it is treated as being the beginning of time.   If
       the end is omitted, it is treated as the current time.

       There are 4 basic formats:

       d:start-end
              Specify both start and end explicitly

       d:start-
              Specify start, end is the current time

       d:-end Specify end, start is 'a long time ago' (i.e. early enough to include any message).

       d:period
              Specify start and end implicitly, as the start and end of the period given.

       The  start  and  end can be specified either absolute or relative.  A relative endpoint is
       given as a number followed by a single letter defining the scaling:

       ┌────────┬─────────────┬───────────┬───────────────────────┐
       │lettershort forexamplemeaning              │
       ├────────┼─────────────┼───────────┼───────────────────────┤
       │d       │  days       │  3d       │  3 days               │
       │w       │  weeks      │  2w       │  2 weeks (14 days)    │
       │m       │  months     │  5m       │  5 months (150 days)  │
       │y       │  years      │  4y       │  4 years (4*365 days) │
       └────────┴─────────────┴───────────┴───────────────────────┘

       Months are always treated as 30 days, and years as 365 days, for this purpose.

       Absolute times can be specified in many forms.  Some forms have  different  meanings  when
       they  define  a  start  date  from  that  when  they  define  an end date.  Where a single
       expression specifies both the start and end (i.e. where the argument to d: doesn't contain
       a `-'), it will usually have different interpretations in the two cases.

       In  the  examples below, suppose the current date is Sunday May 18th, 2003 (when I started
       to write this material.)

       ┌─────────────────────┬──────────────────────┬───────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────────┐
       │Example              │  Start date          │  End date             │  Notes                          │
       ├─────────────────────┼──────────────────────┼───────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────────┤
       │d:20030301-20030425  │  March 1st, 2003     │  25th April, 2003     │                                 │
       │d:030301-030425      │  March 1st, 2003     │  April 25th, 2003     │  century assumed                │
       │d:mar1-apr25         │  March 1st, 2003     │  April 25th, 2003     │                                 │
       │d:Mar1-Apr25         │  March 1st, 2003     │  April 25th, 2003     │  case insensitive               │
       │d:MAR1-APR25         │  March 1st, 2003     │  April 25th, 2003     │  case insensitive               │
       │d:1mar-25apr         │  March 1st, 2003     │  April 25th, 2003     │  date and month in either order │
       │d:2002               │  January 1st, 2002   │  December 31st, 2002  │  whole year                     │
       │d:mar                │  March 1st, 2003     │  March 31st, 2003     │  most recent March              │
       │d:oct                │  October 1st, 2002   │  October 31st, 2002   │  most recent October            │
       │d:21oct-mar          │  October 21st, 2002  │  March 31st, 2003     │  start before end               │
       │d:21apr-mar          │  April 21st, 2002    │  March 31st, 2003     │  start before end               │
       │d:21apr-             │  April 21st, 2003    │  May 18th, 2003       │  end omitted                    │
       │d:-21apr             │  January 1st, 1900   │  April 21st, 2003     │  start omitted                  │
       │d:6w-2w              │  April 6th, 2003     │  May 4th, 2003        │  both dates relative            │
       │d:21apr-1w           │  April 21st, 2003    │  May 11th, 2003       │  one date relative              │
       │d:21apr-2y           │  April 21st, 2001    │  May 11th, 2001       │  start before end               │
       │d:99-11              │  January 1st, 1999   │  May 11th, 2003       │ 2 digits are a day of the month │
       │                     │                      │                       │ if possible, otherwise a year   │
       │d:99oct-1oct         │  October 1st, 1999   │  October 1st, 2002    │ end before now, single digit is │
       │                     │                      │                       │ a day of the month              │
       │d:99oct-01oct        │  October 1st, 1999   │  October 31st, 2001   │ 2  digits  starting  with  zero │
       │                     │                      │                       │ treated as a year               │
       │d:oct99-oct1         │  October 1st, 1999   │  October 1st, 2002    │ day and month in either order   │
       │d:oct99-oct01        │  October 1st, 1999   │  October 31st, 2001   │ year and month in either order  │
       └─────────────────────┴──────────────────────┴───────────────────────┴─────────────────────────────────┘

       The principles in the table work as follows.

       ·      When the expression defines a period of more than a day (i.e. if a month or year is
              specified), the earliest day in the period is taken when the start date is defined,
              and the last day in the period if the end of the range is being defined.

       ·      The end date is always taken to be on or before the current date.

       ·      The start date is always taken to be on or before the end date.

SETTING UP THE MATCH FOLDER

       If  the  match  folder  does  not  exist  when running in search mode, it is automatically
       created.  For 'mformat=maildir' (the default), this should be all you need to do.  If  you
       use  'mformat=mh', you may have to run some commands before your mailer will recognize the
       folder.  e.g.  for mutt, you could do

              mkdir -p /home/richard/Mail/mfolder
              touch /home/richard/Mail/mfolder/.mh_sequences

       which seems to work.  Alternatively, within mutt, you could set MBOX_TYPE to 'mh' and save
       a message to '+mfolder' to have mutt set up the structure for you in advance.

       If  you  use  Sylpheed,  the  best  way  seems  to be to create the new folder from within
       Sylpheed before letting mairix write into it.

EXAMPLES

       Suppose my email address is <richard@doesnt.exist>.

       Either of the following will match all messages newer than 3 months from me with the  word
       'chrony' in the subject line:

              mairix d:3m- f:richard+doesnt+exist s:chrony
              mairix d:3m- f:richard@doesnt.exist s:chrony

       Suppose I don't mind a few spurious matches on the address, I want a wider date range, and
       I suspect that some messages I replied to might have had the subject keyword spelt wrongly
       (let's allow up to 2 errors):

              mairix d:6m- f:richard s:chrony=2

NOTES

       mairix  works  exclusively  in  terms  of  words.  The index that's built in indexing mode
       contains a table of which words occur in which messages.  Hence, the search capability  is
       based  on  finding  messages  that contain particular words.  mairix defines a word as any
       string of alphanumeric characters + underscore.  Any whitespace, punctuation, hyphens  etc
       are treated as word boundaries.

       mairix  has  special handling for the To:, Cc: and From: headers.  Besides the normal word
       scan, these headers are scanned a second time, where the characters '@', '-' and  '.'  are
       also  treated as word characters.  This allows most (if not all) email addresses to appear
       in the database as single words.  So if you have a mail from  wibble@foobar.zzz,  it  will
       match on both these searches

              mairix f:foobar
              mairix f:wibble@foobar.zzz

       It  should  be  clear  by  now that the searching cannot be used to find messages matching
       general regular expressions.  This has never been much of a limitation.  Most searches are
       for  particular  keywords  that were in the messages, or details of the recipients, or the
       approximate date.

       It's also worth pointing out that there is no 'locality' information stored, so you  can't
       search for messages that have one words 'close' to some other word.  For every message and
       every word, there is a simple yes/no condition stored - whether the message  contains  the
       word  in  a  particular  header  or  in  the body.  So far this has proved to be adequate.
       mairix has a similar feel to using an Internet search engine.

FILES

       ~/.mairixrc

AUTHOR

       Copyright (C) 2002-2006 Richard P. Curnow <rc@rc0.org.uk>

SEE ALSO

       mairixrc(5)

BUGS

       We need a plugin scheme to allow more types of attachment to be scanned and indexed.

                                           January 2006                                 MAIRIX(1)