Provided by: tin_2.6.3~20230803-1_amd64 bug

NAME

       tin, rtin - Usenet newsreader

SYNOPSIS

       tin  [[-h|-H|-V] |  [[-a]  [-dlnq|-Q]  [-ACkrTzxX]]  [[-R|-S] -s News_dir] [-cuvZ] [-4|-6]
       [-o|-w|-N|-M  address]  [-D  debug_level]  [-G   article_limit]   [-f   newsrc_file]   [-g
       server[:port]] [-m Mail_dir] [-p port] [-t timeout] [-I index_dir] [newsgroup[,...]]]

DESCRIPTION

       tin  is  a  full-screen  easy  to  use  Usenet newsreader. It can read news locally (e.g.,
       /var/spool/news) or remotely (rtin or tin -r option) via an NNTP (Network  News  Transport
       Protocol,   RFC3977)  or  NNTPS  (RFC8143)  server.  It  will  automatically  utilize  NOV
       newsoverview(5) style index files if available locally or via  the  NNTP  [X]OVER  command
       (RFC2980, RFC3977).

       tin  has four separate levels of operation: Selection level, Group level, Thread level and
       Article level. Use the Help ('h') command to view a list of the commands  available  at  a
       particular level.

       On    startup    tin    will    show    a    list    of    the    newsgroups    found   in
       ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.newsrc. An arrow '->' or highlighted bar will point to the  first
       newsgroup.  Move  to a group by using the terminal arrow keys (terminal dependent) or Down
       ('j') and Up ('k'). Use PgUp/PgDn (terminal  dependent)  or  PageUp  ('^U')  (CTRL-U)  and
       PageDown ('^D') (CTRL-D) to page up/down. Enter a newsgroup by pressing '<CR>'.

       The GroupNextUnreadArtOrGrp ('<TAB>') key enters the next newsgroup with unread articles.

EXIT STATUS

       0      Successful program execution. No unread news available in batch mode.

       1      Usage, syntax, configuration file or network error.

       2      Unread news available (batch mode (''-Z'') only).

       3      NNTP error.

OPTIONS

       -4          Force connecting via IPv4 to the remote NNTP server. Only available when built
                   with IPv6 support.

       -6          Force connecting via IPv6 to the remote NNTP server. Only available when built
                   with IPv6 support.

       -a          Toggle ANSI color (default is off).

       -A          Force authentication on initial connect. Only available when reading via NNTP.

       -c          Create/update  index  files for every group in ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.newsrc
                   or file specified by the ''-f'' option and mark all articles as read.

       -C          Use   COMPRESS   NNTP   extension   (RFC8054)   if   available.    See    also
                   nntp_read_timeout_secs, '-t'' and the "SECURITY" and "BUGS" section.

       -d          Don't  load newsgroup descriptions and servers message of the day (interactive
                   mode).

       -D debug-level
                   Enter debug-level (1 = NNTP, 2 = filter, 4 =  newsrc,  8  =  threading,  16  =
                   memory,  32  = attributes, 64 = misc, 128 = remove existing debug files).  For
                   NNTP-level ''-v'' controls the verbosity of  the  output.   Depending  on  the
                   debug-level  various  files  may be written to $TMPDIR and/or on screen output
                   may be given. See also the "SECURITY" section!

       -f file     Use  the  specified  file  of   subscribed   to   newsgroups   in   place   of
                   ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.newsrc.

       -g server[:port]
                   Use       the       server[:port]       and      newsrc      specified      in
                   ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin/newsrctable.  Only  available  when  reading  via
                   NNTP.

       -G article-limit
                   Limit  the  number of articles/group to retrieve from the server.  If article-
                   limit is > 0 not more than the last article-limit articles/group  are  fetched
                   from the server. If article-limit is < 0 tin will start fetching articles from
                   your first unread minus absolute value of article-limit. Default is  0,  which
                   means no limit.

       -h          Help listing all command-line options.

       -H          Brief introduction to tin that is also shown the first time it is started.

       -I dir      Directory   in   which   to   store   newsgroup   index   files.   Default  is
                   ${TIN_INDEX_NEWSDIR:-"${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin"}/.news.  This  option  has
                   no  effect  if tin retrieves its index files via NNTP and cache_overview_files
                   is turned off.

       -k          Skip the certificate verification  step  for  NNTPS  connections  and  proceed
                   without checking. This option implies ''-T''. See also the "SECURITY" section.

       -l          Get       number       of      articles      per      group      from      the
                   ${TIN_LIBDIR:-NEWSLIBDIR}"/"${TIN_ACTIVEFILE:-active}  file.  If  reading  via
                   NNTP  this  is  done  with  the  LIST  command (RFC3977). This might result in
                   incorrect article counts but is usually faster than the default  which  is  to
                   read  the  ${TIN_LIBDIR:-NEWSLIBDIR}"/"${TIN_ACTIVEFILE:-active}  file (either
                   directly or via LIST) and then check the article count via NNTP GROUP  command
                   (RFC3977)  ''-ln''. If reading via NNTP and LIST COUNTS (RFC6048) is available
                   that is used instead as it gives more accurate article counts.

       -m dir      Mailbox directory to use. Default is ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/Mail.

       -M user     Mail unread articles to specified user for later reading. For more information
                   read section "AUTOMATIC MAILING AND SAVING NEW NEWS".

       -n          Only               load              groups              from              the
                   ${TIN_LIBDIR:-NEWSLIBDIR}"/"${TIN_ACTIVEFILE:-active} file that are subscribed
                   to  in  the  user's  ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.newsrc. This allows a noticeable
                   speedup when connecting via a slow line, but tin may not be able detect  which
                   groups are moderated. See also ''-l''.

       -N          Mail  unread articles to yourself for later reading. For more information read
                   section "AUTOMATIC MAILING AND SAVING NEW NEWS".

       -o          Quick post all postponed articles and exit. In order for  this  to  be  really
                   quick, it should be used with ''-n'' if possible.

       -p port     Port  to  use  if reading via NNTP (default is 119 or 563 if NNTPS is enabled,
                   see ''-T''). This also overrides the environment variable  $NNTPPORT  if  set.
                   Only available when reading via NNTP.

       -q          Don't  check  for  new  newsgroups and skip loading the servers message of the
                   day.

       -Q          Quick start. Start tin as quickly as possible. Currently this is equivalent to
                   ''-dnq''. See also the ''-C'' and ''-G'' command-line options.

       -r          Read  news  remotely from the default NNTP server specified in the environment
                   variable $NNTPSERVER or contained in the file /etc/news/server.

       -R          Read news saved by the ''-S'' option.

       -s dir      Save/read articles to/in directory. Default is ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/News.

       -S          Save unread articles  for  later  reading  by  the  ''-R''  option.  For  more
                   information read section "AUTOMATIC MAILING AND SAVING NEW NEWS".

       -t timeout  Override the nntp_read_timeout_secs setting. Default is 120 seconds.

       -T          Enable  NNTPS  (NNTP  over  TLS). This also overrides the environment variable
                   $NNTPPORT if set. Only available when reading via NNTP.

       -u          Create/update index files for every group  in  ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.newsrc
                   or  file  specified  by  the  ''-f''  option.  This  option is disabled if tin
                   retrieves its index files via  an  NNTP  server  and  cache_overview_files  is
                   turned off.

       -v          Verbose  mode  for  ''-c'',  ''-D'', ''-M'', ''-N'', ''-S'', ''-u'' and ''-Z''
                   options. Can be used multiple times to increase verbosity.

       -V          Print version information and compilation options.

       -w          Quick mode to post an article and then exit. This option  implies  ''-d''.  In
                   order for this to be really quick, it should be used with ''-n'' if possible.

       -x          No-posting mode. You cannot post articles if you use this option.

       -X          No    overwrite    mode.    ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.newsrc   and   files   in
                   ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin will not be overwritten but  may  be  created  if
                   they don't exist.

       -z          Only  start  tin  if  there  is any new/unread news. If there is news tin will
                   position cursor at first group with unread news. Useful for putting  in  login
                   file.

       -Z          Check  if  there  is  any new/unread news and exit with appropriate status. If
                   ''-v'' option is specified the number of unread  articles  in  each  group  is
                   printed. An exit code 0 indicates no news, 1 that an error occurred and 2 that
                   new/unread news exists. Useful for writing scripts.

       tin can also dynamically change its options by the OptionMenu ('M') command.  Any  changes
       are  written  to  ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin/tinrc.  For  more  information  see section
       "GLOBAL OPTIONS MENU AND TINRC CONFIGURABLE VARIABLES" and tin(5).

       A list of groups can be specified after the other command-line options. This can be useful
       if  you wish to yank in or subscribe to a hand-picked subset of the active newsgroups. See
       the section "NEWSGROUP LISTS & WILDCARDS" for the types of pattern that tin understands.

       If you specify a single group-name, or a wildcard that matches a single  group,  then  you
       will  automatically  enter  that  group.  Otherwise the normal group selection screen will
       appear, but with all the matching groups present too, as though you had yanked just  those
       groups in.

       With  the ''-w'' flag a given group-name is used as default group to post to. If more than
       one group or a wildcard is specified only the first group  respectively  the  first  group
       that matches is used.

       Once   you   use   SelectYankActive   ('y')   to   yank   in   all   active   groups,   or
       SelectToggleReadDisplay ('r') to toggle the  read/unread  status,  then  the  command-line
       groups   will   be   gone.   You   can   use  SelectSyncWithActive  ('Y')  to  reread  the
       ${TIN_LIBDIR:-NEWSLIBDIR}"/"${TIN_ACTIVEFILE:-active} file and get them back.

       NB: With the ''-n'' flag, only unsubscribed groups in the  ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.newsrc
       file   (or   the   newsrc-file   given   by   the   ''-f''   command-line  switch  or  via
       ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin/newsrctable) can be matched.

       Command-line options have higher  priority  than  attributes  and  tinrc  options.   Thus,
       command-line option takes precedence over configured values.

USAGE

   NEWS ADMINISTRATION
       Maintaining  Netnews on large networks of machines can be a pretty time consuming job as I
       discovered when I was given the job of maintaining our news system and news users.

       A user starting tin for the first time can  be  automatically  subscribed  to  a  list  of
       newsgroups  that  are deemed appropriate by the news administrator. The subscriptions file
       should     be      created      in      your      news      lib      directory      (i.e.,
       ${TIN_LIBDIR:-NEWSLIBDIR}/subscriptions)  and  should  be world readable. If you read news
       via NNTP, then your news server must support the LIST SUBSCRIPTIONS command. It is part of
       the NNTP List Extensions (RFC6048) and all modern servers should understand it.

   SCREEN FORMAT
       tin  has four separate levels of operation: Selection level, Group level, Thread level and
       Article level.

       At the Selection level the title displays (the name of the news server (with a  "[T]"-  or
       "[k]"-suffix  if  reading  via  NNTPS  (insecurely))  and) the number of subscribed groups
       (containing new unread articles). The newsgroups are displayed in the middle of the screen
       usually  with  the  number of unread articles displayed on the  same line in front, but it
       can be customized via select_format.

       ->M    1     2  comp.security.announce  Announcements from the CERT abou
         M    2     1  news.admin.announce     Announcements for news adminstra
              3    22  news.software.misc      News-related software other than
              4  1475  news.software.nntp      The Network News Transfer Protoc
         X    5   124  news.software.readers   Discussion of software used to r

       There may also be a character prefixing the line. An explanation follows:

       u         This group  is  unsubscribed.  To  see  only  your  subscribed  groups  use  the
                 SelectToggleReadDisplay ('r') or SelectYankActive ('y') toggle keys.

       M         This  is  a  moderated group. Any posts you make will have to be approved by the
                 group administrator before it will be made public. tin will ask for confirmation
                 before you post to a moderated group.

       N         This  is  a  new  newsgroup  which has been created since you last used tin. New
                 newsgroups are not subscribed to by default (However, see the  $AUTOSUBSCRIBE  /
                 $AUTOUNSUBSCRIBE  environment  variables).  Subscribe to it in the normal way if
                 you wish the group to continue to appear in your Selection Menu.  Simply  ignore
                 new  newsgroups and they will be gone the next time you start tin. You will have
                 to yank in all the groups to find them in a later session.

       D         This group no longer exists. If you no  longer  wish  to  see  this  group  then
                 unsubscribe  from  it  in the normal way. This flag will only appear if you have
                 set strip_bogus to "ask" in the Options Menu.

       X         You may no longer make posts to this group. Often a group will be superseded  by
                 a more appropriately named one.

       =         This  group  has  been renamed and you may no longer post to it. If you do, then
                 you will receive an error from your news server telling you the correct group to
                 post to.

       At  the  Group  level the title contains the name of the group, the number of conversation
       threads, the abbreviated threading method (thread_articles), the limit of articles to  get
       (if  set;  getart_limit),  the  total  number  of  (unread)  articles  (art_marked_read or
       art_marked_unread), the number of hot articles art_marked_selected, the number of read hot
       articles   (if   any;   art_marked_read_selected),   the   number   of   recent   articles
       (art_marked_recent) and the number of killed articles (art_marked_killed). I.e.:

                   alt.sources (5B -50/23+ 0* 3o 0K)

       The characters after the numbers are depending to the configuration and  if  your  are  in
       show_only_unread_arts mode or not. Some numbers could be missing if the specific option is
       not enabled. It might also contain an 'M', 'X' or '=' (see above; doesn't  work  with  the
       ''-n''  command-line  switch!) if the group is moderated, set to no posting or postings to
       it get redirected.

       If a thread has unread articles it is marked with art_marked_unread in front of the  total
       number  of articles in the thread. If there are recent articles within the thread it might
       be marked with art_marked_recent in front of the total number of articles in the thread  —
       this is controlled by the recent_time option. If a thread has hot articles in it (see also
       section "FILTERING ARTICLES") it's marked with art_marked_selected in front of  the  total
       number of articles in the thread. The number of lines of the first (unread) article in the
       thread might also be shown right before the subject — this is controlled by the  show_info
       option. The display can be customized via group_format.

                       de.admin.net-abuse.announce (11B 13+ 1* 1o 0K) M

       ->   1   +   3  108 bincancels in de.talk.sex        Christopher Lueg <l
            2   +       69 EMP/ECP gecancelt. xynx. BI= 10  Henning Weede <hwee
            3   o       93 EMP gecancelt. SouthBeach/Palms  Henning Weede <hwee
            4   *      368 <1997-11-12> Fremdcancel-FAQ     Thomas Roessler <ro

       At  the  Thread level the screen usually (depends on the threading method used) looks like
       this, but can be customized via thread_format:

       ->   1      [   7]  What is this funny tree in the thr  Robert F. Simmig
            2      [  12]  +->                                 Sephan Wagner <s
            3      [ 230]  | `->Tin thread-level (was: What is Bob Johnson <bob
            4      [  22]  `->tin threading menu               Brian Richardson

       At the Article level the page header has the following format:

       Sun, 28 Dec 1997 21:21:01   de.admin.news.groups      Thread   20 of 86
       Lines 50   Re: EINSPRUCH zu RESULT:de.comm.mobil.ALL   Article  47 of 59
       Urs Janssen <urs@akk.org>        at Arbeitskreis Kultur und Kommunikati

       article-body

       The look of the Selection, Group and Thread level  can  be  customized.  See  the  section
       "CUSTOMIZING THE SCREEN FORMAT".

   COMMON MOVING KEYS
       This table shows the common keys used for moving around all levels within tin.
                                    ANSI/vt100   Other Terminals
              Beg. of list/article  Home         FirstPage (^)
              End of list/article   End          LastPage ($)
              Page Up               PgUp         PageUp (u, ^U or ^B)
              Page Down             PgDn         PageDown (^D or ^F or <SPACE>)
              Line Up               Up arrow     Up (k or ^P)
              Line Down             Down arrow   Down (j or ^N)

   COMMON EDITING COMMANDS
       An  emacs(1)  style  editing  package allows the easy editing of input strings.  A history
       list allows the easy reuse of previously entered strings.  In addition to the cursor keys,
       the following commands are available when editing a string:

       ^A, ^E    move to beginning or end of line, respectively.

       ^F, ^B    non-destructive move forward or back one location, respectively.

       ^D        delete the character currently under the cursor, or send EOF if no characters in
                 the buffer.

       ^H, <DEL> delete character left of the cursor.

       ^K        delete from cursor to end of line.

       ^P, ^N    move through history, previous and next, respectively.

       ^L, ^R    redraw the current line.

       <CR>      places line on history list if non-blank, appends newline  and  returns  to  the
                 caller.

       <ESC>     aborts the present editing operation.

   GLOBAL COMMANDS
       The following commands are available at all 4 menu levels and always have the same effect.

       ShellEscape '!'
                 Shell  escape.  ShellEscape by itself will launch a shell, ShellEscape <command>
                 will run an external <command>. This facility may  have  been  disabled  by  the
                 System Administrator.

       ToggleColor '&'
                 Toggle use of ANSI color.

       RedrawScr '^L'
                 Redraw the current screen.

       ScrollUp '<'
                 Scroll screen up by one line.

       ScrollDown '>'
                 Scroll screen down by one line.

       Postponed 'O' '^O'
                 Reload postponed article. If your system blocks the Postponed key you must quote
                 it by pressing '^V' (CTRL-V)  first.  The  postpone-menu  offers  the  following
                 actions:  PromptYes  ('y')  =  reload and spawn editor; PostponeOverride ('Y') =
                 post article (without spawning editor); PostponeAll ('A') = post  all  postponed
                 articles  (without  spawning  editor);  PromptNo ('n') = skip this article; Quit
                 ('q') = quit postponed menu. Currently there is no  'simple'  way  to  delete  a
                 postponed article from the postponed-file, you have to use the following command
                 sequence instead: reload it with Postponed, enter editor  with  PromptYes,  quit
                 editor,  discard  posting  with  Quit ('^O''y''q'). See also ''-o'' command-line
                 switch.

       Help 'h'  Help screen of commands available on the current menu. You can  use  SearchSubjF
                 ('/'),  SearchSubjB  ('?') and SearchRepeat ('\') to search on this screen. Quit
                 ('q') returns to the menu.

       ToggleHelpDisplay 'H'
                 Toggle the display of help mini menu at the bottom of  the  screen  and  posting
                 etiquette after composing an article (beginner_level).

       DisplayPostHist 'W'
                 List articles posted by user. The date posted, the newsgroup and the subject are
                 listed. See the section "POSTING HISTORY LISTING" for more information.

       Version 'v'
                 Print tin version information.

   NEWSGROUP SELECTION COMMANDS
       4         Select group 4.

       SelectResetNewsrc '^R'
                 Reset ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.newsrc file. This will  destroy  all  records  of
                 which articles have been read, so use this carefully.

       SetRange '#'
                 Choose  a  range of articles to be affected by the next command. See the section
                 "RANGES" for more information.

       SelectSortActive '.'
                 Sort the list of newsgroups.

       SearchRepeat '\'
                 Repeat the previous search.

       SearchSubjF '/'
                 Search for a group by name and description (if displayed).

       SearchSubjB '?'
                 Backward search through the group names and descriptions.

       SelectReadGrp '^J' '<CR>'
                 Read current group.

       SelectEnterNextUnreadGrp '<TAB>' 'n'
                 Enter next group with unread news. Will wrap around  to  the  beginning  of  the
                 group selection list looking for unread groups.

       Catchup 'c'
                 Make  current  group as all read [after confirmation] and move to the next group
                 in the group selection list.

       CatchupNextUnread 'C'
                 Mark current group as all read [after confirmation] and enter  the  next  unread
                 group in the group selection list.

       SelectToggleDescriptions 'd'
                 Toggle  display  to  show  just  the  group name or the group name and the group
                 descriptions.

       EditFilter 'E'
                 Edit the filter file and reload it afterwards.

       SelectGoto 'g'
                 Choose a new group by name. This command can be used to access any  group,  even
                 those not currently yanked in.

       ToggleInfoLastLine 'i'
                 Toggle the display of the description of the current newsgroup in the last line.
                 This will not be available if tin was started with the ''-d'' option.

       ToggleInverseVideo 'I'
                 Toggle inverse video.

       ConnectionInfo 'J'
                 Show details about current connection.

       LookupMessage 'L'
                 Look up article by  ''Message-ID:''.  If  none  of  the  groups  listed  in  the
                 ''Newsgroups:''-header of the referenced article is available, just the contents
                 of the ''Newsgroups:''-header will be displayed in the last line.  At this level
                 this command only works if reading via NNTP and the server supports [X]HDR (RFC‐
                 2980, RFC3977) or XPAT (RFC2980).

       SelectMoveGrp 'm'
                 Move the current group within the group selection  list.  By  entering  '1'  the
                 group  will  become  the  first displayed group in the list, by entering '8' the
                 eighth group in the list etc. By entering '$' the group will be the  last  group
                 displayed.

       OptionMenu 'M'
                 User configurable options menu (for more information see section "GLOBAL OPTIONS
                 MENU AND TINRC CONFIGURABLE VARIABLES").

       SelectNextUnreadGrp 'N'
                 Positions the cursor on the next group with unread articles in it.

       Quit 'q'  Quit tin — ask the user to confirm if confirm_choice is set accordingly.

       QuitTin 'Q'
                 Quit tin — don't ask the user to confirm.

       SelectToggleReadDisplay 'r'
                 Toggle display of all subscribed to groups  and  just  those  groups  containing
                 unread  articles. Command has no effect if groups were specified on the command-
                 line when tin was started.

       BugReport 'R'
                 Mail a bug report or comment to <tin-bugs@tin.org>. This  is  the  best  way  of
                 getting bugs fixed and features added/changed.

       SelectSubscribe 's'
                 Subscribe to current group.

       SelectSubscribePat 'S'
                 Subscribe  to groups matching user specified pattern. See the section "NEWSGROUP
                 LISTS & WILDCARDS" for the types of pattern that tin understands.

       SelectUnsubscribe 'u'
                 Unsubscribe to current group. This can be used  to  remove  bogus  groups.   See
                 strip_bogus  in  the  "GLOBAL  OPTIONS  MENU  AND  TINRC CONFIGURABLE VARIABLES"
                 section.

       SelectUnsubscribePat 'U'
                 Unsubscribe  to  groups  matching  user  specified  pattern.  See  the   section
                 "NEWSGROUP LISTS & WILDCARDS" for the types of pattern that tin understands.

       Post 'w'  Post  an  article to current group. If posting fails for some reason, you'll get
                 the chance to PostEdit ('e') the article again, PostPostpone ('o') it for  later
                 processing (see also ''-o'' command-line switch) or discard it via Quit ('q').

       SelectQuitNoWrite 'X'
                 Quit tin without saving any changes to the configuration.

       SelectYankActive 'y'
                 Yanks  in all groups. Toggles the displayed groups between all the groups in the
                 ${TIN_LIBDIR:-NEWSLIBDIR}"/"${TIN_ACTIVEFILE:-active} file and just  those  that
                 are subscribed to in ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.newsrc.

       SelectSyncWithActive 'Y'
                 Reread  the ${TIN_LIBDIR:-NEWSLIBDIR}"/"${TIN_ACTIVEFILE:-active} file to see if
                 any new news has arrived since starting tin.

       SelectMarkGrpUnread 'z' 'Z'
                 Mark all articles in the current group as unread.

   GROUP INDEX COMMANDS
       All searches in this level are limited to  unread  articles  if  in  show_only_unread_arts
       mode.  GroupToggleReadUnread  ('r')  can  be use toggle the setting right before/after the
       search.

       4         Select article 4.

       MenuFilterSelect '^A'
                 Auto select article(s) using a menu. Read the section "FILTERING  ARTICLES"  for
                 more information.

       MenuFilterKill '^K'
                 Kill  article(s)  using  a  menu. Read the section "FILTERING ARTICLES" for more
                 information.

       MarkFeedRead '^X'
                 Mark current article, thread,  range,  auto-selected  (hot)  articles,  articles
                 matching  pattern or tagged articles as read. A prompt asks which type should be
                 marked.

       MarkFeedUnread '^W'
                 Mark current article, thread,  range,  auto-selected  (hot)  articles,  articles
                 matching  pattern  or tagged articles as unread. A prompt asks which type should
                 be marked.

       SetRange '#'
                 Choose a range of articles to be affected by the next command. See  the  section
                 "RANGES" for more information.

       LastViewed '-'
                 Re-enter the last message that was viewed.

       SearchRepeat '\'
                 Repeat the previous search.

       SearchSubjF '/'
                 Search forward for specified subject.

       SearchSubjB '?'
                 Search backwards for specified subject.

       GroupSelThd '*'
                 Select current thread for later processing.

       GroupDoAutoSel '+'
                 Selects   all   threads   in  current  group.  It  is  a  shortcut  for  calling
                 GroupSelPattern with a pattern of ''*''.

       GroupToggleThdSel '.'
                 Toggle selection of current thread. If at least one  unread  article,  (but  not
                 every  unread  article)  in  the  current  thread  is  selected, then all unread
                 articles become selected.

       GroupSelThdIfUnreadSelected ';'
                 For each thread in current group, if it at least one unread article is selected,
                 all unread articles become selected. This is useful for auto-selection on author
                 where reader wants to see entire thread.

       GroupSelPattern '='
                 Prompts for a pattern with which to match on. All threads whose  subjects  match
                 the pattern will be marked selected. A pattern of ''*'' will match all subjects.
                 Entering just '<CR>' will re-use the last pattern that was entered.

       GroupReverseSel '@'
                 Reverse all selections on all articles.

       GroupUndoSel '~'
                 Undo  all  selections  on  all  articles.  It  clears  the  toggle   effect   of
                 GroupMarkUnselArtRead    ('X')    command.    Thus    after    first   doing   a
                 GroupMarkUnselArtRead, one can then do GroupUndoSel to reset articles. Thus, one
                 can iteratively whittle down uninteresting threads.

       Pipe '|'  Pipe current article / thread / auto-selected (hot) articles / articles matching
                 pattern / tagged articles into command. See the section "MAILING PIPING PRINTING
                 REPOSTING AND SAVING ARTICLES" for more information.

       QuickFilterSelect '['
                 Auto select article(s) with a single key [after confirmation]. The defaults used
                 for selection  are  based  upon  the  following  four  tinrc  config  variables:
                 default_filter_select_case,                        default_filter_select_expire,
                 default_filter_select_global and default_filter_select_header.  Read the section
                 "GLOBAL OPTIONS MENU AND TINRC CONFIGURABLE VARIABLES" for a full explanation of
                 these variables and "FILTERING ARTICLES" for more information on filtering.

       QuickFilterKill ']'
                 Kill article(s) with a single key [after confirmation]. The  defaults  used  for
                 killing   are   based   upon   the   following   four  tinrc  config  variables:
                 default_filter_kill_case, default_filter_kill_expire, default_filter_kill_global
                 and default_filter_kill_header.  Read the section "GLOBAL OPTIONS MENU AND TINRC
                 CONFIGURABLE VARIABLES" for a full explanation of these variables and "FILTERING
                 ARTICLES" for more information on filtering.

       GroupReadBasenote '^J' '<CR>'
                 Read current article.

       GroupNextUnreadArtOrGrp '<TAB>'
                 View next unread article or group.

       SearchAuthF 'a'
                 Author  forward  search.  This  searches  for articles with a specific ''From:''
                 line.

       SearchAuthB 'A'
                 Author backward search. Otherwise, see SearchAuthF ('a') above.

       SearchBody 'B'
                 Search the body of all articles in group (can be slow). You can abort the search
                 using Quit ('q').

       Catchup 'c'
                 Mark  all  articles  as  read  [after  confirmation]  then  return  to the group
                 selection list. Move cursor to next group.

       CatchupNextUnread 'C'
                 Mark all articles as read [after confirmation] and enter  the  next  group  with
                 unread news.

       GroupToggleSubjDisplay 'd'
                 Cycle  the  display of the author through all the possible options for the tinrc
                 variable show_author.

       GroupCancel 'D'
                 Cancel (delete) or supersede (overwrite) the current article. It must have  been
                 posted  by  the  same  user.  The  cancel  message  can be seen in the newsgroup
                 'control' or 'control.cancel'.

       EditFilter 'E'
                 Edit the filter file and reload it afterwards.

       GroupGoto 'g'
                 Choose a new group by name. This command can be used to access any  group,  even
                 those not currently yanked in.

       GroupToggleGetartLimit 'G'
                 Toggle article/group limit.

       ToggleInfoLastLine 'i'
                 Display the subject of the first article in the current thread in the last line.

       ToggleInverseVideo 'I'
                 Toggle inverse video.

       ConnectionInfo 'J'
                 Show details about current connection.

       GroupMarkThdRead 'K'
                 Mark  article/thread  as read and move onto the next unread article/thread. If a
                 range of articles/threads is set, the range will be marked as  read  instead  of
                 the  current  article/thread. When tagged articles/threads are present, a prompt
                 asks how to proceed.

       GroupListThd 'l'
                 Open the thread under the current cursor position.

       LookupMessage 'L'
                 Look up article by ''Message-ID:''.

       GroupMail 'm'
                 Mail current article / thread / auto-selected (hot) articles / articles matching
                 pattern  /  tagged articles to someone. See the section "MAILING PIPING PRINTING
                 REPOSTING AND SAVING ARTICLES" for more information.

       OptionMenu 'M'
                 User configurable options menu (for more information see section "GLOBAL OPTIONS
                 MENU AND TINRC CONFIGURABLE VARIABLES").

       GroupNextGroup 'n'
                 Go to next group.

       GroupNextUnreadArt 'N'
                 Go to the next unread article.

       Print 'o' Send current article / thread / auto-selected (hot) articles / articles matching
                 pattern / tagged articles to printer. See the section "MAILING  PIPING  PRINTING
                 REPOSTING AND SAVING ARTICLES" for more information.

       GroupPrevGroup 'p'
                 Go to previous group.

       GroupPrevUnreadArt 'P'
                 Go to previous unread article.

       Quit 'q'  Return to previous level.

       QuitTin 'Q'
                 Quit tin — don't ask the user to confirm.

       GroupToggleReadUnread 'r'
                 Toggle the display between all articles and unread articles.

       BugReport 'R'
                 Mail  a  bug  report  or  comment to <tin-bugs@tin.org>. This is the best way of
                 getting bugs fixed and features added/changed.

       GroupSave 's'
                 Save current article / thread / auto-selected (hot) articles / articles matching
                 pattern  /  tagged  articles. See the section "MAILING PIPING PRINTING REPOSTING
                 AND SAVING ARTICLES" for more information.

       GroupAutoSave 'S'
                 Save marked articles automatically without further prompting.

       GroupTag 't'
                 Toggle tag-status of current article / thread for GroupMail ('m') / Pipe ('|') /
                 Print ('o') / GroupSave ('s') / GroupRepost ('x').

       GroupTagParts 'T'
                 Automatically  tag/untag  all  the  parts  of  the current multi-part message in
                 order.

       GroupToggleThreading 'u'
                 Cycle the threading mode through no threading, threading by  subject,  threading
                 by  references,  threading  on  both  subject  and  references,  group multipart
                 articles into a thread (''Subject:'' based).

       GroupUntag 'U'
                 Untag all articles that were tagged.

       Post 'w'  Post an article to the current group. If posting fails for some  reason,  you'll
                 get  the  chance  to  edit the article again via PostEdit ('e'), postpone it for
                 later processing via PostPostpone ('o') (see also ''-o'' command-line switch) or
                 discard it via Quit ('q').

       GroupRepost 'x'
                 Repost  an  already  posted  article  /  thread / auto-selected (hot) articles /
                 articles matching pattern / tagged articles to another newsgroup(s). Useful  for
                 reposting from global to local newsgroups. Do not use this to crosspost your own
                 articles.

       GroupMarkUnselArtRead 'X'
                 Mark all unread articles that have not been selected as read, redraw  screen  to
                 reflect  changes  and  put index at the first thread to begin reading.  Pressing
                 GroupMarkUnselArtRead ('X') again will toggle back to the way it was before. See
                 GroupUndoSel  ('~')  command  for  clearing the toggle effect, leaving the group
                 will also clear the toggle effect and make the changes permanent.

       MarkArtUnread 'z'
                 Mark current article as unread.

       MarkThdUnread 'Z'
                 Mark current thread as unread. If a range of threads is set, the range  will  be
                 marked as unread instead of the current thread. When tagged threads are present,
                 a prompt asks how to proceed.

   THREAD LISTING COMMANDS
       4         Select article 4 within thread.

       MenuFilterSelect '^A'
                 Auto select article(s) using a menu. Read the section "FILTERING  ARTICLES"  for
                 more information.

       MenuFilterKill '^K'
                 Kill  article(s)  using  a  menu. Read the section "FILTERING ARTICLES" for more
                 information.

       MarkFeedRead '^X'
                 Mark current article, thread,  range,  auto-selected  (hot)  articles,  articles
                 matching  pattern or tagged articles as read. A prompt asks which type should be
                 marked.

       MarkFeedUnread '^W'
                 Mark current article, thread,  range,  auto-selected  (hot)  articles,  articles
                 matching  pattern  or tagged articles as unread. A prompt asks which type should
                 be marked.

       SetRange '#'
                 Choose a range of articles to be affected by the next command. See  the  section
                 "RANGES" for more information.

       LastViewed '-'
                 Re-enter the last message that was viewed.

       SearchRepeat '\'
                 Repeat the previous search.

       SearchSubjF '/'
                 Search forward for specified subject.

       SearchSubjB '?'
                 Search backwards for specified subject.

       ThreadSelArt '*'
                 Select current thread for later processing.

       ThreadToggleArtSel '.'
                 Toggle selection of current article.

       ThreadReverseSel '@'
                 Reverse article selections.

       ThreadUndoSel '~'
                 Undo all selections on current thread.

       Pipe '|'  Pipe current article / thread / auto-selected (hot) articles / articles matching
                 pattern / tagged articles into command. See the section "MAILING PIPING PRINTING
                 REPOSTING AND SAVING ARTICLES" for more information.

       ThreadReadArt '^J' '<CR>'
                 Read current article within thread.

       ThreadReadNextArtOrThread '<TAB>'
                 View next unread article within thread.

       SearchAuthF 'a'
                 Author  forward  search.  This  searches  for articles with a specific ''From:''
                 line. The search will wrap over into the next thread if nothing is found in  the
                 current one.

       SearchAuthB 'A'
                 Author backward search. Otherwise, see SearchAuthF ('a') above.

       SearchBody 'B'
                 Search the body of all articles in group (can be slow). You can abort the search
                 using Quit ('q').

       Catchup 'c'
                 Mark thread as read [after confirmation] and return to  the  group  index  page.
                 Move cursor to next thread.

       CatchupNextUnread 'C'
                 Mark  thread  as  read [after confirmation] and enter the next thread containing
                 unread news.

       ThreadToggleSubjDisplay 'd'
                 Cycle the display of the author through all the possible options for  the  tinrc
                 variable show_author.

       ThreadCancel 'D'
                 Cancel  (delete) or supersede (overwrite) the current article. It must have been
                 posted by the same user. The  cancel  message  can  be  seen  in  the  newsgroup
                 'control' or 'control.cancel'.

       EditFilter 'E'
                 Edit the filter file and reload it afterwards.

       ToggleInfoLastLine 'i'
                 Display the subject of the current article in the last line.

       ToggleInverseVideo 'I'
                 Toggle inverse video.

       ConnectionInfo 'J'
                 Show details about current connection.

       ThreadMarkArtRead 'K'
                 Mark  article  as  read  and  move  onto  the next unread article. If a range of
                 articles is set, the range will  be  marked  as  read  instead  of  the  current
                 article. When tagged articles are present, a prompt asks how to proceed.

       LookupMessage 'L'
                 Look up article by ''Message-ID:''.

       ThreadMail 'm'
                 Mail current article / thread / auto-selected (hot) articles / articles matching
                 pattern / tagged articles to someone. See the section "MAILING  PIPING  PRINTING
                 REPOSTING AND SAVING ARTICLES" for more information.

       Print 'o' Send current article / thread / auto-selected (hot) articles / articles matching
                 pattern / tagged articles to printer. See the section "MAILING  PIPING  PRINTING
                 REPOSTING AND SAVING ARTICLES" for more information.

       Quit 'q'  Return to previous level.

       QuitTin 'Q'
                 Quit tin — don't ask the user to confirm.

       BugReport 'R'
                 Mail  a  bug  report  or  comment to <tin-bugs@tin.org>. This is the best way of
                 getting bugs fixed and features added/changed.

       ThreadSave 's'
                 Save current article / thread / auto-selected (hot) articles / articles matching
                 pattern  /  tagged  articles. See the section "MAILING PIPING PRINTING REPOSTING
                 AND SAVING ARTICLES" for more information.

       ThreadAutoSave 'S'
                 Save marked articles automatically without further prompting.

       ThreadTag 't'
                 Toggle tag status of current article for mailing, piping,  printing,  saving  or
                 reposting.

       ThreadTagParts 'T'
                 Automatically  tag/untag  all  the  parts  of  the current multi-part message in
                 order.

       ThreadUntag 'U'
                 Untag all tagged threads.

       Post 'w'  Post an article to the current group. If posting fails for some  reason,  you'll
                 get  the  chance  to  edit the article again via PostEdit ('e'), postpone it for
                 later processing via PostPostpone ('o') (see also ''-o'' command-line switch) or
                 discard it via Quit ('q').

       MarkArtUnread 'z'
                 Mark  current  article  in  thread as unread. If a range of articles is set, the
                 range will be marked as unread instead  of  the  current  article.  When  tagged
                 articles are present, a prompt asks how to proceed.

       MarkThdUnread 'Z'
                 Mark all articles in thread as unread.

   ARTICLE VIEWER COMMANDS
       0         Read the first (base) article in this thread.

       4         Read response 4 in this thread.

       MenuFilterSelect '^A'
                 Auto  select  article(s) using a menu. Read the section "FILTERING ARTICLES" for
                 more information.

       PageReplyQuoteHeaders '^E'
                 Reply through mail to the author of the current  article  with  a  copy  of  the
                 article with all headers included.

       PagePGPCheckArticle '^G'
                 Perform pgp(1) / gpg(1) operations on article. This expects inline pgp (RFC4880)
                 and not MIME pgp (RFC3156).

       PageToggleRaw '^H'
                 Toggles the display mode (raw including all headers vs. cooked).

       MenuFilterKill '^K'
                 Kill article(s) using a menu. Read the section  "FILTERING  ARTICLES"  for  more
                 information.

       PageToggleTabs '^T'
                 Toggle the TAB width between 4 and 8 characters.

       PageFollowupQuoteHeaders '^W'
                 Post  a  followup  to  the  current  article with a copy of the article with all
                 headers included.

       PageToggleTex2iso '"'
                 Toggle TeX to ISO decoding for current article. The default  behavior  is  taken
                 from the tex2iso_conv variable in the tinrc file.

       PageToggleAllHeaders '*'
                 Toggles the display of all headers vs. headers in news_headers_to_display.

       PageToggleRot '%'
                 Toggle ROT-13 decoding for this article.

       PageToggleUue '('
                 Toggle the display of uuencoded sections. The default behavior is taken from the
                 hide_uue variable in the tinrc file.

       PageReveal ')'
                 The form feed character (^L) is often used to hide 'spoilers'  that  the  reader
                 may not initially wish to see when viewing an article. Any text after a formfeed
                 is not displayed. This key-press acts like a reveal key  and  turns  the  hidden
                 text  back  on. Scrolling down will also reveal the text, scrolling up will hide
                 it again.

       LastViewed '-'
                 Re-enter the last message that was viewed.

       SearchRepeat '\'
                 Repeat the previous search.

       SearchSubjF '/'
                 Forward search the text of this article.

       SearchSubjB '?'
                 Backward search the text of this article.

       PageSkipIncludedText ':'
                 Skip to the end of the next quoted text-block in this article.  Quoted  text  is
                 everything which matches quote_regex, quote_regex2 or quote_regex3.

       PageTopThd '<'
                 Go to the first article in the current thread.

       PageBotThd '>'
                 Go to the last article in the current thread.

       PageToggleHighlight '_'
                 Toggle word highlighting on/off.

       Pipe '|'  Pipe current article / thread / auto-selected (hot) articles / articles matching
                 pattern / tagged articles into command. See the section "MAILING PIPING PRINTING
                 REPOSTING AND SAVING ARTICLES" for more information.

       QuickFilterSelect '['
                 Auto  select  article(s)  with a single key. The defaults used for selection are
                 set   based    upon    the    following    four    tinrc    config    variables:
                 default_filter_select_case,                        default_filter_select_expire,
                 default_filter_select_global and default_filter_select_header Read  the  section
                 "GLOBAL OPTIONS MENU AND TINRC CONFIGURABLE VARIABLES" for a full explanation of
                 these variables and "FILTERING ARTICLES" for more information on filtering.

       QuickFilterKill ']'
                 Kill article(s) with a single key. The defaults used for killing are based  upon
                 the   following   four   tinrc   config   variables:   default_filter_kill_case,
                 default_filter_kill_expire,            default_filter_kill_global            and
                 default_filter_kill_header.   Read  the  section  "GLOBAL OPTIONS MENU AND TINRC
                 CONFIGURABLE VARIABLES" for a full explanation of these variables and "FILTERING
                 ARTICLES" for more information on filtering.

       PageNextThd '^J' '<CR>'
                 Go to next base article.

       PageNextUnread '<TAB>'
                 Go  to  next  unread  article.  If  the  tinrc variable goto_next_unread doesn't
                 contain PageNextUnread, then this  key  will  first  page  through  the  current
                 article.

       SearchAuthF 'a'
                 Author forward search.

       SearchAuthB 'A'
                 Author backward search.

       SearchBody 'B'
                 Search the body of all articles in group (can be slow). You can abort the search
                 using Quit ('q').

       Catchup 'c'
                 Mark the current thread as read [after confirmation] and return to the  previous
                 menu. Move cursor to next item.

       CatchupNextUnread 'C'
                 Mark  the  rest of the current thread as read [after confirmation] and enter the
                 next thread with unread articles.

       PageCancel 'D'
                 Cancel (delete) or supersede (overwrite) the current article. It must have  been
                 posted  by  the  same  user.  The  cancel  message  can be seen in the newsgroup
                 'control' or 'control.cancel'.

       PageEditArticle 'e'
                 Edit the current article. This is restricted to mailgroups and saved news.

       EditFilter 'E'
                 Edit the filter file and reload it afterwards.

       PageFollowupQuote 'f'
                 Post a followup to the current article with a copy of the article included.

       PageFollowup 'F'
                 Post a followup to the current article without including a copy of the article.

       PageFirstPage 'g'
                 Go to the start of the article.

       PageLastPage 'G'
                 Go to the end of the article.

       ToggleInfoLastLine 'i'
                 Display the subject of the current article in the last line.

       ToggleInverseVideo 'I'
                 Toggle inverse video.

       ConnectionInfo 'J'
                 Show details about current connection.

       PageKillThd 'K'
                 Mark rest of thread as read and move onto the next unread thread.

       PageListThd 'l'
                 Show the thread menu that the current article is a part of.

       LookupMessage 'L'
                 Look up article by ''Message-ID:''.

       PageMail 'm'
                 Mail current article / thread / auto-selected (hot) articles / articles matching
                 pattern  /  tagged articles to someone. See the section "MAILING PIPING PRINTING
                 REPOSTING AND SAVING ARTICLES" for more information.

       OptionMenu 'M'
                 User configurable options menu (for more information see section "GLOBAL OPTIONS
                 MENU AND TINRC CONFIGURABLE VARIABLES").

       PageNextArt 'n'
                 Go to the next article.

       PageNextUnreadArt 'N'
                 Go to the next unread article.

       Print 'o' Send current article / thread / auto-selected (hot) articles / articles matching
                 pattern / tagged articles to printer. See the section "MAILING  PIPING  PRINTING
                 REPOSTING AND SAVING ARTICLES" for more information.

       PagePrevArt 'p'
                 Go to the previous article.

       PagePrevUnreadArt 'P'
                 Go to the previous unread article.

       Quit 'q'  Return to the previous level.

       QuitTin 'Q'
                 Quit tin — don't ask the user to confirm.

       PageReplyQuote 'r'
                 Reply  through  mail  to  the  author  of the current article with a copy of the
                 article included.

       PageReply 'R'
                 Reply through mail to the author of the current article  without  including  the
                 original article.

       PageSave 's'
                 Save current article / thread / auto-selected (hot) articles / articles matching
                 pattern / tagged articles. See the section "MAILING  PIPING  PRINTING  REPOSTING
                 AND SAVING ARTICLES" for more information.

       PageAutoSave 'S'
                 Save marked articles automatically without further prompting.

       PageTag 't'
                 Toggle  tag  status  of current article for mailing, piping, printing, saving or
                 reposting.

       PageGroupSel 'T'
                 Return to group selection level.

       PageGotoParent 'u'
                 Go to parent article.

       PageViewUrl 'U'
                 Display a list of URLs in the current article. See the section "URL LISTING" for
                 more information.

       PageViewAttach 'V'
                 Display  a  list  of  attachments  of  the  current  article.  See  the  section
                 "ATTACHMENT LISTING" for more information.

       Post 'w'  Post an article to the current group. If posting fails for some  reason,  you'll
                 get  the  chance  to  edit the article again via PostEdit ('e'), postpone it for
                 later processing via PostPostpone ('o') (see also ''-o'' command-line switch) or
                 discard it via Quit ('q').

       PageRepost 'x'
                 Repost  an  already  posted  article  /  thread / auto-selected (hot) articles /
                 articles matching pattern / tagged articles to another newsgroup(s). Useful  for
                 reposting from global to local newsgroups. Do not use this to crosspost your own
                 articles.

       MarkArtUnread 'z'
                 Mark article as unread.

       MarkThdUnread 'Z'
                 Mark the current thread as unread.

   URL LISTING
       PageViewUrl ('U') displays a list of URLs in  the  current  article.  Besides  the  common
       moving keys, the following commands are available:

           UrlSelect '^J' '<CR>'
                     The  current  URL will be prompted and opened using the url_handler. '<ESC>'
                     or no input will skip the URL.

           SearchSubjF '/'
                     URL forward search.

           SearchSubjB '?'
                     URL backward search.

           SearchRepeat '\'
                     Repeat the previous search.

           ShellEscape '!'
                     Shell escape.

           ToggleInfoLastLine 'i'
                     Toggle the display of the current URL in the last line.

           Help 'h'  Help screen of commands available.

           ToggleHelpDisplay 'H'
                     Toggle the display of help mini menu at the bottom of the screen and posting
                     etiquette after composing an article (beginner_level).

   ATTACHMENT LISTING
       PageViewAttach  ('V')  displays  a list of attachments of the current article. Besides the
       common moving keys, the following commands are available:

           AttachPipe 'p'
                     Pipe attachment into command.

           AttachSave 's'
                     Save current attachment / tagged attachments to disk.

           AttachSelect '^J' '<CR>'
                     View attachment.

           AttachTag 't'
                     Tag one or more attachments for saving.

           AttachTagPattern '='
                     Prompts for a pattern to match. All attachments  whose  name/description  or
                     content type/transfer encoding match the pattern will be tagged.

           AttachToggleTagged '@'
                     Reverse tagging of all attachments.

           AttachUntag 'U'
                     Untag all tagged attachments.

           SearchSubjF '/'
                     Attachment forward search.

           SearchSubjB '?'
                     Attachment backward search.

           SearchRepeat '\'
                     Repeat the previous search.

           GlobalPipe '|'
                     Pipe attachment into command. Uses the raw attachment, no decoding is done.

           ShellEscape '!'
                     Shell escape.

           ToggleInfoLastLine 'i'
                     Toggle  the display of the name/description of the current attachment in the
                     last line.

           Help 'h'  Help screen of commands available.

           ToggleHelpDisplay 'H'
                     Toggle the display of help mini menu at the bottom of the screen and posting
                     etiquette after composing an article (beginner_level).

   POSTING HISTORY LISTING
       DisplayPostHist  ('W')  displays  a  list  of  all  previous  posted  articles  stored  in
       ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin/posted. The following information is shown: a time  stamp  in
       "dd-mm-yy"-format,  a single letter indicating the action which initiated the message, the
       group names (eventually shortened, see also abbreviate_groupname) or a  mail  address  the
       message  was  sent  to and the subject of the message. Besides the common moving keys, the
       following commands are available:

           PostedArticlesSelect '^J' '<CR>'
                     The article with the current ''Message-ID:'' will be  opened  if  available.
                     Note that this requires that the ''Message-ID:'' of the article was recorded
                     in ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin/posted which may not always be the case.  If
                     using  NNTP  and  the  internal  inews  (inews_prog set to "--internal") and
                     either the server proposes  a  ''Message-ID:''  during  the  POST  (RFC3977)
                     command or tin is built to generate ''Message-ID:'' this should be the case.
                     With an external inews (and reading from local spool) it is not.

           SearchSubjF '/'
                     URL forward search.

           SearchSubjB '?'
                     URL backward search.

           SearchRepeat '\'
                     Repeat the previous search.

           ShellEscape '!'
                     Shell escape.

           ToggleInfoLastLine 'i'
                     Toggle the display of the current ''Message-ID:'' in the last line.

           Help 'h'  Help screen of commands available.

           ToggleHelpDisplay 'H'
                     Toggle the display of help mini menu at the bottom of the screen and posting
                     etiquette after composing an article (beginner_level).

   GLOBAL OPTIONS MENU AND TINRC CONFIGURABLE VARIABLES
       At  startup,  tin reads in the configuration files (see also tin(5)).  They contain a list
       of variables that can be used to configure the way tin works. If  it  exists,  the  global
       configuration  file, /etc/tin/tinrc is read. After that, the user's own configuration file
       is  read  from  ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin/tinrc.  The  global  file   is   useful   for
       distributing system-wide defaults to new users who have no private tinrc yet.

       The   variables   are  user  configurable  by  editing  ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin/tinrc
       directly. Most of them can also be set in the GLOBAL OPTIONS MENU  which  is  accessed  by
       pressing  OptionMenu  ('M') at all levels. It allows the user to customize the behavior of
       tin. The options are saved to the file ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin/tinrc  when  you  exit
       tin so don't edit the file directly whilst tin is running.

       In  the options menu use the cursor keys in the usual way to move around. Use ConfigSelect
       ('^J' or '<CR>') to 'open' the option you wish to change. You will need  to  enter  a  new
       value  or  use  '<SPACE>'  to toggle the available options. ConfigSelect will save the new
       value, '<ESC>' will abort without saving changes.

       As with the other menus, RedrawScr ('^L') will redraw the screen. You can use  SearchSubjF
       ('/'),  SearchSubjB ('?') and SearchRepeat ('\') to search for a specific option. Use Quit
       ('q') to exit the option menu and keep your changes. Use QuitTin  ('Q')  to  exit  without
       keeping your changes.

       The  options  menu  provides  access  to  the attributes menu for the current group by the
       ConfigToggleAttrib ('<TAB>') command. Pressing ConfigToggleAttrib again  toggles  back  to
       the options menu. For more information see section "ATTRIBUTES MENU AND GROUP ATTRIBUTES".

       The  ConfigScopeMenu  ('S')  command  brings  up the scopes menu. For more information see
       section "SCOPES MENU".

       Here is a full list of all the available variables. The name in braces is the name of  the
       corresponding setting in ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin/tinrc.

       Abbreviate long newsgroup names (abbreviate_groupname)
           If  ON  abbreviate long newsgroup names at group selection level and article level (if
           necessary) like this: news.software.readers -> n.software.readers  ->  n.s.readers  ->
           n.s.r.  Default is OFF.

       Add posted articles to filter (add_posted_to_filter)
           If  ON add posted articles which start a new thread to filter for highlighting follow-
           ups. Default is ON.

       Insert 'User-Agent:'-header (advertising)
           Turn ON advertising in header (''User-Agent:''). Default is ON.

       Skip multipart/alternative parts (alternative_handling)
           If ON strip multipart/alternative messages automatically. Default is ON.

       Character to show deleted articles (art_marked_deleted)
           The character used to show that an article was deleted. Default is 'D'.

       Character to show inrange articles (art_marked_inrange)
           The character used to show that an article is in a range. Default is '#'.

       Character to show returning arts (art_marked_return)
           The character used to show that an article will return as an unread article  when  the
           group is next entered. Default is '-'.

       Character to show selected articles (art_marked_selected)
           The  character used to show that an article/thread is auto-selected (hot).  Default is
           '*'.

       Character to show recent articles (art_marked_recent)
           The character used to show that an article/thread is recent (not older than  X  days).
           See also recent_time. Default is 'o'.

       Character to show unread articles (art_marked_unread)
           The character used to show that an article has not been read.  Default is '+'.

       Character to show read articles (art_marked_read)
           The character used to show that an article was read. Default is ' '.

       Character to show killed articles (art_marked_killed)
           The  character  used  to  show that an article was killed. Default is 'K'.  kill_level
           must be set accordingly.

       Character to show read selected arts (art_marked_read_selected)
           The character used to show that an article was hot before it  was  read.   Default  is
           ':'. kill_level must be set accordingly.

       Ask before using MIME viewer (ask_for_metamail)
           If  ON  tin  will  ask  before  using  a  MIME  viewer (metamail_prog) to display MIME
           messages. This only occurs if a MIME viewer is set. Default is OFF.

       Send you a cc and/or bcc automatically (auto_cc_bcc)
           Automatically put your name in the ''Cc:''  and/or  ''Bcc:''  field  when  mailing  an
           article. Default is No.

       List thread using right arrow key (auto_list_thread)
           If  ON  automatically  list thread when entering it using right arrow key.  Default is
           ON.

       Reconnect to server automatically (auto_reconnect)
           Default is OFF.

       Save articles in batch mode (batch_save)
           If set ON articles/threads will be saved in batch mode when save ''-S'' or mail  ''-M,
           -N'' is specified on the command line. Default is ON.

       Show mini menu & posting etiquette (beginner_level)
           If  set  ON a mini menu of the most useful commands will be displayed at the bottom of
           the screen for each level. Also a short posting  etiquette  will  be  displayed  after
           composing an article. Default is ON.

       Cache NNTP overview files locally (cache_overview_files)
           If  ON,  create  local copies of NNTP overview files. This can be used to considerably
           speed up accessing large groups when using a slow connection.  See also "INDEX FILES".
           Default is OFF.

       Hash algorithm for cancel-locks (cancel_lock_algo)
           Use  this  hash algorithm for cancel-locks. Only available when built with cancel-lock
           support. none disables the generation of cancel-locks. Valid values  are  none,  sha1,
           sha256 and sha512.  Default is sha1.

       Catchup read groups when quitting (catchup_read_groups)
           If  set  ON  the  user  is  asked  when quitting if all groups read during the current
           session should be marked read. Default is OFF.

       Standard background color (col_back)
           Standard background color

       Color of quoted text from external sources (col_extquote)
           Color of quoted text from external sources

       Color of sender (From:) (col_from)
           Color of sender (From:)

       Color of article header lines (col_head)
           Color of header-lines

       Color of help text (col_help)
           Color of help pages

       Color for inverse text (background) (col_invers_bg)
           Color of background for inverse text

       Color for inverse text (foreground) (col_invers_fg)
           Color of foreground for inverse text

       Color of status messages (col_message)
           Color of status messages in last line

       Color of highlighting with _dash_ (col_markdash)
           Color  of  words  emphasized  like   _this_.   See   also   word_h_display_marks   and
           word_highlight.

       Color of highlighting with /slash/ (col_markslash)
           Color   of   words   emphasized   like   /this/.  See  also  word_h_display_marks  and
           word_highlight.

       Color of highlighting with *stars* (col_markstar)
           Color  of  words  emphasized  like   *this*.   See   also   word_h_display_marks   and
           word_highlight.

       Color of highlighting with -stroke- (col_markstroke)
           Color   of   words   emphasized   like   -this-.  See  also  word_h_display_marks  and
           word_highlight.

       Color of mini help menu (col_minihelp)
           Color of mini help menu

       Color of actual news header fields (col_newsheaders)
           Color of actual news header fields

       Standard foreground color (col_normal)
           Standard foreground color

       Color of quoted lines (col_quote)
           Color of quoted lines

       Color of twice quoted line (col_quote2)
           Color of twice quoted lines

       Color of =>3 times quoted line (col_quote3)
           Color of >=3 times quoted lines

       Color of response counter (col_response)
           Color of response counter. This is the text that says "Response x of y" in the article
           viewer.

       Color of signatures (col_signature)
           Color of signatures

       Color of urls highlight (col_urls)
           Color of urls highlight

       Color of verbatim blocks (col_verbatim)
           Color of verbatim blocks

       Color of article subject lines (col_subject)
           Color of article subject

       Color of text lines (col_text)
           Color of text-lines

       Color of help/mail sign (col_title)
           Color of help/mail sign

       Which actions require confirmation (confirm_choice)
           Ask for manual confirmation to protect the user.

            •  commands  Ask  for confirmation before executing certain dangerous commands (e.g.,
               Catchup ('c')). Commands that this affects are marked in this manual with  '[after
               confirmation]'. Default is commands & quit.

            •  quit  You'll  be  asked to confirm that you wish to exit tin when you use the Quit
               ('q') command.

            •  select  Ask   for   confirmation   before   marking   all   not   selected   (with
               GroupMarkUnselArtRead ('X') command) articles as read.

       Format string for display of dates (date_format)
           Format  string tin uses for date representation. A description of the different format
           options can be found at strftime(3).  tin uses strftime(3) when available and supports
           most format options in his fallback code.  Default is "%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S".

       (default_art_search)

       (default_author_search)

       (default_config_search)
           The last article/author/config option that was searched for.

       (default_filter_days)
           Default is 28.

       (default_filter_kill_case)
           Default  for quick (1 key) kill filter case.  ON = filter case sensitive, OFF = ignore
           case. Default is OFF.

       (default_filter_kill_expire)
           Default for quick (1 key) kill filter expire.  ON = limit to default_filter_days,  OFF
           = don't ever expire. Default is OFF.

       (default_filter_kill_global)
           Default  for  quick  (1 key) kill filter global.  ON=apply to all groups, OFF=apply to
           current group. Default is ON.

       (default_filter_kill_header)
           Default for quick (1 key) kill filter header.

            0  ''Subject:'' (case sensitive)

            1  ''Subject:'' (ignore case)

            2  ''From:'' (case sensitive)

            3  ''From:'' (ignore case)

            4  ''Message-ID:'' & full ''References:'' line

            5  ''Message-ID:'' & last ''References:'' entry only

            6  ''Message-ID:'' entry only

            7  ''Lines:''

       (default_filter_select_case)
           Default for quick (1  key)  auto-selection  filter  case.  ON=filter  case  sensitive,
           OFF=ignore case. Default is OFF.

       (default_filter_select_expire)
           Default   for   quick   (1   key)   auto-selection  filter  expire.   ON  =  limit  to
           default_filter_days, OFF = don't ever expire.  Default is OFF.

       (default_filter_select_global)
           Default for quick (1 key) auto-selection  filter  global.   ON=apply  to  all  groups,
           OFF=apply to current group. Default is ON.

       (default_filter_select_header)
           Default for quick (1 key) auto-selection filter header.

            0  ''Subject:'' (case sensitive)

            1  ''Subject:'' (ignore case)

            2  ''From:'' (case sensitive)

            3  ''From:'' (ignore case)

            4  ''Message-ID:'' & full ''References:'' line

            5  ''Message-ID:'' & last ''References:'' entry only

            6  ''Message-ID:'' entry only

            7  ''Lines:''

       (default_goto_group)

       (default_group_search)

       (default_mail_address)

       (default_move_group)

       (default_pattern)

       (default_pipe_command)

       (default_post_newsgroups)

       (default_post_subject)

       (default_range_group)

       (default_range_select)

       (default_range_thread)

       (default_repost_group)

       (default_save_file)

       (default_save_mode)

       (default_select_pattern)

       (default_shell_command)

       (default_subject_search)

       Draw -> instead of highlighted bar (draw_arrow)
           Allows  groups/articles  to be selected by an arrow '->' if set ON or by a highlighted
           bar if set OFF. Default is OFF.

       Invocation of your editor (editor_format)
           The format string used to create the editor start command with parameters.  Default is
           '%E +%N %F' with %E=Editor, %N=Linenumber and %F=Filename (e.g., /bin/vi +7 .article).
           See also $VISUAL and $EDITOR under "ENVIRONMENT".

       Detection of external quotes (extquote_handling)
           If ON quotes from external sources will be detected. Default is OFF.

       Regex used to show external quotes (extquote_regex)
           A regular expression that will be applied when reading articles.  All  matching  lines
           are  shown  in  col_extquote.  If  extquote_regex  is  blank, then tin uses a built-in
           default.

       Force redraw after certain commands (force_screen_redraw)
           Specifies whether a screen  redraw  should  always  be  done  after  certain  external
           commands. Default is OFF.

       Number of articles to get (getart_limit)
           If  getart_limit is > 0 not more than the last getart_limit articles/group are fetched
           from the server. If getart_limit is < 0 tin will start  fetching  articles  from  your
           first unread minus absolute value of getart_limit. Default is 0, which means no limit.

       Catchup group using left key (group_catchup_on_exit)
           If ON catchup group when leaving with the left arrow key. Default is ON.

       Format string for the Group level (group_format)
           Format  string  tin  uses for Group level representation. See the section "CUSTOMIZING
           THE SCREEN FORMAT". Default is "%n %m %R %L  %s  %F".

       Go to the next unread article with (goto_next_unread)
           Which keys tin should accept to jump to the next  unread  article.   Possible  is  any
           combination  of  PageDown  and  PageNextUnread.  When PageDown is set tin jumps to the
           next article at the end of the current one.  When  PageNextUnread  is  set  tin  jumps
           immediately  to  the next article when PageNextUnread ('<TAB>') is pressed. Default is
           PageNextUnread.

       Display uue data as an attachment (hide_uue)
           If set to 'No' then raw uuencoded data is displayed. If set to 'Yes' then sections  of
           uuencoded  data  will  be  shown  with a single tag line showing the size and filename
           (much the same as a MIME attachment).  If set to 'Hide all' then any line  that  looks
           like uuencoded data will be folded into a tag line. This is useful when uuencoded data
           is split across more than one article but can  also  lead  to  false  positives.  This
           setting can also be toggled in the article viewer.  Default is 'No'.

       External inews (inews_prog)
           Path,  name and options of external inews(1).  If you are reading via NNTP the default
           value is "--internal" (use built-in NNTP inews), else it is "inews -h". The article is
           passed to inews_prog on STDIN via '< article'.

       (info_in_last_line)
           If  ON, show current group description or article subject in the last line (not in the
           pager and global menu) — ToggleInfoLastLine ('i') toggles setting.  This  facility  is
           useful  as the full width of the screen is available to display long subjects. Default
           is OFF.

       Use interactive mail reader (interactive_mailer)
           Interactive mailreader: if greater than 0 your mailreader will be invoked earlier  for
           reply  so  you  can  use  more  of its features (e.g. MIME, pgp, ...). 1 means include
           headers, 2 means don't include headers (old use_mailreader_i=ON option). 0  turns  off
           usage. This option has to suit mailer_format. Default is 0.

       Use inverse video for page headers (inverse_okay)
           If ON use inverse video for page headers and URL highlighting.  Default is ON.

       Keep failed arts in ~/dead.articles (keep_dead_articles)
           If  ON  keep  all  failed  postings  in  ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/dead.articles besides
           keeping the last failed posting in  ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/dead.article.  Default  is
           ON.

       Filter which articles (kill_level)
           This  option  controls  the processing and display of articles that are killed.  There
           are 3 options:

            0  Kill only unread arts is the 'traditional' behavior of tin. Only  unread  articles
               are  killed  once  only  by marking them read. As filtering only happens on unread
               articles with kill_level set to 0, art_marked_killed and  art_marked_read_selected
               are only shown once. When you reenter the group the mark will be gone.

            1  Kill  all  arts & show with K will process all articles in the group and therefore
               there is a processing  overhead  when  using  this  option.  Killed  articles  are
               threaded as normal but they will be marked with art_marked_killed.

            2  Kill  all arts and never show will process all articles in the group and therefore
               there is a processing overhead when using this option. Killed articles simply does
               not get displayed at all.
       Default is 0 (Kill only unread arts).

       Use 8bit characters in mail headers (mail_8bit_header)
           Allows  8bit  characters  unencoded  in  the  header  of mail message. Default is OFF.
           Turning it ON is effective only if mail_mime_encoding is also set to 8bit. Leaving  it
           OFF  is  safe for most users and compliant to Internet Mail Standard (RFC5322 and RFC‐
           2047). Default is OFF.

       Mail address (mail_address)
           User's mail address (and full name), if not username@host. This is used when  creating
           articles, sending mail and when pgp(1) / gpg(1) signing (RFC4880).

       MIME encoding in mail messages (mail_mime_encoding)
           MIME   encoding   of   the   body   in  mail  message,  if  necessary  (8bit,  base64,
           quoted-printable, 7bit). Default is quoted-printable.

       Quote line when mailing (mail_quote_format)
           Format of quote line when replying (via mail)  to  an  article  (%A=Address,  %D=Date,
           %F=Fullname+Address,    %G=Groupname,    %M=Message-ID,   %N=Fullname,   %C=Firstname,
           %I=Initials). Default is "In article %M you wrote:"

       Format of the mailbox (mailbox_format)
           Select one of the following mailbox-formats: MBOXO (default, except on SCO), MBOXRD or
           MMDF  (default  on  SCO). See mbox(5) and RFC4155 for more details on MBOXO and MBOXRD
           and mmdf(5) for more details about MMDF.

       Mail directory (maildir)
           The directory where articles/threads are to be saved in mbox(5) format.  This  feature
           is  mainly  for  use  with  the  mutt(1)  mail  program.  It  allows  the user to save
           articles/threads/groups simply by giving '=' as the filename to save to.   Default  is
           ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/Mail.

       Invocation of your mail command (mailer_format)
           The  format  string used to create the mailer command with parameters that is used for
           mailing articles to other people. Default is '%M "%T" < %F' (e.g., /bin/mail "iain"  <
           ~/.article).  The  flexible  format  allows  other mailers with different command line
           parameters to be used such as
              sendmail -oem -t < %F
              mutt -s "%S" -- "%T" < %F
              mutt -H %F
              claws-mail --compose "mailto:%T?subject=%S&insert=%F"
           interactive_mailer must be set adequate. The following substitutions are supported:
              %F              filename
              %M              default_mailer
              %S              subject-field
              %T              to-filed
              %U              username
              %%              %

       'Mark as (un)read' ignores tags (mark_ignore_tags)
           When this is ON, the GroupMarkThdRead ('K'),  ThreadMarkArtRead  ('K'),  MarkThdUnread
           ('Z')  at  Group level and MarkArtUnread ('z') at Thread level functions mark just the
           current article or thread, ignoring other tagged, (un)read  articles.  When  OFF,  the
           same  function  presents  a  menu  with  choices of the current thread or article, all
           tagged, unread articles, or nothing.

       Mark saved articles/threads as read (mark_saved_read)
           If ON mark articles that are saved as read. Default is ON.

       Viewer program for MIME articles (metamail_prog)
           Path, name and options of external metamail(1) program used to view non-textual  parts
           of articles.  To use the built-in viewer, set to --internal. This is the default value
           when metamail(1) is not installed. Leave it blank if  you  don't  want  any  automatic
           viewing  of  non-textual  attachments.  The PageViewAttach ('V') command can always be
           used to manually view any attachments. See also ask_for_metamail.

       MM_CHARSET (mm_charset)
           Charset supported locally, which is also used for MIME header (charset  parameter  and
           charset  name in header encoding) in mail and news postings. If MIME_STRICT_CHARSET is
           defined at compile time, text in charset other than the value  of  this  parameter  is
           considered  not  displayable and represented as '?'. Otherwise, all character sets are
           regarded as compatible with the display. If it's not set, the value of the environment
           variable $MM_CHARSET is used. US-ASCII or compile-time default is used in case neither
           of them is defined. If your system supports iconv(3), this option is disabled and  you
           should use mm_network_charset instead.

       MM_NETWORK_CHARSET (mm_network_charset)
           Charset  used  for  posting and MIME headers; replaces mm_charset.  Conversion between
           mm_network_charset and local charset  (determined  via  nl_langinfo(3))  is  done  via
           iconv(3), if this function is not available on your system this option is disabled and
           you have to use mm_charset instead.  mm_network_charset  is  limited  to  one  of  the
           following charsets:
              US-ASCII, ISO-8859-{1,2,3,4,5,7,9,10,13,14,15,16}, KOI8-{R,U,RU} EUC-{CN,JP,KR,TW},
              ISO-2022-{CN,CN-EXT,JP,JP-1,JP-2}, Big5, UTF-8
           Not all values might work on your system, see iconv_open(3) for more details. If  it's
           not  set,  the  value  of  the  environment  variable $MM_CHARSET is used. US-ASCII or
           compile-time default is used in case neither of them is defined.

       Attribute of highlighting with _dash_ (mono_markdash)
           Character attribute of words emphasized like _this_. It depends on your terminal which
           attributes are usable. See also word_h_display_marks and word_highlight.

       Attribute of highlighting with /slash/ (mono_markslash)
           Character attribute of words emphasized like /this/. It depends on your terminal which
           attributes are usable. See also word_h_display_marks and word_highlight.

       Attribute of highlighting with *stars* (mono_markstar)
           Character attribute of words emphasized like *this*. It depends on your terminal which
           attributes are usable. See also word_h_display_marks and word_highlight.

       Attribute of highlighting with -stroke- (mono_markstroke)
           Character attribute of words emphasized like -this-. It depends on your terminal which
           attributes are usable. See also word_h_display_marks and word_highlight.

       (newnews)
           These are internal timers used by tin to keep track of new newsgroups.  Do not  change
           them unless you understand what they are for.

       Display these header fields (or *) (news_headers_to_display)
           Which news headers you wish to see. If you want to see _all_ the headers, place an '*'
           as this value. This is the only way a wildcard can be used.  If you enter 'X-' as  the
           value,  you  will see all headers beginning with 'X-' (like X-Alan or X-Pape). You can
           list more than one by delimiting with spaces. Not defining  anything  turns  off  this
           option.

       Do not display these header fields (news_headers_to_not_display)
           Same  as  news_headers_to_display  except it denotes the opposite. An example of using
           both options might be if you thought 'X-' headers were A Good Thing(tm),  but  thought
           Alan  and  Pape  were  miscreants...  well  then  you  would  do  something like this:
           news_headers_to_display=X-  news_headers_to_not_display=X-Alan  X-Pape  Not   defining
           anything turns off this option.

       Quote line when following up (news_quote_format)
           Format  of  quote  line  when  posting/following  up  an article (%A=Address, %D=Date,
           %F=Fullname+Address,   %G=Groupname,   %M=Message-ID,    %N=Fullname,    %C=Firstname,
           %I=Initials). Default is "%F wrote:".

       NNTP read timeout in seconds (nntp_read_timeout_secs)
           Time  in seconds to wait for a response from the server. Default is 120.  Setting this
           to 0 means no timeout. As if you use the "-C" option in conjunction with a  low  value
           for nntp_read_timeout_secs may result in a timeout (and disconnect in batch mode) when
           connecting to large servers or entering large groups, because the timer  is  set  when
           the  command  is  sent  to  the  server and that needs some time to compress the large
           response, the value should not be set too small.

       Unicode normalization form (normalization_form)
           The normalization form tin should use to normalize unicode input.  The possible values
           are:

            0  None: no normalization

            1  NFKC: Compatibility Decomposition, followed by Canonical Composition

            2  NFKD: Compatibility Decomposition

            3  NFC: Canonical Decomposition, followed by Canonical Composition

            4  NFD: Canonical Decomposition

            5  NFKC_CF:  Compatibility  Decomposition, followed by Canonical Composition and Case
               Folding
       Some normalization modes are only available if they are supported by the library tin  uses
       to do the normalization. NFC should be used if possible.

       Go to first unread article in group (pos_first_unread)
           If  ON  put cursor at first unread article in group otherwise at last article. Default
           is ON.

       Use 8bit characters in news headers (post_8bit_header)
           Allows 8bit characters unencoded in the header of a news article,  if  set  this  also
           disables  the  generation  of  MIME-headers when they are usually required. Default is
           OFF. Only enacted if post_mime_encoding is also set to 8bit.  In  a  number  of  local
           hierarchies  where  8bit characters are used, using unencoded (raw) 8bit characters in
           header is acceptable and sometimes even recommended so that  you  need  to  check  the
           convention  adopted  in  the  local hierarchy of your interest to determine what to do
           with this and post_mime_encoding.

       MIME encoding in news messages (post_mime_encoding)
           MIME  encoding  of  the  body  in  news  message,   if   necessary.   (8bit,   base64,
           quoted-printable,  7bit).  Default  is  8bit,  which leads to no encoding.  base64 and
           quoted-printable are usually undesired on usenet.

       View post-processed files (post_process_view)
           If ON, then tin will start an appropriate viewer program to  display  any  files  that
           were  post  processed  and  uudecoded.  The program is determined using the mailcap(5)
           file. Default is ON.

       Post process saved articles (post_process_type)
           This specifies whether to perform post processing  on  saved  articles.   Because  the
           shell  archive  may  contain commands you may not want to be executed, be careful when
           extracting shell archives.  The following values are allowed:

            0  No (default), no post processing is done.

            1  Shell archives, unpacking of multi-part shar(1) files only.

            2  Yes, binary attachments and data will be decoded and saved.

       Filename to be used for storing posted articles (posted_articles_file)
           Keep posted articles in given file.  If  the  given  filename  does  not  contain  any
           expandable  strings  it  will  be  prefixed  with ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/Mail/. If no
           filename is set then postings will not be  saved.  See  the  section  "MAILING  PIPING
           PRINTING  REPOSTING  AND  SAVING  ARTICLES"  for  more  information  about the various
           expansion characters. Default is 'posted'.

       Print all headers when printing (print_header)
           If ON, then the full article header  is  sent  to  the  printer.  Otherwise  only  the
           ''Subject:'' and ''From:'' fields are output. Default is OFF.

       Printer program with options (printer)
           The printer program with options that is to be used to print articles.  The default is
           lpr(1) for BSD machines and lp(1) for SysV machines. Printing from tin may  have  been
           disabled by the System Administrator.

       Process only unread articles (process_only_unread)
           If  ON  only save/print/pipe/mail unread articles (tagged articles excepted).  Default
           is OFF.

       Show empty Followup-To in editor (prompt_followupto)
           If ON show empty ''Followup-To:'' header when editing an article. Default is OFF.

       Characters used as quote-marks (quote_chars)
           The character used in quoting included text to article followups and mail replies. The
           '_'  character  represents a blank character and is replaced with ' ' when read, %I is
           replaced by author's initials. Default is '>_'.

       Quoting behavior (quote_style)
           How articles should be quoted when following up or  replying  to  them.  There  are  a
           number of things that can be done: empty lines can be quoted, signatures can be quoted
           and quote_chars can be compressed when quoting multiple times (for example,  '>  >  >'
           will  be  turned  into  '>>>').  The default is to compress quotes, and to quote empty
           lines.
           When you are viewing an article in raw mode ('^H'), and follow up or reply to it,  the
           signature  will  be  quoted  even if it would otherwise not be.  If show_signatures is
           off, then the signature will never be quoted.

       Regex used to show quoted lines (quote_regex)
           A regular expression that will be applied when reading articles.  All  matching  lines
           are shown in col_quote. If quote_regex is blank, then tin uses a built-in default.

       Regex used to show twice quoted l. (quote_regex2)
           A  regular  expression  that will be applied when reading articles. All matching lines
           are shown in col_quote2. If quote_regex2 is blank, then tin uses a built-in default.

       Regex used to show >= 3 times q.l. (quote_regex3)
           A regular expression that will be applied when reading articles.  All  matching  lines
           are shown in col_quote3. If quote_regex3 is blank, then tin uses a built-in default.

       Article recentness time limit (recent_time)
           If  set  to  0,  this  feature  is deactivated, otherwise it means the number of days.
           Default is 2.

       Render BiDi (render_bidi)
           If ON tin does the rendering of bi-directional text. If OFF tin leaves  the  rendering
           of bi-directional text to the terminal. Default is OFF.

       Interval in seconds to reread active (reread_active_file_secs)
           The  news  ${TIN_LIBDIR:-NEWSLIBDIR}"/"${TIN_ACTIVEFILE:-active}  file  is  reread  at
           regular intervals to show if any new news has arrived. Default is 1200.  Setting  this
           to 0 will disable this feature.

       Directory to save arts/threads in (savedir)
           Directory where articles/threads are saved. Default is ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/News.

       Score limit (kill) (score_limit_kill)
           If  the  score  of  an article is below or equal this value the article gets marked as
           killed.

       Score limit (select) (score_limit_select)
           If the score of an article is above or equal this value the  article  gets  marked  as
           hot.

       Default score to kill articles (score_kill)
           Score of an article which should be killed, this must be <= score_limit_kill.

       Default score to select articles (score_select)
           Score of an article which should be marked hot, this must be >= score_limit_select.

       Number of lines to scroll in pager (scroll_lines)
           The  number  of  lines  that  will be scrolled up/down in the article pager when using
           cursor-up/down. The default is 1 (line-by-line). Set to 0 to get traditional tin page-
           by-page  scrolling.  Set to -1 to get page-by-page scrolling where the top/bottom line
           is   carried    over    onto    the    next    page.     This    setting    supersedes
           show_last_line_prev_page=ON.  Set  to  -2  to  get  half-page  scrolling. This setting
           supersedes full_page_scroll=OFF.

       Format string for the Selection level (select_format)
           Format  string  tin  uses  for  Selection  level  representation.  See   the   section
           "CUSTOMIZING THE SCREEN FORMAT". Default is "%f %n %U  %G  %d".

       In group and thread level, show author by (show_author)
           Which information about the author should be shown. Default is 2, authors full name.

            0  None, only the ''Subject:'' line will be displayed.

            1  Address, ''Subject:'' line & the address part of the ''From:'' line are displayed.

            2  Full  Name,  ''Subject:''  line & the authors full name part of the ''From:'' line
               are displayed (default).

            3  Address and Name, ''Subject:'' line & all of the ''From:'' line are displayed.

       Show description of each newsgroup (show_description)
           If ON show a short group description text after newsgroup name at the group  selection
           level.  The  ''-d''  command-line flag will override the setting and turn descriptions
           off. The text used is taken from the ${TIN_LIBDIR:-NEWSLIBDIR}/newsgroups file and  if
           supported   (requires   tin   to   be   built   with  mh-mail-handling  support)  from
           ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin/mailgroups for mailgroups. Default is ON.

       Function for sorting articles (sort_function)
           Function used for sorting articles. Default is 0.

            0  Use qsort(3) for sorting.

            1  Use heapsort(3) for sorting. This might  be  faster  in  large  groups  with  long
               threads (somewhat presorted data).

       Show help/mail sign in level titles (show_help_mail_sign)
           Allows you to select whether tin shows a help indication, a new mail indication, both,
           or neither in the various level titles.  Default is 3.

            0  Don't show help or mail sign.

            1  Show only help sign.

            2  Show only mail sign if new mail, show only the mail sign, and only if new mail has
               arrived.

            3  Show  mail  if  new  mail  else  help  s.,  show mail sign if new mail has arrived
               otherwise show help sign.

       Show lines/score in listings (show_info)
           Which information about the thread or article should be shown. Default is 1, show only
           the line count.

            0  None, no information will be displayed.

            1  Lines,  in  article  listing the line count of an article will be displayed and in
               thread listing the line count of first (unread) article will be displayed.

            2  Score, in article listing the score of an article will be displayed and in  thread
               listing the score of the thread will be displayed — see also thread_score.

            3  Lines & Score, display line count and score.

       Show only unread articles (show_only_unread_arts)
           If ON show only new/unread articles otherwise show all articles.  Default is ON.

       Show only groups with unread arts (show_only_unread_groups)
           If ON show only subscribed groups that contain unread articles. Default is OFF.

       Display signatures (show_signatures)
           If OFF don't show signatures when displaying articles. Default is ON.

       Prepend signature with '\n-- \n' (sigdashes)
           If ON prepend the signature with sigdashes. Default is ON.

       Create signature from path/command (sigfile)
           The  path  that  specifies  the signature file to use when posting, following up to or
           replying to an article. If the path is a directory then the signature will be randomly
           generated  from files that are in the specified directory. If the path starts with a !
           the program the path points to will be executed to generate a signature. In  order  to
           pass  the group name to the program, %G can be specified. This will be replaced by the
           name of the current  newsgroup.  --none  will  suppress  any  signature.   Default  is
           ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.Sig.

       Add signature when reposting (signature_repost)
           If ON add signature to reposted articles. Default is ON.

       Regex used to highlight /slashes/ (slashes_regex)
           A  regular  expression  that will be applied when reading articles. All matching words
           are shown in col_markslash or mono_markslash. If slashes_regex is blank, then tin uses
           a built-in default.

       Sort articles by (sort_article_type)
           This  specifies  how  articles  should  be  sorted.  Sort by ascending Date (6) is the
           default. The following sort types are allowed:

            0  Nothing, don't sort articles.

            1  Subject: (descending), sort articles by ''Subject:'' field descending.

            2  Subject: (ascending), sort articles by ''Subject:'' field ascending.

            3  From: (descending), sort articles by ''From:'' field descending.

            4  From: (ascending), sort articles by ''From:'' field ascending.

            5  Date: (descending), sort articles by ''Date:'' field descending.

            6  Date: (ascending), sort articles by ''Date:'' field ascending (default).

            7  Score (descending), sort articles by filtering score descending.

            8  Score (ascending), sort articles by filtering score ascending.

            9  Lines: (descending), sort articles by ''Lines:'' field descending.

            10 Lines: (ascending), sort articles by ''Lines:'' field ascending.

       Sort threads by (sort_threads_type)
           This specifies how threads will be  sorted.  Sort  by  descending  Score  (1)  is  the
           default. The following sort types are allowed:

            0  Nothing, don't sort threads.

            1  Score (descending), sort threads by filtering score descending (default).

            2  Score (ascending), sort threads by filtering score ascending.

            3  Last posting date (descending), sort threads by date of last posting descending.

            4  Last posting date (ascending), sort threads by date of last posting ascending.

       Spamtrap warning address parts (spamtrap_warning_addresses)
           Set  this option to a list of comma-separated strings to be warned if you are replying
           to an article by mail where the e-mail address contains  one  of  these  strings.  The
           matching is case-insensitive. Example:

           spam,delete,remove

       Regex used to highlight *stars* (stars_regex)
           A  regular  expression  that will be applied when reading articles. All matching words
           are shown in col_markstar or mono_markstar. If stars_regex is blank, then tin  uses  a
           built-in default.

       Strip blanks of end of lines (strip_blanks)
           Strips  the  blanks  from  the end of each line therefore speeding up the display when
           reading on a slow terminal or via modem. Default is ON.

       Remove bogus groups from newsrc (strip_bogus)
           Bogus groups are groups that are present in your ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.newsrc  file
           that  no  longer  exist  on the news server. There are 3 options. 0 means do nothing &
           always keep bogus groups.  1 means bogus groups will be permanently removed.  2  means
           that  bogus  groups will appear on the Group Selection Menu, prefixed with a 'D'. This
           allows you to unsubscribe from them as and when you wish. Default is 0 (Always Keep).

       No unsubscribed groups in newsrc (strip_newsrc)
           If  ON,  then  unsubscribed   groups   will   be   permanently   removed   from   your
           ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.newsrc file. Default is OFF.

       Regex with Subject prefixes (strip_re_regex)
           A regular expression to find Subject prefixes like "Re:" to remove.  If strip_re_regex
           is blank, then tin(1) uses a built-in default.

       Regex with Subject suffixes (strip_was_regex)
           A  regular  expression  to  find  Subject  suffixes  like  "(was:"  to   remove.    If
           strip_was_regex is blank, then tin(1) uses a built-in default.

       Regex used to highlight -strokes- (strokes_regex)
           A  regular  expression  that will be applied when reading articles. All matching words
           are shown in col_markstroke or mono_markstroke.  If strokes_regex is blank,  then  tin
           uses a built-in default.

       Wrap around threads on next unread (wrap_on_next_unread)
           If  enabled a search for the next unread article will wrap around all articles to find
           also previous unread articles. If disabled the search stops at the end of  the  thread
           list. Default is ON.

       Display "a as Umlaut-a (tex2iso_conv)
           If  ON, show "a as Umlaut-a, etc. Default is OFF. This behavior can also be toggled in
           the article viewer via PageToggleTex2iso ('"').

       Thread articles by (thread_articles)
           Defines which threading method to use. It's possible to set the threading  type  on  a
           per  group  basis  by setting the group attribute variable thread_arts to 0 – 4 in the
           file ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin/attributes.  (See  also  "GROUP  ATTRIBUTES".)   The
           default is Both Subject and References.  The choices are:

            0  None, don't thread.

            1  Subject, thread on ''Subject:'' only.

            2  References, thread on ''References:'' only.

            3  Both   Subject   and  References,  thread  on  ''References:''  then  ''Subject:''
               (default).

            4  Multipart Subject, thread multipart articles on ''Subject:''.

            5  Percentage Match, thread base upon a partial character match on ''Subject:''.

       Catchup thread by using left key (thread_catchup_on_exit)
           If ON catchup group/thread when leaving with the left arrow key. Default is ON.

       Format string for the Thread level (thread_format)
           Format string tin uses for Thread level representation. See the  section  "CUSTOMIZING
           THE SCREEN FORMAT". Default is "%n %m  [%L]  %T  %F".

       Matchingness of a thread (thread_perc)
           How  closely the subjects must match for two threads to be considered part of the same
           thread. This is a percentage and the default if 75%.

       Score of a thread (thread_score)
           How the total score of a thread is computed. Default is 0, the maximum score  in  this
           thread.

            0  Max, the maximum score in this thread.

            1  Sum, the sum of all scores in this thread.

            2  Average, the average score in this thread.

       CA certificate file (tls_ca_cert_file)
           The   name   of  file  containing all trusted CA certificates used for NNTPS (RFC8143)
           connections. If left  empty  the system default will be used.

       Transliteration (translit)
           If  ON  append  //TRANSLIT  to  the  first  argument  of   iconv_open(3)   to   enable
           transliteration.  This means that when a character cannot be represented in the target
           character set, it can  be  approximated  through  one  or  several  similarly  looking
           characters.  On  systems  where this extension doesn't exist, this option is disabled.
           Default is OFF.

       How to treat blank lines (trim_article_body)
           Allows you to select how tin treats blank lines in article bodies.  Default is 0. This
           option does not affect lines within verbatim blocks.

            0  Don't trim article body, do nothing.

            1  Skip leading blank lines.

            2  Skip trailing blank lines.

            3  Skip leading and trailing blank l., skip leading and trailing blank lines.

            4  Compact  multiple  between  text, replace multiple blank lines between text blocks
               with one blank line.

            5  Compact multiple and skip leading, 4 + 1

            6  Compact multiple and skip trailing, 4 + 2

            7  Compact mltpl., skip lead. & trai., 4 + 3

       Suppress soft hyphens (suppress_soft_hyphens)
           If ON remove soft hyphens in non verbatim blocks of articles in UTF-8  when  they  are
           displayed in a UTF-8 locale. The character SOFT HYPHEN (U+00AD) is an invisible format
           character that merely indicates a preferred intraword line  break  position.  However,
           some  terminal emulators display a space or a hyphen, for example, in the place of the
           soft hyphen. This setting can be used  to  improve  the  display  of  those  articles.
           Default is OFF.

       Regex used to highlight _underline_ (underscores_regex)
           A  regular  expression  that will be applied when reading articles. All matching words
           are shown in col_markdash or mono_markdash. If underscores_regex is  blank,  then  tin
           uses a built-in default.

       Remove ~/.article after posting (unlink_article)
           If ON remove ~/.article after posting. Default is ON.

       Program that opens URLs (url_handler)
           The  program  that  will  be  run  when  launching  URLs  in  the article viewer using
           PageViewUrl ('U'). The actual URL will be appended.  Default is url_handler.pl.

       URL highlighting in message body (url_highlight)
           Enable highlighting URLs in message body. Default is ON.

       Use ANSI color (use_color)
           If enabled tin uses ANSI-colors. Default is OFF.

       Use scroll keys on keypad (use_keypad)
           Default is OFF.

       Use mouse in xterm (use_mouse)
           Allows the mouse button support in an xterm(1x) to be  enabled/disabled.   Default  is
           OFF.

       Use slrnface to show ''X-Face:''s (use_slrnface)
           If  enabled  tin uses slrnface(1) to interpret the ''X-Face:'' header. For this option
           to have any effect, tin must be running in an xterm(1x) and  slrnface(1)  must  be  in
           your $PATH. Default is OFF.

       Use UTF-8 graphics (utf8_graphics)
           If  ON  use UTF-8 characters for indicator ('->'), thread/attachment tree and ellipsis
           ('...'). Default is OFF.

       Regex for begin of a verbatim block (verbatim_begin_regex)
           A regular expression that tin will use to find the begin of a verbatim block.

       Regex for end of a verbatim block (verbatim_end_regex)
           A regular expression that tin will use to find the end of a verbatim block.

       Detection of verbatim blocks (verbatim_handling)
           If ON verbatim blocks will be detected. Default is ON.

       Wildcard matching (wildcard)
           Allows you to select how tin matches strings. The default is 0 and uses the wildmat(3)
           notation,  which is how this has traditionally been handled.  Setting this to 1 allows
           you to use perl(1) compatible  regular  expressions  pcre(3)  or  pcre2(3)  (see  also
           perlre(1)  and  pcrepattern(3)  or pcre2pattern(3)).  You will probably want to update
           your filter file if you use this  regularly.   NB:  Newsgroup  names  will  always  be
           matched using the wildmat(3) notation.

       What to display instead of mark (word_h_display_marks)
           Should  the  leading  and ending stars, slashes, strokes and dashes also be displayed,
           even when they are highlighting marks?

            0  no

            1  yes, display mark

            2  print a space instead

       Word highlighting in message body (word_highlight)
           Enable word highlighting. See  word_h_display_marks  for  the  options  available.  If
           use_color is enabled the colors specified in col_markdash, col_markslash, col_markstar
           and col_markstroke are used  for  word  highlighting  else  the  character  attributes
           specified  in  mono_markdash,  mono_markslash,  mono_markstar  and mono_markstroke are
           used. Default is ON.

       Page line wrap column (wrap_column)
           Sets the column at which a displayed article body should be wrapped.  If this value is
           equal  to  0,  it defaults to the current screen width.  If this value is greater than
           your current screen width the part off-screen is  not  displayed.  Thus  setting  this
           option to a large value can be used to disable wrapping. If this value is negative the
           wrap margin is the current screen width plus the given value (as long as the result is
           still  positive,  otherwise it will fall back to the current screen width). Default is
           0, wrapping at the current screen width.

       Quote line when crossposting (xpost_quote_format)
           Format is the same as  for  news_quote_format,  this  is  used  when  answering  to  a
           crossposting to several groups with no ''Followup-To:'' set.

   ATTRIBUTES MENU AND GROUP ATTRIBUTES
       tin  allows  certain  attributes  to be set on a per group basis. If it exists, the global
       attributes file, ${TIN_LIBDIR:-NEWSLIBDIR}/attributes is read. After that, the user's  own
       attributes  file  ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin/attributes  is read.  The global attributes
       file is useful for distributing system-wide defaults to new  users  who  have  no  private
       attributes file yet.

       Note  that  the  scope=<grouplist>  line  has  to  be  specified before the attributes are
       specified for that list. All attributes are set to a reasonable default so you  only  have
       to  specify  the  attribute that you want to change (e.g., savedir). All toggle attributes
       are set by specifying ON/OFF. Otherwise, these function exactly the same as  their  global
       equivalents. For more details see tin(5).

       Attributes  can  also  be  changed  from  the  attributes  menu  which  can be accessed by
       ConfigToggleAttrib ('<TAB>') from the options menu or ScopeSelect ('^J'  or  '<CR>')  from
       the  scopes menu.  The attributes menu looks and behaves very similar to the options menu.
       The title shows the current scope. Attributes set in the current scope are marked with '+'
       to the left of the attributes number.

       Besides  the  keys  for  moving around and changing values known from the options menu the
       attributes menu provides the following command: ConfigResetAttrib ('r')  which  resets  an
       attribute to a default value.

   SCOPES MENU
       The  scopes  menu  (accessible from the options menu with ConfigScopeMenu ('S')) shows all
       scopes read from the global and local attributes file.  Scopes from the global  attributes
       file  are  marked  with  '!'  to  the left of the scope number. Delete/rename/move are not
       possible with those scopes.

       In addition to the common moving keys the following commands  are  available:  ScopeSelect
       ('^J'  or '<CR>') enter the attributes menu for the current scope, ScopeEditAttributesFile
       ('E') edit the local attributes file, ScopeAdd ('a') add a new  scope,  ScopeDelete  ('d')
       delete  the  current  scope,  ScopeMove  ('m')  move  the current scope to a new position,
       ScopeRename ('r') rename the current scope. ToggleHelpDisplay ('H') toggles the help  mini
       menu  at  the  bottom  of  the  screen  and  posting  etiquette after composing an article
       (beginner_level).

   FILTERING ARTICLES
       When there is a subject or an author which you are either  very  interested  in,  or  find
       completely uninteresting, you can easily instruct tin to auto-select or auto-kill articles
       that match rules that you specify. This can be anything from the name of the author to the
       number of lines in an article.

       When  tin  starts  up  the  user's kill-file ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin/filter (see also
       tin(5)) is read. Each time a newsgroup is entered  the  rules  are  applied  and  articles
       killed or selected when they meet certain criteria.

       The  degree  to which rules are applied depend on the kill_level tinrc setting. By default
       killed  articles  will  only  be  marked  read.  Adjust  kill_level  for  more  aggressive
       processing. Articles that match an auto-selection rule are marked with a ''*''.

       Filtering  rules  can  be  manually  entered into ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin/filter (but
       don't do this whilst running tin else you will lose your changes) or by using an on-screen
       menu within tin.

       The  filtering capabilities of tin have been significantly enhanced over previous versions
       to include scoring and better pattern matching. It is recommended that you read  the  file
       filtering in the tin documentation directory. This file can also be read online at
       <http://www.tin.org/filtering.txt>.

       The   on-screen   filtering   menu  is  accessed  by  pressing  MenuFilterKill  ('^K')  or
       MenuFilterSelect ('^A') at the Group and Article levels. It allows the  user  to  kill  or
       select  an  article that matches the current ''Subject:'' line, ''From:'' line or a string
       entered by the user. The user entered  string  can  be  applied  to  the  ''Subject:''  or
       ''From:'' line of an article. The filter can be limited to the current newsgroup or it can
       apply to all newsgroups. Once entered the user can abort the command and not save the  new
       filter, edit the full filter file or save filter.

   POSTING ARTICLES
       tin  allows  posting of articles, follow-up to already posted articles and replying direct
       through mail to the author of an article.

       Use the Post ('w') command to post an article to a newsgroup.   After  entering  the  post
       subject the default editor (i.e., vi(1)) or the editor specified by the $VISUAL or $EDITOR
       environment variable will be started and the article can be entered. To crosspost articles
       simply add a comma and the name of the newsgroup(s) to the end of the ''Newsgroups:'' line
       at the beginning of the article. After saving and exiting the editor you are asked if  you
       wish  to  a)bort  posting the article, e)dit the article again or p)ost the article to the
       specified newsgroup(s).

       Use the DisplayPostHist ('W') command to display  a  history  of  the  articles  you  have
       posted.  The  date  the article was posted, which newsgroups the article was posted to and
       the articles subject line are displayed. See the section  "POSTING  HISTORY  LISTING"  for
       more information.

       Use  the  PageFollowupQuote  ('f'),  PageFollowup ('F') or PageFollowupQuoteHeaders ('^W')
       command to post a follow-up article to an already posted  article.  The  PageFollowupQuote
       command   will   copy   the   text   of   the   original  article  into  the  editor.  The
       PageFollowupQuoteHeaders command will copy the  text  and  all  headers  of  the  original
       article into the editor. The editing procedure is the same as when posting an article with
       the Post ('w') command.

       Use the PageReplyQuote ('r'), PageReply ('R') or PageReplyQuoteHeaders ('^E')  command  to
       reply  direct  through mail to the author of an already posted article. The PageReplyQuote
       command  will  copy  the  text  of   the   original   article   into   the   editor.   The
       PageReplyQuoteHeaders  command  will copy the text and all headers of the original article
       into the editor. The editing procedure is the same as when posting  an  article  with  the
       Post ('w') command. After saving and exiting the editor you are asked if you wish to abort
       sending the article via PostAbort ('a'), edit the article again via PostEdit ('e') or send
       the article to the author via PostSend ('s').

   CUSTOMIZING THE ARTICLE QUOTE STRING
       When  posting  a followup to an article or replying direct to the author of an article via
       email the text of the article can be quoted. The beginning of the quoted text can  contain
       information  about  the  quoted article (e.g., Name and the Message-ID of the article). To
       allow for different situations certain information from the article can  be  used  in  the
       quoted  string.  The  following  variables  are  expanded  if found in the tinrc variables
       mail_quote_format, news_quote_format or xpost_quote_format:
              %A  Address (Email)
              %D  Date (uses date_format)
              %F  Full address (%N <%A>)
              %G  Groupname
              %M  Message-ID
              %N  Fullname of author
              %C  Firstname of author
              %I  Initials of author
       e.g.,
              mail_quote_format=On %D in %G you wrote:
              news_quote_format=In %M, %F wrote:
       would expand to:
              On 21 Sep 1993 09:45:51 -0400 in alt.sources you wrote:
              In <abcINN123@example.org>, Joe Bar <joe@example.org> wrote:
       The quoted text section of an article is  marked  by  a  preceding  quote  string  at  the
       beginning of each quoted line. The default quote string is set to '>_'. The default can be
       changed by setting the tinrc variable quote_chars to ones own preference. (Note  that  '_'
       underline is used to represent a space).

   MAILING PIPING PRINTING REPOSTING AND SAVING ARTICLES
       The  command  interface  to GroupMail, PageMail, PostMail or ThreadMail ('m'), Pipe ('|'),
       Print ('o'), PageRepost or GroupRepost ('x') and GroupSave, PageSave  or  ThreadSave  ('s'
       and  GroupAutoSave,  PageAutoSave  or ThreadAutoSave 'S') articles is the same for ease of
       use.

       Auto-saving with *AutoSave ('S') is a special case and operates only on  marked  articles.
       They will processed without any further prompting according to the default save parameters
       defined in tinrc or by any attributes set for the current group.

       Otherwise, the initial prompt will ask you to select which  article,  thread,  hot  (auto-
       selected), regular expression pattern, tagged articles you wish to mail, pipe etc.

       Tagged  articles  must  have  already  been  tagged  with a *Tag ('t') command. All tagged
       articles can be untagged by a *Untag ('U') untag command.

       If a regular expression pattern is selected you are asked to enter  a  pattern  (e.g.,  to
       match all articles subject lines containing 'net News' you enter "net News"). Any articles
       that match the entered expression will be mailed, piped etc. See also the  wildcard  tinrc
       variable for advanced pattern matching options.

       Various  expansion  characters are recognized when entering the directory and file to save
       to. Environment variables (prefixed with '$') and user home directories (prefixed  by  '~'
       or  '~username')  can  be  specified.   Environment variables can themselves contain other
       special characters.

       To save articles to a mailbox enter '=<mailbox name>' when asked for the save filename. If
       you  enter  just '=' then articles will be saved to a mailbox with the name of the current
       newsgroup (eg, alt.sources).  See maildir.

       To save in savedir/<news.group.name>/<filename> format enter '+<filename>'.  See  savedir.
       Like '+' %G is expanded to the current news.group.name but without savedir prefixed. %P is
       expanded to the news.group.name with all '.' replaced by '/'.

       If saving multiple files at once the filename (if not referring  to  a  mailbox)  will  be
       extended  by ".num" where "num" is at least 3 digit number counting up from 1. Environment
       variables are allowed within a filename (e.g., $SOURCES/dir/filename).

       When saving articles you can specify whether the saved files should be post  processed.  A
       default process type can be set via post_process_type.

   AUTOMATIC MAILING AND SAVING NEW NEWS
       tin  allows  new/unread  news  articles  to  be mailed (''-M'' and ''-N'' option) or saved
       (''-S'' option) in batch mode for later reading. Useful when  going  on  holiday  and  you
       don't  want  to  return  and find that expire has removed a whole load of unread articles.
       Best to run via cron(8) everyday while away, after which you will be mailed  a  report  of
       which  articles  were  mailed/saved from which newsgroups and the total number of articles
       mailed/saved. Articles are saved in a private news structure under your savedir  directory
       (default  is ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/News).  Be careful of using this option if you read a
       lot of groups because you could overflow your file system.

       When using ''-S'' together with a given directory to save to  (''-s''  option),  the  same
       directory must be specified when reading the articles by ''-R''.

       If  you only want to save some of your groups use the batch_save tinrc variable. Set to ON
       or OFF in tinrc to enable/disable saving  of  all  groups  and  then  use  the  batch_save
       attribute  to  fine  tune which groups you want to have saved. For example, if you want to
       save most of your groups, then set batch_save to ON in tinrc and selectively turn off  the
       ones you don't want using attributes.

       tin -M iain -c -f newsrc.mail
                           (mail  any unread articles in newsgroups specified in file newsrc.mail
                           to the local user iain and mark them as read)

       tin -S -c -f newsrc.save
                           (save any unread articles in newsgroups specified in file  newsrc.save
                           and mark them as read)

       tin -R              (read any articles saved by tin -S)

   RANGES
       A  range  is  simply  a  group  of  items marked using the SetRange ('#') key. Certain tin
       commands will operate on a range if one exists rather than just the current item. A  range
       is an expression of the form <min>–<max>, e.g. 10–15 will highlight items 10 through 15 on
       the current screen. Other than absolute numeric positions, '.' can be used in place of the
       current  cursor  position  and  '$'  can  be  used  to  mean the highest number available.
       Currently  the  only  commands  that  understand  ranges   are   GroupMarkThdRead   ('K'),
       MarkArtUnread ('z') and MarkThdUnread ('Z').

   NEWSGROUP LISTS & WILDCARDS
       Several  places  in  tin allow you to specify a list of newsgroups. These include command-
       line groups, (un)subscribe groups, the AUTO[UN]SUBSCRIBE mechanism. The scope=  attributes
       file  tag  and  the  filter  file group= tag also use the same syntax. tin interprets this
       variable similarly to rn(1).  It contains a list of  patterns,  separated  by  commas  and
       possibly  prefixed  with exclamation points. An exclamation point negates the meaning of a
       match on this pattern, and can be used to  cancel  certain  matches.  See  wildmat(3)  for
       details about the understood patterns. Some examples:

       alt.config,news.*,!news.test

       Matches alt.config and everything in the 'news' hierarchy except news.test

       See  the  explanation  for  the  $AUTOSUBSCRIBE and $AUTOUNSUBSCRIBE variables for further
       examples.

   SIGNATURES
       tin  will  recognize  a  signature   in   either   ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.signature   or
       ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.Sig.   If  ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.signature  exists,  then  the
       signature will be  pulled  into  the  editor  for  mail  commands  only.  A  signature  in
       ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.signature will not be pulled into the editor for posting commands
       since inews(1) will append the signature itself.

       A signature in ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.Sig will  be  pulled  into  the  editor  for  both
       posting and mailing commands.

       The following is an example of a .Sig file:
              NAMES  Joe Bar <joe@example.org>
              SNAIL  Musterweg 12, 99999 Notreal, Germany

       tin  also  has the capability to generate random signatures on a per newsgroup basis if so
       desired. The way to accomplish this is to specify  the  default  signature  or  the  group
       attribute  sigfile  as a directory. If for example the sigfile path is /usr/iain/.sigs and
       .sigs is a directory then tin will select a random signature from any file that is in  the
       directory  .sigs  (note:  one  signature  per  numbered file). A random signature can also
       consist of a fixed part signature that can contain your name, address etc. followed by the
       random sig. The fixed part of the random sig is read from the file $HOME/.sigfixed.

   CUSTOMIZING THE SCREEN FORMAT
       The  look  of  the Selection, Group and Thread level can be customized via format strings.
       These format strings define the content and the position of each element  on  the  screen.
       Variables  are used within the format strings as placeholders. The following variables are
       available:

          %D    date
          %F    from, name and/or address
          %G    newsgroup name
          %I    initials
          %L    line count
          %M    message-id
          %R    number of responses in thread
          %S    score
          %T    thread tree
          %U    unread count
          %d    newsgroup description
          %f    newsgroup flag
          %m    article marks
          %n    current group/thread/article number
          %s    subject
          %%    %

       Not all variables can be used in each level. The following table provides an overview:

              select_format group_format thread_format
          %D                      X            X
          %F                      X            X
          %G        X
          %I                      X            X
          %L                      X            X
          %M                      X            X
          %R                      X
          %S                      X            X
          %T                                   X
          %U        X
          %d        X
          %f        X
          %m                      X            X
          %n        X             X            X
          %s                      X
          %%        X             X            X

       Defaults for the format strings:

          select_format: "%f %n %U  %G  %d"
          group_format:  "%n %m %R %L  %s  %F"
          thread_format: "%n %m  [%L]  %T  %F"

       show_description  controls  whether  the  newsgroup  description  is  shown  or  not.  The
       description can also be toggled with SelectToggleDescriptions ('d').

       The   information   displayed   with   '%F'   depends   on   the   value  of  show_author.
       GroupToggleSubjDisplay resp.  ThreadToggleSubjDisplay ('d') switches through all available
       options.

       For  date representation '%D' uses date_format. It is possible to specify a different date
       format in round brackets (e.g. '%(%d %b %y %H:%M)D'). See date_format for more details.

       The length of each item (except '%%') can be defined with a positive number after the '%'.
       The following example displays the score in the thread level 10 characters wide: '%10S'.

       If  the  newsgroup name is displayed together with the newsgroup description, the width of
       the newsgroup name can be controlled via an optional comma separated  second  value  (e.g.
       '%60,20G').  It  is  valid to omit the first value (e.g. ('%,20G')). If no second value is
       given, tin uses a default value of 32.

       Some variables do have a default width which  may  lead  to  truncation.   Truncation  for
       variables which contain only numbers happens by dividing the value with a sufficient power
       of ten and adding a SI suffix to the result, that is the variable holds a value  of  54321
       and  the  width  for  the variable is 4 the result will be "54 k". If that's undesired you
       have to specify a larger width manually, e.g. '%6n'. Here is an overview of the defaults:

          Variable  width
          %I         3
          %L         4
          %M        10
          %R         3
          %S         6
          %U         5
          %n         4

       If no length is given for '%D', the length is determined by the format string for the date
       and  the  date  of  the current day. If the date format string contains weekdays or months
       names it may happen that the date is longer than determined in the  first  pass.  In  this
       case, the date is truncated before display. This occurs, for example, if the current month
       is May and the article to which the date is displayed was  posted  in  December.  In  such
       cases  it  might useful to determine the maximum length manually and specify the length in
       the format string.

       In case the format string contains '%G' and '%d' and no length are given,  tin  determines
       the  longest  newsgroup  name and uses this length for '%G'. The remaining space will used
       for '%d'.

       When the format string contains the specifier '%F' and '%s' resp. '%T' and no  length  are
       given,  '%F'  will  use  one third and '%s' resp. '%T' will use two third of the available
       space.

       In addition, a minimum screen width can be defined for each item (except  '%%').  In  this
       case,  the item will only be displayed when the screen is wider than specified. This comes
       in handy to not overload a small screen but have maximum information on  a  large  screen.
       The  minimum  screen width has to be specified by a positive number preceded by an '>'. In
       the following example tin will display the score only if the  screen  is  wider  than  100
       characters: '%>100S'.

       If  both  the  length  and  the  minimum screen width should be specified for an item, the
       length must be the first parameter and the minimum screen width must be  the  second  one.
       The following example displays the score with a length of 10 characters only if the screen
       is wider than 100 characters: '%10>100S'.

   TIPS AND TRICKS
       tin can be pretty much be navigated by using the four cursor keys.   The  left  arrow  key
       goes  up  a  level, the right arrow key goes down a level, the up arrow key goes up a line
       and the down arrow key goes down a line.

       The following newsgroups provide useful information concerning news software:
           —news.software.readers (info. about news user agents tin, rn, nn, slrn etc.)
           —news.software.nntp (info. about NNTP)
           —news.answers (Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) about many different themes)

       Many prompts within tin offer a default choice  that  the  cursor  is  positioned  on.  By
       pressing  '<CR>'  the  default  value  is  taken.  Most prompts can be aborted by pressing
       '<ESC>'.

       When tin is run in an xterm(1x) it will resize itself each time the xterm(1x) is resized.

       tin will reread  the  ${TIN_LIBDIR:-NEWSLIBDIR}"/"${TIN_ACTIVEFILE:-active}  file  at  set
       intervals (reread_active_file_secs) to show any newly arrived news.

       If  you  find  large  number  of  new  newsgroups  cluttering  up  your  screen,  pressing
       SelectToggleReadDisplay ('r') will make them go away.

   XTERM BUTTONS
       If the environment variable $TERM is set to xterm(1x), then button pressing can be used to
       select  groups  and  articles.  In this discussion, the buttons are assumed to be assigned
       conventionally (i.e., Button1 is the left button).

       In general (i.e., for the group, thread and article menus),

       Button1 (left)
                 enters next (lower) level if you click on an article, otherwise pages down.

       Button2 (center)
                 returns to the previous (upper) level if you  click  on  an  article,  otherwise
                 pages up.

       Button3 (right)
                 positions  on  the  article  line  under  mouse  cursor, or pages down if you've
                 clicked outside the list of articles.

       In the group selection menu, if the mouse is pointing at a group then:

       left button
                 moves to and selects the group pointed at, just like SelectReadGrp ('<CR>').

       center button
                 quits the program, just like Quit ('q').

       right button
                 moves to the group pointed at.

       In the article menu, if the mouse is pointing at an article (or thread) then:

       left button
                 reads the article pointed at,  just  like  GroupReadBasenote  ('<CR>'),  or  the
                 thread, just like GroupListThd ('l').

       center button
                 exits  the  menu, catching up on the group if you have group_catchup_on_exit set
                 in your configuration, just like Quit ('q').

       right button
                 moves to the article (or thread) pointed at.

       In the thread menu, if the mouse is pointing at an article then:

       left button
                 reads article pointed at, just like ThreadReadArt ('<CR>').

       center button
                 exits the menu, catching up on the thread if you have thread_catchup_on_exit set
                 in your configuration, just like Quit ('q').

       right button
                 moves to the article pointed at.

       In other menus and areas button pressing reverts back to usual cut and paste of xterm(1x),
       but after one click of any button.

   INDEX FILES
       If  your  news  server  supports  NOV  index  files  (see  newsoverview(5),  most   modern
       installations  will)  and you have a fast connection to your news server then this section
       can be ignored.

       If your news server doesn't support NOV index files or you have a very slow connection  to
       your  news  server then tin can cache the index for each newsgroup if cache_overview_files
       is set to ON.  Note that this cache can use up large amounts of disk space if you  read  a
       lot of groups and/or high traffic groups.

       Each    user    creates/updates   his/her   own   index   files   that   are   stored   in
       ${TIN_INDEX_NEWSDIR:-"${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin"}/.news/. If you are reading  via  NNTP
       then  the  news  server  name  will  be appended to keep the indexes for different servers
       separate. If you are reading off the local spool and local overview  files  already  exist
       then  turning  on  caching will have no effect. Likewise unless you see significant delays
       entering a group when reading via NNTP then turning on caching  will  have  little  or  no
       effect.

       Entering a group the first time tends to be slow because the index file must be built from
       scratch. To alleviate the slowness start tin to create all index files for the groups  you
       subscribe  to with tin -u -v and go for a coffee. Subsequent readings of a group will only
       need to do incremental updating of the index file and will be  much  faster  as  only  new
       articles will need to be cached.

       As  indexing  might take some time you may want to run tin from the system batcher cron(8)
       with the ''-u'' option:

              30 6 * * * /usr/local/bin/tin -u

       If you are low on local disk space you should consider to manually purge cached  data  for
       groups you are not reading anymore with something like:

              find ${TIN_INDEX_NEWSDIR:-"${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin"}/.news* \
              -type f -name "[0-9]*.[0-9]" -atime +28 | xargs rm -f

FILES

       For a detailed description see tin(5).

       $MAILCAPS
       ~/.mailcap
       /etc/mailcap
       /usr/etc/mailcap
       /usr/local/etc/mailcap
       /etc/mail/mailcap

       /etc/news/server

       ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.cancelsecret

       ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.mime.types
       /etc/mime.types
       /etc/tin/mime.types

       ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.newsauth

       ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.newsrc

       ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin/$NNTPSERVER${NNTPPORT:+":$NNTPPORT"}/.oldnewsrc

       ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.signature
       ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.Sig

       ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.sigfixed

       ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin/.inputhistory

       ${TIN_INDEX_MAILDIR:-"${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin"}/.mail/

       ${TIN_INDEX_NEWSDIR:-"${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin"}/.news${NNTPSERVER:+"-$NNTPSERVER"}/

       ${TIN_INDEX_SAVEDIR:-"${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin"}/.save/

       ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin/active.mail

       ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin/active.save

       /etc/tin/attributes
       ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin/attributes

       ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin/filter

       ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin/keymap${${LC_ALL:-"${LC_CTYPE:-"${LC_MESSAGES:-"$LANG"}"}"}:+".${LC_ALL:-"${LC_CTYPE:-"${LC_MESSAGES:-"$LANG"}"}"}"}
       /etc/tin/keymap${${LC_ALL:-"${LC_CTYPE:-"${LC_MESSAGES:-"$LANG"}"}"}:+".${LC_ALL:-"${LC_CTYPE:-"${LC_MESSAGES:-"$LANG"}"}"}"}

       ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin/mailgroups

       ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin/newsrctable

       ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin/posted

       ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/Mail/posted

       ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin/postponed.articles

       ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin/$NNTPSERVER${NNTPPORT:+":$NNTPPORT"}/newsgroups

       ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin/$NNTPSERVER${NNTPPORT:+":$NNTPPORT"}/serverrc

       ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin/$NNTPSERVER${NNTPPORT:+":$NNTPPORT"}/msglog

       /etc/tin/tinrc
       ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin/tinrc

       /etc/tin/tin.defaults

       /usr/local/share/locale/${LC_MESSAGES}/LC_MESSAGES/tin.mo

       ${TIN_LIBDIR:-NEWSLIBDIR}"/"${TIN_ACTIVEFILE:-active}

       ${TIN_LIBDIR:-NEWSLIBDIR}/active.times

       ${TIN_LIBDIR:-NEWSLIBDIR}/newsgroups

       ${TIN_LIBDIR:-NEWSLIBDIR}/organization

       ${TIN_LIBDIR:-NEWSLIBDIR}/overview.fmt

       ${TIN_LIBDIR:-NEWSLIBDIR}/subscriptions

ENVIRONMENT

       TINRC  Define this variable if you want to specify command-line options that tin should be
              started with to save typing them each time it  is  started.  The  contents  of  the
              environment  variable  are added to the front of the command-line options before it
              is parsed therefore allowing an option specified on the  command-line  to  override
              the same option specified in the environment.

       TIN_HOMEDIR
              Define  this variable if you do not want the .tin directory in $HOME/. E.g., if you
              want all tin's private files in /tmp/.tin you would set $TIN_HOMEDIR to /tmp.

       TIN_INDEX_NEWSDIR
              Define  this   variable   if   you   do   not   want   the   .news   directory   in
              ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin/.  E.g.,  if  you  want  all tin's news index files in
              /tmp/.news you would set $TIN_INDEX_NEWSDIR to /tmp.

       TIN_INDEX_MAILDIR
              Define  this   variable   if   you   do   not   want   the   .mail   directory   in
              ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin/.  E.g.,  if  you  want  all tin's mail index files in
              /tmp/.mail you would set $TIN_INDEX_MAILDIR to /tmp.

       TIN_INDEX_SAVEDIR
              Define  this   variable   if   you   do   not   want   the   .save   directory   in
              ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.tin/.  E.g.,  if  you  want  all tin's save index files in
              /tmp/.save you would set $TIN_INDEX_SAVEDIR to /tmp.

       TIN_LIBDIR
              Define this variable if you want to override the NEWSLIBDIR path that was  compiled
              into  the  tin  binary,  default  is /usr/lib/news.  If tin is running in NNTP mode
              setting this variable has no effect.

       TIN_SPOOLDIR
              Define this variable if you want to override the SPOOLDIR path  that  was  compiled
              into  the  tin  binary, default is /var/spool/news.  If tin is running in NNTP mode
              setting this variable has no effect.

       TIN_NOVROOTDIR
              Define this variable if you want to override the NOVROOTDIR path that was  compiled
              into  the  tin  binary,  default is SPOOLDIR (see above). If tin is running in NNTP
              mode setting this variable has no effect.

       TIN_NOVFILENAME
              Define this variable if you want to override the OVERVIEW_FILE  filename  that  was
              compiled  into the tin binary, default is .overview. If tin is running in NNTP mode
              setting this variable has no effect.

       TIN_ACTIVEFILE
              Define this variable if you want to override the NEWSLIBDIR/active  path  that  was
              compiled  into the tin binary. If tin is running in NNTP mode setting this variable
              has no effect. If $TIN_LIBDIR is set it is prepended to $TIN_ACTIVEFILE.

       NNTPSERVER
              The default NNTP server to remotely read news from. This variable only needs to  be
              set  if  the  ''-r'' command-line option is specified and the file /etc/news/server
              does not exist. The ''-g'' command line option overrides $NNTPSERVER.

       NNTPPORT
              The NNTP TCP-port to read news from. This variable only needs to be set if the TCP-
              port  is  not  119  (the  default).  The  ''-p'' and ''-T'' command-line options do
              override $NNTPPORT.

       DISTRIBUTION
              Set the article header field ''Distribution:'' to  the  contents  of  the  variable
              instead of the system default.

       ISO2ASC
              Set the ISO to ASCII charset decoding table character to use in decoding an article
              text. Values can range from -1 to 6.

            -1     no conversion

            0      universal table for many languages

            1      single-spacing universal table

            2      table for Danish, Dutch, German, Norwegian and Swedish

            3      table for Danish, Finnish, Norwegian and Swedish using the appropriate ISO 646
                   variant

            4      table with RFC1345 codes in brackets

            5      table for printers that allow overstriking with backspace

            6      table for IBM PC character set (code page 437)

       ORGANIZATION
              Set  the  article  header  field  ''Organization:'' to the contents of the variable
              instead of the system default. If it points to a readable file a random  line  from
              that  file  will  be  used.If  reading  news  on  an  Apollo  DomainOS  machine the
              environment variable $NEWSORG has to be used instead of $ORGANIZATION.

       NEWSORG (DomainOS)
              DomainOS specific, same as $ORGANIZATION on other OSs (see above).

       REPLYTO
              Set the article header field ''Reply-To:'' to the return address specified  by  the
              variable. This is useful if you wish to receive replies at a different address.

       NAME   Overrides  the  full  name  given  in  the  gecos-field  in  /etc/passwd,  see also
              mail_address.

       REALNAME
              Same as $NAME.

       HOME   Pathname of the user's home directory. See environ(5) for more info.

       MAILER This variable has precedence over the default mailer that is used  in  all  mailing
              operations within tin.

       MAIL   Full path to the user's mailbox.

       VISUAL This  variable has precedence over the default editor (i.e., vi(1)) that is used in
              all editing operations within  tin  (e.g.,  posting,  replying,  follow-ups,  ...).
              Evaluation order is ${VISUAL:-"${EDITOR:-vi}"}. See environ(5) for more info.

       EDITOR If  $VISUAL  is  unset,  then  this  variable is looked up for a default editor. If
              $EDITOR and $VISUAL are both unset, tin  uses  the  systems  default  editor  (i.e.
              vi(1) on UNIX-systems). See environ(5) for more info.

       AUTOSUBSCRIBE
              A  new group is checked against the list of patterns; if it matches, tin subscribes
              the user to the group without further query.  See the section  "NEWSGROUP  LISTS  &
              WILDCARDS" for an explanation of the valid syntax. For example, setting

              AUTOSUBSCRIBE=comp.os.unix.*,talk.*,!talk.politics.*

              will  automatically  subscribe  the  user  to  all  new  groups in the comp.os.unix
              hierarchy, and all talk groups other  than  talk.politics  groups  (which  will  be
              queried  for  as  usual).  Of  course this does not work if tin is started with the
              ''-X'' command-line switch.

       AUTOUNSUBSCRIBE
              Is handled like the $AUTOSUBSCRIBE variable,  but  groups  matching  the  list  are
              unsubscribed from without further query. For example, setting

              AUTOUNSUBSCRIBE=alt.flame.*,u*,!uk.*

              will  automatically  unsubscribe  the  user  from  all new alt.flame groups and all
              groups starting with u (university groups) other than  UK  groups  (which  will  be
              queried for as usual).

       TMPDIR A pathname of a directory made available for tin to create temporary files.

       MAILCAPS
              This variable can be used to override the default path search for mailcap(5) files.
              See also tin(5).

       NOMETAMAIL
              Set this variable to  disable  the  use  of  metamail(1)  or  a  replacement  (e.g.
              metamutt).

       MM_CHARSET
              MIME character set used if not configured via the tinrc variable mm_charset.

       ISPELL Set this variable to point to ispell(1) or a replacement and its cmd-line options.

       PGPOPTS
              Define  any  additional  options  that  you  wish  to pass to your pgp(1) or gpg(1)
              program.

       PGPPATH
              Override the name of the pgp(1) directory in $HOME that holds your keys etc..

       GNUPGHOME
              Override the name of the gpg(1) directory in $HOME that holds your keys etc..

       LC_CTYPE
              This variable determines the locale(5) category for character  handling  functions.
              Usually  it  determines  the  character  classes  for  pattern  matching  character
              classification and case conversion. Currently this  is  not  true  for  tin  (which
              temporary unsets $LC_CTYPE right before any match is done to avoid confusion).  Its
              value  should  be  of  the  form   language[_territory][.codeset][@modifier].   See
              environ(5) for more information.

       LC_MESSAGES
              Formats  of  informative  and  diagnostic  messages and interactive responses.  Its
              value  should  be  of  the  form   language[_territory][.codeset][@modifier].   See
              locale(5) and environ(5) for more information.

       LC_TIME
              Date    and    time    formats.    Its    value    should    be    of    the   form
              language[_territory][.codeset][@modifier]. See locale(5) and  environ(5)  for  more
              information.

       LC_ALL This  variable  overrides  the  value  of  the  $LANG  variable  and any other $LC_
              variable. Its value should  be  of  the  form  language[_territory][.codeset].  See
              locale(5) and environ(5) for more information.

       LANG   This  variable  determines the locale(5) category for any category not specifically
              selected with a variable starting with $LC_.  Its  value  should  be  of  the  form
              language[_territory][.codeset]. See environ(5) for more information.

       LANGUAGE
              This  variable  defines a priority list for translations. Whenever a translation is
              not available in the language selected via $LC_ALL or $LANG the next language  from
              the  list  is  tried. Its value should be of the form language:language[:language].
              See environ(5) for more information.

       COLUMNS
              A decimal integer > 0 used  to  indicate  the  user's  preferred  width  in  column
              positions for the terminal screen or window. If this variable is unset or null, the
              implementation determines the number of columns, appropriate for  the  terminal  or
              window.  When $COLUMNS is set, any terminal-width information implied by $TERM will
              be overridden. Users and portable applications should not set $COLUMNS unless  they
              wish  to override the system selection and produce output unrelated to the terminal
              characteristics.

       LINES  A decimal integer > 0 used to indicate the user's preferred number of  lines  on  a
              page  or  the  vertical  screen  or  window size in lines. A line in this case is a
              vertical measure large enough to hold the tallest character in  the  character  set
              being  displayed.  If this variable is unset or null, the implementation determines
              the number of lines, appropriate for the terminal or window. When  $LINES  is  set,
              any  terminal-height  information  implied  by  $TERM will be overridden. Users and
              portable applications should not set $LINES unless they wish to override the system
              selection.

       TERM   The  type  of terminal in use. This is used when looking up termcap sequences.  See
              environ(5) for more information.

       DISPLAY
              Display name, pointing to the X server; required for xface.

       WINDOWID
              Used for determining terminal's X window id; required for xface. Should be  set  by
              the terminal emulator.

       SHELL  The pathname of the user's login shell. Used to set default_shell_command.

       XDG_RUNTIME_DIR
              The pathname of the user's dir to put non-essential run time files into.

SIGNALS

       tin handles a couple of signals:

       SIGHUP Terminate gracefully.

       SIGTERM
              Terminate gracefully.

       SIGUSR1
              Terminate gracefully but do not restore terminal (tty).

       SIGUSR2
              Write out ${TIN_HOMEDIR:-"$HOME"}/.newsrc-file.

SECURITY

       If  tin is started in debug mode (''-D n'') it will create world readable files in $TMPDIR
       which may contain sensitive data like the users NNTP password  in  cleartext  (if  running
       verbose).  On  multiuser-systems  $TMPDIR should be set to a safe location before starting
       tin in (verbose) debug mode (e.g. TMPDIR=$HOME tin -vD 1).

       Using the ''-k'' option to skip certificate verification makes the session insecure as the
       server's certificate is not checked; avoid this option whenever possible.

       If  the  server  does  not  initially  require authentication but supports compression and
       compression is requested, tin will exit when authentication is required  later  on.  Using
       the ''-A'' command line option in conjunction with ''-C'' circumvents this behavior.

CONFORMING TO

       tin  does  conform  to  the  Base  Definitions volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2008, Section 12,
       Utility Conventions (Utility Argument Syntax, Utility Syntax Guidelines).

NOTES

       Regular expression support is provided by the PCRE library  package  pcre(3)  or  pcre2(3)
       which  is open source software, written by Philip Hazel, and copyright © by the University
       of Cambridge, England.
       <https://www.pcre.org/>

BUGS

       CNews NNTPd, noffle(1) (<= V1.0-pre5) and NewsCache (<= V1.1.91)  can't  handle  pipelined
       GROUP  commands  (RFC3977).   If you run into trouble with any of the mentioned historical
       servers define DISABLE_PIPELINING in include/autoconf.h and recompile.

       Using the ''-C'' (COMPRESS) flag with INN nnrpd versions between  2.6.1  and  2.7.1  (both
       incl.)  may  cause  tin  to  hang  and  later timeout when posting. This has been fixed in
       INN nnrpd version 2.7.2. As a workaround simply don't use ''-C''.

       Before mailing a bug-report to <tin-bugs@tin.org> please check if you are using the latest
       (stable)  release,  and if not, please upgrade first! Have a look at the doc/TODO file for
       known bugs. If you still think you've found a bug, please use the BugReport ('R') function
       and  write  in  English.  Please  do  NOT  enclose a core-file in your bug-report until we
       request it.

HISTORY

       tin is based on the tass(1) newsreader that was developed by Rich Skrenta  and  posted  to
       alt.sources  in  March  1991; its first version was released on August 23rd 1991.  tass(1)
       itself was heavily influenced by notesfiles a public domain UNIX version of  PLATO  Notes,
       developed  at  the  University  of  Illinois  by Ray Essick and Rob Kolstad in 1982. For a
       version overview see
       <http://www.tin.org/history.html>.

CREDITS

       Rich Skrenta
              author of tass(1) v3.2 which this newsreader used as its base.

       Bill Davidsen
              author of envarg.c environment variable reading routine.

       Mike Gleason
              author of sigfile.c random signature generation routines.

       Markus Kuhn <Markus.Kuhn@cl.cam.ac.uk>
              author of langinfo.c, charset.c and iso2asc.txt ISO-8859-1 documentation.

       Arnold Robbins
              author of strftime.c date formatting routine.

       Rich Salz
              author of wildmat.c pattern matching and parsdate.y date parsing routines.

       Dave Taylor
              author of curses.c from the elm(1) mailreader.

       Chris Thewalt
              author of getline.c emacs(1) style editing routine.

       Steven Madsen
              for adding pgp(1) (Pretty Good Privacy) support.

       Philip Hazel <ph10@cam.ac.uk>
              for pcre(3), pcre2(3) (Perl-compatible regular expression library).

       Patrick Powell <papowell@astart.com>
              for snprintf(3) and vsnprintf(3) fallbacks.

AUTHOR

       Iain Lea <iain@bricbrac.de>

MAINTAINER

       Urs Janssen <urs@tin.org>

SEE ALSO

       elm(1), emacs(1),  gpg(1),  inews(1),  ispell(1),  lp(1),  lpr(1),  metamail(1),  mutt(1),
       noffle(1),  perl(1), perlre(1), pgp(1), rn(1), sendmail(1), shar(1), slrnface(1), tass(1),
       unshar(1),  uudecode(1),   vi(1),   xterm(1x),   heapsort(3),   iconv(3),   iconv_open(3),
       nl_langinfo(3), pcre(3), pcre2(3), pcrepattern(3), pcre2pattern(3), qsort(3), snprintf(3),
       strftime(3),  vsnprintf(3),  wildmat(3),  environ(5),  locale(5),   mailcap(5),   mbox(5),
       mmdf(5),  newsoverview(5),  tin(5),  cron(8), RFC1345, RFC1524, RFC2045, RFC2046, RFC2047,
       RFC2048, RFC2231, RFC2980, RFC3156, RFC3977, RFC4155, RFC4643, RFC4880, RFC5322,  RFC5536,
       RFC5537, RFC6048, RFC8054, RFC8143