Provided by: cupt_2.10.4ubuntu1_amd64 bug

NAME

       cupt_tutorial - tutorial for cupt package manager

PREFACE

   Abstract
       Cupt is a high-level package manager for Debian and Debian-derived OSes, with dpkg(1) as a
       back-end.

       The aim of this manual is to describe the all features Cupt package manager has to  manage
       the   system,   from  the  most  basics  to  very  advanced  tuning.  Please  submit  your
       proposals/patches when you see some use case is not covered.

       This manual was written for the second major version of Cupt (2.x branch).

   Disadvantages and advantages
       You might not want to use Cupt, because:

              •  Cupt is "unofficial" package manager. Currently,  nothing  in  Debian  ecosystem
                 uses  Cupt.  It  also  means  you  won't  get a support for it on most of Debian
                 resources  (you   can   however   file   bugs   or   join   IRC   channel,   see
                 cupt(1)/Reporting).

              •  Cupt  is  not  very  well tested by users yet. Its userbase is relatively small.
                 However, you are invited to test it and increase the number of users.

              •  Some features which  are  present  in  other  high-level  package  managers  are
                 missing.

                 Among  them:  multiarch,  GUI  and TUI interfaces, cdrom:// URI download method,
                 repositories without a Release file, integration with  cron(8).  And  there  are
                 probably many more.

       You might want to use Cupt to have these, to my best knowledge, unique features:

              •  integration with debdelta (binary package deltas)

              •  synchronization by source versions

              •  strict, full-case, configurable problem resolver

              •  full tree errors for unresolvable dependency problems

              •  package manager shell

              •  satisfy subcommand

              •  changeset-based system modifications for systems with low free disk space

              •  option name checker (for the 'cupt::*' option family)

              •  dpkg  action  sequences with heuristics to make an average number of packages in
                 interim states low

       Also, one of Cupt's targets is to have zero non-wishlist bugs. You might want to try it if
       you encountered a bug in other package manager(s).

   Infrastructure
       Out of existing APT infrastructure, Cupt uses (and shares):

              •  remote repositories and sources.list(5)

              •  ".deb" archives' cache

              •  configuration (apt.conf(5))

              •  preferences (apt_preferences(5))

              •  database of automatically installed packages

       The following infrastructure items are Cupt-specific:

              •  local cache of repository metadata (since version 2.1.0)

              •  Cupt-specific configuration (cupt.conf(5))

              •  system snapshots

   Getting started
       To start working with Cupt just install it using any present package manager (for example,
       apt-get install cupt or aptitude install cupt) and run cupt update afterwards.

       It should be safe to co-use Cupt and any APT-based package managers.

       When using commands that modify a system, you  have  to  either  execute  cupt  with  root
       privileges or supply --simulate (or -s) option.

       Use cupt help to get a list of subcommands and their short descriptions.

BASICS

   The debian system as Cupt sees it
       Cupt  package  manager  sees  the  Debian  system  as  a  set  of  installed  packages and
       repositories of available packages.

       Each binary package has zero, one or more versions, of which zero or one versions  may  be
       installed.

       Any  installed package may be marked as automatically installed, it means that user didn't
       ask for this package to be installed,  but  it  is  needed  to  satisfy  some  dependency.
       Packages which are not automatically installed are manually installed.

       Available  versions  (including  installed  one) of the binary package have unique version
       strings. Since Cupt 2.6, Cupt-specific version string suffixes (for example, ^installed or
       ^dhs0) may be applied. More details on this here.

   Errors and warnings
       Cupt uses three types of output to user: information, warnings and errors.

       All  warning  messages are prepended with W:. They mean non-critical errors, which may be,
       depending on the situation, real errors or things to ignore.

       All error messages are prepended with E:. Most  of  errors  block  the  executing  of  the
       program, but not all.

       Errors and warnings are written to the standard error.

       All other messages are the information for the user. They are written to standard output.

   Exploring the system
   what packages are installed?
       cupt pkgnames --installed-only

       gives you the list, one package name per line. You can also use

       dpkg -l | grep "^ii"

       for more detailed information.

   getting information about an installed package
       dpkg -s package_name

       or

       cupt show --installed-only package_name

       A  second  command  is  preferable,  for  example,  when  you want to know is this package
       automatically installed or not.

   details of available package versions
       To show a default package version:

       cupt show package_name

       Example: cupt show dpkg

       To show all available package versions:

       cupt show --all-versions package_name

       If you want to see a Debian changelog for a package, use the subcommand changelog.

       Example: cupt changelog exim4

       If you want to see a Debian copyright file a for a package, use the subcommand copyright.

       Example: cupt copyright exim4

       Note: Cupt can show changelogs and  copyrights  either  for  installed  packages,  or  for
       packages available in official repositories in Debian or Ubuntu.

   searching for a package
       To search for a package, specify one or more regular expressions as arguments:

       cupt search keyword1 keyword2 ... keywordN

       Example: you want to find a Qt-based audio player:

       cupt search audio qt player: found qmmp.

       cupt search music qt player: found also amarok.

       Another example: you want to find GTK+-related Perl modules:

       cupt search --names-only "gtk.*perl"

   Updating repository metadata
       To update repository medadata, use

       cupt update

       It's recommended to update metadata every time before you install or upgrade packages.

       Note:  Cupt  downloads quite a many files to update repository metadata. Some files may be
       downloaded in 2-3 different ways (like indexes) or are not so important (like translations
       for  package  descriptions).  You  may  see  some  warnings, but if you don't see an error
       message like

       E: there were errors while downloading release and index data

       , the process overall went fine. You can also check program exit code.

   Modifying the system
   package actions terminology
       When some package is changing its state, Cupt calls the action:

       install

              when a package which wasn't installed is now going to be installed

       remove

              when a package will be removed

       upgrade

              when a new (bigger) version of the already installed package is to be installed

       downgrade

              when an old (more less) version of the already installed package is to be installed

       purge

              when a package and its configuration files will be removed

   action preview prompt
       An example of action preview prompt:

       $ cupt install kdm akregator exim4

       The following packages will be installed:

       exim4 exim4-base exim4-config exim4-daemon-light

       The following packages will be upgraded:

       kde-window-manager kdebase-workspace-bin kdebase-workspace-data
       kdebase-workspace-kgreet-plugins kdm ksysguard ksysguardd libkdecorations4
       libkephal4abi1 libkscreensaver5 libksgrd4 libksignalplotter4
       libkwineffects1abi1 libkworkspace4 libplasma-geolocation-interface4
       libplasmaclock4abi1 libplasmagenericshell4 libprocesscore4abi1 libprocessui4a
       libsolidcontrol4abi1 libsolidcontrolifaces4abi1 libtaskmanager4abi1
       libweather-ion6 plasma-dataengines-workspace plasma-desktop
       plasma-widgets-workspace

       The following packages will be removed:

       libgsasl7 libntlm0 msmtp msmtp-mta

       Action summary:
         1 manually installed and 3 automatically installed packages will be installed
         1 manually installed and 25 automatically installed packages will be upgraded
         1 manually installed and 3 automatically installed packages will be removed

       Need to get 25.7MiB/83.4MiB of archives. After unpacking 3512KiB will be used.
       Do you want to continue? [y/N/q/a/?]

       In the output above you can see: lists of packages to change the  state,  the  summary  of
       planned  changes,  the  total  download  amount of packages (83.4MiB), the download amount
       considering the cache of already downloaded archives (25.7MiB), an estimate of  difference
       in disk usage after the actions (+3512KiB), a user prompt what to do.

       The following answers to a user prompt are available:

       y

              accept a solution, i.e. proceed with it

       n

              decline a solution, i.e. ask to find another solution

       q

              don't do anything, quit immediately

       ?

              output a short help about available answers

       a

              explained here

   installing packages
       To install a package:

       cupt install package_name

       Example: cupt install exim4

       To install several packages:

       cupt install package_name_1 package_name_2 ... package_name_N

       Example: cupt install exim4 kvirc kdm

   upgrading packages
       To  upgrade  one  or  more  installed  packages,  use  the same commands as for installing
       packages.

   removing packages
       To remove a package:

       cupt remove package_name

       Example:

       cupt remove gdb

       To remove several packages:

       cupt remove package_name_1 package_name_2 ... package_name_N

       Example:

       cupt remove gdb kvirc exim4

   upgrading the whole system
       To upgrade as many packages as possible:

       cupt full-upgrade

       In the mode above, Cupt will even consider removing manually installed  packages.  If  you
       want to restrict removing manually installed packages, do

       cupt full-upgrade --no-remove

       Or, shorter:

       cupt safe-upgrade

       There  is  the  third  upgrade  mode,  which  is to be used for upgrades to the next major
       distribution releases:

       cupt dist-upgrade

       This subcommand upgrades Cupt itself and dpkg at first, and  then  calls  new  version  of
       itself to upgrade the rest.

   purging packages
       To  purge  a  package,  i.e. remove a package along with its configuration files and maybe
       some dynamically generated or runtime files:

       cupt remove --purge package_name

       Or:

       cupt purge package_name

       To purge several packages:

       cupt purge package_name_1 package_name_2 ... package_name_N

       Example:

       cupt purge gdb

   Package archives cleaning
       Whenever Cupt needs to install, upgrade or downgrade packages it downloads binary  package
       archives  (.deb files) to an archive cache. These archives are not removed after the first
       usage so they can be reused later.

       If you do upgrades often, it's a good idea to periodically delete old package archives  to
       save the disk space. It's done by the subcommand autoclean:

       cupt autoclean

       The  command  above  will  delete  all  package  archives which do not belong to currently
       available repositories.

       If you want to remove all archives from the cache, do

       cupt clean

       Both subcommands above will also remove the partially downloaded archive files  which  may
       stay around after the terminated download operations.

INTERMEDIATE LEVEL

   Working with multiple package versions
   changing repositories
       Cupt uses the same repository list format as APT. See sources.list(5).

   release information
       Each version of a certain package has one or more sources where it comes from.

       Each  source  consists of download information and a subrepository information, or release
       information.

       The following properties belong to release information:

       basic URI

              a common prefix of URIs for all files which come  for  this  (sub)repository  (also
              referred as origin in APT documentation)

              Example: http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian

       archive

              a repository archive name, for example testing or stable

       codename

              a release code name, for example wheezy or sid

       component

              a subrepository component name, for example main or non-free

       vendor

              a vendor name, for example: Debian

       label

              a vendor-provided label, for example: Debian-Security

       version

              a release version, for example: 6.0

       description

              a repository description line

       Any of properties above may be empty.

       To see available releases:

       cupt policy

       Example:

        $ cupt policy
        Package files:
          /var/lib/dpkg/status installed/: o=dpkg,a=installed,l=,c=,v=,n=now
          http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian stable/main: o=Debian,a=stable,l=Debian,c=main,v=6.0,n=squeeze
          http://security.debian.org stable/main: o=Debian,a=stable,l=Debian-Security,c=main,v=6.0,n=squeeze
          http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian squeeze-updates/main: o=Debian,a=squeeze-updates,l=Debian,c=main,v=,n=squeeze-updates
          http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian testing/main: o=Debian,a=testing,l=Debian,c=main,v=,n=wheezy
          http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian testing/contrib: o=Debian,a=testing,l=Debian,c=contrib,v=,n=wheezy
          http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian testing/non-free: o=Debian,a=testing,l=Debian,c=non-free,v=,n=wheezy
          http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian unstable/main: o=Debian,a=unstable,l=Debian,c=main,v=,n=sid
          http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian unstable/contrib: o=Debian,a=unstable,l=Debian,c=contrib,v=,n=sid
          http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian unstable/non-free: o=Debian,a=unstable,l=Debian,c=non-free,v=,n=sid
          http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian experimental/main: o=Debian,a=experimental,l=Debian,c=main,v=,n=experimental

       The format of lines above:

       basic_URI archive/component: o=vendor,a=archive,l=label,c=component,v=version,n=codename

       Note that "installed" release have the archive installed and the codename now.

       To see the release descriptions of releases a version belongs to:

       cupt show --with-release-info package_name

       Example:

       cupt show --with-release-info dpkg

   version pinning system
       Each package version has a pin, an integer number.

       Amongst all versions of the same binary package, the one who has maximal pin is policy, or
       preferred version.  It's also candidate in APT terminology and in Cupt before 2.3.

       Cupt  assigns  pins   to   package   versions   according   to   the   APT   documentation
       (apt_preferences(5)). Plus, it adds:

              •  1 to pin of every version which has a signed source

              •  downgrade penalty (the option cupt::cache::pin::addendums::downgrade)

              •  hold    penalty    for    packages    that    are    'on   hold'   (the   option
                 cupt::cache::pin::addendums::hold)

              •  not automatic penalty for versions which come solely from sources marked as  not
                 automatic,  for  example,  from  Debian  experimental  distribution  (the option
                 cupt::cache::pin::addendums::not-automatic)

       Note that sometimes the way APT assigns pins to versions is not the way described  in  its
       documentation,  so  Cupt's  pins  (modulo Cupt-specific additions described above) are not
       necessarily identical to what APT produces.

   what package versions are available?
       cupt policy package_name

       Example:

        $ cupt policy dpkg
        dpkg:
          Installed: 1.15.5.6
          Preferred: 1.15.8.10
          Version table:
             1.15.8.10 991
                http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian testing/main (signed)
                http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian unstable/main (unsigned)
                http://ftp.se.debian.org/debian testing/main (signed)
                http://ftp.se.debian.org/debian unstable/main (signed)
         *** 1.15.5.6 100
                /var/lib/dpkg/status installed/ (unsigned)
             1.14.31 -1499
                http://security.debian.org oldstable/main (signed)

       In the output  above  we  can  see:  installed  version  ('1.15.5.6'),  preferred  version
       ('1.15.8.10') and a version table. In total, 3 versions of dpkg are available.

       For  each  version  in version table we can see (on example of '1.15.8.10'): a version pin
       ('991'), a list of repositories where this version is available.

       Each repository line is:

       basic_URI archive/component (signedness)

       The repository marked as signed if it has a valid and  verified  cryptographic  signature,
       and unsigned otherwise.

   version string id suffixes
       Starting  with  version  2.6,  Cupt's  behavior regarding merging versions having the same
       version string changed.

       Firstly, Cupt now never merges installed versions with versions from  repositories,  since
       dpkg  provides  no  way  to  know if the installed version is the same as the version from
       repository. All version strings of installed versions  now  have  ^installed  suffix,  for
       example 1.2.4^installed.

       Secondly,  if  same versions from different repositories have different hash sums, instead
       of discarding everything but first version Cupt now append suffixes like ^dhs0 or  ^dhs315
       to version strings of non-first versions, for example 1.2.4^dhs0.

   selecting binary package versions
       When there are more than one version for a package, Cupt provides following ways to select
       a version of the binary package in the arguments of the various subcommands:

       policy version

              to select a policy version, just specify a package name alone.

              Example:

              cupt show dpkg

       specific version

              to select an exact version of the package, use the suffix =version.

              Example:

              cupt show dpkg=1.15.8.10

       by archive or codename

              to select a version in release with known  archive  or  codename,  use  the  suffix
              /archive or /codename.

              Examples:

              cupt show dpkg/unstable

              cupt show dpkg/sid

       The  syntax described above is known as binary package version expression.  In the cupt(1)
       manual page all subcommands which accept this syntax are clearly marked as such.

   Combining multiple version arguments
       Many subcommands accept several arguments of the same meaning. Examples:

       cupt show dpkg cupt libpqxx3=3.0.2-1

       cupt install youtube-dl clive/stable

       cupt remove libabc-dev libefg-dev libxyz-dev

       cupt policy perl perl-base

       You can use wildcards * and ? to select multiple package names. Examples:

              •  cupt show perl-b*

                 Shows policy versions of packages which names start  with  perl-b,  for  example
                 perl-base and perl-byacc.

              •  cupt show perl-*/experimental

                 Shows  experimental  version  of packages which names start with perl- and which
                 have experimental versions. In  other  words,  packages  without  a  version  in
                 experimental distribution won't be selected.

              •  cupt show *=2.0.0-1 | grep Package

                 List  packages  which  have  a version 2.0.0-1. Using wildcards with versions is
                 maybe useless, but possible.

              •  cupt full-upgrade xserver-xorg-*/installed

                 Perform a full upgrade but keep all installed packages with names starting  with
                 xserver-xorg- at their current versions.

              •  cupt show ?aff*

                 Show  policy versions of packages with names which have 'a', 'f' and 'f' on 2nd,
                 3rd and 4th positions (starting with 1st), respectively.

   Conditional installation
       Starting with Cupt 2.4, there is a special subcommand iii  ("install  if  installed")  for
       installing  new  versions  of  already  installed  packages while not touching uninstalled
       packages. It behaves like install, but ignores arguments corresponding  to  not  installed
       packages.

       Examples:

              1. You  want  to  upgrade  a certain package (say, git) on multiple machines, where
                 some of these machines have that package installed and some not. If you  have  a
                 mechanism  to  send  one command to all machines (say, ssh multiplexer), you can
                 send the command

                 cupt update && cupt iii git

                 The second part of the command will do nothing on the machines where git is  not
                 installed  and  will install the preferred version of the package git where this
                 package was installed.

              2. You have an X server and some X video drivers installed, and you want to upgrade
                 all installed drivers. For that you can do

                 cupt iii xserver-xorg-video*

   Overriding package management actions
   Action override options
       You  can  use  special  positional options --install, --remove, --purge, --iii, --satisfy,
       --unsatisfy, --markauto,  --unmarkauto,  --asauto=yes,  --asauto=no,  --asauto=default  to
       override  the  specified action until the end of the arguments or the next action override
       option.

       Examples:

              •  cupt remove msmtp-mta --install exim4-daemon-light esmtp

                 Install packages exim4-daemon-light and esmtp, remove the package msmtp-mta.

              •  cupt install exim4-daemon-light --remove msmtp-mta esmtp

                 Install the package exim4-daemon-light, remove packages msmtp-mta and esmtp.

              •  cupt purge libkate1 --remove libass4 --purge libdirac-decoder0

                 Remove the package libass4, purge packages libkate1 and libdirac-decoder0.

              •  cupt install lightspark --remove gnash --satisfy "iceweasel (>= 5)"

                 Install the package lightspark, remove the packae  gnash,  and  make  sure  that
                 iceweasel (at least of version 5) is installed.

              •  cupt install sieve-connect --unsatisfy "iceweasel (<< 3.5.20)"

                 Install the package sieve-connect, upgrade or remove the package iceweasel if it
                 is installed and has the version lower than 3.5.20.

              •  cupt install libv4l-0 cupt --iii libreadline7 vlc*

                 Install  packages  libv4l-0  and  cupt,  install  the   preferred   version   of
                 libreadline7  if  it's  installed  already,  install  the  preferred versions of
                 packages which names start with vlc and which are installed already .

              •  cupt remove youtube-dl --install clive --satisfy "iceweasel (>= 4)" --purge  cvs
                 subversion --install git --unsatisfy "xinput (<< 1.5)"

                 Install  packages  clive  and git, remove the package youtube-dl, purge packages
                 cvs and subversion, make sure that the package iceweasel of version 4 or  higher
                 is  installed,  make sure that the package xinput either is not installed or has
                 the version 1.5 or higher.

              •  cupt install vlc --markauto xine

                 Install the package vlc and mark the package xine automatically installed.

              •  cupt remove bindfs --unmarkauto fuse

                 You have a package bindfs installed and now don't need it anymore.  cupt  remove
                 bindfs  shows  that  the  package fuse will be removed as it was a dependency of
                 bindfs; you however decide you want to keep it in the system and run the command
                 above.

              •  cupt install mumble libgeoip1 geoip-dbg

                 (in  this  and  following  examples we suppose that currently mumble is manually
                 installed, libgeoip1 is automatically installed, geoip-dbg is not installed)

                 geoip-dbg will be manually installed.

              •  cupt install --asauto=yes mumble libgeoip1 geoip-dbg

                 mumble  will  be  marked  as  automatically   installed,   geoip-dbg   will   be
                 automatically installed

              •  cupt install --asauto=no mumble libgeoip1 geoip-dbg

                 libgeoip1  will  be  marked  as  manually  installed, geoip-dbg will be manually
                 installed

              •  cupt install --asauto=yes mumble --asauto=default libgeoip1 geoip-dbg

                 mumble will be marked as automatically installed,  geoip-dbg  will  be  manually
                 installed

              •  cupt satisfy --asauto=no "iptables (>= 1.4)"

                 (assuming  iptables  package  not  installed) if possible, install enough recent
                 (1.4 or later) version of iptables; iptables itself will be marked  as  manually
                 installed, its possible dependencies as automatically installed

   Package name suffixes
       Alternatively,  you  can supply some suffixes to package names, that suffixes override the
       current action for the suffixed package(s) only:

       +

              "install this"

       -

              "remove this"

       You can use the + modifier in subcommands: remove, purge. Examples:

       cupt remove youtube-dl clive+: remove youtube-dl, install clive

       cupt purge exim4 msmtp-mta+ mutt/experimental+: remove exim4 along with its  configuration
       files, install msmtp-mta and mutt (from experimental)

       You can use the - modifier in the install and *-upgrade-like subcommands. Examples:

       cupt  install  gnuchess/unstable  gnome-chess  pychess-: install gnuchess (from unstable),
       gnome-chess, remove pychess

       cupt full-upgrade cvs-:

       a) cvs is installed -> do an upgrade with removing cvs

       b) cvs is not installed -> do an upgrade, keeping cvs uninstalled

   Using package archive deltas
       Cupt has an integration (through a special download method) with debdelta(1). To make Cupt
       try  to download archive deltas before downloading full archives, just install the package
       debdelta and that's it. No manual invocation of debdelta utilities is needed.

       See more about debdelta project here: http://debdelta.debian.net/.

   Listing dependency information
       To list the dependencies of one or more package versions, use the subcommand depends:

       cupt depends libc6/testing arora/unstable

       If you don't want to see Recommends there, use --important:

       cupt depends --important libc6/testing

       If, on the contrary, you want to see even Suggests, use --with-suggests:

       cupt depends --with-suggests libc6/testing

       You can also list selected relations recursively, using --recurse:

       cupt depends --recurse dpkg

       If you want to see a reverse dependencies of some version, use the subcommand rdepends:

       cupt rdepends xz-utils

       All the command switches described here are also applicable to rdepends as well.

   Action preview prompt (extended)
   summary
       Starting with Cupt 2.3 an action summary is shown by default.

       To remove it, use --no-summary command-line option. To  remove  it  permanently,  set  the
       configuration option cupt::console::actions-preview::show-summary to no.

       Alternatively,  you may want to hide details and view only a summary, this can be achieved
       by specifying  --summary-only  command-line  option.  This  option  can  be  useful  in  a
       conjunction with --simulate command-line option to have a quick preview.

   detailed solution preview
       You can request more information to show in the action preview prompt:

              •  package versions

                 Use --show-versions (-V) option. Example:

                  $ cupt install gcc-4.6 -V

                  The following packages will be installed:

                  cpp-4.6 [4.6.0~rc1-1]
                  gcc-4.6 [4.6.0~rc1-1]
                  gcc-4.6-base [4.6.0~rc1-1]
                  libppl-c4 [0.11.2-3]
                  libppl9 [0.11.2-3]
                  libpwl5 [0.11.2-3]
                  libquadmath0 [4.6.0~rc1-1]

                  The following packages will be upgraded:

                  binutils [2.20.1-15 -> 2.21.0.20110302-2]
                  libcloog-ppl0 [0.15.9-2 -> 0.15.9-3]
                  libgcc1 [1:4.5.2-1 -> 1:4.6.0~rc1-1]
                  libgomp1 [4.5.2-1 -> 4.6.0~rc1-1]

              •  by-package disk usage changes

                 Use --show-size-changes (-Z) option. Example:

                  $ cupt install gcc-4.6 -Z

                  The following packages will be installed:

                  cpp-4.6 <+10.6MiB>
                  gcc-4.6 <+15.0MiB>
                  gcc-4.6-base <+192KiB>
                  libppl-c4 <+4264KiB>
                  libppl9 <+1176KiB>
                  libpwl5 <+100KiB>
                  libquadmath0 <+496KiB>

                  The following packages will be upgraded:

                  binutils <+1300KiB>
                  libcloog-ppl0
                  libgcc1 <+8192B>
                  libgomp1 <+16.0KiB>

              •  release archives

                 Use --show-archives (-A) option. Example:

                  $ cupt install gcc-4.7 -A

                  The following packages will be installed:

                  cpp-4.7 [(experimental)]
                  gcc-4.7 [(experimental)]
                  gcc-4.7-base [(experimental)]
                  libitm1 [(experimental)]

                  The following packages will be upgraded:

                  libgcc1 [(installed,testing) -> (experimental)]
                  libgomp1 [(installed,testing) -> (experimental)]
                  libquadmath0 [(installed,testing) -> (experimental)]

              •  release codenames

                 Use --show-codenames (-N) option. Example:

                  $ cupt install libstreams0 -N

                  The following packages will be upgraded:

                  libstreamanalyzer0 [(now,squeeze) -> (wheezy,sid)]
                  libstreams0 [(now,squeeze) -> (wheezy,sid)]

              •  release components

                 Use  --show-components  (-C)  option.  It's  mostly  useful  in conjunction with
                 --show-codenames or --show-archives. Example:

                  $ cupt install libstreams0 -CN

                  The following packages will be upgraded:

                  libstreamanalyzer0 [(now,squeeze/main) -> (wheezy/main,sid/main)]
                  libstreams0 [(now,squeeze/main) -> (wheezy/main,sid/main)]

              •  release vendors

                 Use --show-vendors (-O) option. Useful if you have repositories of more than one
                 vendor and usually in conjunction with -V, -A or -N. Example:

                  $ cupt install libstreams0 -VNO

                  The following packages will be upgraded:

                  libstreamanalyzer0 [0.7.2-1+b1(dpkg:now,Debian:squeeze) -> 0.7.7-1(Debian:wheezy,Debian:sid)]
                  libstreams0 [0.7.2-1+b1(dpkg:now,Debian:squeeze) -> 0.7.7-1(Debian:wheezy,Debian:sid)]

              •  change reasons

                 To  show,  why  resolver  did  the  change(s),  use  --show-reasons (-D) option.
                 Example:

                  $ cupt install gcc-4.6 -D

                  The following packages will be installed:

                  cpp-4.6
                    reason: gcc-4.6 4.6.0~rc1-1 depends on 'cpp-4.6 (= 4.6.0~rc1-1)'

                  gcc-4.6
                    reason: user request

                  gcc-4.6-base
                    reason: cpp-4.6 4.6.0~rc1-1 depends on 'gcc-4.6-base (= 4.6.0~rc1-1)'

                  libppl-c4
                    reason: gcc-4.6 4.6.0~rc1-1 depends on 'libppl-c4'

                  libppl9
                    reason: gcc-4.6 4.6.0~rc1-1 depends on 'libppl9'

                  libpwl5
                    reason: libppl-c4 0.11.2-3 depends on 'libpwl5'

                  libquadmath0
                    reason: gcc-4.6 4.6.0~rc1-1 depends on 'libquadmath0 (>= 4.6.0~rc1-1)'

                  The following packages will be upgraded:

                  binutils
                    reason: gcc-4.6 4.6.0~rc1-1 depends on 'binutils (>= 2.21~)'

                  libcloog-ppl0
                    reason: gcc-4.6 4.6.0~rc1-1 depends on 'libcloog-ppl0 (>= 0.15.9-3~)'

                  libgcc1
                    reason: gcc-4.6 4.6.0~rc1-1 depends on 'libgcc1 (>= 1:4.6.0~rc1-1)'

                  libgomp1
                    reason: gcc-4.6 4.6.0~rc1-1 depends on 'libgomp1 (>= 4.6.0~rc1-1)'

              •  show not preferred versions

                 To show packages which will have a not preferred version  (which  usually  means
                 not (enough) upgraded), use --show-not-preferred option.

                 This is enabled for upgrades by default.

                 For non-upgrade example, the next command may be used to determine the installed
                 packages which have a better candidate (again, usually that means  they  can  be
                 upgraded):

                  $ cupt install --no-auto-remove --show-not-preferred -V

                  The following packages will have a not preferred version:

                  comerr-dev [2.1-1.41.12-4], preferred: 2.1-1.41.12-4stable1
                  e2fslibs [1.41.12-4], preferred: 1.41.12-4stable1
                  e2fsprogs [1.41.12-4], preferred: 1.41.12-4stable1
                  libcomerr2 [1.41.12-4], preferred: 1.41.12-4stable1
                  libkadm5clnt-mit7 [1.8.3+dfsg-4], preferred: 1.8.3+dfsg-4squeeze2
                  libkadm5srv-mit7 [1.8.3+dfsg-4], preferred: 1.8.3+dfsg-4squeeze2
                  libkdb5-4 [1.8.3+dfsg-4], preferred: 1.8.3+dfsg-4squeeze2
                  libss2 [1.41.12-4], preferred: 1.41.12-4stable1
                  linux-image-2.6.32-5-amd64 [2.6.32-34squeeze1], preferred: 2.6.32-38
                  openssh-client [1:5.5p1-6], preferred: 1:5.5p1-6+squeeze1
                  tzdata [2011g-1], preferred: 2011k-0squeeze1

       You can also combine them.

   reason chain
       Instead of displaying the reasons for all changed packages, starting with Cupt 2.6 you can
       request the reason chain for the specific package. To do this, use the choice rc. Example:

        $ cupt -s install exim4-daemon-light

        The following packages will be installed:

        bsd-mailx exim4-base exim4-config exim4-daemon-light liblockfile-bin liblockfile1

        The following packages will be removed:

        msmtp-mta

        The following packages are no longer needed and thus will be auto-removed:

        libgsasl7 libntlm0 msmtp

        Action summary:
          1 manually installed and 5 automatically installed packages will be installed
          1 manually installed packages will be removed
          3 automatically installed packages are no longer needed and thus will be auto-removed

        Need to get 2241KiB/2241KiB of archives. After unpacking 3006KiB will be used.
        Do you want to continue? [y/N/q/a/rc/?] rc
        Enter a binary package name to show reason chain for (empty to cancel): bsd-mailx

        bsd-mailx: exim4-base 4.80-6 recommends 'mailx'
          exim4-base: exim4-daemon-light 4.80-6 depends on 'exim4-base (>= 4.80)'
            exim4-daemon-light: user request

        Do you want to continue? [y/N/q/a/rc/?] rc
        Enter a binary package name to show reason chain for (empty to cancel): msmtp-mta

        msmtp-mta: exim4-daemon-light 4.80-6 conflicts with 'mail-transport-agent'
          exim4-daemon-light: user request

        Do you want to continue? [y/N/q/a/rc/?]

   specifying more package expression arguments
       In a solution preview (action preview prompt) you have an ability to specify more  package
       expressions and a restart a resolving process. To do this, use the choice a. Example:

        $ cupt install gnash

        The following packages will be installed:

        dmsetup dosfstools freepats fuse-utils gconf2-common gnash gnash-common
        gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3 gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad
        gstreamer0.10-plugins-base gvfs hdparm libass4 libatasmart4
        libboost-thread1.42.0 libcdaudio1 libcelt0-0 libexempi3 libexif12 libfftw3-3
        libflite1 libfuse2 libgconf2-4 libgdu0 libgme0 libgnome-keyring0 libgsf-1-114
        libgsf-1-common libgtkglext1 libgudev-1.0-0 libidl0 libiptcdata0 libkate1
        liblvm2app2.2 libmimic0 libmms0 libmodplug1 libmusicbrainz4c2a libntfs-3g75
        libntfs10 libofa0 libopenspc0 liborbit2 liborc-0.4-0 libparted0debian1
        libpolkit-backend-1-0 libraptor2-0 librasqal3 librsvg2-2 libsgutils2-2
        libslv2-9 libsoundtouch0 libvisual-0.4-0 libvisual-0.4-plugins libwildmidi1
        libyajl1 libzbar0 mtools ntfs-3g ntfsprogs policykit-1 policykit-1-gnome udisks

        The following packages will be upgraded:

        libblkid1 libdbus-glib-1-2 libdevmapper1.02.1 libglib2.0-0
        libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0 libgstreamer0.10-0 libpcre3 libpolkit-agent-1-0
        libpolkit-gobject-1-0 librdf0 libschroedinger-1.0-0 libudev0

        The following packages will be removed:

        libeggdbus-1-0 librasqal2

        Need to get 62.3MiB/62.3MiB of archives. After unpacking 105MiB will be used.
        Do you want to continue? [y/N/q/a/?] a
        Enter a package expression (empty to finish): libgnome-keyring0-
        Enter a package expression (empty to finish):

        The following packages will be installed:

        freepats gnash gnash-common gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3
        gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad gstreamer0.10-plugins-base libass4
        libboost-thread1.42.0 libcdaudio1 libcelt0-0 libexempi3 libexif12 libfftw3-3
        libflite1 libgme0 libgsf-1-114 libgsf-1-common libgtkglext1 libgudev-1.0-0
        libiptcdata0 libkate1 libmimic0 libmms0 libmodplug1 libmusicbrainz4c2a libofa0
        libopenspc0 liborc-0.4-0 libraptor2-0 librasqal3 librsvg2-2 libslv2-9
        libsoundtouch0 libvisual-0.4-0 libvisual-0.4-plugins libwildmidi1 libyajl1
        libzbar0

        The following packages will be upgraded:

        libglib2.0-0 libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0 libgstreamer0.10-0 libpcre3
        librdf0 libschroedinger-1.0-0 libudev0

        The following packages will be removed:

        librasqal2

        Leave the following dependencies unresolved:

        gstreamer0.10-plugins-base 0.10.30-1 recommends 'gvfs'

        Need to get 56.2MiB/56.2MiB of archives. After unpacking 85.6MiB will be used.
        Do you want to continue? [y/N/q/a/?]

       The effect above is the same as if you specified


       cupt install gnash libgnome-keyring0-
       in the command line from the start.

       Starting from Cupt 2.6 you can specify multiple expressions on the same line.

   colors
       Some  parts  of  the  actions  preview will be colored if you enable colors by setting the
       option cupt::console::use-colors to auto or yes (see cupt.conf(5)).

       In the  colored  output  different  colors  specify  different  actions  types.   Manually
       installed package names and potentially unsafe actions have bold colors.

       Starting from Cupt 2.10, colors are enabled on terminals by default (auto setting).

   Adjusting configuration variables
   intro
       There  are  two  types  of  configuration  variables  - regular (or scalar) and list ones.
       Scalar options have a single scalar value, and list option's value is a list  of  strings.
       Modifying a scalar option means substituting its previous value completely in favor of new
       specified one, modifying a list option means adding one more string to the existing list.

       Cupt has many configuration variables, some of  them  may  be  specified/overridden  using
       command-line  switches,  some  needs to be modified explicitly. See the full variable list
       and descriptions at cupt.conf(5).

       To see the current configuration, use config-dump subcommand. Examples:

        $ cupt config-dump | grep recommends
        apt::install-recommends "yes";
        cupt::resolver::keep-recommends "yes";
        cupt::resolver::tune-score::failed-recommends "600";

        $ cupt config-dump | grep "methods "
        cupt::downloader::protocols::copy::methods { "file"; };
        cupt::downloader::protocols::debdelta::methods { "debdelta"; };
        cupt::downloader::protocols::file::methods { "file"; };
        cupt::downloader::protocols::ftp::methods { "curl"; };
        cupt::downloader::protocols::ftp::methods { "wget"; };
        cupt::downloader::protocols::http::methods { "curl"; };
        cupt::downloader::protocols::http::methods { "wget"; };
        cupt::downloader::protocols::https::methods { "curl"; };
        cupt::downloader::protocols::https::methods { "wget"; };

       You can distinguish list options there by figure brackets around the values.

   configuration sources
       Cupt reads configuration in the following order:

              1. from            Cupt            preconfiguration            file            (see
                 cupt.conf(5)/cupt::directory::configuration::pre)

              2. from APT configuration files (conforming to the APT documentation (apt.conf(5)))

              3. from           Cupt-specific          configuration          files          (see
                 cupt.conf(5)/cupt::directory::configuration)

              4. from the  command  line  (--option  (or  -o)  switches  and  dedicated  switches
                 corresponding to specific options)

   setting options using the command line
       To modify a regular option in the command line, use

       -o option_name=new_value

       Example:

       cupt install kmail -o cupt::console::assume-yes=yes

       To modify a list option (i.e. add a new string) in the command line, use

       -o option_name::=added_string

       Example:

       cupt -s update -o "apt::update::pre-invoke::=ls /var"

       You can use -o multiple times.

   Automatically installed packages
   view
       If you want to know, is a certain package automatically installed or not, do

       cupt show --installed-only package_name

       Example:

       cupt show --installed-only dpkg

       To list manually installed packages:

       cupt showauto --invert

       To list automatically installed packages:

       cupt showauto

   change
       To  mark  some  package(s)  as  automatically  installed, use the markauto subcommand, for
       example:

       cupt markauto libqtcore4 udev

       To mark some package(s) as manually installed, use the unmarkauto subcommand, for example:

       cupt unmarkauto tar traceroute

   removal
       When doing installs/upgrades/etc. all newly installed packages not requested by  user  are
       marked  as  automatically  installed. For every package management actions Cupt's resolver
       can  determine  if  some  automatically  installed  packages  are  not   needed   anymore.
       Automatically  installed  packages,  which  are  no more a part of any valuable dependency
       chain of manually installed packages, are deleted by default. The names of this process is
       auto-removal.

       If  you  don't  want  auto-removal to be performed, use --no-auto-remove switch or set the
       option cupt::resolver::auto-remove to no.

   Soft dependencies
       All forward interdependencies between packages can be divided into two groups -- hard  and
       soft  ones.  While  hard  dependencies  must  be  satisfied  in order to make a system (or
       proposed  solution)  valid,  soft  ones  may  stay  unsatisfied.   Hard  dependencies  are
       'Pre-Depends',  'Depends'.  Soft dependencies are 'Recommends', 'Suggests' and 'Enhances'.
       Cupt completely ignores 'Enhances', but can act on 'Recommends'  or  'Suggests'.  All  the
       remainder of this section is dedicated to the last two.

       By  default,  Cupt ignores 'Suggests', but tries to, with an average priority, satisfy new
       dependencies in 'Recommends' and keep already satisfied 'Recommends'.

       You can use the following options to change the behavior:

       apt::install-recommends

              set this to no to not satisfy new 'Recommends'. See also  the  command-line  switch
              --no-install-recommends.

       cupt::resolver::keep-recommends

              set this to no to make resolver ignore all 'Recommends'

       apt::install-suggests

              set this yes to make resolver try to satisfy new 'Suggests'

       cupt::resolver::keep-suggests

              set this to yes to make resolver try to keep already satisfied 'Suggests'

       Note  1: having the option apt::install-X set to yes without cupt::resolver::keep-X set to
       yes as well is useless, Cupt's native resolver will warn about it.

       Note 2: even when the appropriate apt::install-X option is set, Cupt ignores  not  changed
       soft  dependencies.   Say,  if  there is an installed package gettext of version 1.2 which
       Recommends: cvs, a relation cvs is not satisfied in the system, and gettext is upgraded to
       a  version  1.3  which  also have the same Recommends: cvs, Cupt won't try to satisfy this
       dependency.

   Understanding package installation process
       After you agree with a proposed solution (by entering  a  positive  answer  in  an  action
       preview  prompt)  Cupt  starts  a  package  installation process, which is done in several
       phases:

              1. preparation

                 In this phase Cupt computes the order in  which  dpkg(1)  will  called  and  the
                 options to pass. This phase may take a while for large changes.

              2. downloading

                 In  this phase Cupt downloads needed binary packages (*.deb). May be empty if no
                 packages are needed or all needed packages are already in the cache.

              3. pre-hooks

                 In this phase Cupt calls  registered  pre-hooks  (options  dpkg::pre-invoke  and
                 dpkg::pre-install-pkgs)   if  any.  Examples  of  them  are  apt-listchanges(1),
                 apt-listbugs(1) and dpkg-preconfigure(1).  These hooks  may  ask  questions  and
                 cancel the whole package installation process.

              4. action themselves

                 In  this  phase  Cupt  calls  dpkg  as many times as needed to perform requested
                 actions.

              5. post-hooks

                 In this phase Cupt calls registered post-hooks (the option dpkg::post-invoke) if
                 any.

       Note:  Cupt  itself  does  not  ask anything from the user during the package installation
       process. All questions usually come from programs which Cupt calls.

       Example:

        1: # cupt install cmake

       This is a command line.

        2: Building the package cache...
        3: Initializing package resolver and worker...
        4: Scheduling requested actions...
        5: Resolving possible unmet dependencies...

       These are (optional) information messages from Cupt.

        6:
        7: The following 4 packages will be INSTALLED:
        8:
        9: libarchive1 libcurl3 libssh2-1 libxmlrpc-core-c3
        10:
        11: The following 2 packages will be UPGRADED:
        12:
        13: cmake cmake-data
        14:
        15: Need to get 5637KiB/6007KiB of archives. After unpacking 1963KiB will be freed.
        16: Do you want to continue? [y/N/q/a/?] y

       This is an action preview prompt.

        17: Performing requested actions:

       This is the 'preparation' phase.

        18: Get:1 http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian wheezy/main,sid/main,wheezy/main,sid/main cmake-data 2.8.4+dfsg.1-2 [1224KiB]
        19: Get:2 http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian wheezy/main,sid/main,wheezy/main,sid/main cmake 2.8.4+dfsg.1-2 [4102KiB]
        20: Get:3 http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian wheezy/main,sid/main,wheezy/main,sid/main libarchive1 2.8.4-1 [149KiB]
        21: Get:4 http://ftp.fi.debian.org/debian wheezy/main,sid/main,wheezy/main,sid/main libxmlrpc-core-c3 1.16.33-2 [162KiB]
        22: Fetched 5637KiB in 1s.

       This is the 'downloading' phase.

        23: Reading changelogs... Done

       This is the 'pre-hooks' phase (namely, apt-listchanges in this case).

        24: Selecting previously deselected package libarchive1.
        25: (Reading database ... 94022 files and directories currently installed.)
        26: Unpacking libarchive1 (from .../libarchive1_2.8.4-1_i386.deb) ...
        27: Setting up libarchive1 (2.8.4-1) ...
        28: Processing triggers for man-db ...
        29: Selecting previously deselected package libssh2-1.
        30: (Reading database ... 94034 files and directories currently installed.)
        31: Unpacking libssh2-1 (from .../libssh2-1_1.2.6-1_i386.deb) ...
        32: Setting up libssh2-1 (1.2.6-1) ...
        33: Selecting previously deselected package libcurl3.
        34: (Reading database ... 94041 files and directories currently installed.)
        35: Unpacking libcurl3 (from .../libcurl3_7.21.3-1_i386.deb) ...
        36: Setting up libcurl3 (7.21.3-1) ...
        37: Selecting previously deselected package libxmlrpc-core-c3.
        38: (Reading database ... 94058 files and directories currently installed.)
        39: Unpacking libxmlrpc-core-c3 (from .../libxmlrpc-core-c3_1.16.33-2_i386.deb) ...
        40: Setting up libxmlrpc-core-c3 (1.16.33-2) ...
        41: (Reading database ... 94080 files and directories currently installed.)
        42: Removing cmake ...
        43: Processing triggers for man-db ...
        44: (Reading database ... 94071 files and directories currently installed.)
        45: Preparing to replace cmake-data 2.8.1-2 (using .../cmake-data_2.8.4+dfsg.1-2_all.deb) ...
        46: Unpacking replacement cmake-data ...
        47: Setting up cmake-data (2.8.4+dfsg.1-2) ...
        48: emacsen-common: Handling install of emacsen flavor emacs
        49: Processing triggers for man-db ...
        50: Selecting previously deselected package cmake.
        51: (Reading database ... 94087 files and directories currently installed.)
        52: Unpacking cmake (from .../cmake_2.8.4+dfsg.1-2_i386.deb) ...
        53: Setting up cmake (2.8.4+dfsg.1-2) ...
        54: Processing triggers for man-db ...

       This is  the  'action  themselves'  phase,  dpkg's  output  and  messages  from  packages'
       maintainer scripts.

       In  the  case  the  process fails at phase 'action themselves' (either due to bug in Cupt,
       dpkg, or packages), you'll see some error messages from dpkg and then error messages  from
       Cupt.

   Source packages
   overview
       Source  packages  are  the files from which binary packages are built. They have two major
       differences:

              •  Source packages cannot be "installed" to the system like binary packages.

              •  Unlike binary packages, source package consists of 3 or more files, not a single
                 one:

                 •  tarball(s)

                    one or more compressed tar(1) archives containing an upstream code

                 •  diff

                    a   file   containing   Debian   changes,   may  be  missing  in  the  native
                    (Debian-specific) packages

                 •  dsc

                    a text file with some headers

   exploring
       To view a source package information:

       cupt showsrc package_name

       Example:

       cupt showsrc cupt

       You can specify more than one package, for example:

       cupt showsrc sed mawk

       To view available source versions, pin info and releases versions come from, use policysrc
       subcommand. Its output is the same as for policy subcommand. Example:

       cupt policysrc sed mawk

       To download source package(s), use the source subcommand, for example:

       cupt source clive youtube-dl

       By  default  source subcommand also unpack the package so it's ready for the exploring and
       building. To prevent this, use the --download-only switch.  Also, you  can  download  only
       one part of source package, use switches --tar-only, --diff-only and --dsc-only for that.

   satisfying build dependencies
       If  you want to build binary packages out of a source one, you will have to satisfy source
       package's build dependencies before. Use the subcommand build-dep to do it, for example:

       cupt build-dep clive

       All new packages, installed by this subcommand, will be marked as automatically installed,
       and will be a subject for auto-removal (#auto-removal) at next package management action.

       So, the process of building binary packages out of source one may be, taking clive package
       as an example:

        cupt source clive
        cupt build-dep clive
        cd clive-2.2.13 && debuild && cd ../
        [...]
        cupt install

       The last line will remove all unneeded anymore packages (given auto-removal is turned on),
       including those installed by build-dep.

   selecting source package versions
       You can select source package versions in two ways:

              1. Provide  a  source  package version expression. It has the same syntax as binary
                 package version expression, but instead of specifying a binary package name  you
                 specify a source package name.

                 Example:

                 cupt showsrc game-music-emu=0.5.5-2 gcc-defaults/experimental

              2. Provide a binary package version expression, which will be converted to a source
                 package version expression when possible.

                 Example:

                  $ cupt show g++/experimental | head -n5
                  Package: g++
                  Version: 4:4.6.0-2exp1
                  Status: not installed
                  Source: gcc-defaults
                  Source version: 1.101exp1
                  $ cupt showsrc g++/experimental | head -n3
                  Package: gcc-defaults
                  Binary: cpp, g++, g++-multilib, gobjc, gobjc-multilib, gobjc++,
                  gobjc++-multilib, gfortran, gfortran-multilib, gccgo, gccgo-multilib,
                  libgcj-common, gcj, gij, libgcj-bc, gcj-jdk, gcj-jre-headless, gcj-jre, gcc,
                  gcc-multilib, gdc, gcc-spu, g++-spu, gfortran-spu
                  Version: 1.101exp1

                 Here, g++ is a binary package name and gcc-defaults is a source package name. In
                 the  second  command,  as  there  is no source package g++, a binary package was
                 looked up, a version 4:4.6.0-2exp1 of it was found, and then  a  source  version
                 was selected as if you specified

                 cupt showsrc gcc-defaults=1.101exp1

                 in the first place.

       You  can  supply both syntaxes to all subcommands which work with source package versions,
       examples:

       cupt build-dep clive/unstable

       cupt source man-db=2.5.9-4

   Package manager shell
       Cupt has a shell-like environment, in which you can supply any subcommand as if you  typed
       it in to the command line, but without preceding cupt command name.

       Example:

        $ cupt shell
        This is interactive shell of cupt package manager.
        cupt>policy libsoprano4
        libsoprano4:
          Installed: 2.2.2+dfsg.1-1
          Preferred: 2.3.0+dfsg.1-2
          Version table:
             2.3.0+dfsg.1-2 501
               http://debian.org.ua/debian unstable/main (signed)
         *** 2.2.2+dfsg.1-1 100
               /var/lib/dpkg/status installed/ (unsigned)
             2.3.0+dfsg.1-1 2
               http://debian.org.ua/debian experimental/main (signed)
        cupt>depends libsoprano4/experimental
        libsoprano4 2.3.0+dfsg.1-1:
          Depends: libc6 (>= 2.2.5)
          Depends: libclucene0ldbl (>= 0.9.20-1)
          Depends: libgcc1 (>= 1:4.1.1)
          Depends: libqt4-dbus (>= 4:4.5.2)
          Depends: libqt4-network (>= 4:4.5.2)
          Depends: libqt4-xml (>= 4:4.5.2)
          Depends: libqtcore4 (>= 4:4.5.2)
          Depends: libstdc++6 (>= 4.1.1)
          Depends: soprano-daemon (= 2.3.0+dfsg.1-1)
        cupt>rdepends soprano-daemon
        soprano-daemon 2.3.0+dfsg.1-2:
          Reverse-Depends: libsoprano4 2.3.0+dfsg.1-2: soprano-daemon (= 2.3.0+dfsg.1-2)
        cupt>show soprano-daemon
        Package: soprano-daemon
        Version: 2.3.0+dfsg.1-2
        Status: not installed
        Source: soprano
        Priority: optional
        Section: utils
        Size: 153KiB
        Uncompressed size: 536KiB
        Maintainer: Debian Qt/KDE Maintainers <debian-qt-kde@lists.debian.org>
        Architecture: amd64
        Depends: libc6 (>= 2.2.5), libgcc1 (>= 1:4.1.1), libqt4-dbus (>= 4:4.5.2), libqt4-network (>= 4:4.5.2),
        libqtcore4 (>= 4:4.5.2), libraptor1 (>= 1.4.18), librdf0 (>= 1.0.9), libsoprano4 (>= 2.3.0), libstdc++6 (>= 4.1.1)
        Conflicts: libsoprano-dev (<< 2.3.0+dfsg.1-1), libsoprano4 (<< 2.3.0+dfsg.1-1)
        Replaces: libsoprano-dev (<< 2.3.0+dfsg.1-1), libsoprano4 (<< 2.3.0+dfsg.1-1)
        URI: http://debian.org.ua/debian/pool/main/s/soprano/soprano-daemon_2.3.0+dfsg.1-2_amd64.deb
        MD5: af29b39a741d9a52de91c8e5562e0609
        SHA1: 1dfebe27b79f10911358949e56f89c64b43265eb
        SHA256: d5b290a60de56f6a7e0af44f5265c6668bb4689204556b9022a5233a808349fc
        Description: daemon for the Soprano RDF framework
         Soprano is a pluggable RDF storage, parsing, and serialization framework based
         on Qt 4. Soprano is targeted at desktop applications that need to store RDF
         data. Its API has been optimized for simplicity and ease of use, while its
         modular structure allows it to use various different RDF storage
         implementations as its backend.
         .
         This package contains the Soprano daemon, D-Bus service, parser
         plugins, and a storage plugin for the Redland RDF Application Framework.
        Homepage: http://soprano.sourceforge.net

        cupt>--simulate install libsoprano4

        The following 1 packages will be INSTALLED:

        soprano-daemon

        The following 1 packages will be UPGRADED:

        libsoprano4

        Need to get 700KiB/700KiB of archives. After unpacking 196KiB will be used.
        Do you want to continue? [y/N/q] q

        cupt>exit

       What this mode may be useful for:

              •  fast queries

                 When  entering  shell  mode, the configuration is read and cache is built. Until
                 some management subcommand is executed, query subcommands don't have to  re-read
                 the  configuration  and  cache  on  each  invocation,  and  most of them execute
                 instantly in shell mode.

              •  common configuration changes

                 As the shell subcommand, as all others, recognizes cupt(1)/Common  options,  you
                 can use that to set some configuration options for all the shell session.

                 Example:

                 cupt shell --simulate -o apt::install-recommends=no

                 Installing  new  recommends  will be switched off for all the session inside the
                 shell, and no real actions will be performed for  subcommands  that  change  the
                 system.    Note    that    you    can    override    them   (by   supplying   -o
                 cupt::worker::simulate=no and -o apt::install-recommends=yes, respectively,  for
                 this example).

   Limiting used repositories
       As  of  Cupt  version  2.3,  you  can limit the used package repositories for each package
       manager invocation without editing the  sources.list(5).  The  limiting  can  be  done  by
       repository archive names or codenames.

       The common syntax is:

       limiting_option=value,value,...,value

       Use   the   option   --include-archives  or  --include-codenames  to  use  only  specified
       repositories. In other  words,  no  matter  how  many  repositories  are  present  in  the
       sources.list(5), only packages from specified repositories will be considered.

       Examples:

              •  cupt rdepends --include-archives=testing,unstable libffi5

                 List reverse-dependencies of libffi5 package in testing and unstable.

              •  cupt safe-upgrade --include-archives=stable,stable-updates

                 Upgrade   the  system,  considering  only  packages  from  archives  stable  and
                 stable-updates.

              •  cupt install xserver-xorg --include-codenames=wheezy

                 Install the package xserver-xorg, if its version in the wheezy is different than
                 installed  one or there is no such package installed. If any packages need to be
                 changed in order to process this query (e.g.,  installing  new  dependencies  or
                 removing conflicting packages), only versions from wheezy will be considered.

              •  cupt search --names-only '.*?-perl' --include-archives=experimental

                 Search for Perl module packages in experimental.

       Use   the   option   --exclude-archives   or  --exclude-codenames  to  not  use  specified
       repositories.  If a package version has multiple repositories and at least one of them  is
       not excluded, the version will be visible.

       Examples:

              •  search -n cupt --exclude-archives=stable

                 Search for Cupt-related packages, but ignore packages from stable.

              •  cupt full-upgrade --exclude-codenames=sid,experimental

                 Upgrade not using packages which come only from sid or experimental.

       Limiting  repositories  can  also  be done by modifying the cupt::cache::limit-releases::*
       family of configuration variables directly.

       Note: unlike the pinning settings which only set version priorities, limiting repositories
       is  an  "absolute"  tool.  For example, if the version has a very negative pin, it will be
       still considered for installation if there is no better choices, but if  all  repositories
       which  contain  a  version  are  not used, Cupt will forgot about that version from a very
       start and forever, without exceptions.

   Logging
       As of Cupt version 2.2, most actions that effectively change the state of  the  system  or
       Cupt  itself (namely, working with packages, updating repository metadata and working with
       system snapshots) are logged by default.

       The place  (the  file  path)  where  to  place  the  logs  is  determined  by  the  option
       cupt::directory::log. By default, logs are written to /var/log/cupt.log.

       There are 4 levels of logging:

       0      absolutely no logging at all

       1      very minimal logging

       2      the significant information is logged

       3      very detailed logging

       Logging levels are set for each subsystem independently. By default, the logging level for
       package changes is set to 2, other logging levels are set to  1.  To  change  the  logging
       level  for  some  subsystem,  use  the  option  cupt::worker::log::levels::subsystem.  See
       cupt.conf(5) for details.

       Finally, if you want to disable the logging entirely, set the option cupt::worker::log  to
       no.

ADVANCED USAGE

   Functional selectors
       Functional selectors is a extended syntax for selecting binary or source versions by their
       properties or relations. It's available starting with Cupt 2.6.

       It can be used whereever binary package version  expression  and  source  package  version
       expression can be used. It addition, it can be used as a parameter to search --fse.

       The full syntax and function reference can be found in cupt_functionalselectors(7).

       Examples of functional selector expressions (FSE):

              •  essential()

                 All essential versions (those which have Essential: yes).

                 In the command line it will be

                 cupt show 'essential()'

                 or

                 cupt search --fse 'essential()'e()

                 The same. e is a shortcut for essential.

              •  package:name(.*req.*)

                 All versions which package name contains the substring req.

              •  Pn(.*req.*)

                 Same. Pn is a shortcut for package:name.

              •  and(Pn(b.*), e())

                 All versions which are essential and which package name starts with a letter b.

              •  and(Pn(b.*), e)

                 Same. In subexpressions () can be omitted for functions with no parameters.

              •  Pn(b.*) & e()

                 Same. x & y & z is a special shortcut syntax for and(x, y, z).

              •  or(e, provides(vim))

                 Versions which are essential or provide vim virtual package.

              •  e() | provides(vim)

                 Same. x | y | z is a special shortcut syntax for or(x, y, z).

              •  xor(Pn(vim.*), provides(vim))

                 Versions,  which either have a package name which starts with vim or provide vim
                 virtual package, but not both.

              •  not(Pn(vim-nox)) & provides(vim)

                 Versions which provide vim virtual package, excluding the package vim-nox.

              •  installed() & priority(extra)

                 Installed versions of priority extra.

              •  maintainer(.*lists.alioth.debian.org.*) & priority(required)

                 Versions of priority required and which maintainer email address  is  a  mailing
                 list hosted on the Alioth service.

              •  field(Python-Version, .*2\.3.*)

                 Versions  which  have  a  non-standard field Python-Version with a substring 2.3
                 somewhere in the value.

              •  Pn(.*python.*) & section(utils)

                 Versions from utils section having python somewhere in the package name.

              •  package:installed() & release:component(non-free)

                 All versions of installed packages which come from non-free release component.

              •  uploaders(.*gmail\.com>)

                 All source versions where at least one uploader has a Gmail mail address.

              •  binary-to-source(provides(vim))

                 All corresponding source versions of those binary versions which provide vim.

              •  recommends(installed() & e)

                 All packages which are recommended by installed essential packages.

              •  and( Ys(Pn(xfce4.*))|Ye(Pn(xfce4.*)), not(Pn(xfce4.*)) )

                 All packages which are Suggests (Ys) or Enhances (Ye) of any package which  name
                 starts with xfce4, excluding xfce4... packages themselves.

              •  with(_x, Pn(xfce4.*), and( Ys(_x)|Ye(_x), not(_x)) )

                 Same.

              •  with(_x, Pn(grep), reverse-depends(_x) | reverse-recommends(_x))

                 All versions which depend on or recommend grep.

              •  fmap(Pn(grep), reverse-depends,reverse-recommends)

                 Same.

              •  build-depends(Pn(grep))

                 Build-dependencies of the all available versions of the source package grep.

              •  recursive(_r, Pn(cupt)&i, and( Yd(_r)|Yr(_r), not(Pn(.*downloadmethod.*))) )

                 All  direct  and  indirect depended on and recommended packages (excluding those
                 which have downloadmethod in the package name from the recursive chain)  of  the
                 installed version of cupt package.

                 For  complex  FSEs  like  this it, the multiline no-shortcut equivalent might be
                 preferred:

                 #!/bin/sh
                 cupt search --fse '
                      recursive(_r,
                           package:name(cupt) & installed(),
                           and(
                                depends(_r) | recommends(_r),
                                not( package:name(.*downloadmethod.*) )
                           )
                      )'

   System snapshots
       System snapshots, created by Cupt, consist of binary archives of installed packages.   The
       idea  is  you  create  snapshots  at  some time, and when after some changes you system is
       messed up, you can go back to the working set of packages.

       Caveats:

              •  The most usual use case for it is downgrade the packages after  a  bad  upgrade,
                 but  package downgrades are usually not supported, so it have not a guarantee to
                 work.

              •  As of now, snapshots does not store an information about automatically installed
                 packages.

              •  If  the  system  doesn't  boot  or  messed up to the level that Cupt or dpkg are
                 unable to run properly, you cannot revert the system.

       It's recommended not to use this feature if you have better  alternatives  available  (for
       example, LVM snapshots or filesystem-level snapshots).

       To create a snapshot, use

       cupt snapshot save snapshot_name

       Example:

       cupt snapshot save 20110405

       To revert the system to a saved snapshot, use

       cupt snapshot load snapshot_name

       Example:

       cupt snapshot load 20110405

       You  can  also  list  the  available snapshots (cupt snapshot list), rename (cupt snapshot
       rename), remove (cupt snapshot remove).

   Satisfying particular dependency relation expressions
       There is an ability to change the system not by specifying versions of packages to install
       or  remove,  but  by  specifying  dependencies  just as some binary package have them. The
       subcommand to perform this is satisfy:

       cupt satisfy dependency_expression_1 ... dependency_expression_N

       Examples:

       cupt satisfy "xserver-xorg (>> 1.6)" "xserver-common (<< 1.6.1~)"

       cupt satisfy "nautilus (>= 2.16.0), libnautilus-extension1 (>= 2.16.0), wget (>= 1.10.0)"

       cupt satisfy "youtube-dl | clive"

       If you want some dependency expression to be unsatisfied instead, add minus (-) to the end
       of an argument:


       cupt satisfy mail-reader-
       Be careful:

       cupt  satisfy  vim  emacs-:  install  vim  or anything which provides it, remove emacs and
       anything which provides it

       cupt satisfy "vim, emacs-": remove emacs, vim and anything which provides them

   Request type options
       By default, when you type cupt install abcde, the preferred version of abcde package  will
       be  installed. By default, on cupt install abcde/unstable the best of abcde versions found
       in unstable distribution will be installed. Also, by default, cupt  remove  wget/installed
       or  cupt  remove wget/wheezy will remove all versions of wget package (so none of them may
       be installed). This is traditional selection behavior.

       Starting with Cupt 2.6, it's possible to  choose  (per  request)  new  flexible  selection
       behavior,  though  traditional selection behavior is still the default.  Flexible behavior
       is enabled using --select=flexible (or, shorter, --sf) command  line  option.  Traditional
       behavior  can  be  (re)enabled using --select=traditional (or, shorter, --st) command line
       option.

       Flexible selection behavior is often more intuitive.  cupt --sf install abcde will install
       any  version of abcde package (with, as usual, resolver choosing versions with higher pins
       first).  cupt --sf install abcde/unstable will install  any  version  of  abcde  found  in
       unstable distribution. cupt --sf remove wget will still remove the package unconditionally
       just like traditional behavior, but, say, cupt --sf remove wget/installed wget/wheezy  may
       either remove wget package or install some its version not from wheezy distribution.

       The  command  line  options above are positional and can be mixed.  cupt --select=flexible
       iii jhc ncdu/experimental --select=traditional --remove automake*/installed  will  install
       (if  were  installed)  any  version  of  jhc and any version of ncdu found in experimental
       distribution, but  unconditionally  remove  installed  packages  which  names  start  with
       automake.

   Request importance options
       By  default,  when  you  ask Cupt to perform some package management actions, they will be
       performed unconditionally. As in, the command will fail if any of requested actions cannot
       be  performed.  Sometimes  more flexibility might be wanted, especially with wildcards and
       FSE.

       Starting with Cupt  2.6,  it's  possibly  to  specify  also  non-mandatory,  or  optional,
       requests.  For  optional requests you also specify their importance, choosing from a three
       predefined profiles or  supplying  precise  integer  value.   The  request  importance  is
       controlled by --importance= command line option.

       To  specify  actions which should be tried hard but you accept that some of them could not
       be satisfied at reasonable price (e.g. some of them conflicts with each other  or  require
       extremely  "bad" changes to the system), use --importance=try (or its shortcut --try). For
       example:

        $ cupt -s install --try 'provides(vim)' --no-summary

        The following packages will be installed:

        [...] vim-athena vim-nox

        The following packages will be upgraded:

        [...] vim vim-common vim-gtk vim-gui-common vim-runtime

        [...]

        Leave the following dependencies unresolved:

        user request: install provides(vim) | for package 'vim-gnome'

       To specify actions with low importance (as  in:  "do  some  of  them  if  possible"),  use
       --importance=wish (or its shortcut --wish). For example:

        $ cupt -s --wish remove *gnome*

        [...]

        The following packages will be removed:

        gnome-keyring gstreamer0.10-plugins-good libpam-gnome-keyring
        libsoup-gnome2.4-1

        The following packages are no longer needed and thus will be auto-removed:

        gcr gstreamer0.10-gconf gstreamer0.10-x iptables libcap-ng0 libcap2-bin
        libdrm-nouveau1a libdv4 libgck-1-0 libgcr-3-1 libgcr-3-common libiec61883-0
        libnfnetlink0 libpam-cap libxtables10

        Leave the following dependencies unresolved:

        gksu 2.0.2-6^installed recommends 'gnome-keyring'
        user request: remove *gnome* | for package 'libgnome-keyring-common'
        user request: remove *gnome* | for package 'libgnome-keyring0'
        libwebkitgtk-3.0-0 2.0.4-5 recommends 'gstreamer1.0-plugins-good'
        libwebkitgtk-1.0-0 2.0.4-5 recommends 'gstreamer1.0-plugins-good'

       To specify precise numeric importance(s), use --importance=number. For example:

        $ cupt -s install --importance=10000 xmail --importance=15000 nullmailer --no-auto-remove

        The following packages will be installed:

        nullmailer

        The following packages will be removed:

        msmtp-mta

        Leave the following dependencies unresolved:

        user request: install xmail | for package 'xmail'

        $ cupt -s install --importance=20000 xmail --importance=15000 nullmailer --no-auto-remove

        The following packages will be installed:

        xmail

        The following packages will be removed:

        msmtp-mta

        Leave the following dependencies unresolved:

        user request: install nullmailer | for package 'nullmailer'

       You  can  also,  as  usually, mix those options and use --importance=must (or its shortcut
       --must) to restore default behavior, for example:

       cupt  install  --try  pinentry-*  --wish  *debootstrap  --must  --select=flexible  icedove
       *xulrunner*

       The   penalty   values   of  --importance=try  and  --importance=wish  are  controlled  by
       configuration         options          cupt::resolver::score::unsatisfied-try          and
       cupt::resolver::score::unsatisfied-wish, respectively.

   Changes in systems with a low disk space
       If you happen to have a system, where the disk space is very limited, doing a big upgrades
       or installations can be a problem. For example, you  have  1  GiB  of  disk  space  total,
       installed  packages occupy 600 MiB of them, now you want to do a massive upgrade, and it's
       needed to download 500 MiB of archives to do that, and after  the  upgrade  packages  will
       occupy  700  MiB. Here, the simple approach of download everything needed and then upgrade
       everything needed wouldn't work since there is no 1100 MiB of the  disk  space  available.
       The  answer  is  to  do  the  upgrade  by  smaller  parts. Now, although it can be done by
       selecting groups of packages to upgrade or  install  by  hand,  Cupt  can  try  to  do  it
       automatically.

       To  enable  the  changeset-based mode you will be need specify how many space is available
       for downloaded files. It's  impossible  to  compute  the  amount  reliably  since  changed
       packages  may use some additional space (for example, kernel upgrades) or you may write or
       remove something to the filesystem before/while the  upgrading  is  progressing.  A  rough
       guess of 'amount of free space minus 100 MiB' is a good start.

       After  you  computed  the  disk  space  you can give for package archives, specify it as a
       value, in bytes, for cupt::worker::archives-space-limit option.  Example:

       cupt full-upgrade -o cupt::worker::archives-space-limit=200000000

       Once this option is set, an action scheduler will try  to  divide  all  the  changes  into
       smaller consecutive changesets so the following conditions are met:

              •  Download  amounts for package changes in any changeset won't exceed the declared
                 limit.

              •  After each changeset is done, system is fully working in the sense of  packages,
                 i.e. all dependencies are met and there are no packages in interim states.

       If  such  changesets  are found, Cupt will proceed with actions, otherwise an error with a
       minimal suitable number will be printed.

       For each changeset, package archives will be downloaded before doing actions  and  removed
       before the next changeset begins.

   Synchronization by source versions
       Sometimes it is a good idea to keep installed binary packages which were built out of same
       source package (let's call them related) to have the same source version.

       Related packages are synchronized if they have  the  same  source  version,  i.e.   binary
       version may not be the same. For example, the following pairs are usually synchronized:

              •  qprint 1.0-1 and qprint-doc 1.0-1qprint 1.0-1+b2 and qprint-doc 1.0-1

       But the following are usually not:

              •  qprint 1.0-1 and qprint-doc 1.0-2

       Cupt's resolver tries to synchronize the versions of related binary packages if the option
       cupt::resolver::synchronize-by-source-versions is set to non-default value.

       Note: this option works properly only if you have source packages available  for  all  the
       packages touched by a resolver.

       Note: this option doesn't touch installed packages.

       Example:

       cupt safe-upgrade -o cupt::resolver::synchronize-by-source-versions=hard

       The  hard  value  means that all changed packages must be synchronized, e.g.  consider the
       synchronization  an  additional  hard  dependency.   The  soft  value   means   that   all
       unsynchronized       changed      packages      will      have      a      penalty      of
       cupt::resolver::score::failed-synchronization,  e.g.  consider  the   synchronization   as
       additional soft dependency.

       Example:

       Suppose  we  have libfoo1 and foo binary packages which came from the same source package.
       We have libfoo1 1.2-1 and foo 1.2-1 installed.

       Situation 1: libfoo1 has new 1.3-1 version and foo has new 1.3-1 version.

       Situation 2: libfoo1 has new 1.3-1 version and foo has new 1.3-2 version.

       We do:

       cupt install foo

       What would be done by resolver if we have:

              •  no synchronization

                 Situation 1: install new foo, leave libfoo1 as of installed version

                 Situation 2: install new foo, leave libfoo1 as of installed version

              •  soft synchronization

                 Situation 1: install new foo and libfoo1

                 Situation 2: install new foo, leave libfoo1 as of installed version

              •  hard synchronization

                 Situation 1: install new foo and libfoo1

                 Situation 2: give up with an error tree, (assuming foo depends on libfoo1, if it
                 does not, then install new foo, remove libfoo1)

   Resolver tuning
   score
       Cupt's  native  dependency  problem  resolver  plans  system  changes,  if needed, to make
       installed packages set correct after making the changes user demand.

       In the most cases, there are several solutions to  a  problem.  To  choose  amongst  them,
       resolver assign scores to all of them.

       Score  is  an integer (positive or negative) and is a sum of version weight difference and
       an action modifier. Version weight, or "normalized version priority",  is  a  version  pin
       value  minus  a  default  pin  for  a  preferred  versions.   Action  modifiers are action
       type-specific addendums and are controlled by the  option  group  cupt::resolver::score::X
       (see the full list of them in cupt.conf(5)).

       For  native resolver, the negative scores indicate "negative" changes, and positive scores
       indicate "positive"  changes.  When  several  alternative  solutions  for  a  problem  are
       available,  they are considered in the score descending order.  The ultimate goal of score
       system to assign  positive  scores  to  everything  user  wants  and  negative  scores  to
       everything user doesn't want. But since "positive" and "negative" is something that varies
       from user to user and from action to action, there is no (and cannot be) a silver bullet.

       So, how can you adjust solution scores? From the definition of the score (above)  you  may
       adjust version pinning and/or set resolver score variables to different values.

       Examples:

       $ echo 'q' | cupt -s -t experimental full-upgrade --summary-only | grep "^  "
       W: some solutions were dropped, you may want to increase the value of the 'cupt::resolver::max-solution-count' option
         0 manually installed and 48 automatically installed packages will be installed
         129 manually installed and 474 automatically installed packages will be upgraded
         0 manually installed and 32 automatically installed packages will be removed
         2 manually installed and 17 automatically installed packages will have a not preferred version
       $ echo 'q' | cupt -s -t experimental full-upgrade --summary-only -o cupt::resolver::score::unsatisfied-recommends=250 | grep "^  "
       W: some solutions were dropped, you may want to increase the value of the 'cupt::resolver::max-solution-count' option
         0 manually installed and 43 automatically installed packages will be installed
         129 manually installed and 473 automatically installed packages will be upgraded
         0 manually installed and 34 automatically installed packages will be removed
         2 manually installed and 14 automatically installed packages will have a not preferred version
         4 dependency problems will stay unresolved
       $ echo 'q' | cupt -s -t experimental full-upgrade --summary-only -o cupt::resolver::score::new=-1000 | grep "^  "
       W: some solutions were dropped, you may want to increase the value of the 'cupt::resolver::max-solution-count' option
         0 manually installed and 30 automatically installed packages will be installed
         124 manually installed and 429 automatically installed packages will be upgraded
         3 manually installed and 70 automatically installed packages will be removed
         9 manually installed and 14 automatically installed packages will have a not preferred version
         7 dependency problems will stay unresolved
       $ echo 'q' | cupt -s -t experimental full-upgrade --summary-only -o cupt::resolver::score::new=-1000 -o cupt::resolver::score::downgrade=0 | grep "^  "
       W: some solutions were dropped, you may want to increase the value of the 'cupt::resolver::max-solution-count' option
         0 manually installed and 18 automatically installed packages will be installed
         119 manually installed and 464 automatically installed packages will be upgraded
         1 manually installed and 20 automatically installed packages will be removed
         14 manually installed and 37 automatically installed packages will have a not preferred version
         4 dependency problems will stay unresolved

   maximum solution count
       When  an  amount  of  available  solutions is big, you may see the following message while
       resolver is operating:

       W:  some  solutions  were  dropped,  you  may  want  to  increase   the   value   of   the
       'cupt::resolver::max-solution-count' option

       Cupt's  native resolver may have only limited amount of different solutions in the memory,
       and this amount is determined  by  the  value  of  the  cupt::resolver::max-solution-count
       option.  The  default value is enough for requests of small and medium complexity, but may
       be not enough for request of high complexity. So, for systems where there is  enough  free
       RAM, consider increasing the value to values like 4000 or even 16000.

   Getting debug information
       There  are  several types of debug information available, the debug output is turned on by
       setting some debug::type option to yes. All debug output lines is prepended  with  D:  and
       are sent to standard error.

       resolver

              The native resolver will output its resolution tree and scores.

              The debug option is debug::resolver.

       worker

              A debug information regarding scheduling dpkg actions will be printed.

              The debug option is debug::worker.

       downloader

              A debug information regarding downloader's states will be printed.

              The debug option is debug::downloader.

       gpg signatures

              The gpg signature checker will output its debug information.

              The debug option is debug::gpgv.

       logger

              All log messages (of all levels, regardless of logging settings) will be printed as
              debug messages.

              The debug option is debug::logger.

       An example: you want to see a very detailed resolver information regarding your query:

       cupt install exim4 -o debug::resolver=yes 2>resolver.debug.log

       A debug information will be put to a file resolver.debug.log.