Provided by: proj-bin_9.2.1-1_amd64 bug

NAME

       proj - Cartographic projection filter

SYNOPSIS

          proj [-beEfiIlmorsStTvVwW] [args]] [+opt[=arg] ...] file ...

          invproj [-beEfiIlmorsStTvVwW] [args]] [+opt[=arg] ...] file ...

DESCRIPTION

       proj and invproj perform respective forward and inverse conversion of cartographic data to
       or from cartesian data with a wide range of selectable projection functions.

       invproj may not be available on all platforms; in this case use proj -I instead.

       The following control parameters can appear in any order

       -b     Special option for binary coordinate data input and output through  standard  input
              and  standard  output.  Data  is assumed to be in system type double floating point
              words. This option is to be used when proj is a child process and allows  bypassing
              formatting operations.

       -d <n>

       New in version 5.2.0: Specify the number of decimals to round to in the output.

       -i     Selects binary input only (see -b).

       -I     Alternate method to specify inverse projection. Redundant when used with invproj.

       -o     Selects binary output only (see -b).

       -t<a>  Where  a  specifies a character employed as the first character to denote a control
              line to be passed through without processing. This option applicable to ASCII input
              only. (# is the default value).

       -e <string>
              Where  string  is  an  arbitrary string to be output if an error is detected during
              data transformations. The default value is a three character  string:  *\t*.   Note
              that  if  the  -b,  -i or -o options are employed, an error is returned as HUGE_VAL
              value for both return values.

       -E     Causes the input coordinates to be copied to the output line prior to printing  the
              converted values.

       -l<[=id]>
              List  projection  identifiers  that  can  be  selected with +proj. proj -l=id gives
              expanded description of projection id, e.g. proj -l=merc.

       -lp    List of all projection id that can be used with the +proj parameter.  Equivalent to
              proj -l.

       -lP    Expanded description of all projections that can be used with the +proj parameter.

       -le    List of all ellipsoids that can be selected with the +ellps parameters.

       -lu    List of all distance units that can be selected with the +units parameter.

       -r     This  options  reverses  the order of the expected input from longitude-latitude or
              x-y to latitude-longitude or y-x.

       -s     This options reverses the order of the output from x-y or longitude-latitude to y-x
              or latitude-longitude.

       -S     Causes  estimation  of meridional and parallel scale factors, area scale factor and
              angular distortion, and maximum and minimum scale factors to be listed  between  <>
              for  each  input  point.  For  conformal projections meridional and parallel scales
              factors will be equal and angular distortion zero. Equal area projections will have
              an area factor of 1.

       -m <mult>
              The  cartesian  data may be scaled by the mult parameter. When processing data in a
              forward projection  mode  the  cartesian  output  values  are  multiplied  by  mult
              otherwise the input cartesian values are divided by mult before inverse projection.
              If the first two characters of mult are 1/ or 1: then the reciprocal value of  mult
              is employed.

       -f <format>
              Where  format  is  a printf format string to control the form of the output values.
              For inverse projections, the  output  will  be  in  degrees  when  this  option  is
              employed. The default format is "%.2f" for forward projection and DMS for inverse.

       -w<n>  Where n is the number of significant fractional digits to employ for seconds output
              (when the option is not specified, -w3 is assumed).

       -W<n>  Where n is the number of  significant  fractional  digits  to  employ  for  seconds
              output. When -W is employed the fields will be constant width with leading zeroes.

       -v     Causes  a  listing  of  cartographic  control parameters tested for and used by the
              program to be printed prior to input data.

       -V     This option causes an expanded annotated listing  of  the  characteristics  of  the
              projected point. -v is implied with this option.

       The  +opt  run-line  arguments  are  associated  with cartographic parameters.  Additional
       projection control parameters may be contained in two auxiliary control files:  the  first
       is  optionally  referenced with the +init=file:id and the second is always processed after
       the name of the projection has been established from either the run-line or  the  contents
       of +init file. The environment parameter PROJ_DATA establishes the default directory for a
       file reference without an absolute path. This is also used for supporting files like datum
       shift files.

       One  or  more  files  (processed  in left to right order) specify the source of data to be
       converted. A - will specify the location of processing standard input.  If  no  files  are
       specified,  the  input  is  assumed  to  be from stdin.  For ASCII input data the two data
       values must be in the first two white space separated  fields  and  when  both  input  and
       output are ASCII all trailing portions of the input line are appended to the output line.

       Input  geographic  data  (longitude and latitude) must be in DMS or decimal degrees format
       and input cartesian data must be in units consistent with  the  ellipsoid  major  axis  or
       sphere radius units. Output geographic coordinates will be in DMS (if the -w switch is not
       employed) and precise to 0.001" with trailing, zero-valued minute-second fields deleted.

EXAMPLE

       The following script

          proj +proj=utm +lon_0=112w +ellps=clrk66 -r <<EOF
          45d15'33.1" 111.5W
          45d15.551666667N -111d30
          +45.25919444444 111d30'000w
          EOF

       will perform UTM forward projection with a standard UTM central meridian nearest longitude
       112W.  The  geographic  values  of  this  example  are equivalent and meant as examples of
       various forms of DMS input. The x-y output data will appear as three lines of:

          460769.27     5011648.45

OTHER PROGRAMS

       The proj program is limited to converting between  geographic  and  projected  coordinates
       within one datum.

       The cs2cs program operates similarly, but allows translation between any pair of definable
       coordinate reference systems, including support for datum translation.

SEE ALSO

       cs2cs(1), cct(1), geod(1), gie(1), projinfo(1), projsync(1)

BUGS

       A list of known bugs can be found at https://github.com/OSGeo/PROJ/issues  where  new  bug
       reports can be submitted to.

HOME PAGE

       https://proj.org/

AUTHOR

       Gerald I. Evenden

COPYRIGHT

       1983-2023