Provided by: gdal-bin_3.7.1+dfsg-1build1_amd64 bug

NAME

       ogr2ogr - Converts simple features data between file formats.

SYNOPSIS

          ogr2ogr [--help-general] [-skipfailures] [-append | -upsert] [-update]
                  [-select field_list] [-where restricted_where|@filename]
                  [-progress] [-sql <sql statement>|@filename] [-dialect dialect]
                  [-preserve_fid] [-fid FID] [-limit nb_features]
                  [-spat xmin ymin xmax ymax] [-spat_srs srs_def] [-geomfield field]
                  [-a_srs srs_def] [-t_srs srs_def] [-s_srs srs_def] [-ct string]
                  [-f format_name] [-overwrite] [[-dsco NAME=VALUE] ...]
                  dst_datasource_name src_datasource_name
                  [-lco NAME=VALUE] [-nln name]
                  [-nlt type|PROMOTE_TO_MULTI|CONVERT_TO_LINEAR|CONVERT_TO_CURVE]
                  [-dim XY|XYZ|XYM|XYZM|2|3|layer_dim] [layer [layer ...]]

                  # Advanced options
                  [-gt n]
                  [[-oo NAME=VALUE] ...] [[-doo NAME=VALUE] ...]
                  [-clipsrc [xmin ymin xmax ymax]|WKT|datasource|spat_extent]
                  [-clipsrcsql sql_statement] [-clipsrclayer layer]
                  [-clipsrcwhere expression]
                  [-clipdst [xmin ymin xmax ymax]|WKT|datasource]
                  [-clipdstsql sql_statement] [-clipdstlayer layer]
                  [-clipdstwhere expression]
                  [-wrapdateline] [-datelineoffset val]
                  [[-simplify tolerance] | [-segmentize max_dist]]
                  [-makevalid]
                  [-addfields] [-unsetFid] [-emptyStrAsNull]
                  [-relaxedFieldNameMatch] [-forceNullable] [-unsetDefault]
                  [-fieldTypeToString All|(type1[,type2]*)] [-unsetFieldWidth]
                  [-mapFieldType type1|All=type2[,type3=type4]*]
                  [-dateTimeTo UTC|UTC(+|-)HH|UTC(+|-)HH:MM]]
                  [-fieldmap identity | index1[,index2]*]
                  [-splitlistfields] [-maxsubfields val]
                  [-resolveDomains]
                  [-explodecollections] [-zfield field_name]
                  [-gcp ungeoref_x ungeoref_y georef_x georef_y [elevation]]* [-order n | -tps]
                  [[-s_coord_epoch epoch] | [-t_coord_epoch epoch] | [-a_coord_epoch epoch]]
                  [-nomd] [-mo "META-TAG=VALUE"]* [-noNativeData]

DESCRIPTION

       ogr2ogr  can  be  used  to  convert simple features data between file formats. It can also
       perform various operations during the process, such as  spatial  or  attribute  selection,
       reducing  the set of attributes, setting the output coordinate system or even reprojecting
       the features during translation.

       -f <format_name>
              Output file format name, e.g. ESRI Shapefile, MapInfo File,  PostgreSQL.   Starting
              with  GDAL  2.3,  if  not  specified,  the  format  is  guessed  from the extension
              (previously was ESRI Shapefile).

       -append
              Append to existing layer instead of creating new. This option also enables -update.

       -upsert
              New in version 3.6.

              Variant of -append where the OGRLayer::UpsertFeature() operation is used to  insert
              or update features instead of appending with OGRLayer::CreateFeature().

              This  is currently implemented only in a few drivers: GPKG -- GeoPackage vector and
              MongoDBv3.

              The upsert operation uses the FID of the input feature, when it is  set  and  is  a
              "significant"  (that is the FID column name is not the empty string), as the key to
              update existing features. It is crucial to make sure that the FID in the source and
              target layers are consistent.

              For  the  GPKG driver, it is also possible to upsert features whose FID is unset or
              non-significant (-unsetFid can be used to ignore the FID from the source  feature),
              when there is a UNIQUE column that is not the integer primary key.

       -overwrite
              Delete the output layer and recreate it empty

       -update
              Open  existing  output datasource in update mode rather than trying to create a new
              one

       -select <field_list>
              Comma-delimited list of fields from input layer to copy to the new layer.  A  field
              is  skipped  if  mentioned  previously  in  the  list  even  if the input layer has
              duplicate field names. (Defaults to all; any field is skipped if a subsequent field
              with same name is found.) Geometry fields can also be specified in the list.

              Note this setting cannot be used together with -append. To control the selection of
              fields when appending to a layer, use -fieldmap or -sql.

       -progress
              Display progress on terminal. Only works if input layers  have  the  "fast  feature
              count" capability.

       -sql <sql_statement>
              SQL  statement  to  execute. The resulting table/layer will be saved to the output.
              Starting with GDAL 2.1, the @filename syntax can  be  used  to  indicate  that  the
              content is in the pointed filename.

       -dialect <dialect>
              SQL dialect. In some cases can be used to use (unoptimized) OGR SQL dialect instead
              of the native SQL of an RDBMS by passing the OGRSQL dialect value.  The SQL  SQLite
              dialect  dialect  can be select with the SQLITE and INDIRECT_SQLITE dialect values,
              and this can be used with any datasource.

       -where restricted_where
              Attribute query (like SQL WHERE). Starting with GDAL 2.1, the @filename syntax  can
              be used to indicate that the content is in the pointed filename.

       -skipfailures
              Continue after a failure, skipping the failed feature.

       -spat <xmin> <ymin> <xmax> <ymax>
              spatial query extents, in the SRS of the source layer(s) (or the one specified with
              -spat_srs). Only features whose geometry intersects the extents will  be  selected.
              The geometries will not be clipped unless -clipsrc is specified.

       -spat_srs <srs_def>
              Override spatial filter SRS.

       -geomfield <field>
              Name of the geometry field on which the spatial filter operates on.

       -dsco NAME=VALUE
              Dataset creation option (format specific)

       -lco NAME=VALUE
              Layer creation option (format specific)

       -nln <name>
              Assign an alternate name to the new layer

       -nlt <type>
              Define  the  geometry  type  for  the  created layer. One of NONE, GEOMETRY, POINT,
              LINESTRING, POLYGON, GEOMETRYCOLLECTION, MULTIPOINT, MULTIPOLYGON, MULTILINESTRING,
              CIRCULARSTRING,   COMPOUNDCURVE,   CURVEPOLYGON,   MULTICURVE,   and   MULTISURFACE
              non-linear geometry types. Add Z, M, or ZM to the type name to specify  coordinates
              with  elevation, measure, or elevation and measure. PROMOTE_TO_MULTI can be used to
              automatically promote layers that mix polygon or  multipolygons  to  multipolygons,
              and  layers  that  mix  linestrings or multilinestrings to multilinestrings. Can be
              useful when  converting  shapefiles  to  PostGIS  and  other  target  drivers  that
              implement  strict  checks  for geometry types.  CONVERT_TO_LINEAR can be used to to
              convert non-linear geometry types into linear geometry types by approximating them,
              and  CONVERT_TO_CURVE  to  promote  a non-linear type to its generalized curve type
              (POLYGON   to   CURVEPOLYGON,   MULTIPOLYGON   to   MULTISURFACE,   LINESTRING   to
              COMPOUNDCURVE,  MULTILINESTRING  to MULTICURVE). Starting with version 2.1 the type
              can be defined as measured ("25D" remains as an alias for single "Z"). Some  forced
              geometry  conversions  may  result  in invalid geometries, for example when forcing
              conversion of multi-part multipolygons with -nlt  POLYGON,  the  resulting  polygon
              will break the Simple Features rules.

              Starting  with  GDAL 3.0.5, -nlt CONVERT_TO_LINEAR and -nlt PROMOTE_TO_MULTI can be
              used simultaneously.

       -dim <val>
              Force the coordinate dimension to val (valid values are XY, XYZ, XYM,  and  XYZM  -
              for  backwards  compatibility 2 is an alias for XY and 3 is an alias for XYZ). This
              affects both the layer geometry type, and feature geometries. The value can be  set
              to  layer_dim  to  instruct  feature  geometries  to  be promoted to the coordinate
              dimension declared by the layer. Support for M was added in GDAL 2.1.

       -a_srs <srs_def>
              Assign an output SRS, but without reprojecting (use -t_srs to reproject)

              The coordinate reference systems that can be passed are anything supported  by  the
              OGRSpatialReference.SetFromUserInput()   call,   which   includes  EPSG  Projected,
              Geographic  or  Compound  CRS  (i.e.  EPSG:4296),  a  well  known  text  (WKT)  CRS
              definition,  PROJ.4  declarations,  or the name of a .prj file containing a WKT CRS
              definition.

       -a_coord_epoch <epoch>
              New in version 3.4.

              Assign a coordinate epoch, linked with the output SRS. Useful when the  output  SRS
              is a dynamic CRS. Only taken into account if -a_srs is used.

       -t_srs <srs_def>
              Reproject/transform to this SRS on output, and assign it as output SRS.

              A source SRS must be available for reprojection to occur. The source SRS will be by
              default the one found in the source layer when it is available, or as overridden by
              the user with -s_srs

              The  coordinate  reference systems that can be passed are anything supported by the
              OGRSpatialReference.SetFromUserInput()  call,  which   includes   EPSG   Projected,
              Geographic  or  Compound  CRS  (i.e.  EPSG:4296),  a  well  known  text  (WKT)  CRS
              definition, PROJ.4 declarations, or the name of a .prj file containing  a  WKT  CRS
              definition.

       -t_coord_epoch <epoch>
              New in version 3.4.

              Assign  a  coordinate epoch, linked with the output SRS. Useful when the output SRS
              is a dynamic CRS. Only taken into account if -t_srs is used. It  is  also  mutually
              exclusive with  -a_coord_epoch.

              Currently  -s_coord_epoch and -t_coord_epoch are mutually exclusive, due to lack of
              support for transformations between two dynamic CRS.

       -s_srs <srs_def>
              Override source SRS. If not specified the SRS found in  the  input  layer  will  be
              used. This option has only an effect if used together with -t_srs to reproject.

              The  coordinate  reference systems that can be passed are anything supported by the
              OGRSpatialReference.SetFromUserInput()  call,  which   includes   EPSG   Projected,
              Geographic  or  Compound  CRS  (i.e.  EPSG:4296),  a  well  known  text  (WKT)  CRS
              definition, PROJ.4 declarations, or the name of a .prj file containing  a  WKT  CRS
              definition.

       -s_coord_epoch <epoch>
              New in version 3.4.

              Assign  a  coordinate epoch, linked with the source SRS. Useful when the source SRS
              is a dynamic CRS. Only taken into account if -s_srs is used.

              Currently -s_coord_epoch and -t_coord_epoch are mutually exclusive, due to lack  of
              support for transformations between two dynamic CRS.

       -ct <string>
              A  PROJ  string  (single  step  operation  or  multiple  step  string starting with
              +proj=pipeline),  a  WKT2   string   describing   a   CoordinateOperation,   or   a
              urn:ogc:def:coordinateOperation:EPSG::XXXX     URN     overriding    the    default
              transformation from the source to the target CRS. It must  take  into  account  the
              axis order of the source and target CRS.

              New in version 3.0.

       -preserve_fid
              Use  the  FID  of  the  source  features  instead  of  letting  the  output  driver
              automatically assign a new one (for formats that require a FID). If not  in  append
              mode,  this  behavior  is the default if the output driver has a FID layer creation
              option, in which case the name of the source FID column will  be  used  and  source
              feature  IDs  will  be  attempted to be preserved. This behavior can be disabled by
              setting -unsetFid.

       -fid fid
              If provided, only the feature with the specified  feature  id  will  be  processed.
              Operates exclusive of the spatial or attribute queries. Note: if you want to select
              several features based on their feature id, you can also use the fact the 'fid'  is
              a  special  field  recognized  by OGR SQL. So, -where "fid in (1,3,5)" would select
              features 1, 3 and 5.

       -limit nb_features
              Limit the number of features per layer.

       -oo NAME=VALUE
              Input dataset open option (format specific).

       -doo NAME=VALUE
              Destination dataset open option (format specific), only valid in -update mode.

       -gt n  Group n features per transaction (default 100 000). Increase the value  for  better
              performance  when writing into DBMS drivers that have transaction support. n can be
              set to unlimited to load the data into a single transaction.

       -ds_transaction
              Force the use of a  dataset  level  transaction  (for  drivers  that  support  such
              mechanism),  especially for drivers such as FileGDB that only support dataset level
              transaction in emulation mode.

       -clipsrc [xmin ymin xmax ymax]|WKT|datasource|spat_extent
              Clip geometries to one of the following:

              • the specified bounding box (expressed in source SRS)

              • a WKT geometry (POLYGON or MULTIPOLYGON expressed in source SRS)

              • one or more geometries selected from a datasource

              • the spatial extent of the -spat option if you use the spat_extent keyword.

              When  specifying  a  datasource,  you  will  generally  want  to  use  -clipsrc  in
              combination of the -clipsrclayer, -clipsrcwhere or -clipsrcsql options.

       -clipsrcsql <sql_statement>
              Select desired geometries from the source clip datasource using an SQL query.

       -clipsrclayer <layername>
              Select the named layer from the source clip datasource.

       -clipsrcwhere <expression>
              Restrict desired geometries from the source clip layer based on an attribute query.

       -clipdst [<xmin> <ymin> <xmax> <ymax>]|WKT|datasource
              Clip geometries to one of the following:

              • the specified bounding box (expressed in destination SRS)

              • a WKT geometry (POLYGON or MULTIPOLYGON expressed in destination SRS)

              • one or more geometries selected from a datasource

              When  specifying  a  datasource,  you  will  generally  want  to  use  -clipdst  in
              combination with the -clipdstlayer, -clipdstwhere or -clipdstsql options.

       -clipdstsql <sql_statement>
              Select desired geometries from the destination clip datasource using an SQL query.

       -clipdstlayer <layername>
              Select the named layer from the destination clip datasource.

       -clipdstwhere <expression>
              Restrict desired geometries from the destination clip layer based on  an  attribute
              query.

       -wrapdateline
              Split geometries crossing the dateline meridian (long. = +/- 180deg)

       -datelineoffset
              Offset  from  dateline  in  degrees  (default  long. = +/- 10deg, geometries within
              170deg to -170deg will be split)

       -simplify <tolerance>
              Distance tolerance for simplification. Note: the algorithm used preserves  topology
              per feature, in particular for polygon geometries, but not for a whole layer.

       -segmentize <max_dist>
              Maximum distance between 2 nodes. Used to create intermediate points.

       -makevalid
              Run       the       OGRGeometry::MakeValid()       operation,      followed      by
              OGRGeometryFactory::removeLowerDimensionSubGeoms(), on geometries  to  ensure  they
              are valid regarding the rules of the Simple Features specification.

       -fieldTypeToString type1,...
              Converts  any  field  of  the  specified  type  to  a  field  of type string in the
              destination layer. Valid types are : Integer, Integer64, Real, String, Date,  Time,
              DateTime,  Binary,  IntegerList, Integer64List, RealList, StringList. Special value
              All can be used to convert all fields to strings.  This  is  an  alternate  way  to
              using  the  CAST  operator of OGR SQL, that may avoid typing a long SQL query. Note
              that this does not influence the field types used by the source driver, and is only
              an afterwards conversion.

       -mapFieldType srctype|All=dsttype,...
              Converts  any  field  of  the  specified  type  to  another type. Valid types are :
              Integer, Integer64,  Real,  String,  Date,  Time,  DateTime,  Binary,  IntegerList,
              Integer64List,  RealList,  StringList.  Types  can  also  include  subtype  between
              parenthesis, such as Integer(Boolean), Real(Float32), ...  Special value All can be
              used  to  convert all fields to another type. This is an alternate way to using the
              CAST operator of OGR SQL, that may avoid  typing  a  long  SQL  query.  This  is  a
              generalization  of -fieldTypeToString.  Note that this does not influence the field
              types used by the source driver, and is only an afterwards conversion.

       -dateTimeTo UTC|UTC(+|-)HH|UTC(+|-)HH:MM]
              Converts date time values from the timezone specified in the source  value  to  the
              target  timezone expressed with -dateTimeTo.  Datetime whose timezone is unknown or
              localtime are not modified.

              HH must be in the [0,14] range and MM=00, 15, 30 or 45.

       -unsetFieldWidth
              Set field width and precision to 0.

       -splitlistfields
              Split fields of type StringList, RealList or IntegerList into  as  many  fields  of
              type String, Real or Integer as necessary.

       -maxsubfields <val>
              To  be  combined with -splitlistfields to limit the number of subfields created for
              each split field.

       -explodecollections
              Produce one feature for each geometry in any kind of  geometry  collection  in  the
              source file, applied after any -sql option.

       -zfield <field_name>
              Uses the specified field to fill the Z coordinate of geometries.

       -gcp <ungeoref_x> <ungeoref_y> <georef_x> <georef_y> <elevation>
              Add  the indicated ground control point. This option may be provided multiple times
              to provide a set of GCPs.

       -order <n>
              Order of polynomial used for  warping  (1  to  3).  The  default  is  to  select  a
              polynomial order based on the number of GCPs.

       -tps   Force use of thin plate spline transformer based on available GCPs.

       -fieldmap
              Specifies  the  list  of  field  indexes  to  be  copied  from  the  source  to the
              destination. The (n)th value specified in the list is the index of the field in the
              target  layer  definition  in  which  the  n(th)  field of the source layer must be
              copied. Index count starts at zero. To omit a field, specify a value of  -1.  There
              must be exactly as many values in the list as the count of the fields in the source
              layer. We can use the 'identity' setting to  specify  that  the  fields  should  be
              transferred  by  using  the same order.  This setting should be used along with the
              -append setting.

       -addfields
              This is a specialized version of -append. Contrary to -append, -addfields  has  the
              effect of adding, to existing target layers, the new fields found in source layers.
              This  option  is  useful  when  merging  files  that  have  non-strictly  identical
              structures. This might not work for output formats that don't support adding fields
              to existing non-empty layers. Note that if you plan to use -addfields, you may need
              to combine it with -forceNullable, including for the initial import.

       -relaxedFieldNameMatch
              Do  field  name matching between source and existing target layer in a more relaxed
              way if the target driver has an implementation for it.

       -forceNullable
              Do not propagate not-nullable constraints to target layer if they exist  in  source
              layer.

       -unsetDefault
              Do  not  propagate  default  field  values  to target layer if they exist in source
              layer.

       -unsetFid
              Can be specified to prevent the name of the source FID column  and  source  feature
              IDs  from being re-used for the target layer. This option can for example be useful
              if selecting source features with a ORDER BY clause.

       -emptyStrAsNull
              New in version 3.3.

              Treat empty string values as null.

       -resolveDomains
              New in version 3.3.

              When this is specified, any selected field that is linked to a coded  field  domain
              will be accompanied by an additional field ({dstfield}_resolved), that will contain
              the description of the coded value.

       -nomd  To disable copying of metadata from source dataset and layers into  target  dataset
              and layers, when supported by output driver.

       -mo META-TAG=VALUE
              Passes  a  metadata  key  and value to set on the output dataset, when supported by
              output driver.

       -noNativeData
              To disable copying of native data, i.e. details of source format  not  captured  by
              OGR  abstraction,  that are otherwise preserved by some drivers (like GeoJSON) when
              converting to same format.

              New in version 2.1.

PERFORMANCE HINTS

       When writing into  transactional  DBMS  (SQLite/PostgreSQL,MySQL,  etc...),  it  might  be
       beneficial  to increase the number of INSERT statements executed between BEGIN TRANSACTION
       and COMMIT TRANSACTION statements. This number is  specified  with  the  -gt  option.  For
       example,  for  SQLite,  explicitly  defining  -gt  65536 ensures optimal performance while
       populating some table containing many hundreds of thousands or millions of rows.  However,
       note that -skipfailures overrides -gt and sets the size of transactions to 1.

       For  PostgreSQL,  the  PG_USE_COPY  config  option  can  be  set  to YES for a significant
       insertion performance boost. See the PG driver documentation page.

       More generally, consult the documentation  page  of  the  input  and  output  drivers  for
       performance hints.

C API

       This utility is also callable from C with GDALVectorTranslate().

EXAMPLES

       Basic conversion from Shapefile to GeoPackage:

          ogr2ogr output.gpkg input.shp

       Change the coordinate reference system from EPSG:4326 to EPSG:3857:

          ogr2ogr -s_srs EPSG:4326 -t_srs EPSG:3857 output.gpkg input.gpkg

       Example appending to an existing layer:

          ogr2ogr -append -f PostgreSQL PG:dbname=warmerda abc.tab

       Clip input layer with a bounding box (<xmin> <ymin> <xmax> <ymax>):

          ogr2ogr -spat -13.931 34.886 46.23 74.12 output.gpkg natural_earth_vector.gpkg

       Filter Features by a -where clause:

          ogr2ogr -where "\"POP_EST\" < 1000000" \
            output.gpkg natural_earth_vector.gpkg ne_10m_admin_0_countries

       Example  reprojecting  from ETRS_1989_LAEA_52N_10E to EPSG:4326 and clipping to a bounding
       box:

          ogr2ogr -wrapdateline -t_srs EPSG:4326 -clipdst -5 40 15 55 france_4326.shp europe_laea.shp

       Example for using the -fieldmap setting. The first field of the source layer  is  used  to
       fill  the third field (index 2 = third field) of the target layer, the second field of the
       source layer is ignored, the third field of the source layer used to fill the fifth  field
       of the target layer.

          ogr2ogr -append -fieldmap 2,-1,4 dst.shp src.shp

       More examples are given in the individual format pages.

AUTHOR

       Frank Warmerdam <warmerdam@pobox.com>, Silke Reimer <silke@intevation.de>

COPYRIGHT

       1998-2023

                                           Jul 06, 2023                                OGR2OGR(1)