Provided by: pgbadger_12.1-1_all bug

NAME

       pgBadger - a fast PostgreSQL log analysis report

SYNOPSIS

       Usage: pgbadger [options] logfile [...]

           PostgreSQL log analyzer with fully detailed reports and graphs.

       Arguments:

           logfile can be a single log file, a list of files, or a shell command
           returning a list of files. If you want to pass log content from stdin
           use - as filename. Note that input from stdin will not work with csvlog.

       Options:

           -a | --average minutes : number of minutes to build the average graphs of
                                    queries and connections. Default 5 minutes.
           -A | --histo-average min: number of minutes to build the histogram graphs
                                    of queries. Default 60 minutes.
           -b | --begin datetime  : start date/time for the data to be parsed in log
                                    (either a timestamp or a time)
           -c | --dbclient host   : only report on entries for the given client host.
           -C | --nocomment       : remove comments like /* ... */ from queries.
           -d | --dbname database : only report on entries for the given database.
           -D | --dns-resolv      : client ip addresses are replaced by their DNS name.
                                    Be warned that this can really slow down pgBadger.
           -e | --end datetime    : end date/time for the data to be parsed in log
                                    (either a timestamp or a time)
           -E | --explode         : explode the main report by generating one report
                                    per database. Global information not related to a
                                    database is added to the postgres database report.
           -f | --format logtype  : possible values: syslog, syslog2, stderr, jsonlog,
                                    csv, pgbouncer, logplex, rds and redshift. Use this
                                    option when pgBadger is not able to detect the log
                                    format.
           -G | --nograph         : disable graphs on HTML output. Enabled by default.
           -h | --help            : show this message and exit.
           -H | --html-outdir path: path to directory where HTML report must be written
                                    in incremental mode, binary files stay on directory
                                    defined with -O, --outdir option.
           -i | --ident name      : programname used as syslog ident. Default: postgres
           -I | --incremental     : use incremental mode, reports will be generated by
                                    days in a separate directory, --outdir must be set.
           -j | --jobs number     : number of jobs to run at same time for a single log
                                    file. Run as single by default or when working with
                                    csvlog format.
           -J | --Jobs number     : number of log files to parse in parallel. Process
                                    one file at a time by default.
           -l | --last-parsed file: allow incremental log parsing by registering the
                                    last datetime and line parsed. Useful if you want
                                    to watch errors since last run or if you want one
                                    report per day with a log rotated each week.
           -L | --logfile-list file:file containing a list of log files to parse.
           -m | --maxlength size  : maximum length of a query, it will be restricted to
                                    the given size. Default truncate size is 100000.
           -M | --no-multiline    : do not collect multiline statements to avoid garbage
                                    especially on errors that generate a huge report.
           -N | --appname name    : only report on entries for given application name
           -o | --outfile filename: define the filename for the output. Default depends
                                    on the output format: out.html, out.txt, out.bin,
                                    or out.json. This option can be used multiple times
                                    to output several formats. To use json output, the
                                    Perl module JSON::XS must be installed, to dump
                                    output to stdout, use - as filename.
           -O | --outdir path     : directory where out files must be saved.
           -p | --prefix string   : the value of your custom log_line_prefix as
                                    defined in your postgresql.conf. Only use it if you
                                    aren't using one of the standard prefixes specified
                                    in the pgBadger documentation, such as if your
                                    prefix includes additional variables like client ip
                                    or application name. See examples below.
           -P | --no-prettify     : disable SQL queries prettify formatter.
           -q | --quiet           : don't print anything to stdout, not even a progress
                                    bar.
           -Q | --query-numbering : add numbering of queries to the output when using
                                    options --dump-all-queries or --normalized-only.
           -r | --remote-host ip  : set the host where to execute the cat command on
                                    remote log file to parse the file locally.
           -R | --retention N     : number of weeks to keep in incremental mode. Defaults
                                    to 0, disabled. Used to set the number of weeks to
                                    keep in output directory. Older weeks and days
                                    directories are automatically removed.
           -s | --sample number   : number of query samples to store. Default: 3.
           -S | --select-only     : only report SELECT queries.
           -t | --top number      : number of queries to store/display. Default: 20.
           -T | --title string    : change title of the HTML page report.
           -u | --dbuser username : only report on entries for the given user.
           -U | --exclude-user username : exclude entries for the specified user from
                                    report. Can be used multiple time.
           -v | --verbose         : enable verbose or debug mode. Disabled by default.
           -V | --version         : show pgBadger version and exit.
           -w | --watch-mode      : only report errors just like logwatch could do.
           -W | --wide-char       : encode html output of queries into UTF8 to avoid
                                    Perl message "Wide character in print".
           -x | --extension       : output format. Values: text, html, bin or json.
                                    Default: html
           -X | --extra-files     : in incremental mode allow pgBadger to write CSS and
                                    JS files in the output directory as separate files.
           -z | --zcat exec_path  : set the full path to the zcat program. Use it if
                                    zcat, bzcat or unzip is not in your path.
           -Z | --timezone +/-XX  : Set the number of hours from GMT of the timezone.
                                    Use this to adjust date/time in JavaScript graphs.
                                    The value can be an integer, ex.: 2, or a float,
                                    ex.: 2.5.
           --pie-limit num        : pie data lower than num% will show a sum instead.
           --exclude-query regex  : any query matching the given regex will be excluded
                                    from the report. For example: "^(VACUUM|COMMIT)"
                                    You can use this option multiple times.
           --exclude-file filename: path of the file that contains each regex to use
                                    to exclude queries from the report. One regex per
                                    line.
           --include-query regex  : any query that does not match the given regex will
                                    be excluded from the report. You can use this
                                    option multiple times. For example: "(tbl1|tbl2)".
           --include-file filename: path of the file that contains each regex to the
                                    queries to include from the report. One regex per
                                    line.
           --disable-error        : do not generate error report.
           --disable-hourly       : do not generate hourly report.
           --disable-type         : do not generate report of queries by type, database
                                    or user.
           --disable-query        : do not generate query reports (slowest, most
                                    frequent, queries by users, by database, ...).
           --disable-session      : do not generate session report.
           --disable-connection   : do not generate connection report.
           --disable-lock         : do not generate lock report.
           --disable-temporary    : do not generate temporary report.
           --disable-checkpoint   : do not generate checkpoint/restartpoint report.
           --disable-autovacuum   : do not generate autovacuum report.
           --charset              : used to set the HTML charset to be used.
                                    Default: utf-8.
           --csv-separator        : used to set the CSV field separator, default: ,
           --exclude-time  regex  : any timestamp matching the given regex will be
                                    excluded from the report. Example: "2013-04-12 .*"
                                    You can use this option multiple times.
           --include-time  regex  : only timestamps matching the given regex will be
                                    included in the report. Example: "2013-04-12 .*"
                                    You can use this option multiple times.
           --exclude-db name      : exclude entries for the specified database from
                                    report. Example: "pg_dump". Can be used multiple
                                    times.
           --exclude-appname name : exclude entries for the specified application name
                                    from report.  Example: "pg_dump".  Can be used
                                    multiple times.
           --exclude-line regex   : exclude any log entry that will match the given
                                    regex. Can be used multiple times.
           --exclude-client name  : exclude log entries for the specified client ip.
                                    Can be used multiple times.
           --anonymize            : obscure all literals in queries, useful to hide
                                    confidential data.
           --noreport             : no reports will be created in incremental mode.
           --log-duration         : force pgBadger to associate log entries generated
                                    by both log_duration = on and log_statement = 'all'
           --enable-checksum      : used to add an md5 sum under each query report.
           --journalctl command   : command to use to replace PostgreSQL logfile by
                                    a call to journalctl. Basically it might be:
                                       journalctl -u postgresql-9.5
           --pid-dir path         : set the path where the pid file must be stored.
                                    Default /tmp
           --pid-file file        : set the name of the pid file to manage concurrent
                                    execution of pgBadger. Default: pgbadger.pid
           --rebuild              : used to rebuild all html reports in incremental
                                    output directories where there's binary data files.
           --pgbouncer-only       : only show PgBouncer-related menus in the header.
           --start-monday         : in incremental mode, calendar weeks start on
                                    Sunday. Use this option to start on a Monday.
           --iso-week-number      : in incremental mode, calendar weeks start on
                                    Monday and respect the ISO 8601 week number, range
                                    01 to 53, where week 1 is the first week that has
                                    at least 4 days in the new year.
           --normalized-only      : only dump all normalized queries to out.txt
           --log-timezone +/-XX   : Set the number of hours from GMT of the timezone
                                    that must be used to adjust date/time read from
                                    log file before beeing parsed. Using this option
                                    makes log search with a date/time more difficult.
                                    The value can be an integer, ex.: 2, or a float,
                                    ex.: 2.5.
           --prettify-json        : use it if you want json output to be prettified.
           --month-report YYYY-MM : create a cumulative HTML report over the specified
                                    month. Requires incremental output directories and
                                    the presence of all necessary binary data files
           --day-report YYYY-MM-DD: create an HTML report over the specified day.
                                    Requires incremental output directories and the
                                    presence of all necessary binary data files
           --noexplain            : do not process lines generated by auto_explain.
           --command CMD          : command to execute to retrieve log entries on
                                    stdin. pgBadger will open a pipe to the command
                                    and parse log entries generated by the command.
           --no-week              : inform pgbadger to not build weekly reports in
                                    incremental mode. Useful if it takes too much time.
           --explain-url URL      : use it to override the url of the graphical explain
                                    tool. Default: http://explain.depesz.com/
           --tempdir DIR          : set directory where temporary files will be written
                                    Default: File::Spec->tmpdir() || '/tmp'
           --no-process-info      : disable changing process title to help identify
                                    pgbadger process, some system do not support it.
           --dump-all-queries     : dump all queries found in the log file replacing
                                    bind parameters included in the queries at their
                                    respective placeholders positions.
           --keep-comments        : do not remove comments from normalized queries. It
                                    can be useful if you want to distinguish between
                                    same normalized queries.
           --no-progressbar       : disable progressbar.

       pgBadger is able to parse a remote log file using a passwordless ssh connection.  Use -r
       or --remote-host to set the host IP address or hostname. There are also some additional
       options to fully control the ssh connection.

           --ssh-program ssh        path to the ssh program to use. Default: ssh.
           --ssh-port port          ssh port to use for the connection. Default: 22.
           --ssh-user username      connection login name. Defaults to running user.
           --ssh-identity file      path to the identity file to use.
           --ssh-timeout second     timeout to ssh connection failure. Default: 10 sec.
           --ssh-option  options    list of -o options to use for the ssh connection.
                                    Options always used:
                                        -o ConnectTimeout=$ssh_timeout
                                        -o PreferredAuthentications=hostbased,publickey

       Log file to parse can also be specified using an URI, supported protocols are http[s] and
       [s]ftp. The curl command will be used to download the file, and the file will be parsed
       during download. The ssh protocol is also supported and will use the ssh command like with
       the remote host use. See examples bellow.

       Return codes:

           0: on success
           1: die on error
           2: if it has been interrupted using ctr+c for example
           3: the pid file already exists or can not be created
           4: no log file was given at command line

       Examples:

           pgbadger /var/log/postgresql.log
           pgbadger /var/log/postgres.log.2.gz /var/log/postgres.log.1.gz /var/log/postgres.log
           pgbadger /var/log/postgresql/postgresql-2012-05-*
           pgbadger --exclude-query="^(COPY|COMMIT)" /var/log/postgresql.log
           pgbadger -b "2012-06-25 10:56:11" -e "2012-06-25 10:59:11" /var/log/postgresql.log
           cat /var/log/postgres.log | pgbadger -
           # Log line prefix with stderr log output
           pgbadger --prefix '%t [%p]: user=%u,db=%d,client=%h' /pglog/postgresql-2012-08-21*
           pgbadger --prefix '%m %u@%d %p %r %a : ' /pglog/postgresql.log
           # Log line prefix with syslog log output
           pgbadger --prefix 'user=%u,db=%d,client=%h,appname=%a' /pglog/postgresql-2012-08-21*
           # Use my 8 CPUs to parse my 10GB file faster, much faster
           pgbadger -j 8 /pglog/postgresql-10.1-main.log

       Use URI notation for remote log file:

           pgbadger http://172.12.110.1//var/log/postgresql/postgresql-10.1-main.log
           pgbadger ftp://username@172.12.110.14/postgresql-10.1-main.log
           pgbadger ssh://username@172.12.110.14:2222//var/log/postgresql/postgresql-10.1-main.log*

       You can use together a local PostgreSQL log and a remote pgbouncer log file to parse:

           pgbadger /var/log/postgresql/postgresql-10.1-main.log ssh://username@172.12.110.14/pgbouncer.log

       Reporting errors every week by cron job:

           30 23 * * 1 /usr/bin/pgbadger -q -w /var/log/postgresql.log -o /var/reports/pg_errors.html

       Generate report every week using incremental behavior:

           0 4 * * 1 /usr/bin/pgbadger -q `find /var/log/ -mtime -7 -name "postgresql.log*"` -o /var/reports/pg_errors-`date +\%F`.html -l /var/reports/pgbadger_incremental_file.dat

       This supposes that your log file and HTML report are also rotated every week.

       Or better, use the auto-generated incremental reports:

           0 4 * * * /usr/bin/pgbadger -I -q /var/log/postgresql/postgresql.log.1 -O /var/www/pg_reports/

       will generate a report per day and per week.

       In incremental mode, you can also specify the number of weeks to keep in the reports:

           /usr/bin/pgbadger --retention 2 -I -q /var/log/postgresql/postgresql.log.1 -O /var/www/pg_reports/

       If you have a pg_dump at 23:00 and 13:00 each day during half an hour, you can use
       pgBadger as follow to exclude these periods from the report:

           pgbadger --exclude-time "2013-09-.* (23|13):.*" postgresql.log

       This will help avoid having COPY statements, as generated by pg_dump, on top of the list
       of slowest queries. You can also use --exclude-appname "pg_dump" to solve this problem in
       a simpler way.

       You can also parse journalctl output just as if it was a log file:

           pgbadger --journalctl 'journalctl -u postgresql-9.5'

       or worst, call it from a remote host:

           pgbadger -r 192.168.1.159 --journalctl 'journalctl -u postgresql-9.5'

       you don't need to specify any log file at command line, but if you have other PostgreSQL
       log files to parse, you can add them as usual.

       To rebuild all incremental html reports after, proceed as follow:

           rm /path/to/reports/*.js
           rm /path/to/reports/*.css
           pgbadger -X -I -O /path/to/reports/ --rebuild

       it will also update all resource files (JS and CSS). Use -E or --explode if the reports
       were built using this option.

       pgBadger also supports Heroku PostgreSQL logs using logplex format:

           heroku logs -p postgres | pgbadger -f logplex -o heroku.html -

       this will stream Heroku PostgreSQL log to pgbadger through stdin.

       pgBadger can auto detect RDS and cloudwatch PostgreSQL logs using rds format:

           pgbadger -f rds -o rds_out.html rds.log

       Each CloudSQL Postgresql log is a fairly normal PostgreSQL log, but encapsulated in JSON
       format. It is autodetected by pgBadger but in case you need to force the log format use
       `jsonlog`:

           pgbadger -f jsonlog -o cloudsql_out.html cloudsql.log

       This is the same as with the jsonlog extension, the json format is different but pgBadger
       can parse both formats.

       pgBadger also supports logs produced by CloudNativePG Postgres operator for Kubernetes:

           pgbadger -f jsonlog -o cnpg_out.html cnpg.log

       To create a cumulative report over a month use command:

           pgbadger --month-report 2919-05 /path/to/incremental/reports/

       this will add a link to the month name into the calendar view in incremental reports to
       look at report for month 2019 May.  Use -E or --explode if the reports were built using
       this option.

DESCRIPTION

       pgBadger is a PostgreSQL log analyzer built for speed providing fully detailed reports
       based on your PostgreSQL log files. It's a small standalone Perl script that outperforms
       any other PostgreSQL log analyzer.

       It is written in pure Perl and uses a JavaScript library (flotr2) to draw graphs so that
       you don't need to install any additional Perl modules or other packages. Furthermore, this
       library gives us more features such as zooming. pgBadger also uses the Bootstrap
       JavaScript library and the FontAwesome webfont for better design. Everything is embedded.

       pgBadger is able to autodetect your log file format (syslog, stderr, csvlog or jsonlog) if
       the file is long enough. It is designed to parse huge log files as well as compressed
       files. Supported compressed formats are gzip, bzip2, lz4, xz, zip and zstd. For the xz
       format you must have an xz version higher than 5.05 that supports the --robot option. lz4
       files must be compressed with the --content-size option for pgbadger to determine the
       uncompressed file size. For the complete list of features, see below.

       All charts are zoomable and can be saved as PNG images.

       You can also limit pgBadger to only report errors or remove any part of the report using
       command-line options.

       pgBadger supports any custom format set in the log_line_prefix directive of your
       postgresql.conf file as long as it at least specifies the %t and %p patterns.

       pgBadger allows parallel processing of a single log file or multiple files through the use
       of the -j option specifying the number of CPUs.

       If you want to save system performance you can also use log_duration instead of
       log_min_duration_statement to have reports on duration and number of queries only.

FEATURE

       pgBadger reports everything about your SQL queries:

               Overall statistics.
               The most frequent waiting queries.
               Queries that waited the most.
               Queries generating the most temporary files.
               Queries generating the largest temporary files.
               The slowest queries.
               Queries that took up the most time.
               The most frequent queries.
               The most frequent errors.
               Histogram of query times.
               Histogram of sessions times.
               Users involved in top queries.
               Applications involved in top queries.
               Queries generating the most cancellation.
               Queries most cancelled.
               The most time consuming prepare/bind queries

       The following reports are also available with hourly charts divided into periods of five
       minutes:

               SQL queries statistics.
               Temporary file statistics.
               Checkpoints statistics.
               Autovacuum and autoanalyze statistics.
               Cancelled queries.
               Error events (panic, fatal, error and warning).
               Error class distribution.

       There are also some pie charts about distribution of:

               Locks statistics.
               Queries by type (select/insert/update/delete).
               Distribution of queries type per database/application
               Sessions per database/user/client/application.
               Connections per database/user/client/application.
               Autovacuum and autoanalyze per table.
               Queries per user and total duration per user.

       All charts are zoomable and can be saved as PNG images. SQL queries reported are
       highlighted and beautified automatically.

       pgBadger is also able to parse PgBouncer log files and to create the following reports:

               Request Throughput
               Bytes I/O Throughput
               Queries Average duration
               Simultaneous sessions
               Histogram of sessions times
               Sessions per database
               Sessions per user
               Sessions per host
               Established connections
               Connections per database
               Connections per user
               Connections per host
               Most used reserved pools
               Most Frequent Errors/Events

       You can also have incremental reports with one report per day and a cumulative report per
       week. Two multiprocess modes are available to speed up log parsing, one using one core per
       log file, and the second using multiple cores to parse a single file. These modes can be
       combined.

       Histogram granularity can be adjusted using the -A command-line option. By default, they
       will report the mean of each top queries/errors occurring per hour, but you can specify
       the granularity down to the minute.

       pgBadger can also be used in a central place to parse remote log files using a
       passwordless SSH connection. This mode can be used with compressed files and in the
       multiprocess per file mode (-J), but cannot be used with the CSV log format.

       Examples of reports can be found here: https://pgbadger.darold.net/#reports

REQUIREMENT

       pgBadger comes as a single Perl script - you do not need anything other than a modern Perl
       distribution. Charts are rendered using a JavaScript library, so you don't need anything
       other than a web browser. Your browser will do all the work.

       If you plan to parse PostgreSQL CSV log files, you might need some Perl Modules:

               Text::CSV_XS - to parse PostgreSQL CSV log files.

       This module is optional, if you don't have PostgreSQL log in the CSV format, you don't
       need to install it.

       If you want to export statistics as JSON file, you need an additional Perl module:

               JSON::XS - JSON serialising/deserialising, done correctly and fast

       This module is optional, if you don't select the json output format, you don't need to
       install it. You can install it on a Debian-like system using:

               sudo apt-get install libjson-xs-perl

       and on RPM-like system using:

               sudo yum install perl-JSON-XS

       Compressed log file format is autodetected from the file extension. If pgBadger finds a gz
       extension, it will use the zcat utility; with a bz2 extension, it will use bzcat; with
       lz4, it will use lz4cat; with zst, it will use zstdcat; if the file extension is zip or
       xz, then the unzip or xz utility will be used.

       If those utilities are not found in the PATH environment variable, then use the --zcat
       command-line option to change this path. For example:

               --zcat="/usr/local/bin/gunzip -c" or --zcat="/usr/local/bin/bzip2 -dc"
               --zcat="C:\tools\unzip -p"

       By default, pgBadger will use the zcat, bzcat, lz4cat, zstdcat and unzip utilities
       following the file extension. If you use the default autodetection of compression format,
       you can mix gz, bz2, lz4, xz, zip or zstd files. Specifying a custom value of --zcat
       option will remove the possibility of mixed compression format.

       Note that multiprocessing cannot be used with compressed files or CSV files as well as
       under Windows platform.

INSTALLATION

       Download the tarball from GitHub and unpack the archive as follow:

               tar xzf pgbadger-11.x.tar.gz
               cd pgbadger-11.x/
               perl Makefile.PL
               make && sudo make install

       This will copy the Perl script pgbadger to /usr/local/bin/pgbadger by default and the man
       page into /usr/local/share/man/man1/pgbadger.1. Those are the default installation
       directories for 'site' install.

       If you want to install all under /usr/ location, use INSTALLDIRS='perl' as an argument of
       Makefile.PL. The script will be installed into /usr/bin/pgbadger and the manpage into
       /usr/share/man/man1/pgbadger.1.

       For example, to install everything just like Debian does, proceed as follows:

               perl Makefile.PL INSTALLDIRS=vendor

       By default, INSTALLDIRS is set to site.

POSTGRESQL CONFIGURATION

       You must enable and set some configuration directives in your postgresql.conf before
       starting.

       You must first enable SQL query logging to have something to parse:

               log_min_duration_statement = 0

       Here every statement will be logged, on a busy server you may want to increase this value
       to only log queries with a longer duration. Note that if you have log_statement set to
       'all', nothing will be logged through the log_min_duration_statement directive. See the
       next chapter for more information.

       pgBadger supports any custom format set in the log_line_prefix directive of your
       postgresql.conf file as long as it at least specifies a time escape sequence (%t, %m or
       %n) and a process-related escape sequence (%p or %c).

       For example, with 'stderr' log format, log_line_prefix must be at least:

               log_line_prefix = '%t [%p]: '

       Log line prefix could add user, database name, application name and client ip address as
       follows:

               log_line_prefix = '%t [%p]: user=%u,db=%d,app=%a,client=%h '

       or for syslog log file format:

               log_line_prefix = 'user=%u,db=%d,app=%a,client=%h '

       Log line prefix for stderr output could also be:

               log_line_prefix = '%t [%p]: db=%d,user=%u,app=%a,client=%h '

       or for syslog output:

               log_line_prefix = 'db=%d,user=%u,app=%a,client=%h '

       You need to enable other parameters in postgresql.conf to get more information from your
       log files:

               log_checkpoints = on
               log_connections = on
               log_disconnections = on
               log_lock_waits = on
               log_temp_files = 0
               log_autovacuum_min_duration = 0
               log_error_verbosity = default

       Do not enable log_statement as its log format will not be parsed by pgBadger.

       Of course your log messages should be in English with or without locale support:

               lc_messages='en_US.UTF-8'
               lc_messages='C'

       pgBadger parser does not support other locales, like 'fr_FR.UTF-8' for example.

LOG STATEMENTS

       Considerations about log_min_duration_statement, log_duration and log_statement
       configuration directives.

       If you want the query statistics to include the actual query strings, you must set
       log_min_duration_statement to 0 or more milliseconds.

       If you just want to report duration and number of queries and don't want all details about
       queries, set log_min_duration_statement to -1 to disable it and enable log_duration in
       your postgresql.conf file. If you want to add the most common query report, you can either
       choose to set log_min_duration_statement to a higher value or to enable log_statement.

       Enabling log_min_duration_statement will add reports about slowest queries and queries
       that took up the most time. Take care that if you have log_statement set to 'all', nothing
       will be logged with log_min_duration_statement.

       Warning: Do not enable both log_min_duration_statement, log_duration and log_statement all
       together, this will result in wrong counter values. Note that this will also increase
       drastically the size of your log.  log_min_duration_statement should always be preferred.

PARALLEL PROCESSING

       To enable parallel processing you just have to use the -j N option where N is the number
       of cores you want to use.

       pgBadger will then proceed as follow:

               for each log file
                   chunk size = int(file size / N)
                   look at start/end offsets of these chunks
                   fork N processes and seek to the start offset of each chunk
                       each process will terminate when the parser reach the end offset
                       of its chunk
                       each process write stats into a binary temporary file
                   wait for all children processes to terminate
               All binary temporary files generated will then be read and loaded into
               memory to build the html output.

       With that method, at start/end of chunks pgBadger may truncate or omit a maximum of N
       queries per log file, which is an insignificant gap if you have millions of queries in
       your log file. The chance that the query that you were looking for is lost is near 0, this
       is why I think this gap is livable. Most of the time the query is counted twice but
       truncated.

       When you have many small log files and many CPUs, it is speedier to dedicate one core to
       one log file at a time. To enable this behavior, you have to use option -J N instead. With
       200 log files of 10MB each, the use of the -J option starts being really interesting with
       8 cores. Using this method you will be sure not to lose any queries in the reports.

       Here is a benchmark done on a server with 8 CPUs and a single file of 9.5GB.

                Option |  1 CPU  | 2 CPU | 4 CPU | 8 CPU
               --------+---------+-------+-------+------
                  -j   | 1h41m18 | 50m25 | 25m39 | 15m58
                  -J   | 1h41m18 | 54m28 | 41m16 | 34m45

       With 200 log files of 10MB each, so 2GB in total, the results are slightly different:

                Option | 1 CPU | 2 CPU | 4 CPU | 8 CPU
               --------+-------+-------+-------+------
                  -j   | 20m15 |  9m56 |  5m20 | 4m20
                  -J   | 20m15 |  9m49 |  5m00 | 2m40

       So it is recommended to use -j unless you have hundreds of small log files and can use at
       least 8 CPUs.

       IMPORTANT: when you are using parallel parsing, pgBadger will generate a lot of temporary
       files in the /tmp directory and will remove them at the end, so do not remove those files
       unless pgBadger is not running. They are all named with the following template
       tmp_pgbadgerXXXX.bin so they can be easily identified.

INCREMENTAL REPORTS

       pgBadger includes an automatic incremental report mode using option -I or --incremental.
       When running in this mode, pgBadger will generate one report per day and a cumulative
       report per week. Output is first done in binary format into the mandatory output directory
       (see option -O or --outdir), then in HTML format for daily and weekly reports with a main
       index file.

       The main index file will show a dropdown menu per week with a link to each week report and
       links to daily reports of each week.

       For example, if you run pgBadger as follows based on a daily rotated file:

           0 4 * * * /usr/bin/pgbadger -I -q /var/log/postgresql/postgresql.log.1 -O /var/www/pg_reports/

       you will have all daily and weekly reports for the full running period.

       In this mode, pgBadger will create an automatic incremental file in the output directory,
       so you don't have to use the -l option unless you want to change the path of that file.
       This means that you can run pgBadger in this mode each day on a log file rotated each
       week, and it will not count the log entries twice.

       To save disk space, you may want to use the -X or --extra-files command-line option to
       force pgBadger to write JavaScript and CSS to separate files in the output directory. The
       resources will then be loaded using script and link tags.

   Rebuilding reports
       Incremental reports can be rebuilt after a pgbadger report fix or a new feature to update
       all HTML reports. To rebuild all reports where a binary file is still present, proceed as
       follow:

           rm /path/to/reports/*.js
           rm /path/to/reports/*.css
           pgbadger -X -I -O /path/to/reports/ --rebuild

       it will also update all resource files (JS and CSS). Use -E or --explode if the reports
       were built using this option.

   Monthly reports
       By default, pgBadger in incremental mode only computes daily and weekly reports.  If you
       want monthly cumulative reports, you will have to use a separate command to specify the
       report to build. For example, to build a report for August 2019:

           pgbadger -X --month-report 2019-08 /var/www/pg_reports/

       this will add a link to the month name into the calendar view of incremental reports to
       look at monthly report. The report for a current month can be run every day, it is
       entirely rebuilt each time. The monthly report is not built by default because it could
       take a lot of time following the amount of data.

       If reports were built with the per-database option ( -E | --explode ), it must be used too
       when calling pgbadger to build monthly report:

           pgbadger -E -X --month-report 2019-08 /var/www/pg_reports/

       This is the same when using the rebuild option ( -R | --rebuild ).

BINARY FORMAT

       Using the binary format it is possible to create custom incremental and cumulative
       reports. For example, if you want to refresh a pgBadger report each hour from a daily
       PostgreSQL log file, you can proceed by running the following commands each hour:

           pgbadger --last-parsed .pgbadger_last_state_file -o sunday/hourX.bin /var/log/pgsql/postgresql-Sun.log

       to generate the incremental data files in binary format. And to generate the fresh HTML
       report from that binary file:

           pgbadger sunday/*.bin

       Or as another example, if you generate one log file per hour and you want reports to be
       rebuilt each time the log file is rotated, proceed as follows:

               pgbadger -o day1/hour01.bin /var/log/pgsql/pglog/postgresql-2012-03-23_10.log
               pgbadger -o day1/hour02.bin /var/log/pgsql/pglog/postgresql-2012-03-23_11.log
               pgbadger -o day1/hour03.bin /var/log/pgsql/pglog/postgresql-2012-03-23_12.log
               ...

       When you want to refresh the HTML report, for example, each time after a new binary file
       is generated, just do the following:

               pgbadger -o day1_report.html day1/*.bin

       Adjust the commands to suit your particular needs.

JSON FORMAT

       JSON format is good for sharing data with other languages, which makes it easy to
       integrate pgBadger result into other monitoring tools, like Cacti or Graphite.

AUTHORS

       pgBadger is an original work from Gilles Darold.

       The pgBadger logo is an original creation of Damien Cazeils.

       The pgBadger v4.x design comes from the "Art is code" company.

       This web site is a work of Gilles Darold.

       pgBadger is maintained by Gilles Darold and everyone who wants to contribute.

       Many people have contributed to pgBadger, they are all quoted in the Changelog file.

LICENSE

       pgBadger is free software distributed under the PostgreSQL Licence.

       Copyright (c) 2012-2023, Gilles Darold

       A modified version of the SQL::Beautify Perl Module is embedded in pgBadger with copyright
       (C) 2009 by Jonas Kramer and is published under the terms of the Artistic License 2.0.