Provided by: pari-gp_2.15.4-2_amd64 bug

NAME

       gp - The PARI calculator

SYNOPSIS

       gp  [-s  stacksize]  [-p  primelimit]  [--emacs]  [-f|--fast]  [-q|--quiet]  [-D|--default
       key=val] [--help] [--test] [--texmacs] [--version] [--version-short] [ file1 file2 ...]

DESCRIPTION

       Invokes the PARI-GP calculator gp; gp is an advanced programmable calculator, specializing
       in  number  theory,  which  computes  symbolically  as long as possible, numerically where
       needed, and contains a wealth of arithmetic functions:  factorizations,  elliptic  curves,
       Galois  theory,  class  field  theory,  modular  forms,  etc.  Commands, written in the GP
       scripting language, are input interactively or loaded from files.

       If present at the end of the command line, files 'file1',  'file2',  ...   are  loaded  on
       startup; they must be written in the GP language.

OPTIONS

       Command  line  options  are  available  in  both  short form (-f) and POSIX-like (--fast).
       Numeric arguments can be followed by a modifier k , M or G at the user's  convenience;  in
       that case the argument is multiplied by 10^3, 10^6, or 10^9 respectively.

       -f, --fast
              Fast start (or factory settings). Do not read .gprc (see below) upon startup.

       -p limit
              [DEPRECATED]  Upon  startup,  gp  computes  a table of small primes used in number-
              theoretic applications. If primelimit is set, the table include primes up  to  that
              bound  instead  of  the default (= 500000). It is now mostly useless to change this
              value.

       -q, --quiet
              Quiet mode. Do not print headers or history numbers and do not say goodbye.

       -D, --default key=val
              performs default(key, val); on startup, overriding values from the gprc preferences
              file.  'val' must be a constant value and is not allowed to involve any computation
              (e.g. 1+1 is forbidden). Any number of such default-setting statements  may  appear
              on  the  command  line.  A  key  may be set multiple times, the last setting taking
              precedence

       -s limit
              Size of gp internal stack allocated on startup. When  gp  runs  out  of  space,  it
              interrupts  the  current computation and raises a stack overflow exception. If this
              occurs frequently, start with a bigger stack. The stack size can also be  increased
              from  within  gp,  using  default(parisize,limit); it is convenient to set parisize
              from your .gprc to that the setting is persistent across sessions; a value of  80MB
              is  sensible.   We  strongly  advise  to  also  set parisizemax to a positive, much
              larger, value in your .gprc (about what you believe your machine can stand, usually
              half  the  available  RAM  or  so): this strives to fit computation in the parisize
              range but allows it to temporarily go beyond it (up  to  parisizemax).   Note  that
              computations  with  a  smaller  stack  may  be  more  efficient  due to better data
              locality. Finally,  threadsize  and  threadsizemax  play  analogous  roles  in  the
              parallel version of gp.

       --emacs
              gp  can  be  run in an Emacs shell (see GP User's manual for details). This flag is
              then required for smooth interaction with the PariEmacs package  (pari.el).  It  is
              set  automatically by the pari.el package, and will produce display oddities if you
              set it outside of an Emacs session.

       --help print a summary of available command-line options.

       --test run gp in test mode: suppress printing of history  numbers  and  wrap  long  output
              lines (to get readable diff output). For benches only.

       --texmacs
              gp  can  be  run  from  a  TeXmacs frontend. This flag is set by TeXmacs, to enable
              special purpose communication channels. Do not set it yourself.

       --version
              output version info (banner) then exit.

       --version-short
              output version number then exit.

USE

       ?      to get online help.

       ??     to get extended online help (more precisely, to call  the  external  help  program,
              gphelp by default)

       quit   (or \q), or EOF (Ctrl-D) to quit gp.

       The following works only when gp was linked with GNU readline library:

       arrow keys
              for editing and viewing the input history.

       TAB
               for automatic completion

MANUALS

       The following material is included in the standard distribution (originally in TeX format)
       and can also be downloaded at
              http://pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr/doc.html
       or viewed online at
              http://pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr/dochtml/html/

       The User's Guide to PARI/GP
              (users.dvi)

       The User's Guide to the PARI library
              (library.dvi)

       The Developer's Guide to the PARI library
              (develop.dvi)

       PARI/GP, a tutorial
              (tutorial.dvi)

       PARI/GP reference cards
              (refcard*.dvi)

FILES

       gp     main executable

       $HOME/.gprc
              (or $GPRC if set) user preference file, read at beginning of execution by  each  gp
              shell.  A  default  gprc  gprc.dft  is provided with the distribution. If this file
              cannot be found, /etc/gprc is checked instead.

       <logfile>
              a file used to log in all commands and results; default: pari.log (you need to  set
              the log default in your gprc or interactively)

       <psfile>
              a file used to dump PostScript drawings; default: pari.ps

       <histfile>
              a  file  where  gp  will  keep a history of all input commands (you need to set the
              histfile default in the gprc file)

       gphelp default external help program (as above)

       *.gp   GP programs

ENVIRONMENT

       $GPRC  place to look for the user's preference file (gprc); if the file does not exist, we
              then check in $HOME/.gprc, /etc/gprc, and finally for a file named 'gprc' in PARI's
              datadir.

       $GP_DATA_DIR
              directory containing data installed by optional PARI packages.   For  example,  the
              Galois  resolvents files in directory galdata/ needed by the polgalois function, in
              degrees 8 to 11; or the modular polynomials in seadata/ used by the ellap  function
              for  large  base  fields.  This  environment  variable  overrides PARI's 'datadir',
              defined at Configure time.

       $GP_POSTSCRIPT_VIEWER
              an application able to display PostScript files, used by the plotps graphic engine.
              This  engine  is  a  fallback  used  to output hi-res plots even when no compatible
              graphical library was available on your platform  at  Configure  time.  (Dumps  the
              graph to a temporary file, then open the file.)

       $GP_SVG_VIEWER
              an  application  able  to  display  SVG  images  files, used by the plotsvg graphic
              engine. This engine is a  fallback  used  to  output  hi-res  plots  even  when  no
              compatible  graphical  library  was  available  on your platform at Configure time.
              (Dumps the graph to a temporary file, then open the file.)

       $GPHELP
              name of the external help program invoked by ?? and ??? shortcuts.

       $GPTMPDIR
              name of the directory where temporary files will be generated.

HOME PAGE

       PARI's home page resides at
              http://pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr/

MAILING LISTS

       There are a number of mailing lists devoted to the  PARI/GP  package,  and  most  feedback
       should be directed to those. See
              http://pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr/lists.html
       for details. The most important ones are:

       - pari-announce (moderated): for us to announce major version changes.

       -  pari-dev:  for  everything  related  to the development of PARI, including suggestions,
       technical questions, bug reports or patch submissions.

       - pari-users: for discuss about everything else, in particular ask for help.

       To subscribe, send  empty  messages  with  a  Subject:  containing  the  word  "subscribe"
       respectively to

          pari-announce-request@pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr

          pari-users-request@pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr

          pari-dev-request@pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr

BUG REPORTS

       Bugs  should  be  submitted  online to our Bug Tracking System, available from PARI's home
       page, or directly from the URL
              http://pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr/Bugs/
       Further instructions can be found on that page.

TRIVIA

       Despite the leading G, GP has nothing to do with GNU. The  first  version  was  originally
       called  GPC,  for  Great  Programmable Calculator. When people started calling it "the GPC
       Calculator", the trailing C was dropped.

       PARI has nothing to do with the French capital. The name is  a  pun  about  the  project's
       early  stages  when  the authors started to implement a library for "Pascal ARIthmetic" in
       the PASCAL programming language. They quickly switched to C.

       For the benefit of non-native French speakers, here's  a  slightly  expanded  explanation:
       Blaise Pascal (1623-1662) was a famous French mathematician and philosopher who was one of
       the founders of probability and devised one of the first "arithmetic  machines".  He  once
       proposed  the  following  "proof"  of the existence of God for the unbelievers: whether He
       exists or not I lose nothing by believing in Him, whereas if He does  and  I  misbehave...
       This is the so-called "pari de Pascal" (Pascal's Wager).

       Note that PARI also means "fairy" in Persian.

AUTHORS

       PARI  was  originally  written  by  Christian  Batut, Dominique Bernardi, Henri Cohen, and
       Michel Olivier in Laboratoire A2X (Universite Bordeaux I, France), and was  maintained  by
       Henri Cohen up to version 1.39.15 (1995), and by Karim Belabas since then.

       A  great number of people have contributed to the successive improvements which eventually
       resulted in the present version. See the AUTHORS file in the distribution.

SEE ALSO

       gap(1), gphelp(1), perl(1), readline(3), sage(1), tex(1), texmacs(1),

COPYING

       This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of
       the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation.

       This  program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY;
       without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR  PURPOSE.
       See the GNU General Public License for more details.

       You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program;
       if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave,  Cambridge,  MA  02139,
       USA.

                                        11 September 2017                                   GP(1)