Provided by: aircrack-ng_1.6+git20210130.91820bc-2_amd64 bug

NAME

       airbase-ng  - multi-purpose tool aimed at attacking clients as opposed to the Access Point
       (AP) itself

SYNOPSIS

       airbase-ng [options] <interface name>

DESCRIPTION

       airbase-ng is multi-purpose tool aimed at attacking clients as opposed to the Access Point
       (AP)  itself.  Since  it is so versatile and flexible, summarizing it is a challenge. Here
       are some of the feature highlights:

       - Implements the Caffe Latte WEP client attack
       - Implements the Hirte WEP client attack
       - Ability to cause the WPA/WPA2 handshake to be captured
       - Ability to act as an ad-hoc Access Point
       - Ability to act as a full Access Point
       - Ability to filter by SSID or client MAC addresses
       - Ability to manipulate and resend packets
       - Ability to encrypt sent packets and decrypt received packets

       The main idea is of the implementation is that it should encourage  clients  to  associate
       with the fake AP, not prevent them from accessing the real AP.

       A  tap  interface  (atX)  is  created  when airbase-ng is run. This can be used to receive
       decrypted packets or to send encrypted packets.

       As real clients will most probably send probe  requests  for  common/configured  networks,
       these  frames  are important for binding a client to our softAP. In this case, the AP will
       respond to any probe request with a proper probe  response,  which  tells  the  client  to
       authenticate  to  the  airbase-ng BSSID. That being said, this mode could possibly disrupt
       the correct functionality of many APs on the same channel.

OPTIONS

       -H, --help
              Shows the help screen.

       -a <bssid>
              If the BSSID is not explicitly specified by using "-a <BSSID>",  then  the  current
              MAC of the specified interface is used.

       -i <iface>
              Also capture and process from this interface in addition to the replay interface.

       -w <WEP key>
              If  WEP  should  be  used as encryption, then the parameter "-w <WEP key>" sets the
              en-/decryption key. This is sufficient to let airbase-ng set  all  the  appropriate
              flags by itself.  If the softAP operates with WEP encryption, the client can choose
              to use open system authentication or shared key authentication. Both authentication
              methods  are  supported  by airbase-ng. But to get a keystream, the user can try to
              force the client to use shared key authentication. "-s" forces a  shared  key  auth
              and "-S <len>" sets the challenge length.

       -h <MAC>
              This  is  the  source  MAC  for the man-in-the-middle attack. The "-M" must also be
              specified.

       -f <disallow>
              If this option is not specified, it defaults to "-f allow". This means the  various
              client MAC filters (-d and -D) define which clients to accept.

              By using the "-f disallow" option, this reverses selection and causes airbase-ng to
              ignore the clients specified by the filters.

       -W <0|1>
              This sets the beacon WEP flag. Remember that clients will normally only connect  to
              APs which are the same as themselves. Meaning WEP to WEP, open to open.

              The  "auto"  option  is  to allow airbase-ng to automatically set the flag based on
              context of the other options specified. For example, if you set a WEP key with  -w,
              then the beacon flag would be set to WEP.

              One  other  use  of  "auto"  is to deal with clients which can automatically adjust
              their connection type. However, these are few and far between.

              In practice, it is best to set the value to the type of  clients  you  are  dealing
              with.

       -q     This suppresses printing any statistics or status information.

       -v     This prints additional messages and details to assist in debugging.

       -M     This  option  is  not  implemented  yet.  It  is a man-in-the-middle attack between
              specified clients and BSSIDs.

       -A, --ad-hoc
              This causes airbase-ng to act as an ad-hoc client instead of a normal Access Point.

              In  ad-hoc  mode  airbase-ng   also   sends   beacons,   but   doesn't   need   any
              authentication/association.  It  can  be  activated by using "-A". The soft AP will
              adjust all flags needed to simulate a station  in  ad-hoc  mode  automatically  and
              generate  a random MAC, which is used as CELL MAC instead of the BSSID. This can be
              overwritten by the "-a <BSSID>" tag. The interface MAC will then be used as  source
              mac, which can be changed with "-h <sourceMAC>".

       -Y <in|out|both>
              The  parameter  "-Y"  enables the "external processing" Mode. This creates a second
              interface "atX", which is used to replay/modify/drop or  inject  packets  at  will.
              This interface must also be brought up with ifconfig and an external tool is needed
              to create a loop on that interface.

              The packet structure is rather simple: the ethernet header (14  bytes)  is  ignored
              and  right after that follows the complete ieee80211 frame the same way it is going
              to be processed by airbase-ng (for incoming packets) or before the packets will  be
              sent  out  of  the  wireless card (outgoing packets). This mode intercepts all data
              packets and loops them through an external application, which decides what  happens
              with  them.  The  MAC  and  IP  of the second tap interface doesn't matter, as real
              ethernet frames on this interface are dropped anyway.

              There are 3 arguments for "-Y": "in", "out" and "both", which specify the direction
              of  frames  to loop through the external application. Obviously "in" redirects only
              incoming (through the wireless NIC) frames, while outgoing frames  aren't  touched.
              "out"  does  the opposite, it only loops outgoing packets and "both" sends all both
              directions through the second tap interface.

              There is a small and simple example application to replay all frames on the  second
              interface.  The tool is called "replay.py" and is located in "./test". It's written
              in python, but the language doesn't matter. It uses pcapy to read  the  frames  and
              scapy  to  possibly  alter/show  and reinject the frames. The tool as it is, simply
              replays all frames and prints a short summary of the received frames. The  variable
              "packet"  contains the complete ieee80211 packet, which can easily be dissected and
              modified using scapy.

              This can be compared  to  ettercap  filters,  but  is  more  powerful,  as  a  real
              programming  language  can  be used to build complex logic for filtering and packet
              customization. The downside on using python is, that it  adds  a  delay  of  around
              100ms  and  the  cpu  utilizations is rather large on a high speed network, but its
              perfect for a demonstration with only a few lines of code.

       -c <channel>
              This is used to specify the channel on which to run the Access Point.

       -X, --hidden
              This causes the Access Point to hide the SSID and to not broadcast the value.

       -s     When specfiied, this forces shared key authentication for all clients.

              The soft AP will send an "authentication method unsupported" rejection to any  open
              system authentication request if "-s" is specified.

       -S     It sets the shared key challenge length, which can be anything from 16 to 1480. The
              default is 128 bytes. It is the number of bytes used in the random challenge. Since
              one  tag  can  contain  a  maximum  size  of 255 bytes, any value above 255 creates
              several challenge tags until all specified bytes are written. Many  clients  ignore
              values different than 128 bytes so this option may not always work.

       -L, --caffe-latte
              Airbase-ng  also  contains the new caffe-latte attack, which is also implemented in
              aireplay-ng as attack "-6". It can be used with "-L" or "caffe-latte". This  attack
              specifically  works against clients, as it waits for a broadcast arp request, which
              happens to be a gratuitous arp. See this for an explanation of  what  a  gratuitous
              arp is. It then flips a few bits in the sender MAC and IP, corrects the ICV (crc32)
              value and sends it back to the client, where it  came  from.  The  point  why  this
              attack  works  in  practice is, that at least windows sends gratuitous arps after a
              connection on layer 2 is established and a static ip is  set,  or  dhcp  fails  and
              windows assigned an IP out of 169.254.X.X.

              "-x <pps>" sets the number of packets per second to send when performing the caffe-
              latte attack. At the moment, this attack doesn't stop, it  continuously  sends  arp
              requests. Airodump-ng is needed to capture the replies.

       -N, --cfrag
              This  attack  listens  for an ARP request or IP packet from the client. Once one is
              received, a small amount of PRGA is extracted  and  then  used  to  create  an  ARP
              request  packet  targeted to the client. This ARP request is actually made of up of
              multiple packet fragments such that when received, the client will respond.

              This attack works especially well against ad-hoc networks. As well it can  be  used
              against softAP clients and normal AP clients.

       -x <nbpps>
              This  sets  the  number  of  packets per second that packets will be sent (default:
              100).

       -y     When using this option, the fake  AP  will  not  respond  to  broadcast  probes.  A
              broadcast  probe  is  where  the specific AP is not identified uniquely. Typically,
              most APs will respond with probe responses to a broadcast  probe.  This  flag  will
              prevent  this  happening.  It  will  only  respond when the specific AP is uniquely
              requested.

       -0     This enables all WPA/WPA2/WEP Tags to be enabled in the beacons sent. It cannot  be
              specified when also using -z or -Z.

       -z <type>
              This  specifies  the  WPA  beacon tags. The valid values are: 1=WEP40 2=TKIP 3=WRAP
              4=CCMP 5=WEP104.

       -Z <type>
              same as -z, but for WPA2

       -V <type>
              This specifies the valid EAPOL types. The valid values are: 1=MD5 2=SHA1 3=auto

       -F <prefix>
              This option causes airbase-ng to write all sent and received packets to a pcap file
              on disk. This is the file prefix (like airodump-ng -w).

       -P     This causes the fake access point to respond to all probes regardless of the ESSIDs
              specified.

       -I <interval>
              This sets the time in milliseconds between each beacon.

       -C <seconds>
              The wildcard ESSIDs will also be beaconed this number of seconds.  A  good  typical
              value to use is "-C 60" (require -P).

       -n <hex>
              ANonce  (nonce  from  the  AP)  to  use  instead of a randomized one. It must be 64
              hexadecimal characters.

       Filter options:

       --bssid <MAC>, -b <MAC>
              BSSID to filter/use.

       --bssids <file>, -B <file>
              Read a list of BSSIDs out of that file.

       --client <MAC>, -d <MAC>
              MAC of client to accept.

       --clients <file>, -D <file>
              Read a list of client's MACs out of that file.

       --essid <ESSID>, -e <ESSID>
              Specify  a  single   ESSID.   For   SSID   containing   special   characters,   see
              https://www.aircrack-
              ng.org/doku.php?id=faq#how_to_use_spaces_double_quote_and_single_quote_etc_in_ap_names

       --essids <file>, -E <file>
              Read a list of ESSIDs out of that file. It will use the same BSSID for all AP which
              can    generate    some     interesting     output     in     Airodump-ng     like:
              http://www.chimplabs.com/blog/2015/09/24/unintentional-fun-with-aircrack-ng-at-
              derbycon-5-0/

AUTHOR

       This manual page was  written  by  Thomas  d'Otreppe.   Permission  is  granted  to  copy,
       distribute  and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU General Public License,
       Version 2 or any later version  published  by  the  Free  Software  Foundation  On  Debian
       systems,   the  complete  text  of  the  GNU  General  Public  License  can  be  found  in
       /usr/share/common-licenses/GPL.

SEE ALSO

       aireplay-ng(8)
       airmon-ng(8)
       airodump-ng(8)
       airodump-ng-oui-update(8)
       airserv-ng(8)
       airtun-ng(8)
       besside-ng(8)
       easside-ng(8)
       tkiptun-ng(8)
       wesside-ng(8)
       aircrack-ng(1)
       airdecap-ng(1)
       airdecloak-ng(1)
       airolib-ng(1)
       besside-ng-crawler(1)
       buddy-ng(1)
       ivstools(1)
       kstats(1)
       makeivs-ng(1)
       packetforge-ng(1)
       wpaclean(1)
       airventriloquist(8)