Provided by: tor_0.4.8.4-2_amd64 bug

NAME

       tor - The second-generation onion router

SYNOPSIS

       tor [OPTION value]...

DESCRIPTION

       Tor is a connection-oriented anonymizing communication service. Users choose a
       source-routed path through a set of nodes, and negotiate a "virtual circuit" through the
       network. Each node in a virtual circuit knows its predecessor and successor nodes, but no
       other nodes. Traffic flowing down the circuit is unwrapped by a symmetric key at each
       node, which reveals the downstream node.

       Basically, Tor provides a distributed network of servers or relays ("onion routers").
       Users bounce their TCP streams, including web traffic, ftp, ssh, etc., around the network,
       so that recipients, observers, and even the relays themselves have difficulty tracking the
       source of the stream.

           Note
           By default, tor acts as a client only. To help the network by providing bandwidth as a
           relay, change the ORPort configuration option as mentioned below. Please also consult
           the documentation on the Tor Project’s website.

COMMAND-LINE OPTIONS

       Tor has a powerful command-line interface. This section lists optional arguments you can
       specify at the command line using the tor command.

       Configuration options can be specified on the command line in the format --OptionName
       OptionValue, on the command line in the format OptionName OptionValue, or in a
       configuration file. For instance, you can tell Tor to start listening for SOCKS
       connections on port 9999 by passing either --SocksPort 9999 or SocksPort 9999 on the
       command line, or by specifying SocksPort 9999 in the configuration file. On the command
       line, quote option values that contain spaces. For instance, if you want Tor to log all
       debugging messages to debug.log, you must specify --Log "debug file debug.log".

           Note
           Configuration options on the command line override those in configuration files. See
           THE CONFIGURATION FILE FORMAT for more information.

       The following options in this section are only recognized on the tor command line, not in
       a configuration file.

       -h, --help
           Display a short help message and exit.

       -f, --torrc-file FILE
           Specify a new configuration file to contain further Tor configuration options, or pass
           - to make Tor read its configuration from standard input. (Default: /etc/tor/torrc, or
           $HOME/.torrc if that file is not found.)

       --allow-missing-torrc
           Allow the configuration file specified by -f to be missing, if the defaults-torrc file
           (see below) is accessible.

       --defaults-torrc FILE
           Specify a file in which to find default values for Tor options. The contents of this
           file are overridden by those in the regular configuration file, and by those on the
           command line. (Default: /etc/tor/torrc-defaults.)

       --ignore-missing-torrc
           Specify that Tor should treat a missing torrc file as though it were empty.
           Ordinarily, Tor does this for missing default torrc files, but not for those specified
           on the command line.

       --hash-password PASSWORD
           Generate a hashed password for control port access.

       --list-fingerprint [key type]
           Generate your keys and output your nickname and fingerprint. Optionally, you can
           specify the key type as rsa (default) or ed25519.

       --verify-config
           Verify whether the configuration file is valid.

       --dump-config short|full
           Write a list of Tor’s configured options to standard output. When the short flag is
           selected, only write the options that are different from their default values. When
           full is selected, write every option.

       --service install [--options command-line options]
           Install an instance of Tor as a Windows service, with the provided command-line
           options. Current instructions can be found at
           https://www.torproject.org/docs/faq#NTService

       --service remove|start|stop
           Remove, start, or stop a configured Tor Windows service.

       --nt-service
           Used internally to implement a Windows service.

       --list-torrc-options
           List all valid options.

       --list-deprecated-options
           List all valid options that are scheduled to become obsolete in a future version.
           (This is a warning, not a promise.)

       --list-modules
           List whether each optional module has been compiled into Tor. (Any module not listed
           is not optional in this version of Tor.)

       --version
           Display Tor version and exit. The output is a single line of the format "Tor version
           [version number]." (The version number format is as specified in version-spec.txt.)

       --quiet|--hush
           Override the default console logging behavior. By default, Tor starts out logging
           messages at level "notice" and higher to the console. It stops doing so after it
           parses its configuration, if the configuration tells it to log anywhere else. These
           options override the default console logging behavior. Use the --hush option if you
           want Tor to log only warnings and errors to the console, or use the --quiet option if
           you want Tor not to log to the console at all.

       --keygen [--newpass]
           Running tor --keygen creates a new ed25519 master identity key for a relay, or only a
           fresh temporary signing key and certificate, if you already have a master key.
           Optionally, you can encrypt the master identity key with a passphrase. When Tor asks
           you for a passphrase and you don’t want to encrypt the master key, just don’t enter
           any passphrase when asked.

           Use the --newpass option with --keygen only when you need to add, change, or remove a
           passphrase on an existing ed25519 master identity key. You will be prompted for the
           old passphrase (if any), and the new passphrase (if any).

               Note
               When generating a master key, you may want to use --DataDirectory to control where
               the keys and certificates will be stored, and --SigningKeyLifetime to control
               their lifetimes. See SERVER OPTIONS to learn more about the behavior of these
               options. You must have write access to the specified DataDirectory.
           To use the generated files, you must copy them to the DataDirectory/keys directory of
           your Tor daemon, and make sure that they are owned by the user actually running the
           Tor daemon on your system.

       --passphrase-fd FILEDES
           File descriptor to read the passphrase from. Note that unlike with the tor-gencert
           program, the entire file contents are read and used as the passphrase, including any
           trailing newlines. If the file descriptor is not specified, the passphrase is read
           from the terminal by default.

       --key-expiration [purpose] [--format iso8601|timestamp]
           The purpose specifies which type of key certificate to determine the expiration of.
           The only currently recognised purpose is "sign".

           Running tor --key-expiration sign will attempt to find your signing key certificate
           and will output, both in the logs as well as to stdout. The optional --format argument
           lets you specify the time format. Currently, iso8601 and timestamp are supported. If
           --format is not specified, the signing key certificate’s expiration time will be in
           ISO-8601 format. For example, the output sent to stdout will be of the form:
           "signing-cert-expiry: 2017-07-25 08:30:15 UTC". If --format timestamp is specified,
           the signing key certificate’s expiration time will be in Unix timestamp format. For
           example, the output sent to stdout will be of the form: "signing-cert-expiry:
           1500971415".

       --dbg-...
           Tor may support other options beginning with the string "dbg". These are intended for
           use by developers to debug and test Tor. They are not supported or guaranteed to be
           stable, and you should probably not use them.

THE CONFIGURATION FILE FORMAT

       All configuration options in a configuration are written on a single line by default. They
       take the form of an option name and a value, or an option name and a quoted value (option
       value or option "value"). Anything after a # character is treated as a comment. Options
       are case-insensitive. C-style escaped characters are allowed inside quoted values. To
       split one configuration entry into multiple lines, use a single backslash character (\)
       before the end of the line. Comments can be used in such multiline entries, but they must
       start at the beginning of a line.

       Configuration options can be imported from files or folders using the %include option with
       the value being a path. This path can have wildcards. Wildcards are expanded first, then
       sorted using lexical order. Then, for each matching file or folder, the following rules
       are followed: if the path is a file, the options from the file will be parsed as if they
       were written where the %include option is. If the path is a folder, all files on that
       folder will be parsed following lexical order. Files starting with a dot are ignored.
       Files in subfolders are ignored. The %include option can be used recursively. New
       configuration files or directories cannot be added to already running Tor instance if
       Sandbox is enabled.

       The supported wildcards are * meaning any number of characters including none and ?
       meaning exactly one character. These characters can be escaped by preceding them with a
       backslash, except on Windows. Files starting with a dot are not matched when expanding
       wildcards unless the starting dot is explicitly in the pattern, except on Windows.

       By default, an option on the command line overrides an option found in the configuration
       file, and an option in a configuration file overrides one in the defaults file.

       This rule is simple for options that take a single value, but it can become complicated
       for options that are allowed to occur more than once: if you specify four SocksPorts in
       your configuration file, and one more SocksPort on the command line, the option on the
       command line will replace all of the SocksPorts in the configuration file. If this isn’t
       what you want, prefix the option name with a plus sign (+), and it will be appended to the
       previous set of options instead. For example, setting SocksPort 9100 will use only port
       9100, but setting +SocksPort 9100 will use ports 9100 and 9050 (because this is the
       default).

       Alternatively, you might want to remove every instance of an option in the configuration
       file, and not replace it at all: you might want to say on the command line that you want
       no SocksPorts at all. To do that, prefix the option name with a forward slash (/). You can
       use the plus sign (+) and the forward slash (/) in the configuration file and on the
       command line.

GENERAL OPTIONS

       AccelDir DIR
           Specify this option if using dynamic hardware acceleration and the engine
           implementation library resides somewhere other than the OpenSSL default. Can not be
           changed while tor is running.

       AccelName NAME
           When using OpenSSL hardware crypto acceleration attempt to load the dynamic engine of
           this name. This must be used for any dynamic hardware engine. Names can be verified
           with the openssl engine command. Can not be changed while tor is running.

           If the engine name is prefixed with a "!", then Tor will exit if the engine cannot be
           loaded.

       AlternateBridgeAuthority [nickname] [flags] ipv4address:port  fingerprint,
       AlternateDirAuthority [nickname] [flags] ipv4address:port fingerprint
           These options behave as DirAuthority, but they replace fewer of the default directory
           authorities. Using AlternateDirAuthority replaces the default Tor directory
           authorities, but leaves the default bridge authorities in place. Similarly,
           AlternateBridgeAuthority replaces the default bridge authority, but leaves the
           directory authorities alone.

       AvoidDiskWrites 0|1
           If non-zero, try to write to disk less frequently than we would otherwise. This is
           useful when running on flash memory or other media that support only a limited number
           of writes. (Default: 0)

       BandwidthBurst N bytes|KBytes|MBytes|GBytes|TBytes|KBits|MBits|GBits|TBits
           Limit the maximum token bucket size (also known as the burst) to the given number of
           bytes in each direction. (Default: 1 GByte)

       BandwidthRate N bytes|KBytes|MBytes|GBytes|TBytes|KBits|MBits|GBits|TBits
           A token bucket limits the average incoming bandwidth usage on this node to the
           specified number of bytes per second, and the average outgoing bandwidth usage to that
           same value. If you want to run a relay in the public network, this needs to be at the
           very least 75 KBytes for a relay (that is, 600 kbits) or 50 KBytes for a bridge (400
           kbits) — but of course, more is better; we recommend at least 250 KBytes (2 mbits) if
           possible. (Default: 1 GByte)

           Note that this option, and other bandwidth-limiting options, apply to TCP data only:
           They do not count TCP headers or DNS traffic.

           Tor uses powers of two, not powers of ten, so 1 GByte is 1024*1024*1024 bytes as
           opposed to 1 billion bytes.

           With this option, and in other options that take arguments in bytes, KBytes, and so
           on, other formats are also supported. Notably, "KBytes" can also be written as
           "kilobytes" or "kb"; "MBytes" can be written as "megabytes" or "MB"; "kbits" can be
           written as "kilobits"; and so forth. Case doesn’t matter. Tor also accepts "byte" and
           "bit" in the singular. The prefixes "tera" and "T" are also recognized. If no units
           are given, we default to bytes. To avoid confusion, we recommend writing "bytes" or
           "bits" explicitly, since it’s easy to forget that "B" means bytes, not bits.

       CacheDirectory DIR
           Store cached directory data in DIR. Can not be changed while tor is running. (Default:
           uses the value of DataDirectory.)

       CacheDirectoryGroupReadable 0|1|auto
           If this option is set to 0, don’t allow the filesystem group to read the
           CacheDirectory. If the option is set to 1, make the CacheDirectory readable by the
           default GID. If the option is "auto", then we use the setting for
           DataDirectoryGroupReadable when the CacheDirectory is the same as the DataDirectory,
           and 0 otherwise. (Default: auto)

       CircuitPriorityHalflife NUM
           If this value is set, we override the default algorithm for choosing which circuit’s
           cell to deliver or relay next. It is delivered first to the circuit that has the
           lowest weighted cell count, where cells are weighted exponentially according to this
           value (in seconds). If the value is -1, it is taken from the consensus if possible
           else it will fallback to the default value of 30. Minimum: 1, Maximum: 2147483647.
           This can be defined as a float value. This is an advanced option; you generally
           shouldn’t have to mess with it. (Default: -1)

       ClientTransportPlugin transport socks4|socks5 IP:PORT, ClientTransportPlugin transport
       exec path-to-binary [options]
           In its first form, when set along with a corresponding Bridge line, the Tor client
           forwards its traffic to a SOCKS-speaking proxy on "IP:PORT". (IPv4 addresses should
           written as-is; IPv6 addresses should be wrapped in square brackets.) It’s the duty of
           that proxy to properly forward the traffic to the bridge.

           In its second form, when set along with a corresponding Bridge line, the Tor client
           launches the pluggable transport proxy executable in path-to-binary using options as
           its command-line options, and forwards its traffic to it. It’s the duty of that proxy
           to properly forward the traffic to the bridge. (Default: none)

       ConfluxEnabled 0|1|auto
           If this option is set to 1, general purpose traffic will use Conflux which is traffic
           splitting among multiple legs (circuits). Onion services are not supported at the
           moment. Default value is set to "auto" meaning the consensus is used to decide unless
           set. (Default: auto)

       ConfluxClientUX throughput|latency|throughput_lowmem|latency_lowmem
           This option configures the user experience that the client requests from the exit, for
           data that the exit sends to the client. The default is "throughput", which maximizes
           throughput. "Latency" will tell the exit to only use the circuit with lower latency
           for all data. The lowmem versions minimize queue usage memory at the client. (Default:
           "throughput")

       ConnLimit NUM
           The minimum number of file descriptors that must be available to the Tor process
           before it will start. Tor will ask the OS for as many file descriptors as the OS will
           allow (you can find this by "ulimit -H -n"). If this number is less than ConnLimit,
           then Tor will refuse to start.

           Tor relays need thousands of sockets, to connect to every other relay. If you are
           running a private bridge, you can reduce the number of sockets that Tor uses. For
           example, to limit Tor to 500 sockets, run "ulimit -n 500" in a shell. Then start tor
           in the same shell, with ConnLimit 500. You may also need to set DisableOOSCheck 0.

           Unless you have severely limited sockets, you probably don’t need to adjust ConnLimit
           itself. It has no effect on Windows, since that platform lacks getrlimit(). (Default:
           1000)

       ConstrainedSockets 0|1
           If set, Tor will tell the kernel to attempt to shrink the buffers for all sockets to
           the size specified in ConstrainedSockSize. This is useful for virtual servers and
           other environments where system level TCP buffers may be limited. If you’re on a
           virtual server, and you encounter the "Error creating network socket: No buffer space
           available" message, you are likely experiencing this problem.

           The preferred solution is to have the admin increase the buffer pool for the host
           itself via /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_mem or equivalent facility; this configuration
           option is a second-resort.

           The DirPort option should also not be used if TCP buffers are scarce. The cached
           directory requests consume additional sockets which exacerbates the problem.

           You should not enable this feature unless you encounter the "no buffer space
           available" issue. Reducing the TCP buffers affects window size for the TCP stream and
           will reduce throughput in proportion to round trip time on long paths. (Default: 0)

       ConstrainedSockSize N bytes|KBytes
           When ConstrainedSockets is enabled the receive and transmit buffers for all sockets
           will be set to this limit. Must be a value between 2048 and 262144, in 1024 byte
           increments. Default of 8192 is recommended.

       ControlPort [address:]port|unix:path|auto [flags]
           If set, Tor will accept connections on this port and allow those connections to
           control the Tor process using the Tor Control Protocol (described in control-spec.txt
           in torspec). Note: unless you also specify one or more of HashedControlPassword or
           CookieAuthentication, setting this option will cause Tor to allow any process on the
           local host to control it. (Setting both authentication methods means either method is
           sufficient to authenticate to Tor.) This option is required for many Tor controllers;
           most use the value of 9051. If a unix domain socket is used, you may quote the path
           using standard C escape sequences. You can specify this directive multiple times, to
           bind to multiple address/port pairs. Set it to "auto" to have Tor pick a port for you.
           (Default: 0)

           Recognized flags are:

           GroupWritable
               Unix domain sockets only: makes the socket get created as group-writable.

           WorldWritable
               Unix domain sockets only: makes the socket get created as world-writable.

           RelaxDirModeCheck
               Unix domain sockets only: Do not insist that the directory that holds the socket
               be read-restricted.

       ControlPortFileGroupReadable 0|1
           If this option is set to 0, don’t allow the filesystem group to read the control port
           file. If the option is set to 1, make the control port file readable by the default
           GID. (Default: 0)

       ControlPortWriteToFile Path
           If set, Tor writes the address and port of any control port it opens to this address.
           Usable by controllers to learn the actual control port when ControlPort is set to
           "auto".

       ControlSocket Path
           Like ControlPort, but listens on a Unix domain socket, rather than a TCP socket.  0
           disables ControlSocket. (Unix and Unix-like systems only.) (Default: 0)

       ControlSocketsGroupWritable 0|1
           If this option is set to 0, don’t allow the filesystem group to read and write unix
           sockets (e.g. ControlSocket). If the option is set to 1, make the control socket
           readable and writable by the default GID. (Default: 0)

       CookieAuthentication 0|1
           If this option is set to 1, allow connections on the control port when the connecting
           process knows the contents of a file named "control_auth_cookie", which Tor will
           create in its data directory. This authentication method should only be used on
           systems with good filesystem security. (Default: 0)

       CookieAuthFile Path
           If set, this option overrides the default location and file name for Tor’s cookie
           file. (See CookieAuthentication.)

       CookieAuthFileGroupReadable 0|1
           If this option is set to 0, don’t allow the filesystem group to read the cookie file.
           If the option is set to 1, make the cookie file readable by the default GID. [Making
           the file readable by other groups is not yet implemented; let us know if you need this
           for some reason.] (Default: 0)

       CountPrivateBandwidth 0|1
           If this option is set, then Tor’s rate-limiting applies not only to remote
           connections, but also to connections to private addresses like 127.0.0.1 or 10.0.0.1.
           This is mostly useful for debugging rate-limiting. (Default: 0)

       DataDirectory DIR
           Store working data in DIR. Can not be changed while tor is running. (Default: ~/.tor
           if your home directory is not /; otherwise, /var/lib/tor. On Windows, the default is
           your ApplicationData folder.)

       DataDirectoryGroupReadable 0|1
           If this option is set to 0, don’t allow the filesystem group to read the
           DataDirectory. If the option is set to 1, make the DataDirectory readable by the
           default GID. (Default: 0)

       DirAuthority [nickname] [flags] ipv4address:dirport fingerprint
           Use a nonstandard authoritative directory server at the provided address and port,
           with the specified key fingerprint. This option can be repeated many times, for
           multiple authoritative directory servers. Flags are separated by spaces, and determine
           what kind of an authority this directory is. By default, an authority is not
           authoritative for any directory style or version unless an appropriate flag is given.

           Tor will use this authority as a bridge authoritative directory if the "bridge" flag
           is set. If a flag "orport=orport" is given, Tor will use the given port when opening
           encrypted tunnels to the dirserver. If a flag "weight=num" is given, then the
           directory server is chosen randomly with probability proportional to that weight
           (default 1.0). If a flag "v3ident=fp" is given, the dirserver is a v3 directory
           authority whose v3 long-term signing key has the fingerprint fp. Lastly, if an
           "ipv6=[ipv6address]:orport" flag is present, then the directory authority is listening
           for IPv6 connections on the indicated IPv6 address and OR Port.

           Tor will contact the authority at ipv4address to download directory documents. Clients
           always use the ORPort. Relays usually use the DirPort, but will use the ORPort in some
           circumstances. If an IPv6 ORPort is supplied, clients will also download directory
           documents at the IPv6 ORPort, if they are configured to use IPv6.

           If no DirAuthority line is given, Tor will use the default directory authorities.
           NOTE: this option is intended for setting up a private Tor network with its own
           directory authorities. If you use it, you will be distinguishable from other users,
           because you won’t believe the same authorities they do.

       DirAuthorityFallbackRate NUM
           When configured to use both directory authorities and fallback directories, the
           directory authorities also work as fallbacks. They are chosen with their regular
           weights, multiplied by this number, which should be 1.0 or less. The default is less
           than 1, to reduce load on authorities. (Default: 0.1)

       DisableAllSwap 0|1
           If set to 1, Tor will attempt to lock all current and future memory pages, so that
           memory cannot be paged out. Windows, OS X and Solaris are currently not supported. We
           believe that this feature works on modern Gnu/Linux distributions, and that it should
           work on *BSD systems (untested). This option requires that you start your Tor as root,
           and you should use the User option to properly reduce Tor’s privileges. Can not be
           changed while tor is running. (Default: 0)

       DisableDebuggerAttachment 0|1
           If set to 1, Tor will attempt to prevent basic debugging attachment attempts by other
           processes. This may also keep Tor from generating core files if it crashes. It has no
           impact for users who wish to attach if they have CAP_SYS_PTRACE or if they are root.
           We believe that this feature works on modern Gnu/Linux distributions, and that it may
           also work on *BSD systems (untested). Some modern Gnu/Linux systems such as Ubuntu
           have the kernel.yama.ptrace_scope sysctl and by default enable it as an attempt to
           limit the PTRACE scope for all user processes by default. This feature will attempt to
           limit the PTRACE scope for Tor specifically - it will not attempt to alter the system
           wide ptrace scope as it may not even exist. If you wish to attach to Tor with a
           debugger such as gdb or strace you will want to set this to 0 for the duration of your
           debugging. Normal users should leave it on. Disabling this option while Tor is running
           is prohibited. (Default: 1)

       DisableNetwork 0|1
           When this option is set, we don’t listen for or accept any connections other than
           controller connections, and we close (and don’t reattempt) any outbound connections.
           Controllers sometimes use this option to avoid using the network until Tor is fully
           configured. Tor will make still certain network-related calls (like DNS lookups) as a
           part of its configuration process, even if DisableNetwork is set. (Default: 0)

       ExtendByEd25519ID 0|1|auto
           If this option is set to 1, we always try to include a relay’s Ed25519 ID when telling
           the preceding relay in a circuit to extend to it. If this option is set to 0, we never
           include Ed25519 IDs when extending circuits. If the option is set to "auto", we obey a
           parameter in the consensus document. (Default: auto)

       ExtORPort [address:]port|auto
           Open this port to listen for Extended ORPort connections from your pluggable
           transports.

           (Default: DataDirectory/extended_orport_auth_cookie)

       ExtORPortCookieAuthFile Path
           If set, this option overrides the default location and file name for the Extended
           ORPort’s cookie file — the cookie file is needed for pluggable transports to
           communicate through the Extended ORPort.

       ExtORPortCookieAuthFileGroupReadable 0|1
           If this option is set to 0, don’t allow the filesystem group to read the Extended OR
           Port cookie file. If the option is set to 1, make the cookie file readable by the
           default GID. [Making the file readable by other groups is not yet implemented; let us
           know if you need this for some reason.] (Default: 0)

       FallbackDir ipv4address:dirport orport=orport id=fingerprint [weight=num]
       [ipv6=[ipv6address]:orport]
           When tor is unable to connect to any directory cache for directory info (usually
           because it doesn’t know about any yet) it tries a hard-coded directory. Relays try one
           directory authority at a time. Clients try multiple directory authorities and
           FallbackDirs, to avoid hangs on startup if a hard-coded directory is down. Clients
           wait for a few seconds between each attempt, and retry FallbackDirs more often than
           directory authorities, to reduce the load on the directory authorities.

           FallbackDirs should be stable relays with stable IP addresses, ports, and identity
           keys. They must have a DirPort.

           By default, the directory authorities are also FallbackDirs. Specifying a FallbackDir
           replaces Tor’s default hard-coded FallbackDirs (if any). (See DirAuthority for an
           explanation of each flag.)

       FetchDirInfoEarly 0|1
           If set to 1, Tor will always fetch directory information like other directory caches,
           even if you don’t meet the normal criteria for fetching early. Normal users should
           leave it off. (Default: 0)

       FetchDirInfoExtraEarly 0|1
           If set to 1, Tor will fetch directory information before other directory caches. It
           will attempt to download directory information closer to the start of the consensus
           period. Normal users should leave it off. (Default: 0)

       FetchHidServDescriptors 0|1
           If set to 0, Tor will never fetch any hidden service descriptors from the rendezvous
           directories. This option is only useful if you’re using a Tor controller that handles
           hidden service fetches for you. (Default: 1)

       FetchServerDescriptors 0|1
           If set to 0, Tor will never fetch any network status summaries or server descriptors
           from the directory servers. This option is only useful if you’re using a Tor
           controller that handles directory fetches for you. (Default: 1)

       FetchUselessDescriptors 0|1
           If set to 1, Tor will fetch every consensus flavor, and all server descriptors and
           authority certificates referenced by those consensuses, except for extra info
           descriptors. When this option is 1, Tor will also keep fetching descriptors, even when
           idle. If set to 0, Tor will avoid fetching useless descriptors: flavors that it is not
           using to build circuits, and authority certificates it does not trust. When Tor hasn’t
           built any application circuits, it will go idle, and stop fetching descriptors. This
           option is useful if you’re using a tor client with an external parser that uses a full
           consensus. This option fetches all documents except extrainfo descriptors, DirCache
           fetches and serves all documents except extrainfo descriptors, DownloadExtraInfo*
           fetches extrainfo documents, and serves them if DirCache is on, and
           UseMicrodescriptors changes the flavor of consensuses and descriptors that is fetched
           and used for building circuits. (Default: 0)

       HardwareAccel 0|1
           If non-zero, try to use built-in (static) crypto hardware acceleration when available.
           Can not be changed while tor is running. (Default: 0)

       HashedControlPassword hashed_password
           Allow connections on the control port if they present the password whose one-way hash
           is hashed_password. You can compute the hash of a password by running "tor
           --hash-password password". You can provide several acceptable passwords by using more
           than one HashedControlPassword line.

       HTTPProxy host[:port]
           Tor will make all its directory requests through this host:port (or host:80 if port is
           not specified), rather than connecting directly to any directory servers. (DEPRECATED:
           As of 0.3.1.0-alpha you should use HTTPSProxy.)

       HTTPProxyAuthenticator username:password
           If defined, Tor will use this username:password for Basic HTTP proxy authentication,
           as in RFC 2617. This is currently the only form of HTTP proxy authentication that Tor
           supports; feel free to submit a patch if you want it to support others. (DEPRECATED:
           As of 0.3.1.0-alpha you should use HTTPSProxyAuthenticator.)

       HTTPSProxy host[:port]
           Tor will make all its OR (SSL) connections through this host:port (or host:443 if port
           is not specified), via HTTP CONNECT rather than connecting directly to servers. You
           may want to set FascistFirewall to restrict the set of ports you might try to connect
           to, if your HTTPS proxy only allows connecting to certain ports.

       HTTPSProxyAuthenticator username:password
           If defined, Tor will use this username:password for Basic HTTPS proxy authentication,
           as in RFC 2617. This is currently the only form of HTTPS proxy authentication that Tor
           supports; feel free to submit a patch if you want it to support others.

       KeepalivePeriod NUM
           To keep firewalls from expiring connections, send a padding keepalive cell every NUM
           seconds on open connections that are in use. (Default: 5 minutes)

       KeepBindCapabilities 0|1|auto
           On Linux, when we are started as root and we switch our identity using the User
           option, the KeepBindCapabilities option tells us whether to try to retain our ability
           to bind to low ports. If this value is 1, we try to keep the capability; if it is 0 we
           do not; and if it is auto, we keep the capability only if we are configured to listen
           on a low port. Can not be changed while tor is running. (Default: auto.)

       Log minSeverity[-maxSeverity] stderr|stdout|syslog
           Send all messages between minSeverity and maxSeverity to the standard output stream,
           the standard error stream, or to the system log. (The "syslog" value is only supported
           on Unix.) Recognized severity levels are debug, info, notice, warn, and err. We advise
           using "notice" in most cases, since anything more verbose may provide sensitive
           information to an attacker who obtains the logs. If only one severity level is given,
           all messages of that level or higher will be sent to the listed destination.

           Some low-level logs may be sent from signal handlers, so their destination logs must
           be signal-safe. These low-level logs include backtraces, logging function errors, and
           errors in code called by logging functions. Signal-safe logs are always sent to stderr
           or stdout. They are also sent to a limited number of log files that are configured to
           log messages at error severity from the bug or general domains. They are never sent as
           syslogs, control port log events, or to any API-based log destinations.

       Log minSeverity[-maxSeverity] file FILENAME
           As above, but send log messages to the listed filename. The "Log" option may appear
           more than once in a configuration file. Messages are sent to all the logs that match
           their severity level.

       Log [domain,...]minSeverity[-maxSeverity] ... file FILENAME

       Log [domain,...]minSeverity[-maxSeverity] ... stderr|stdout|syslog
           As above, but select messages by range of log severity and by a set of "logging
           domains". Each logging domain corresponds to an area of functionality inside Tor. You
           can specify any number of severity ranges for a single log statement, each of them
           prefixed by a comma-separated list of logging domains. You can prefix a domain with ~
           to indicate negation, and use * to indicate "all domains". If you specify a severity
           range without a list of domains, it matches all domains.

           This is an advanced feature which is most useful for debugging one or two of Tor’s
           subsystems at a time.

           The currently recognized domains are: general, crypto, net, config, fs, protocol, mm,
           http, app, control, circ, rend, bug, dir, dirserv, or, edge, acct, hist, handshake,
           heartbeat, channel, sched, guard, consdiff, dos, process, pt, btrack, and mesg. Domain
           names are case-insensitive.

           For example, "Log [handshake]debug [~net,~mm]info notice stdout" sends to stdout: all
           handshake messages of any severity, all info-and-higher messages from domains other
           than networking and memory management, and all messages of severity notice or higher.

       LogMessageDomains 0|1
           If 1, Tor includes message domains with each log message. Every log message currently
           has at least one domain; most currently have exactly one. This doesn’t affect
           controller log messages. (Default: 0)

       LogTimeGranularity NUM
           Set the resolution of timestamps in Tor’s logs to NUM milliseconds. NUM must be
           positive and either a divisor or a multiple of 1 second. Note that this option only
           controls the granularity written by Tor to a file or console log. Tor does not (for
           example) "batch up" log messages to affect times logged by a controller, times
           attached to syslog messages, or the mtime fields on log files. (Default: 1 second)

       MaxAdvertisedBandwidth N bytes|KBytes|MBytes|GBytes|TBytes|KBits|MBits|GBits|TBits
           If set, we will not advertise more than this amount of bandwidth for our
           BandwidthRate. Server operators who want to reduce the number of clients who ask to
           build circuits through them (since this is proportional to advertised bandwidth rate)
           can thus reduce the CPU demands on their server without impacting network performance.

       MaxUnparseableDescSizeToLog N bytes|KBytes|MBytes|GBytes|TBytes
           Unparseable descriptors (e.g. for votes, consensuses, routers) are logged in separate
           files by hash, up to the specified size in total. Note that only files logged during
           the lifetime of this Tor process count toward the total; this is intended to be used
           to debug problems without opening live servers to resource exhaustion attacks.
           (Default: 10 MBytes)

       MetricsPort [address:]port [format]
           WARNING: Before enabling this, it is important to understand that exposing tor metrics
           publicly is dangerous to the Tor network users. Please take extra precaution and care
           when opening this port. Set a very strict access policy with MetricsPortPolicy and
           consider using your operating systems firewall features for defense in depth.

           We recommend, for the prometheus format, that the only address that can access this
           port should be the Prometheus server itself. Remember that the connection is
           unencrypted (HTTP) hence consider using a tool like stunnel to secure the link from
           this port to the server.

           If set, open this port to listen for an HTTP GET request to "/metrics". Upon a
           request, the collected metrics in the the tor instance are formatted for the given
           format and then sent back. If this is set, MetricsPortPolicy must be defined else
           every request will be rejected.

           Supported format is "prometheus" which is also the default if not set. The Prometheus
           data model can be found here: https://prometheus.io/docs/concepts/data_model/

           The tor metrics are constantly collected and they solely consists of counters. Thus,
           asking for those metrics is very lightweight on the tor process. (Default: None)

           As an example, here only 5.6.7.8 will be allowed to connect:

               MetricsPort 1.2.3.4:9035
               MetricsPortPolicy accept 5.6.7.8

       MetricsPortPolicy policy,policy,...
           Set an entrance policy for the MetricsPort, to limit who can access it. The policies
           have the same form as exit policies below, except that port specifiers are ignored.
           For multiple entries, this line can be used multiple times. It is a reject all by
           default policy. (Default: None)

           Please, keep in mind here that if the server collecting metrics on the MetricsPort is
           behind a NAT, then everything behind it can access it. This is similar for the case of
           allowing localhost, every users on the server will be able to access it. Again,
           strongly consider using a tool like stunnel to secure the link or to strengthen access
           control.

       NoExec 0|1
           If this option is set to 1, then Tor will never launch another executable, regardless
           of the settings of ClientTransportPlugin or ServerTransportPlugin. Once this option
           has been set to 1, it cannot be set back to 0 without restarting Tor. (Default: 0)

       OutboundBindAddress IP
           Make all outbound connections originate from the IP address specified. This is only
           useful when you have multiple network interfaces, and you want all of Tor’s outgoing
           connections to use a single one. This option may be used twice, once with an IPv4
           address and once with an IPv6 address. IPv6 addresses should be wrapped in square
           brackets. This setting will be ignored for connections to the loopback addresses
           (127.0.0.0/8 and ::1), and is not used for DNS requests as well.

       OutboundBindAddressExit IP
           Make all outbound exit connections originate from the IP address specified. This
           option overrides OutboundBindAddress for the same IP version. This option may be used
           twice, once with an IPv4 address and once with an IPv6 address. IPv6 addresses should
           be wrapped in square brackets. This setting will be ignored for connections to the
           loopback addresses (127.0.0.0/8 and ::1).

       OutboundBindAddressOR IP
           Make all outbound non-exit (relay and other) connections originate from the IP address
           specified. This option overrides OutboundBindAddress for the same IP version. This
           option may be used twice, once with an IPv4 address and once with an IPv6 address.
           IPv6 addresses should be wrapped in square brackets. This setting will be ignored for
           connections to the loopback addresses (127.0.0.0/8 and ::1).

       __OwningControllerProcess PID
           Make Tor instance periodically check for presence of a controller process with given
           PID and terminate itself if this process is no longer alive. Polling interval is 15
           seconds.

       PerConnBWBurst N bytes|KBytes|MBytes|GBytes|TBytes|KBits|MBits|GBits|TBits
           If this option is set manually, or via the "perconnbwburst" consensus field, Tor will
           use it for separate rate limiting for each connection from a non-relay. (Default: 0)

       PerConnBWRate N bytes|KBytes|MBytes|GBytes|TBytes|KBits|MBits|GBits|TBits
           If this option is set manually, or via the "perconnbwrate" consensus field, Tor will
           use it for separate rate limiting for each connection from a non-relay. (Default: 0)

       OutboundBindAddressPT IP
           Request that pluggable transports makes all outbound connections originate from the IP
           address specified. Because outgoing connections are handled by the pluggable transport
           itself, it is not possible for Tor to enforce whether the pluggable transport honors
           this option. This option overrides OutboundBindAddress for the same IP version. This
           option may be used twice, once with an IPv4 address and once with an IPv6 address.
           IPv6 addresses should be wrapped in square brackets. This setting will be ignored for
           connections to the loopback addresses (127.0.0.0/8 and ::1).

       PidFile FILE
           On startup, write our PID to FILE. On clean shutdown, remove FILE. Can not be changed
           while tor is running.

       ProtocolWarnings 0|1
           If 1, Tor will log with severity 'warn' various cases of other parties not following
           the Tor specification. Otherwise, they are logged with severity 'info'. (Default: 0)

       RelayBandwidthBurst N bytes|KBytes|MBytes|GBytes|TBytes|KBits|MBits|GBits|TBits
           If not 0, limit the maximum token bucket size (also known as the burst) for _relayed
           traffic_ to the given number of bytes in each direction. They do not include directory
           fetches by the relay (from authority or other relays), because that is considered
           "client" activity. (Default: 0) RelayBandwidthBurst defaults to the value of
           RelayBandwidthRate if unset.

       RelayBandwidthRate N bytes|KBytes|MBytes|GBytes|TBytes|KBits|MBits|GBits|TBits
           If not 0, a separate token bucket limits the average incoming bandwidth usage for
           _relayed traffic_ on this node to the specified number of bytes per second, and the
           average outgoing bandwidth usage to that same value. Relayed traffic currently is
           calculated to include answers to directory requests, but that may change in future
           versions. They do not include directory fetches by the relay (from authority or other
           relays), because that is considered "client" activity. (Default: 0) RelayBandwidthRate
           defaults to the value of RelayBandwidthBurst if unset.

       RephistTrackTime N seconds|minutes|hours|days|weeks
           Tells an authority, or other node tracking node reliability and history, that
           fine-grained information about nodes can be discarded when it hasn’t changed for a
           given amount of time. (Default: 24 hours)

       RunAsDaemon 0|1
           If 1, Tor forks and daemonizes to the background. This option has no effect on
           Windows; instead you should use the --service command-line option. Can not be changed
           while tor is running. (Default: 0)

       SafeLogging 0|1|relay
           Tor can scrub potentially sensitive strings from log messages (e.g. addresses) by
           replacing them with the string [scrubbed]. This way logs can still be useful, but they
           don’t leave behind personally identifying information about what sites a user might
           have visited.

           If this option is set to 0, Tor will not perform any scrubbing, if it is set to 1, all
           potentially sensitive strings are replaced. If it is set to relay, all log messages
           generated when acting as a relay are sanitized, but all messages generated when acting
           as a client are not. Note: Tor may not heed this option when logging at log levels
           below Notice. (Default: 1)

       Sandbox 0|1
           If set to 1, Tor will run securely through the use of a syscall sandbox. Otherwise the
           sandbox will be disabled. The option only works on Linux-based operating systems, and
           only when Tor has been built with the libseccomp library. Note that this option may be
           incompatible with some versions of libc, and some kernel versions. This option can not
           be changed while tor is running.

           When the Sandbox is 1, the following options can not be changed when tor is running:
           Address, ConnLimit, CookieAuthFile, DirPortFrontPage, ExtORPortCookieAuthFile, Logs,
           ServerDNSResolvConfFile, ClientOnionAuthDir (and any files in it won’t reload on HUP
           signal).

           Launching new Onion Services through the control port is not supported with current
           syscall sandboxing implementation.

           Tor must remain in client or server mode (some changes to ClientOnly and ORPort are
           not allowed). Currently, if Sandbox is 1, ControlPort command "GETINFO address" will
           not work.

           When using %include in the tor configuration files, reloading the tor configuration is
           not supported after adding new configuration files or directories.

           (Default: 0)

       Schedulers KIST|KISTLite|Vanilla
           Specify the scheduler type that tor should use. The scheduler is responsible for
           moving data around within a Tor process. This is an ordered list by priority which
           means that the first value will be tried first and if unavailable, the second one is
           tried and so on. It is possible to change these values at runtime. This option mostly
           effects relays, and most operators should leave it set to its default value. (Default:
           KIST,KISTLite,Vanilla)

           The possible scheduler types are:

           KIST: Kernel-Informed Socket Transport. Tor will use TCP information from the kernel
           to make informed decisions regarding how much data to send and when to send it. KIST
           also handles traffic in batches (see KISTSchedRunInterval) in order to improve traffic
           prioritization decisions. As implemented, KIST will only work on Linux kernel version
           2.6.39 or higher.

           KISTLite: Same as KIST but without kernel support. Tor will use all the same mechanics
           as with KIST, including the batching, but its decisions regarding how much data to
           send will not be as good. KISTLite will work on all kernels and operating systems, and
           the majority of the benefits of KIST are still realized with KISTLite.

           Vanilla: The scheduler that Tor used before KIST was implemented. It sends as much
           data as possible, as soon as possible. Vanilla will work on all kernels and operating
           systems.

       KISTSchedRunInterval NUM msec
           If KIST or KISTLite is used in the Schedulers option, this controls at which interval
           the scheduler tick is. If the value is 0 msec, the value is taken from the consensus
           if possible else it will fallback to the default 10 msec. Maximum possible value is
           100 msec. (Default: 0 msec)

       KISTSockBufSizeFactor NUM
           If KIST is used in Schedulers, this is a multiplier of the per-socket limit
           calculation of the KIST algorithm. (Default: 1.0)

       Socks4Proxy host[:port]
           Tor will make all OR connections through the SOCKS 4 proxy at host:port (or host:1080
           if port is not specified).

       Socks5Proxy host[:port]
           Tor will make all OR connections through the SOCKS 5 proxy at host:port (or host:1080
           if port is not specified).

       Socks5ProxyUsername username

       Socks5ProxyPassword password
           If defined, authenticate to the SOCKS 5 server using username and password in
           accordance to RFC 1929. Both username and password must be between 1 and 255
           characters.

       SyslogIdentityTag tag
           When logging to syslog, adds a tag to the syslog identity such that log entries are
           marked with "Tor-tag". Can not be changed while tor is running. (Default: none)

       TCPProxy protocol host:port
           Tor will use the given protocol to make all its OR (SSL) connections through a TCP
           proxy on host:port, rather than connecting directly to servers. You may want to set
           FascistFirewall to restrict the set of ports you might try to connect to, if your
           proxy only allows connecting to certain ports. There is no equivalent option for
           directory connections, because all Tor client versions that support this option
           download directory documents via OR connections.

               The only protocol supported right now 'haproxy'. This option is only for
               clients. (Default: none) +

               The HAProxy version 1 proxy protocol is described in detail at
               https://www.haproxy.org/download/1.8/doc/proxy-protocol.txt +

               Both source IP address and source port will be set to zero.

       TruncateLogFile 0|1
           If 1, Tor will overwrite logs at startup and in response to a HUP signal, instead of
           appending to them. (Default: 0)

       UnixSocksGroupWritable 0|1
           If this option is set to 0, don’t allow the filesystem group to read and write unix
           sockets (e.g. SocksPort unix:). If the option is set to 1, make the Unix socket
           readable and writable by the default GID. (Default: 0)

       UseDefaultFallbackDirs 0|1
           Use Tor’s default hard-coded FallbackDirs (if any). (When a FallbackDir line is
           present, it replaces the hard-coded FallbackDirs, regardless of the value of
           UseDefaultFallbackDirs.) (Default: 1)

       User Username
           On startup, setuid to this user and setgid to their primary group. Can not be changed
           while tor is running.

CLIENT OPTIONS

       The following options are useful only for clients (that is, if SocksPort, HTTPTunnelPort,
       TransPort, DNSPort, or NATDPort is non-zero):

       AllowNonRFC953Hostnames 0|1
           When this option is disabled, Tor blocks hostnames containing illegal characters (like
           @ and :) rather than sending them to an exit node to be resolved. This helps trap
           accidental attempts to resolve URLs and so on. (Default: 0)

       AutomapHostsOnResolve 0|1
           When this option is enabled, and we get a request to resolve an address that ends with
           one of the suffixes in AutomapHostsSuffixes, we map an unused virtual address to that
           address, and return the new virtual address. This is handy for making ".onion"
           addresses work with applications that resolve an address and then connect to it.
           (Default: 0)

       AutomapHostsSuffixes SUFFIX,SUFFIX,...
           A comma-separated list of suffixes to use with AutomapHostsOnResolve. The "." suffix
           is equivalent to "all addresses." (Default: .exit,.onion).

       Bridge [transport] IP:ORPort [fingerprint]
           When set along with UseBridges, instructs Tor to use the relay at "IP:ORPort" as a
           "bridge" relaying into the Tor network. If "fingerprint" is provided (using the same
           format as for DirAuthority), we will verify that the relay running at that location
           has the right fingerprint. We also use fingerprint to look up the bridge descriptor at
           the bridge authority, if it’s provided and if UpdateBridgesFromAuthority is set too.

           If "transport" is provided, it must match a ClientTransportPlugin line. We then use
           that pluggable transport’s proxy to transfer data to the bridge, rather than
           connecting to the bridge directly. Some transports use a transport-specific method to
           work out the remote address to connect to. These transports typically ignore the
           "IP:ORPort" specified in the bridge line.

           Tor passes any "key=val" settings to the pluggable transport proxy as per-connection
           arguments when connecting to the bridge. Consult the documentation of the pluggable
           transport for details of what arguments it supports.

       CircuitPadding 0|1
           If set to 0, Tor will not pad client circuits with additional cover traffic. Only
           clients may set this option. This option should be offered via the UI to mobile users
           for use where bandwidth may be expensive. If set to 1, padding will be negotiated as
           per the consensus and relay support (unlike ConnectionPadding, CircuitPadding cannot
           be force-enabled). (Default: 1)

       ReducedCircuitPadding 0|1
           If set to 1, Tor will only use circuit padding algorithms that have low overhead. Only
           clients may set this option. This option should be offered via the UI to mobile users
           for use where bandwidth may be expensive. (Default: 0)

       ClientBootstrapConsensusAuthorityDownloadInitialDelay N
           Initial delay in seconds for when clients should download consensuses from authorities
           if they are bootstrapping (that is, they don’t have a usable, reasonably live
           consensus). Only used by clients fetching from a list of fallback directory mirrors.
           This schedule is advanced by (potentially concurrent) connection attempts, unlike
           other schedules, which are advanced by connection failures. (Default: 6)

       ClientBootstrapConsensusAuthorityOnlyDownloadInitialDelay N
           Initial delay in seconds for when clients should download consensuses from authorities
           if they are bootstrapping (that is, they don’t have a usable, reasonably live
           consensus). Only used by clients which don’t have or won’t fetch from a list of
           fallback directory mirrors. This schedule is advanced by (potentially concurrent)
           connection attempts, unlike other schedules, which are advanced by connection
           failures. (Default: 0)

       ClientBootstrapConsensusFallbackDownloadInitialDelay N
           Initial delay in seconds for when clients should download consensuses from fallback
           directory mirrors if they are bootstrapping (that is, they don’t have a usable,
           reasonably live consensus). Only used by clients fetching from a list of fallback
           directory mirrors. This schedule is advanced by (potentially concurrent) connection
           attempts, unlike other schedules, which are advanced by connection failures. (Default:
           0)

       ClientBootstrapConsensusMaxInProgressTries NUM
           Try this many simultaneous connections to download a consensus before waiting for one
           to complete, timeout, or error out. (Default: 3)

       ClientDNSRejectInternalAddresses 0|1
           If true, Tor does not believe any anonymously retrieved DNS answer that tells it that
           an address resolves to an internal address (like 127.0.0.1 or 192.168.0.1). This
           option prevents certain browser-based attacks; it is not allowed to be set on the
           default network. (Default: 1)

       ClientOnionAuthDir path
           Path to the directory containing v3 hidden service authorization files. Each file is
           for a single onion address, and the files MUST have the suffix ".auth_private" (i.e.
           "bob_onion.auth_private"). The content format MUST be:

           <onion-address>:descriptor:x25519:<base32-encoded-privkey>

           The <onion-address> MUST NOT have the ".onion" suffix. The <base32-encoded-privkey> is
           the base32 representation of the raw key bytes only (32 bytes for x25519). See
           Appendix G in the rend-spec-v3.txt file of torspec for more information.

       ClientOnly 0|1
           If set to 1, Tor will not run as a relay or serve directory requests, even if the
           ORPort, ExtORPort, or DirPort options are set. (This config option is mostly
           unnecessary: we added it back when we were considering having Tor clients auto-promote
           themselves to being relays if they were stable and fast enough. The current behavior
           is simply that Tor is a client unless ORPort, ExtORPort, or DirPort are configured.)
           (Default: 0)

       ClientPreferIPv6DirPort 0|1|auto
           If this option is set to 1, Tor prefers a directory port with an IPv6 address over one
           with IPv4, for direct connections, if a given directory server has both. (Tor also
           prefers an IPv6 DirPort if IPv4Client is set to 0.) If this option is set to auto,
           clients prefer IPv4. Other things may influence the choice. This option breaks a tie
           to the favor of IPv6. (Default: auto) (DEPRECATED: This option has had no effect for
           some time.)

       ClientPreferIPv6ORPort 0|1|auto
           If this option is set to 1, Tor prefers an OR port with an IPv6 address over one with
           IPv4 if a given entry node has both. (Tor also prefers an IPv6 ORPort if IPv4Client is
           set to 0.) If this option is set to auto, Tor bridge clients prefer the configured
           bridge address, and other clients prefer IPv4. Other things may influence the choice.
           This option breaks a tie to the favor of IPv6. (Default: auto)

       ClientRejectInternalAddresses 0|1
           If true, Tor does not try to fulfill requests to connect to an internal address (like
           127.0.0.1 or 192.168.0.1) unless an exit node is specifically requested (for example,
           via a .exit hostname, or a controller request). If true, multicast DNS hostnames for
           machines on the local network (of the form *.local) are also rejected. (Default: 1)

       ClientUseIPv4 0|1
           If this option is set to 0, Tor will avoid connecting to directory servers and entry
           nodes over IPv4. Note that clients with an IPv4 address in a Bridge, proxy, or
           pluggable transport line will try connecting over IPv4 even if ClientUseIPv4 is set to
           0. (Default: 1)

       ClientUseIPv6 0|1
           If this option is set to 1, Tor might connect to directory servers or entry nodes over
           IPv6. For IPv6 only hosts, you need to also set ClientUseIPv4 to 0 to disable IPv4.
           Note that clients configured with an IPv6 address in a Bridge, proxy, or pluggable
           transportline will try connecting over IPv6 even if ClientUseIPv6 is set to 0.
           (Default: 1)

       ConnectionPadding 0|1|auto
           This option governs Tor’s use of padding to defend against some forms of traffic
           analysis. If it is set to auto, Tor will send padding only if both the client and the
           relay support it. If it is set to 0, Tor will not send any padding cells. If it is set
           to 1, Tor will still send padding for client connections regardless of relay support.
           Only clients may set this option. This option should be offered via the UI to mobile
           users for use where bandwidth may be expensive. (Default: auto)

       ReducedConnectionPadding 0|1
           If set to 1, Tor will not not hold OR connections open for very long, and will send
           less padding on these connections. Only clients may set this option. This option
           should be offered via the UI to mobile users for use where bandwidth may be expensive.
           (Default: 0)

       DNSPort [address:]port|auto [isolation flags]
           If non-zero, open this port to listen for UDP DNS requests, and resolve them
           anonymously. This port only handles A, AAAA, and PTR requests---it doesn’t handle
           arbitrary DNS request types. Set the port to "auto" to have Tor pick a port for you.
           This directive can be specified multiple times to bind to multiple addresses/ports.
           See SocksPort for an explanation of isolation flags. (Default: 0)

       DownloadExtraInfo 0|1
           If true, Tor downloads and caches "extra-info" documents. These documents contain
           information about servers other than the information in their regular server
           descriptors. Tor does not use this information for anything itself; to save bandwidth,
           leave this option turned off. (Default: 0)

       EnforceDistinctSubnets 0|1
           If 1, Tor will not put two servers whose IP addresses are "too close" on the same
           circuit. Currently, two addresses are "too close" if they lie in the same /16 range.
           (Default: 1)

       FascistFirewall 0|1
           If 1, Tor will only create outgoing connections to ORs running on ports that your
           firewall allows (defaults to 80 and 443; see FirewallPorts). This will allow you to
           run Tor as a client behind a firewall with restrictive policies, but will not allow
           you to run as a server behind such a firewall. If you prefer more fine-grained
           control, use ReachableAddresses instead.

       FirewallPorts PORTS
           A list of ports that your firewall allows you to connect to. Only used when
           FascistFirewall is set. This option is deprecated; use ReachableAddresses instead.
           (Default: 80, 443)

       HTTPTunnelPort [address:]port|auto [isolation flags]
           Open this port to listen for proxy connections using the "HTTP CONNECT" protocol
           instead of SOCKS. Set this to 0 if you don’t want to allow "HTTP CONNECT" connections.
           Set the port to "auto" to have Tor pick a port for you. This directive can be
           specified multiple times to bind to multiple addresses/ports. If multiple entries of
           this option are present in your configuration file, Tor will perform stream isolation
           between listeners by default. See SocksPort for an explanation of isolation flags.
           (Default: 0)

       LongLivedPorts PORTS
           A list of ports for services that tend to have long-running connections (e.g. chat and
           interactive shells). Circuits for streams that use these ports will contain only
           high-uptime nodes, to reduce the chance that a node will go down before the stream is
           finished. Note that the list is also honored for circuits (both client and service
           side) involving hidden services whose virtual port is in this list. (Default: 21, 22,
           706, 1863, 5050, 5190, 5222, 5223, 6523, 6667, 6697, 8300)

       MapAddress address newaddress
           When a request for address arrives to Tor, it will transform to newaddress before
           processing it. For example, if you always want connections to www.example.com to exit
           via torserver (where torserver is the fingerprint of the server), use "MapAddress
           www.example.com www.example.com.torserver.exit". If the value is prefixed with a "*.",
           matches an entire domain. For example, if you always want connections to example.com
           and any if its subdomains to exit via torserver (where torserver is the fingerprint of
           the server), use "MapAddress *.example.com *.example.com.torserver.exit". (Note the
           leading "*." in each part of the directive.) You can also redirect all subdomains of a
           domain to a single address. For example, "MapAddress *.example.com www.example.com".
           If the specified exit is not available, or the exit can not connect to the site, Tor
           will fail any connections to the mapped address.+

           NOTES:

            1. When evaluating MapAddress expressions Tor stops when it hits the most recently
               added expression that matches the requested address. So if you have the following
               in your torrc, www.torproject.org will map to 198.51.100.1:

                   MapAddress www.torproject.org 192.0.2.1
                   MapAddress www.torproject.org 198.51.100.1

            2. Tor evaluates the MapAddress configuration until it finds no matches. So if you
               have the following in your torrc, www.torproject.org will map to 203.0.113.1:

                   MapAddress 198.51.100.1 203.0.113.1
                   MapAddress www.torproject.org 198.51.100.1

            3. The following MapAddress expression is invalid (and will be ignored) because you
               cannot map from a specific address to a wildcard address:

                   MapAddress www.torproject.org *.torproject.org.torserver.exit

            4. Using a wildcard to match only part of a string (as in *ample.com) is also
               invalid.

            5. Tor maps hostnames and IP addresses separately. If you MapAddress a DNS name, but
               use an IP address to connect, then Tor will ignore the DNS name mapping.

            6. MapAddress does not apply to redirects in the application protocol. For example,
               HTTP redirects and alt-svc headers will ignore mappings for the original address.
               You can use a wildcard mapping to handle redirects within the same site.

       MaxCircuitDirtiness NUM
           Feel free to reuse a circuit that was first used at most NUM seconds ago, but never
           attach a new stream to a circuit that is too old. For hidden services, this applies to
           the last time a circuit was used, not the first. Circuits with streams constructed
           with SOCKS authentication via SocksPorts that have KeepAliveIsolateSOCKSAuth also
           remain alive for MaxCircuitDirtiness seconds after carrying the last such stream.
           (Default: 10 minutes)

       MaxClientCircuitsPending NUM
           Do not allow more than NUM circuits to be pending at a time for handling client
           streams. A circuit is pending if we have begun constructing it, but it has not yet
           been completely constructed. (Default: 32)

       NATDPort [address:]port|auto [isolation flags]
           Open this port to listen for connections from old versions of ipfw (as included in old
           versions of FreeBSD, etc) using the NATD protocol. Use 0 if you don’t want to allow
           NATD connections. Set the port to "auto" to have Tor pick a port for you. This
           directive can be specified multiple times to bind to multiple addresses/ports. If
           multiple entries of this option are present in your configuration file, Tor will
           perform stream isolation between listeners by default. See SocksPort for an
           explanation of isolation flags.

           This option is only for people who cannot use TransPort. (Default: 0)

       NewCircuitPeriod NUM
           Every NUM seconds consider whether to build a new circuit. (Default: 30 seconds)

       PathBiasCircThreshold NUM

       PathBiasDropGuards NUM

       PathBiasExtremeRate NUM

       PathBiasNoticeRate NUM

       PathBiasWarnRate NUM

       PathBiasScaleThreshold NUM
           These options override the default behavior of Tor’s (currently experimental) path
           bias detection algorithm. To try to find broken or misbehaving guard nodes, Tor looks
           for nodes where more than a certain fraction of circuits through that guard fail to
           get built.

           The PathBiasCircThreshold option controls how many circuits we need to build through a
           guard before we make these checks. The PathBiasNoticeRate, PathBiasWarnRate and
           PathBiasExtremeRate options control what fraction of circuits must succeed through a
           guard so we won’t write log messages. If less than PathBiasExtremeRate circuits
           succeed and PathBiasDropGuards is set to 1, we disable use of that guard.

           When we have seen more than PathBiasScaleThreshold circuits through a guard, we scale
           our observations by 0.5 (governed by the consensus) so that new observations don’t get
           swamped by old ones.

           By default, or if a negative value is provided for one of these options, Tor uses
           reasonable defaults from the networkstatus consensus document. If no defaults are
           available there, these options default to 150, .70, .50, .30, 0, and 300 respectively.

       PathBiasUseThreshold NUM

       PathBiasNoticeUseRate NUM

       PathBiasExtremeUseRate NUM

       PathBiasScaleUseThreshold NUM
           Similar to the above options, these options override the default behavior of Tor’s
           (currently experimental) path use bias detection algorithm.

           Where as the path bias parameters govern thresholds for successfully building
           circuits, these four path use bias parameters govern thresholds only for circuit
           usage. Circuits which receive no stream usage are not counted by this detection
           algorithm. A used circuit is considered successful if it is capable of carrying
           streams or otherwise receiving well-formed responses to RELAY cells.

           By default, or if a negative value is provided for one of these options, Tor uses
           reasonable defaults from the networkstatus consensus document. If no defaults are
           available there, these options default to 20, .80, .60, and 100, respectively.

       PathsNeededToBuildCircuits NUM
           Tor clients don’t build circuits for user traffic until they know about enough of the
           network so that they could potentially construct enough of the possible paths through
           the network. If this option is set to a fraction between 0.25 and 0.95, Tor won’t
           build circuits until it has enough descriptors or microdescriptors to construct that
           fraction of possible paths. Note that setting this option too low can make your Tor
           client less anonymous, and setting it too high can prevent your Tor client from
           bootstrapping. If this option is negative, Tor will use a default value chosen by the
           directory authorities. If the directory authorities do not choose a value, Tor will
           default to 0.6. (Default: -1)

       ReachableAddresses IP[/MASK][:PORT]...
           A comma-separated list of IP addresses and ports that your firewall allows you to
           connect to. The format is as for the addresses in ExitPolicy, except that "accept" is
           understood unless "reject" is explicitly provided. For example, 'ReachableAddresses
           99.0.0.0/8, reject 18.0.0.0/8:80, accept *:80' means that your firewall allows
           connections to everything inside net 99, rejects port 80 connections to net 18, and
           accepts connections to port 80 otherwise. (Default: 'accept *:*'.)

       ReachableDirAddresses IP[/MASK][:PORT]...
           Like ReachableAddresses, a list of addresses and ports. Tor will obey these
           restrictions when fetching directory information, using standard HTTP GET requests. If
           not set explicitly then the value of ReachableAddresses is used. If HTTPProxy is set
           then these connections will go through that proxy. (DEPRECATED: This option has had no
           effect for some time.)

       ReachableORAddresses IP[/MASK][:PORT]...
           Like ReachableAddresses, a list of addresses and ports. Tor will obey these
           restrictions when connecting to Onion Routers, using TLS/SSL. If not set explicitly
           then the value of ReachableAddresses is used. If HTTPSProxy is set then these
           connections will go through that proxy.

           The separation between ReachableORAddresses and ReachableDirAddresses is only
           interesting when you are connecting through proxies (see HTTPProxy and HTTPSProxy).
           Most proxies limit TLS connections (which Tor uses to connect to Onion Routers) to
           port 443, and some limit HTTP GET requests (which Tor uses for fetching directory
           information) to port 80.

       SafeSocks 0|1
           When this option is enabled, Tor will reject application connections that use unsafe
           variants of the socks protocol — ones that only provide an IP address, meaning the
           application is doing a DNS resolve first. Specifically, these are socks4 and socks5
           when not doing remote DNS. (Default: 0)

       TestSocks 0|1
           When this option is enabled, Tor will make a notice-level log entry for each
           connection to the Socks port indicating whether the request used a safe socks protocol
           or an unsafe one (see SafeSocks). This helps to determine whether an application using
           Tor is possibly leaking DNS requests. (Default: 0)

       WarnPlaintextPorts port,port,...
           Tells Tor to issue a warnings whenever the user tries to make an anonymous connection
           to one of these ports. This option is designed to alert users to services that risk
           sending passwords in the clear. (Default: 23,109,110,143)

       RejectPlaintextPorts port,port,...
           Like WarnPlaintextPorts, but instead of warning about risky port uses, Tor will
           instead refuse to make the connection. (Default: None)

       SocksPolicy policy,policy,...
           Set an entrance policy for this server, to limit who can connect to the SocksPort and
           DNSPort ports. The policies have the same form as exit policies below, except that
           port specifiers are ignored. Any address not matched by some entry in the policy is
           accepted.

       SocksPort [address:]port|unix:path|auto [flags] [isolation flags]
           Open this port to listen for connections from SOCKS-speaking applications. Set this to
           0 if you don’t want to allow application connections via SOCKS. Set it to "auto" to
           have Tor pick a port for you. This directive can be specified multiple times to bind
           to multiple addresses/ports. If a unix domain socket is used, you may quote the path
           using standard C escape sequences. Most flags are off by default, except where
           specified. Flags that are on by default can be disabled by putting "No" before the
           flag name. (Default: 9050)

           NOTE: Although this option allows you to specify an IP address other than localhost,
           you should do so only with extreme caution. The SOCKS protocol is unencrypted and (as
           we use it) unauthenticated, so exposing it in this way could leak your information to
           anybody watching your network, and allow anybody to use your computer as an open
           proxy.

           If multiple entries of this option are present in your configuration file, Tor will
           perform stream isolation between listeners by default. The isolation flags arguments
           give Tor rules for which streams received on this SocksPort are allowed to share
           circuits with one another. Recognized isolation flags are:

           IsolateClientAddr
               Don’t share circuits with streams from a different client address. (On by default
               and strongly recommended when supported; you can disable it with
               NoIsolateClientAddr. Unsupported and force-disabled when using Unix domain
               sockets.)

           IsolateSOCKSAuth
               Don’t share circuits with streams for which different SOCKS authentication was
               provided. (For HTTPTunnelPort connections, this option looks at the
               Proxy-Authorization and X-Tor-Stream-Isolation headers. On by default; you can
               disable it with NoIsolateSOCKSAuth.)

           IsolateClientProtocol
               Don’t share circuits with streams using a different protocol. (SOCKS 4, SOCKS 5,
               HTTPTunnelPort connections, TransPort connections, NATDPort connections, and
               DNSPort requests are all considered to be different protocols.)

           IsolateDestPort
               Don’t share circuits with streams targeting a different destination port.

           IsolateDestAddr
               Don’t share circuits with streams targeting a different destination address.

           KeepAliveIsolateSOCKSAuth
               If IsolateSOCKSAuth is enabled, keep alive circuits while they have at least one
               stream with SOCKS authentication active. After such a circuit is idle for more
               than MaxCircuitDirtiness seconds, it can be closed.

           SessionGroup=INT
               If no other isolation rules would prevent it, allow streams on this port to share
               circuits with streams from every other port with the same session group. (By
               default, streams received on different SocksPorts, TransPorts, etc are always
               isolated from one another. This option overrides that behavior.)

           Other recognized flags for a SocksPort are:

           NoIPv4Traffic
               Tell exits to not connect to IPv4 addresses in response to SOCKS requests on this
               connection.

           IPv6Traffic
               Tell exits to allow IPv6 addresses in response to SOCKS requests on this
               connection, so long as SOCKS5 is in use. (SOCKS4 can’t handle IPv6.)

           PreferIPv6
               Tells exits that, if a host has both an IPv4 and an IPv6 address, we would prefer
               to connect to it via IPv6. (IPv4 is the default.)

           NoDNSRequest
               Do not ask exits to resolve DNS addresses in SOCKS5 requests. Tor will connect to
               IPv4 addresses, IPv6 addresses (if IPv6Traffic is set) and .onion addresses.

           NoOnionTraffic
               Do not connect to .onion addresses in SOCKS5 requests.

           OnionTrafficOnly
               Tell the tor client to only connect to .onion addresses in response to SOCKS5
               requests on this connection. This is equivalent to NoDNSRequest, NoIPv4Traffic,
               NoIPv6Traffic. The corresponding NoOnionTrafficOnly flag is not supported.

           CacheIPv4DNS
               Tells the client to remember IPv4 DNS answers we receive from exit nodes via this
               connection.

           CacheIPv6DNS
               Tells the client to remember IPv6 DNS answers we receive from exit nodes via this
               connection.

           GroupWritable
               Unix domain sockets only: makes the socket get created as group-writable.

           WorldWritable
               Unix domain sockets only: makes the socket get created as world-writable.

           CacheDNS
               Tells the client to remember all DNS answers we receive from exit nodes via this
               connection.

           UseIPv4Cache
               Tells the client to use any cached IPv4 DNS answers we have when making requests
               via this connection. (NOTE: This option, or UseIPv6Cache or UseDNSCache, can harm
               your anonymity, and probably won’t help performance as much as you might expect.
               Use with care!)

           UseIPv6Cache
               Tells the client to use any cached IPv6 DNS answers we have when making requests
               via this connection.

           UseDNSCache
               Tells the client to use any cached DNS answers we have when making requests via
               this connection.

           NoPreferIPv6Automap
               When serving a hostname lookup request on this port that should get automapped
               (according to AutomapHostsOnResolve), if we could return either an IPv4 or an IPv6
               answer, prefer an IPv4 answer. (Tor prefers IPv6 by default.)

           PreferSOCKSNoAuth
               Ordinarily, when an application offers both "username/password authentication" and
               "no authentication" to Tor via SOCKS5, Tor selects username/password
               authentication so that IsolateSOCKSAuth can work. This can confuse some
               applications, if they offer a username/password combination then get confused when
               asked for one. You can disable this behavior, so that Tor will select "No
               authentication" when IsolateSOCKSAuth is disabled, or when this option is set.

           ExtendedErrors
               Return extended error code in the SOCKS reply. So far, the possible errors are:

                   X'F0' Onion Service Descriptor Can Not be Found

                   The requested onion service descriptor can't be found on the
                   hashring and thus not reachable by the client. (v3 only)

                   X'F1' Onion Service Descriptor Is Invalid

                   The requested onion service descriptor can't be parsed or
                   signature validation failed. (v3 only)

                   X'F2' Onion Service Introduction Failed

                   All introduction attempts failed either due to a combination of
                   NACK by the intro point or time out. (v3 only)

                   X'F3' Onion Service Rendezvous Failed

                   Every rendezvous circuit has timed out and thus the client is
                   unable to rendezvous with the service. (v3 only)

                   X'F4' Onion Service Missing Client Authorization

                   Client was able to download the requested onion service descriptor
                   but is unable to decrypt its content because it is missing client
                   authorization information. (v3 only)

                   X'F5' Onion Service Wrong Client Authorization

                   Client was able to download the requested onion service descriptor
                   but is unable to decrypt its content using the client
                   authorization information it has. This means the client access
                   were revoked. (v3 only)

                   X'F6' Onion Service Invalid Address

                   The given .onion address is invalid. In one of these cases this
                   error is returned: address checksum doesn't match, ed25519 public
                   key is invalid or the encoding is invalid. (v3 only)

                   X'F7' Onion Service Introduction Timed Out

                   Similar to X'F2' code but in this case, all introduction attempts
                   have failed due to a time out. (v3 only)

           Flags are processed left to right. If flags conflict, the last flag on the line is
           used, and all earlier flags are ignored. No error is issued for conflicting flags.

       TokenBucketRefillInterval NUM [msec|second]
           Set the refill delay interval of Tor’s token bucket to NUM milliseconds. NUM must be
           between 1 and 1000, inclusive. When Tor is out of bandwidth, on a connection or
           globally, it will wait up to this long before it tries to use that connection again.
           Note that bandwidth limits are still expressed in bytes per second: this option only
           affects the frequency with which Tor checks to see whether previously exhausted
           connections may read again. Can not be changed while tor is running. (Default: 100
           msec)

       TrackHostExits host,.domain,...
           For each value in the comma separated list, Tor will track recent connections to hosts
           that match this value and attempt to reuse the same exit node for each. If the value
           is prepended with a '.', it is treated as matching an entire domain. If one of the
           values is just a '.', it means match everything. This option is useful if you
           frequently connect to sites that will expire all your authentication cookies (i.e. log
           you out) if your IP address changes. Note that this option does have the disadvantage
           of making it more clear that a given history is associated with a single user.
           However, most people who would wish to observe this will observe it through cookies or
           other protocol-specific means anyhow.

       TrackHostExitsExpire NUM
           Since exit servers go up and down, it is desirable to expire the association between
           host and exit server after NUM seconds. The default is 1800 seconds (30 minutes).

       TransPort [address:]port|auto [isolation flags]
           Open this port to listen for transparent proxy connections. Set this to 0 if you don’t
           want to allow transparent proxy connections. Set the port to "auto" to have Tor pick a
           port for you. This directive can be specified multiple times to bind to multiple
           addresses/ports. If multiple entries of this option are present in your configuration
           file, Tor will perform stream isolation between listeners by default. See SocksPort
           for an explanation of isolation flags.

           TransPort requires OS support for transparent proxies, such as BSDs' pf or Linux’s
           IPTables. If you’re planning to use Tor as a transparent proxy for a network, you’ll
           want to examine and change VirtualAddrNetwork from the default setting. (Default: 0)

       TransProxyType default|TPROXY|ipfw|pf-divert
           TransProxyType may only be enabled when there is transparent proxy listener enabled.

           Set this to "TPROXY" if you wish to be able to use the TPROXY Linux module to
           transparently proxy connections that are configured using the TransPort option.
           Detailed information on how to configure the TPROXY feature can be found in the Linux
           kernel source tree in the file Documentation/networking/tproxy.txt.

           Set this option to "ipfw" to use the FreeBSD ipfw interface.

           On *BSD operating systems when using pf, set this to "pf-divert" to take advantage of
           divert-to rules, which do not modify the packets like rdr-to rules do. Detailed
           information on how to configure pf to use divert-to rules can be found in the
           pf.conf(5) manual page. On OpenBSD, divert-to is available to use on versions greater
           than or equal to OpenBSD 4.4.

           Set this to "default", or leave it unconfigured, to use regular IPTables on Linux, or
           to use pf rdr-to rules on *BSD systems.

           (Default: "default")

       UpdateBridgesFromAuthority 0|1
           When set (along with UseBridges), Tor will try to fetch bridge descriptors from the
           configured bridge authorities when feasible. It will fall back to a direct request if
           the authority responds with a 404. (Default: 0)

       UseBridges 0|1
           When set, Tor will fetch descriptors for each bridge listed in the "Bridge" config
           lines, and use these relays as both entry guards and directory guards. (Default: 0)

       UseEntryGuards 0|1
           If this option is set to 1, we pick a few long-term entry servers, and try to stick
           with them. This is desirable because constantly changing servers increases the odds
           that an adversary who owns some servers will observe a fraction of your paths. Entry
           Guards can not be used by Directory Authorities or Single Onion Services. In these
           cases, this option is ignored. (Default: 1)

       UseGuardFraction 0|1|auto
           This option specifies whether clients should use the guardfraction information found
           in the consensus during path selection. If it’s set to auto, clients will do what the
           UseGuardFraction consensus parameter tells them to do. (Default: auto)

       GuardLifetime N days|weeks|months
           If UseEntryGuards is set, minimum time to keep a guard on our guard list before
           picking a new one. If less than one day, we use defaults from the consensus directory.
           (Default: 0)

       NumDirectoryGuards NUM
           If UseEntryGuards is set to 1, we try to make sure we have at least NUM routers to use
           as directory guards. If this option is set to 0, use the value from the
           guard-n-primary-dir-guards-to-use consensus parameter, and default to 3 if the
           consensus parameter isn’t set. (Default: 0)

       NumEntryGuards NUM
           If UseEntryGuards is set to 1, we will try to pick a total of NUM routers as long-term
           entries for our circuits. If NUM is 0, we try to learn the number from the
           guard-n-primary-guards-to-use consensus parameter, and default to 1 if the consensus
           parameter isn’t set. (Default: 0)

       NumPrimaryGuards NUM
           If UseEntryGuards is set to 1, we will try to pick NUM routers for our primary guard
           list, which is the set of routers we strongly prefer when connecting to the Tor
           network. If NUM is 0, we try to learn the number from the guard-n-primary-guards
           consensus parameter, and default to 3 if the consensus parameter isn’t set. (Default:
           0)

       VanguardsLiteEnabled 0|1|auto
           This option specifies whether clients should use the vanguards-lite subsystem to
           protect against guard discovery attacks. If it’s set to auto, clients will do what the
           vanguards-lite-enabled consensus parameter tells them to do, and will default to
           enable the subsystem if the consensus parameter isn’t set. (Default: auto)

       UseMicrodescriptors 0|1|auto
           Microdescriptors are a smaller version of the information that Tor needs in order to
           build its circuits. Using microdescriptors makes Tor clients download less directory
           information, thus saving bandwidth. Directory caches need to fetch regular descriptors
           and microdescriptors, so this option doesn’t save any bandwidth for them. For legacy
           reasons, auto is accepted, but it has the same effect as 1. (Default: auto)

       VirtualAddrNetworkIPv4 IPv4Address/bits

       VirtualAddrNetworkIPv6 [IPv6Address]/bits
           When Tor needs to assign a virtual (unused) address because of a MAPADDRESS command
           from the controller or the AutomapHostsOnResolve feature, Tor picks an unassigned
           address from this range. (Defaults: 127.192.0.0/10 and [FE80::]/10 respectively.)

           When providing proxy server service to a network of computers using a tool like
           dns-proxy-tor, change the IPv4 network to "10.192.0.0/10" or "172.16.0.0/12" and
           change the IPv6 network to "[FC00::]/7". The default VirtualAddrNetwork address ranges
           on a properly configured machine will route to the loopback or link-local interface.
           The maximum number of bits for the network prefix is set to 104 for IPv6 and 16 for
           IPv4. However, a larger network (that is, one with a smaller prefix length) is
           preferable, since it reduces the chances for an attacker to guess the used IP. For
           local use, no change to the default VirtualAddrNetwork setting is needed.

CIRCUIT TIMEOUT OPTIONS

       The following options are useful for configuring timeouts related to building Tor circuits
       and using them:

       CircuitsAvailableTimeout NUM
           Tor will attempt to keep at least one open, unused circuit available for this amount
           of time. This option governs how long idle circuits are kept open, as well as the
           amount of time Tor will keep a circuit open to each of the recently used ports. This
           way when the Tor client is entirely idle, it can expire all of its circuits, and then
           expire its TLS connections. Note that the actual timeout value is uniformly randomized
           from the specified value to twice that amount. (Default: 30 minutes; Max: 24 hours)

       LearnCircuitBuildTimeout 0|1
           If 0, CircuitBuildTimeout adaptive learning is disabled. (Default: 1)

       CircuitBuildTimeout NUM
           Try for at most NUM seconds when building circuits. If the circuit isn’t open in that
           time, give up on it. If LearnCircuitBuildTimeout is 1, this value serves as the
           initial value to use before a timeout is learned. If LearnCircuitBuildTimeout is 0,
           this value is the only value used. (Default: 60 seconds)

       CircuitStreamTimeout NUM
           If non-zero, this option overrides our internal timeout schedule for how many seconds
           until we detach a stream from a circuit and try a new circuit. If your network is
           particularly slow, you might want to set this to a number like 60. (Default: 0)

       SocksTimeout NUM
           Let a socks connection wait NUM seconds handshaking, and NUM seconds unattached
           waiting for an appropriate circuit, before we fail it. (Default: 2 minutes)

DORMANT MODE OPTIONS

       Tor can enter dormant mode to conserve power and network bandwidth. The following options
       control when Tor enters and leaves dormant mode:

       DormantCanceledByStartup 0|1
           By default, Tor starts in active mode if it was active the last time it was shut down,
           and in dormant mode if it was dormant. But if this option is true, Tor treats every
           startup event as user activity, and Tor will never start in Dormant mode, even if it
           has been unused for a long time on previous runs. (Default: 0)

           Note: Packagers and application developers should change the value of this option only
           with great caution: it has the potential to create spurious traffic on the network.
           This option should only be used if Tor is started by an affirmative user activity
           (like clicking on an application or running a command), and not if Tor is launched for
           some other reason (for example, by a startup process, or by an application that
           launches itself on every login.)

       DormantClientTimeout N minutes|hours|days|weeks
           If Tor spends this much time without any client activity, enter a dormant state where
           automatic circuits are not built, and directory information is not fetched. Does not
           affect servers or onion services. Must be at least 10 minutes. (Default: 24 hours)

       DormantOnFirstStartup 0|1
           If true, then the first time Tor starts up with a fresh DataDirectory, it starts in
           dormant mode, and takes no actions until the user has made a request. (This mode is
           recommended if installing a Tor client for a user who might not actually use it.) If
           false, Tor bootstraps the first time it is started, whether it sees a user request or
           not.

           After the first time Tor starts, it begins in dormant mode if it was dormant before,
           and not otherwise. (Default: 0)

       DormantTimeoutDisabledByIdleStreams 0|1
           If true, then any open client stream (even one not reading or writing) counts as
           client activity for the purpose of DormantClientTimeout. If false, then only network
           activity counts. (Default: 1)

       DormantTimeoutEnabled 0|1
           If false, then no amount of time without activity is sufficient to make Tor go
           dormant. Setting this option to zero is only recommended for special-purpose
           applications that need to use the Tor binary for something other than sending or
           receiving Tor traffic. (Default: 1)

NODE SELECTION OPTIONS

       The following options restrict the nodes that a tor client (or onion service) can use
       while building a circuit. These options can weaken your anonymity by making your client
       behavior different from other Tor clients:

       EntryNodes node,node,...
           A list of identity fingerprints and country codes of nodes to use for the first hop in
           your normal circuits. Normal circuits include all circuits except for direct
           connections to directory servers. The Bridge option overrides this option; if you have
           configured bridges and UseBridges is 1, the Bridges are used as your entry nodes.

           This option can appear multiple times: the values from multiple lines are spliced
           together.

           The ExcludeNodes option overrides this option: any node listed in both EntryNodes and
           ExcludeNodes is treated as excluded. See ExcludeNodes for more information on how to
           specify nodes.

       ExcludeNodes node,node,...
           A list of identity fingerprints, country codes, and address patterns of nodes to avoid
           when building a circuit. Country codes are 2-letter ISO3166 codes, and must be wrapped
           in braces; fingerprints may be preceded by a dollar sign. (Example: ExcludeNodes
           ABCD1234CDEF5678ABCD1234CDEF5678ABCD1234, {cc}, 255.254.0.0/8)

           This option can appear multiple times: the values from multiple lines are spliced
           together.

           By default, this option is treated as a preference that Tor is allowed to override in
           order to keep working. For example, if you try to connect to a hidden service, but you
           have excluded all of the hidden service’s introduction points, Tor will connect to one
           of them anyway. If you do not want this behavior, set the StrictNodes option
           (documented below).

           Note also that if you are a relay, this (and the other node selection options below)
           only affects your own circuits that Tor builds for you. Clients can still build
           circuits through you to any node. Controllers can tell Tor to build circuits through
           any node.

           Country codes are case-insensitive. The code "{??}" refers to nodes whose country
           can’t be identified. No country code, including {??}, works if no GeoIPFile can be
           loaded. See also the GeoIPExcludeUnknown option below.

       ExcludeExitNodes node,node,...
           A list of identity fingerprints, country codes, and address patterns of nodes to never
           use when picking an exit node---that is, a node that delivers traffic for you outside
           the Tor network. Note that any node listed in ExcludeNodes is automatically considered
           to be part of this list too. See ExcludeNodes for more information on how to specify
           nodes. See also the caveats on the ExitNodes option below.

           This option can appear multiple times: the values from multiple lines are spliced
           together.

       ExitNodes node,node,...
           A list of identity fingerprints, country codes, and address patterns of nodes to use
           as exit node---that is, a node that delivers traffic for you outside the Tor network.
           See ExcludeNodes for more information on how to specify nodes.

           This option can appear multiple times: the values from multiple lines are spliced
           together.

           Note that if you list too few nodes here, or if you exclude too many exit nodes with
           ExcludeExitNodes, you can degrade functionality. For example, if none of the exits you
           list allows traffic on port 80 or 443, you won’t be able to browse the web.

           Note also that not every circuit is used to deliver traffic outside of the Tor
           network. It is normal to see non-exit circuits (such as those used to connect to
           hidden services, those that do directory fetches, those used for relay reachability
           self-tests, and so on) that end at a non-exit node. To keep a node from being used
           entirely, see ExcludeNodes and StrictNodes.

           The ExcludeNodes option overrides this option: any node listed in both ExitNodes and
           ExcludeNodes is treated as excluded.

           The .exit address notation, if enabled via MapAddress, overrides this option.

       GeoIPExcludeUnknown 0|1|auto
           If this option is set to auto, then whenever any country code is set in ExcludeNodes
           or ExcludeExitNodes, all nodes with unknown country ({??} and possibly {A1}) are
           treated as excluded as well. If this option is set to 1, then all unknown countries
           are treated as excluded in ExcludeNodes and ExcludeExitNodes. This option has no
           effect when a GeoIP file isn’t configured or can’t be found. (Default: auto)

       HSLayer2Nodes node,node,...
           A list of identity fingerprints, nicknames, country codes, and address patterns of
           nodes that are allowed to be used as the second hop in all client or service-side
           Onion Service circuits. This option mitigates attacks where the adversary runs middle
           nodes and induces your client or service to create many circuits, in order to discover
           your primary guard node. (Default: Any node in the network may be used in the second
           hop.)

           (Example: HSLayer2Nodes ABCD1234CDEF5678ABCD1234CDEF5678ABCD1234, {cc}, 255.254.0.0/8)

           This option can appear multiple times: the values from multiple lines are spliced
           together.

           When this is set, the resulting hidden service paths will look like:

           C - G - L2 - M - Rend

           C - G - L2 - M - HSDir

           C - G - L2 - M - Intro

           S - G - L2 - M - Rend

           S - G - L2 - M - HSDir

           S - G - L2 - M - Intro

           where C is this client, S is the service, G is the Guard node, L2 is a node from this
           option, and M is a random middle node. Rend, HSDir, and Intro point selection is not
           affected by this option.

           This option may be combined with HSLayer3Nodes to create paths of the form:

           C - G - L2 - L3 - Rend

           C - G - L2 - L3 - M - HSDir

           C - G - L2 - L3 - M - Intro

           S - G - L2 - L3 - M - Rend

           S - G - L2 - L3 - HSDir

           S - G - L2 - L3 - Intro

           ExcludeNodes have higher priority than HSLayer2Nodes, which means that nodes specified
           in ExcludeNodes will not be picked.

           When either this option or HSLayer3Nodes are set, the /16 subnet and node family
           restrictions are removed for hidden service circuits. Additionally, we allow the guard
           node to be present as the Rend, HSDir, and IP node, and as the hop before it. This is
           done to prevent the adversary from inferring information about our guard, layer2, and
           layer3 node choices at later points in the path.

           This option is meant to be managed by a Tor controller such as
           https://github.com/mikeperry-tor/vanguards that selects and updates this set of nodes
           for you. Hence it does not do load balancing if fewer than 20 nodes are selected, and
           if no nodes in HSLayer2Nodes are currently available for use, Tor will not work.
           Please use extreme care if you are setting this option manually.

       HSLayer3Nodes node,node,...
           A list of identity fingerprints, nicknames, country codes, and address patterns of
           nodes that are allowed to be used as the third hop in all client and service-side
           Onion Service circuits. This option mitigates attacks where the adversary runs middle
           nodes and induces your client or service to create many circuits, in order to discover
           your primary or Layer2 guard nodes. (Default: Any node in the network may be used in
           the third hop.)

           (Example: HSLayer3Nodes ABCD1234CDEF5678ABCD1234CDEF5678ABCD1234, {cc}, 255.254.0.0/8)

           This option can appear multiple times: the values from multiple lines are spliced
           together.

           When this is set by itself, the resulting hidden service paths will look like:

           C - G - M - L3 - Rend

           C - G - M - L3 - M - HSDir

           C - G - M - L3 - M - Intro

           S - G - M - L3 - M - Rend

           S - G - M - L3 - HSDir

           S - G - M - L3 - Intro

           where C is this client, S is the service, G is the Guard node, L2 is a node from this
           option, and M is a random middle node. Rend, HSDir, and Intro point selection is not
           affected by this option.

           While it is possible to use this option by itself, it should be combined with
           HSLayer2Nodes to create paths of the form:

           C - G - L2 - L3 - Rend

           C - G - L2 - L3 - M - HSDir

           C - G - L2 - L3 - M - Intro

           S - G - L2 - L3 - M - Rend

           S - G - L2 - L3 - HSDir

           S - G - L2 - L3 - Intro

           ExcludeNodes have higher priority than HSLayer3Nodes, which means that nodes specified
           in ExcludeNodes will not be picked.

           When either this option or HSLayer2Nodes are set, the /16 subnet and node family
           restrictions are removed for hidden service circuits. Additionally, we allow the guard
           node to be present as the Rend, HSDir, and IP node, and as the hop before it. This is
           done to prevent the adversary from inferring information about our guard, layer2, and
           layer3 node choices at later points in the path.

           This option is meant to be managed by a Tor controller such as
           https://github.com/mikeperry-tor/vanguards that selects and updates this set of nodes
           for you. Hence it does not do load balancing if fewer than 20 nodes are selected, and
           if no nodes in HSLayer3Nodes are currently available for use, Tor will not work.
           Please use extreme care if you are setting this option manually.

       MiddleNodes node,node,...
           A list of identity fingerprints and country codes of nodes to use for "middle" hops in
           your normal circuits. Normal circuits include all circuits except for direct
           connections to directory servers. Middle hops are all hops other than exit and entry.

           This option can appear multiple times: the values from multiple lines are spliced
           together.

           This is an experimental feature that is meant to be used by researchers and developers
           to test new features in the Tor network safely. Using it without care will strongly
           influence your anonymity. Other tor features may not work with MiddleNodes. This
           feature might get removed in the future.

               The HSLayer2Node and HSLayer3Node options override this option for onion
               service circuits, if they are set. The vanguards addon will read this
               option, and if set, it will set HSLayer2Nodes and HSLayer3Nodes to nodes
               from this set.

               The ExcludeNodes option overrides this option: any node listed in both
               MiddleNodes and ExcludeNodes is treated as excluded. See
               the <<ExcludeNodes,ExcludeNodes>> for more information on how to specify nodes.

       NodeFamily node,node,...
           The Tor servers, defined by their identity fingerprints, constitute a "family" of
           similar or co-administered servers, so never use any two of them in the same circuit.
           Defining a NodeFamily is only needed when a server doesn’t list the family itself
           (with MyFamily). This option can be used multiple times; each instance defines a
           separate family. In addition to nodes, you can also list IP address and ranges and
           country codes in {curly braces}. See ExcludeNodes for more information on how to
           specify nodes.

       StrictNodes 0|1
           If StrictNodes is set to 1, Tor will treat solely the ExcludeNodes option as a
           requirement to follow for all the circuits you generate, even if doing so will break
           functionality for you (StrictNodes does not apply to ExcludeExitNodes, ExitNodes,
           MiddleNodes, or MapAddress). If StrictNodes is set to 0, Tor will still try to avoid
           nodes in the ExcludeNodes list, but it will err on the side of avoiding unexpected
           errors. Specifically, StrictNodes 0 tells Tor that it is okay to use an excluded node
           when it is necessary to perform relay reachability self-tests, connect to a hidden
           service, provide a hidden service to a client, fulfill a .exit request, upload
           directory information, or download directory information. (Default: 0)

SERVER OPTIONS

       The following options are useful only for servers (that is, if ORPort is non-zero):

       AccountingMax N bytes|KBytes|MBytes|GBytes|TBytes|KBits|MBits|GBits|TBits
           Limits the max number of bytes sent and received within a set time period using a
           given calculation rule (see AccountingStart and AccountingRule). Useful if you need to
           stay under a specific bandwidth. By default, the number used for calculation is the
           max of either the bytes sent or received. For example, with AccountingMax set to 1
           TByte, a server could send 900 GBytes and receive 800 GBytes and continue running. It
           will only hibernate once one of the two reaches 1 TByte. This can be changed to use
           the sum of the both bytes received and sent by setting the AccountingRule option to
           "sum" (total bandwidth in/out). When the number of bytes remaining gets low, Tor will
           stop accepting new connections and circuits. When the number of bytes is exhausted,
           Tor will hibernate until some time in the next accounting period. To prevent all
           servers from waking at the same time, Tor will also wait until a random point in each
           period before waking up. If you have bandwidth cost issues, enabling hibernation is
           preferable to setting a low bandwidth, since it provides users with a collection of
           fast servers that are up some of the time, which is more useful than a set of slow
           servers that are always "available".

           Note that (as also described in the Bandwidth section) Tor uses powers of two, not
           powers of ten: 1 GByte is 1024*1024*1024, not one billion. Be careful: some internet
           service providers might count GBytes differently.

       AccountingRule sum|max|in|out
           How we determine when our AccountingMax has been reached (when we should hibernate)
           during a time interval. Set to "max" to calculate using the higher of either the sent
           or received bytes (this is the default functionality). Set to "sum" to calculate using
           the sent plus received bytes. Set to "in" to calculate using only the received bytes.
           Set to "out" to calculate using only the sent bytes. (Default: max)

       AccountingStart day|week|month [day] HH:MM
           Specify how long accounting periods last. If month is given, each accounting period
           runs from the time HH:MM on the dayth day of one month to the same day and time of the
           next. The relay will go at full speed, use all the quota you specify, then hibernate
           for the rest of the period. (The day must be between 1 and 28.) If week is given, each
           accounting period runs from the time HH:MM of the dayth day of one week to the same
           day and time of the next week, with Monday as day 1 and Sunday as day 7. If day is
           given, each accounting period runs from the time HH:MM each day to the same time on
           the next day. All times are local, and given in 24-hour time. (Default: "month 1
           0:00")

       Address address
           The address of this server, or a fully qualified domain name of this server that
           resolves to an address. You can leave this unset, and Tor will try to guess your
           address. If a domain name is provided, Tor will attempt to resolve it and use the
           underlying IPv4/IPv6 address as its publish address (taking precedence over the ORPort
           configuration). The publish address is the one used to tell clients and other servers
           where to find your Tor server; it doesn’t affect the address that your server binds
           to. To bind to a different address, use the ORPort and OutboundBindAddress options.

       AddressDisableIPv6 0|1
           By default, Tor will attempt to find the IPv6 of the relay if there is no IPv4Only
           ORPort. If set, this option disables IPv6 auto discovery. This disables IPv6 address
           resolution, IPv6 ORPorts, and IPv6 reachability checks. Also, the relay won’t publish
           an IPv6 ORPort in its descriptor. (Default: 0)

       AssumeReachable 0|1
           This option is used when bootstrapping a new Tor network. If set to 1, don’t do
           self-reachability testing; just upload your server descriptor immediately. (Default:
           0)

       AssumeReachableIPv6 0|1|auto
           Like AssumeReachable, but affects only the relay’s own IPv6 ORPort. If this value is
           set to "auto", then Tor will look at AssumeReachable instead. (Default: auto)

       BridgeRelay 0|1
           Sets the relay to act as a "bridge" with respect to relaying connections from bridge
           users to the Tor network. It mainly causes Tor to publish a server descriptor to the
           bridge database, rather than to the public directory authorities.

           Note: make sure that no MyFamily lines are present in your torrc when relay is
           configured in bridge mode.

       BridgeDistribution string
           If set along with BridgeRelay, Tor will include a new line in its bridge descriptor
           which indicates to the BridgeDB service how it would like its bridge address to be
           given out. Set it to "none" if you want BridgeDB to avoid distributing your bridge
           address, or "any" to let BridgeDB decide. See https://bridges.torproject.org/info for
           a more up-to-date list of options. (Default: any)

       ContactInfo email_address
           Administrative contact information for this relay or bridge. This line can be used to
           contact you if your relay or bridge is misconfigured or something else goes wrong.
           Note that we archive and publish all descriptors containing these lines and that
           Google indexes them, so spammers might also collect them. You may want to obscure the
           fact that it’s an email address and/or generate a new address for this purpose.

           ContactInfo must be set to a working address if you run more than one relay or bridge.
           (Really, everybody running a relay or bridge should set it.)

       DisableOOSCheck 0|1
           This option disables the code that closes connections when Tor notices that it is
           running low on sockets. Right now, it is on by default, since the existing
           out-of-sockets mechanism tends to kill OR connections more than it should. (Default:
           1)

       ExitPolicy policy,policy,...
           Set an exit policy for this server. Each policy is of the form "accept[6]|reject[6]
           ADDR[/MASK][:PORT]". If /MASK is omitted then this policy just applies to the host
           given. Instead of giving a host or network you can also use "*" to denote the universe
           (0.0.0.0/0 and ::/0), or *4 to denote all IPv4 addresses, and *6 to denote all IPv6
           addresses.  PORT can be a single port number, an interval of ports
           "FROM_PORT-TO_PORT", or "*". If PORT is omitted, that means "*".

           For example, "accept 18.7.22.69:*,reject 18.0.0.0/8:*,accept *:*" would reject any
           IPv4 traffic destined for MIT except for web.mit.edu, and accept any other IPv4 or
           IPv6 traffic.

           Tor also allows IPv6 exit policy entries. For instance, "reject6 [FC00::]/7:*" rejects
           all destinations that share 7 most significant bit prefix with address FC00::.
           Respectively, "accept6 [C000::]/3:*" accepts all destinations that share 3 most
           significant bit prefix with address C000::.

           accept6 and reject6 only produce IPv6 exit policy entries. Using an IPv4 address with
           accept6 or reject6 is ignored and generates a warning. accept/reject allows either
           IPv4 or IPv6 addresses. Use *4 as an IPv4 wildcard address, and *6 as an IPv6 wildcard
           address. accept/reject * expands to matching IPv4 and IPv6 wildcard address rules.

           To specify all IPv4 and IPv6 internal and link-local networks (including 0.0.0.0/8,
           169.254.0.0/16, 127.0.0.0/8, 192.168.0.0/16, 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12, [::]/8,
           [FC00::]/7, [FE80::]/10, [FEC0::]/10, [FF00::]/8, and [::]/127), you can use the
           "private" alias instead of an address. ("private" always produces rules for IPv4 and
           IPv6 addresses, even when used with accept6/reject6.)

           Private addresses are rejected by default (at the beginning of your exit policy),
           along with any configured primary public IPv4 and IPv6 addresses. These private
           addresses are rejected unless you set the ExitPolicyRejectPrivate config option to 0.
           For example, once you’ve done that, you could allow HTTP to 127.0.0.1 and block all
           other connections to internal networks with "accept 127.0.0.1:80,reject private:*",
           though that may also allow connections to your own computer that are addressed to its
           public (external) IP address. See RFC 1918 and RFC 3330 for more details about
           internal and reserved IP address space. See ExitPolicyRejectLocalInterfaces if you
           want to block every address on the relay, even those that aren’t advertised in the
           descriptor.

           This directive can be specified multiple times so you don’t have to put it all on one
           line.

           Policies are considered first to last, and the first match wins. If you want to allow
           the same ports on IPv4 and IPv6, write your rules using accept/reject *. If you want
           to allow different ports on IPv4 and IPv6, write your IPv6 rules using accept6/reject6
           *6, and your IPv4 rules using accept/reject *4. If you want to _replace_ the default
           exit policy, end your exit policy with either a reject *:* or an accept *:*.
           Otherwise, you’re _augmenting_ (prepending to) the default exit policy.

           If you want to use a reduced exit policy rather than the default exit policy, set
           "ReducedExitPolicy 1". If you want to replace the default exit policy with your custom
           exit policy, end your exit policy with either a reject : or an accept :. Otherwise,
           you’re augmenting (prepending to) the default or reduced exit policy.

           The default exit policy is:

               reject *:25
               reject *:119
               reject *:135-139
               reject *:445
               reject *:563
               reject *:1214
               reject *:4661-4666
               reject *:6346-6429
               reject *:6699
               reject *:6881-6999
               accept *:*

           Since the default exit policy uses accept/reject *, it applies to both IPv4 and IPv6
           addresses.

       ExitPolicyRejectLocalInterfaces 0|1
           Reject all IPv4 and IPv6 addresses that the relay knows about, at the beginning of
           your exit policy. This includes any OutboundBindAddress, the bind addresses of any
           port options, such as ControlPort or DNSPort, and any public IPv4 and IPv6 addresses
           on any interface on the relay. (If IPv6Exit is not set, all IPv6 addresses will be
           rejected anyway.) See above entry on ExitPolicy. This option is off by default,
           because it lists all public relay IP addresses in the ExitPolicy, even those relay
           operators might prefer not to disclose. (Default: 0)

       ExitPolicyRejectPrivate 0|1
           Reject all private (local) networks, along with the relay’s advertised public IPv4 and
           IPv6 addresses, at the beginning of your exit policy. See above entry on ExitPolicy.
           (Default: 1)

       ExitRelay 0|1|auto
           Tells Tor whether to run as an exit relay. If Tor is running as a non-bridge server,
           and ExitRelay is set to 1, then Tor allows traffic to exit according to the ExitPolicy
           option, the ReducedExitPolicy option, or the default ExitPolicy (if no other exit
           policy option is specified).

           If ExitRelay is set to 0, no traffic is allowed to exit, and the ExitPolicy,
           ReducedExitPolicy, and IPv6Exit options are ignored.

           If ExitRelay is set to "auto", then Tor checks the ExitPolicy, ReducedExitPolicy, and
           IPv6Exit options. If at least one of these options is set, Tor behaves as if ExitRelay
           were set to 1. If none of these exit policy options are set, Tor behaves as if
           ExitRelay were set to 0. (Default: auto)

       ExtendAllowPrivateAddresses 0|1
           When this option is enabled, Tor will connect to relays on localhost, RFC1918
           addresses, and so on. In particular, Tor will make direct OR connections, and Tor
           routers allow EXTEND requests, to these private addresses. (Tor will always allow
           connections to bridges, proxies, and pluggable transports configured on private
           addresses.) Enabling this option can create security issues; you should probably leave
           it off. (Default: 0)

       GeoIPFile filename
           A filename containing IPv4 GeoIP data, for use with by-country statistics.

       GeoIPv6File filename
           A filename containing IPv6 GeoIP data, for use with by-country statistics.

       HeartbeatPeriod N minutes|hours|days|weeks
           Log a heartbeat message every HeartbeatPeriod seconds. This is a log level notice
           message, designed to let you know your Tor server is still alive and doing useful
           things. Settings this to 0 will disable the heartbeat. Otherwise, it must be at least
           30 minutes. (Default: 6 hours)

       IPv6Exit 0|1
           If set, and we are an exit node, allow clients to use us for IPv6 traffic. When this
           option is set and ExitRelay is auto, we act as if ExitRelay is 1. (Default: 0)

       KeyDirectory DIR
           Store secret keys in DIR. Can not be changed while tor is running. (Default: the
           "keys" subdirectory of DataDirectory.)

       KeyDirectoryGroupReadable 0|1|auto
           If this option is set to 0, don’t allow the filesystem group to read the KeyDirectory.
           If the option is set to 1, make the KeyDirectory readable by the default GID. If the
           option is "auto", then we use the setting for DataDirectoryGroupReadable when the
           KeyDirectory is the same as the DataDirectory, and 0 otherwise. (Default: auto)

       MainloopStats 0|1
           Log main loop statistics every HeartbeatPeriod seconds. This is a log level notice
           message designed to help developers instrumenting Tor’s main event loop. (Default: 0)

       MaxMemInQueues N bytes|KBytes|MBytes|GBytes
           This option configures a threshold above which Tor will assume that it needs to stop
           queueing or buffering data because it’s about to run out of memory. If it hits this
           threshold, it will begin killing circuits until it has recovered at least 10% of this
           memory. Do not set this option too low, or your relay may be unreliable under load.
           This option only affects some queues, so the actual process size will be larger than
           this. If this option is set to 0, Tor will try to pick a reasonable default based on
           your system’s physical memory. (Default: 0)

       MaxOnionQueueDelay NUM [msec|second]
           If we have more onionskins queued for processing than we can process in this amount of
           time, reject new ones. (Default: 1750 msec)

       MyFamily fingerprint,fingerprint,...
           Declare that this Tor relay is controlled or administered by a group or organization
           identical or similar to that of the other relays, defined by their (possibly
           $-prefixed) identity fingerprints. This option can be repeated many times, for
           convenience in defining large families: all fingerprints in all MyFamily lines are
           merged into one list. When two relays both declare that they are in the same 'family',
           Tor clients will not use them in the same circuit. (Each relay only needs to list the
           other servers in its family; it doesn’t need to list itself, but it won’t hurt if it
           does.) Do not list any bridge relay as it would compromise its concealment.

           If you run more than one relay, the MyFamily option on each relay must list all other
           relays, as described above.

           Note: do not use MyFamily when configuring your Tor instance as a bridge.

       Nickname name
           Set the server’s nickname to 'name'. Nicknames must be between 1 and 19 characters
           inclusive, and must contain only the characters [a-zA-Z0-9]. If not set, Unnamed will
           be used. Relays can always be uniquely identified by their identity fingerprints.

       NumCPUs num
           How many processes to use at once for decrypting onionskins and other parallelizable
           operations. If this is set to 0, Tor will try to detect how many CPUs you have,
           defaulting to 1 if it can’t tell. (Default: 0)

       OfflineMasterKey 0|1
           If non-zero, the Tor relay will never generate or load its master secret key. Instead,
           you’ll have to use "tor --keygen" to manage the permanent ed25519 master identity key,
           as well as the corresponding temporary signing keys and certificates. (Default: 0)

       ORPort [address:]PORT|auto [flags]
           Advertise this port to listen for connections from Tor clients and servers. This
           option is required to be a Tor server. Set it to "auto" to have Tor pick a port for
           you. Set it to 0 to not run an ORPort at all. This option can occur more than once.
           (Default: 0)

           Tor recognizes these flags on each ORPort:

           NoAdvertise
               By default, we bind to a port and tell our users about it. If NoAdvertise is
               specified, we don’t advertise, but listen anyway. This can be useful if the port
               everybody will be connecting to (for example, one that’s opened on our firewall)
               is somewhere else.

           NoListen
               By default, we bind to a port and tell our users about it. If NoListen is
               specified, we don’t bind, but advertise anyway. This can be useful if something
               else (for example, a firewall’s port forwarding configuration) is causing
               connections to reach us.

           IPv4Only
               If the address is absent, or resolves to both an IPv4 and an IPv6 address, only
               listen to the IPv4 address.

           IPv6Only
               If the address is absent, or resolves to both an IPv4 and an IPv6 address, only
               listen to the IPv6 address.

           For obvious reasons, NoAdvertise and NoListen are mutually exclusive, and IPv4Only and
           IPv6Only are mutually exclusive.

       PublishServerDescriptor 0|1|v3|bridge,...
           This option specifies which descriptors Tor will publish when acting as a relay. You
           can choose multiple arguments, separated by commas.

           If this option is set to 0, Tor will not publish its descriptors to any directories.
           (This is useful if you’re testing out your server, or if you’re using a Tor controller
           that handles directory publishing for you.) Otherwise, Tor will publish its
           descriptors of all type(s) specified. The default is "1", which means "if running as a
           relay or bridge, publish descriptors to the appropriate authorities". Other
           possibilities are "v3", meaning "publish as if you’re a relay", and "bridge", meaning
           "publish as if you’re a bridge".

       ReducedExitPolicy 0|1
           If set, use a reduced exit policy rather than the default one.

           The reduced exit policy is an alternative to the default exit policy. It allows as
           many Internet services as possible while still blocking the majority of TCP ports.
           Currently, the policy allows approximately 65 ports. This reduces the odds that your
           node will be used for peer-to-peer applications.

           The reduced exit policy is:

               accept *:20-21
               accept *:22
               accept *:23
               accept *:43
               accept *:53
               accept *:79
               accept *:80-81
               accept *:88
               accept *:110
               accept *:143
               accept *:194
               accept *:220
               accept *:389
               accept *:443
               accept *:464
               accept *:465
               accept *:531
               accept *:543-544
               accept *:554
               accept *:563
               accept *:587
               accept *:636
               accept *:706
               accept *:749
               accept *:873
               accept *:902-904
               accept *:981
               accept *:989-990
               accept *:991
               accept *:992
               accept *:993
               accept *:994
               accept *:995
               accept *:1194
               accept *:1220
               accept *:1293
               accept *:1500
               accept *:1533
               accept *:1677
               accept *:1723
               accept *:1755
               accept *:1863
               accept *:2082
               accept *:2083
               accept *:2086-2087
               accept *:2095-2096
               accept *:2102-2104
               accept *:3128
               accept *:3389
               accept *:3690
               accept *:4321
               accept *:4643
               accept *:5050
               accept *:5190
               accept *:5222-5223
               accept *:5228
               accept *:5900
               accept *:6660-6669
               accept *:6679
               accept *:6697
               accept *:8000
               accept *:8008
               accept *:8074
               accept *:8080
               accept *:8082
               accept *:8087-8088
               accept *:8232-8233
               accept *:8332-8333
               accept *:8443
               accept *:8888
               accept *:9418
               accept *:9999
               accept *:10000
               accept *:11371
               accept *:19294
               accept *:19638
               accept *:50002
               accept *:64738
               reject *:*

               (Default: 0)

       RefuseUnknownExits 0|1|auto
           Prevent nodes that don’t appear in the consensus from exiting using this relay. If the
           option is 1, we always block exit attempts from such nodes; if it’s 0, we never do,
           and if the option is "auto", then we do whatever the authorities suggest in the
           consensus (and block if the consensus is quiet on the issue). (Default: auto)

       ServerDNSAllowBrokenConfig 0|1
           If this option is false, Tor exits immediately if there are problems parsing the
           system DNS configuration or connecting to nameservers. Otherwise, Tor continues to
           periodically retry the system nameservers until it eventually succeeds. (Default: 1)

       ServerDNSAllowNonRFC953Hostnames 0|1
           When this option is disabled, Tor does not try to resolve hostnames containing illegal
           characters (like @ and :) rather than sending them to an exit node to be resolved.
           This helps trap accidental attempts to resolve URLs and so on. This option only
           affects name lookups that your server does on behalf of clients. (Default: 0)

       ServerDNSDetectHijacking 0|1
           When this option is set to 1, we will test periodically to determine whether our local
           nameservers have been configured to hijack failing DNS requests (usually to an
           advertising site). If they are, we will attempt to correct this. This option only
           affects name lookups that your server does on behalf of clients. (Default: 1)

       ServerDNSRandomizeCase 0|1
           When this option is set, Tor sets the case of each character randomly in outgoing DNS
           requests, and makes sure that the case matches in DNS replies. This so-called "0x20
           hack" helps resist some types of DNS poisoning attack. For more information, see
           "Increased DNS Forgery Resistance through 0x20-Bit Encoding". This option only affects
           name lookups that your server does on behalf of clients. (Default: 1)

       ServerDNSResolvConfFile filename
           Overrides the default DNS configuration with the configuration in filename. The file
           format is the same as the standard Unix "resolv.conf" file (7). This option, like all
           other ServerDNS options, only affects name lookups that your server does on behalf of
           clients. (Defaults to use the system DNS configuration or a localhost DNS service in
           case no nameservers are found in a given configuration.)

       ServerDNSSearchDomains 0|1
           If set to 1, then we will search for addresses in the local search domain. For
           example, if this system is configured to believe it is in "example.com", and a client
           tries to connect to "www", the client will be connected to "www.example.com". This
           option only affects name lookups that your server does on behalf of clients. (Default:
           0)

       ServerDNSTestAddresses hostname,hostname,...
           When we’re detecting DNS hijacking, make sure that these valid addresses aren’t
           getting redirected. If they are, then our DNS is completely useless, and we’ll reset
           our exit policy to "reject *:*". This option only affects name lookups that your
           server does on behalf of clients. (Default: "www.google.com, www.mit.edu,
           www.yahoo.com, www.slashdot.org")

       ServerTransportListenAddr transport IP:PORT
           When this option is set, Tor will suggest IP:PORT as the listening address of any
           pluggable transport proxy that tries to launch transport. (IPv4 addresses should
           written as-is; IPv6 addresses should be wrapped in square brackets.) (Default: none)

       ServerTransportOptions transport k=v k=v ...
           When this option is set, Tor will pass the k=v parameters to any pluggable transport
           proxy that tries to launch transport.

           (Example: ServerTransportOptions obfs45 shared-secret=bridgepasswd
           cache=/var/lib/tor/cache) (Default: none)

       ServerTransportPlugin transport exec path-to-binary [options]
           The Tor relay launches the pluggable transport proxy in path-to-binary using options
           as its command-line options, and expects to receive proxied client traffic from it.
           (Default: none)

       ShutdownWaitLength NUM
           When we get a SIGINT and we’re a server, we begin shutting down: we close listeners
           and start refusing new circuits. After NUM seconds, we exit. If we get a second
           SIGINT, we exit immediately. (Default: 30 seconds)

       SigningKeyLifetime N days|weeks|months
           For how long should each Ed25519 signing key be valid? Tor uses a permanent master
           identity key that can be kept offline, and periodically generates new "signing" keys
           that it uses online. This option configures their lifetime. (Default: 30 days)

       SSLKeyLifetime N minutes|hours|days|weeks
           When creating a link certificate for our outermost SSL handshake, set its lifetime to
           this amount of time. If set to 0, Tor will choose some reasonable random defaults.
           (Default: 0)

STATISTICS OPTIONS

       Relays publish most statistics in a document called the extra-info document. The following
       options affect the different types of statistics that Tor relays collect and publish:

       BridgeRecordUsageByCountry 0|1
           When this option is enabled and BridgeRelay is also enabled, and we have GeoIP data,
           Tor keeps a per-country count of how many client addresses have contacted it so that
           it can help the bridge authority guess which countries have blocked access to it. If
           ExtraInfoStatistics is enabled, it will be published as part of the extra-info
           document. (Default: 1)

       CellStatistics 0|1
           Relays only. When this option is enabled, Tor collects statistics about cell
           processing (i.e. mean time a cell is spending in a queue, mean number of cells in a
           queue and mean number of processed cells per circuit) and writes them into disk every
           24 hours. Onion router operators may use the statistics for performance monitoring. If
           ExtraInfoStatistics is enabled, it will published as part of the extra-info document.
           (Default: 0)

       ConnDirectionStatistics 0|1
           Relays only. When this option is enabled, Tor writes statistics on the amounts of
           traffic it passes between itself and other relays to disk every 24 hours. Enables
           relay operators to monitor how much their relay is being used as middle node in the
           circuit. If ExtraInfoStatistics is enabled, it will be published as part of the
           extra-info document. (Default: 0)

       DirReqStatistics 0|1
           Relays and bridges only. When this option is enabled, a Tor directory writes
           statistics on the number and response time of network status requests to disk every 24
           hours. Enables relay and bridge operators to monitor how much their server is being
           used by clients to learn about Tor network. If ExtraInfoStatistics is enabled, it will
           published as part of the extra-info document. (Default: 1)

       EntryStatistics 0|1
           Relays only. When this option is enabled, Tor writes statistics on the number of
           directly connecting clients to disk every 24 hours. Enables relay operators to monitor
           how much inbound traffic that originates from Tor clients passes through their server
           to go further down the Tor network. If ExtraInfoStatistics is enabled, it will be
           published as part of the extra-info document. (Default: 0)

       ExitPortStatistics 0|1
           Exit relays only. When this option is enabled, Tor writes statistics on the number of
           relayed bytes and opened stream per exit port to disk every 24 hours. Enables exit
           relay operators to measure and monitor amounts of traffic that leaves Tor network
           through their exit node. If ExtraInfoStatistics is enabled, it will be published as
           part of the extra-info document. (Default: 0)

       ExtraInfoStatistics 0|1
           When this option is enabled, Tor includes previously gathered statistics in its
           extra-info documents that it uploads to the directory authorities. Disabling this
           option also removes bandwidth usage statistics, and GeoIPFile and GeoIPv6File hashes
           from the extra-info file. Bridge ServerTransportPlugin lines are always included in
           the extra-info file, because they are required by BridgeDB. (Default: 1)

       HiddenServiceStatistics 0|1
           Relays and bridges only. When this option is enabled, a Tor relay writes obfuscated
           statistics on its role as hidden-service directory, introduction point, or rendezvous
           point to disk every 24 hours. If ExtraInfoStatistics is enabled, it will be published
           as part of the extra-info document. (Default: 1)

       OverloadStatistics 0|1*
           Relays and bridges only. When this option is enabled, a Tor relay will write an
           overload general line in the server descriptor if the relay is considered overloaded.
           (Default: 1)

           A relay is considered overloaded if at least one of these conditions is met:

           •   Onionskins are starting to be dropped.

           •   The OOM was invoked.

           •   (Exit only) DNS timeout occurs X% of the time over Y seconds (values controlled by
               consensus parameters, see param-spec.txt).

               If ExtraInfoStatistics is enabled, it can also put two more specific overload
               lines in the extra-info document if at least one of these conditions is met:

           •   TCP Port exhaustion.

           •   Connection rate limits have been reached (read and write side).

       PaddingStatistics 0|1
           Relays and bridges only. When this option is enabled, Tor collects statistics for
           padding cells sent and received by this relay, in addition to total cell counts. These
           statistics are rounded, and omitted if traffic is low. This information is important
           for load balancing decisions related to padding. If ExtraInfoStatistics is enabled, it
           will be published as a part of the extra-info document. (Default: 1)

DIRECTORY SERVER OPTIONS

       The following options are useful only for directory servers. (Relays with enough bandwidth
       automatically become directory servers; see DirCache for details.)

       DirCache 0|1
           When this option is set, Tor caches all current directory documents except extra info
           documents, and accepts client requests for them. If DownloadExtraInfo is set, cached
           extra info documents are also cached. Setting DirPort is not required for DirCache,
           because clients connect via the ORPort by default. Setting either DirPort or
           BridgeRelay and setting DirCache to 0 is not supported. (Default: 1)

       DirPolicy policy,policy,...
           Set an entrance policy for this server, to limit who can connect to the directory
           ports. The policies have the same form as exit policies above, except that port
           specifiers are ignored. Any address not matched by some entry in the policy is
           accepted.

       DirPort [address:]PORT|auto [flags]
           If this option is nonzero, advertise the directory service on this port. Set it to
           "auto" to have Tor pick a port for you. This option can occur more than once, but only
           one advertised DirPort is supported: all but one DirPort must have the NoAdvertise
           flag set. (Default: 0)

           The same flags are supported here as are supported by ORPort. This port can only be
           IPv4.

           As of Tor 0.4.6.1-alpha, non-authoritative relays (see AuthoritativeDirectory) will
           not publish the DirPort but will still listen on it. Clients don’t use the DirPorts on
           relays, so it is safe for you to remove the DirPort from your torrc configuration.

       DirPortFrontPage FILENAME
           When this option is set, it takes an HTML file and publishes it as "/" on the DirPort.
           Now relay operators can provide a disclaimer without needing to set up a separate
           webserver. There’s a sample disclaimer in contrib/operator-tools/tor-exit-notice.html.

       MaxConsensusAgeForDiffs N minutes|hours|days|weeks
           When this option is nonzero, Tor caches will not try to generate consensus diffs for
           any consensus older than this amount of time. If this option is set to zero, Tor will
           pick a reasonable default from the current networkstatus document. You should not set
           this option unless your cache is severely low on disk space or CPU. If you need to set
           it, keeping it above 3 or 4 hours will help clients much more than setting it to zero.
           (Default: 0)

DENIAL OF SERVICE MITIGATION OPTIONS

       Tor has a series of built-in denial of service mitigation options that can be individually
       enabled/disabled and fine-tuned, but by default Tor directory authorities will define
       reasonable values for the network and no explicit configuration is required to make use of
       these protections.

       The following is a series of configuration options for relays and then options for onion
       services and how they work.

       The mitigations take place at relays, and are as follows:

        1. If a single client address makes too many concurrent connections (this is configurable
           via DoSConnectionMaxConcurrentCount), hang up on further connections.

        2. If a single client IP address (v4 or v6) makes circuits too quickly (default values
           are more than 3 per second, with an allowed burst of 90, see DoSCircuitCreationRate
           and DoSCircuitCreationBurst) while also having too many connections open (default is
           3, see DoSCircuitCreationMinConnections), tor will refuse any new circuit (CREATE
           cells) for the next while (random value between 1 and 2 hours).

        3. If a client asks to establish a rendezvous point to you directly (ex: Tor2Web client),
           ignore the request.

       These defenses can be manually controlled by torrc options, but relays will also take
       guidance from consensus parameters using these same names, so there’s no need to configure
       anything manually. In doubt, do not change those values.

       The values set by the consensus, if any, can be found here:
       https://consensus-health.torproject.org/#consensusparams

       If any of the DoS mitigations are enabled, a heartbeat message will appear in your log at
       NOTICE level which looks like:

           DoS mitigation since startup: 429042 circuits rejected, 17 marked addresses.
           2238 connections closed. 8052 single hop clients refused.

       The following options are useful only for a public relay. They control the Denial of
       Service mitigation subsystem described above.

       DoSCircuitCreationEnabled 0|1|auto
           Enable circuit creation DoS mitigation. If set to 1 (enabled), tor will cache client
           IPs along with statistics in order to detect circuit DoS attacks. If an address is
           positively identified, tor will activate defenses against the address. See
           DoSCircuitCreationDefenseType option for more details. This is a client to relay
           detection only. "auto" means use the consensus parameter. If not defined in the
           consensus, the value is 0. (Default: auto)

       DoSCircuitCreationBurst NUM
           The allowed circuit creation burst per client IP address. If the circuit rate and the
           burst are reached, a client is marked as executing a circuit creation DoS. "0" means
           use the consensus parameter. If not defined in the consensus, the value is 90.
           (Default: 0)

       DoSCircuitCreationDefenseTimePeriod N seconds|minutes|hours
           The base time period in seconds that the DoS defense is activated for. The actual
           value is selected randomly for each activation from N+1 to 3/2 * N. "0" means use the
           consensus parameter. If not defined in the consensus, the value is 3600 seconds (1
           hour). (Default: 0)

       DoSCircuitCreationDefenseType NUM
           This is the type of defense applied to a detected client address. The possible values
           are:

           1: No defense.

           2: Refuse circuit creation for the DoSCircuitCreationDefenseTimePeriod period of time.

           "0" means use the consensus parameter. If not defined in the consensus, the value is
           2. (Default: 0)

       DoSCircuitCreationMinConnections NUM
           Minimum threshold of concurrent connections before a client address can be flagged as
           executing a circuit creation DoS. In other words, once a client address reaches the
           circuit rate and has a minimum of NUM concurrent connections, a detection is positive.
           "0" means use the consensus parameter. If not defined in the consensus, the value is
           3. (Default: 0)

       DoSCircuitCreationRate NUM
           The allowed circuit creation rate per second applied per client IP address. If this
           option is 0, it obeys a consensus parameter. If not defined in the consensus, the
           value is 3. (Default: 0)

       DoSConnectionEnabled 0|1|auto
           Enable the connection DoS mitigation. If set to 1 (enabled), for client address only,
           this allows tor to mitigate against large number of concurrent connections made by a
           single IP address. "auto" means use the consensus parameter. If not defined in the
           consensus, the value is 0. (Default: auto)

       DoSConnectionDefenseType NUM
           This is the type of defense applied to a detected client address for the connection
           mitigation. The possible values are:

           1: No defense.

           2: Immediately close new connections.

           "0" means use the consensus parameter. If not defined in the consensus, the value is
           2. (Default: 0)

       DoSConnectionMaxConcurrentCount NUM
           The maximum threshold of concurrent connection from a client IP address. Above this
           limit, a defense selected by DoSConnectionDefenseType is applied. "0" means use the
           consensus parameter. If not defined in the consensus, the value is 100. (Default: 0)

       DoSConnectionConnectRate NUM
           The allowed rate of client connection from a single address per second. Coupled with
           the burst (see below), if the limit is reached, the address is marked and a defense is
           applied (DoSConnectionDefenseType) for a period of time defined by
           DoSConnectionConnectDefenseTimePeriod. If not defined or set to 0, it is controlled by
           a consensus parameter. (Default: 0)

       DoSConnectionConnectBurst NUM
           The allowed burst of client connection from a single address per second. See the
           DoSConnectionConnectRate for more details on this detection. If not defined or set to
           0, it is controlled by a consensus parameter. (Default: 0)

       DoSConnectionConnectDefenseTimePeriod N seconds|minutes|hours
           The base time period in seconds that the client connection defense is activated for.
           The actual value is selected randomly for each activation from N+1 to 3/2 * N. If not
           defined or set to 0, it is controlled by a consensus parameter. (Default: 24 hours)

       DoSRefuseSingleHopClientRendezvous 0|1|auto
           Refuse establishment of rendezvous points for single hop clients. In other words, if a
           client directly connects to the relay and sends an ESTABLISH_RENDEZVOUS cell, it is
           silently dropped. "auto" means use the consensus parameter. If not defined in the
           consensus, the value is 0. (Default: auto)

       For onion services, mitigations are a work in progress and multiple options are currently
       available.

       The introduction point defense is a rate limit on the number of introduction requests that
       will be forwarded to a service by each of its honest introduction point routers. This can
       prevent some types of overwhelming floods from reaching the service, but it will also
       prevent legitimate clients from establishing new connections.

       The following options are per onion service:

       HiddenServiceEnableIntroDoSDefense 0|1
           Enable DoS defense at the intropoint level. When this is enabled, the rate and burst
           parameter (see below) will be sent to the intro point which will then use them to
           apply rate limiting for introduction request to this service.

           The introduction point honors the consensus parameters except if this is specifically
           set by the service operator using this option. The service never looks at the
           consensus parameters in order to enable or disable this defense. (Default: 0)

       HiddenServiceEnableIntroDoSBurstPerSec NUM
           The allowed client introduction burst per second at the introduction point. If this
           option is 0, it is considered infinite and thus if HiddenServiceEnableIntroDoSDefense
           is set, it then effectively disables the defenses. (Default: 200)

       HiddenServiceEnableIntroDoSRatePerSec NUM
           The allowed client introduction rate per second at the introduction point. If this
           option is 0, it is considered infinite and thus if HiddenServiceEnableIntroDoSDefense
           is set, it then effectively disables the defenses. (Default: 25)

       The rate is the maximum number of clients a service will ask its introduction points to
       allow every seconds. And the burst is a parameter that allows that many within one second.

       For example, the default values of 25 and 200 respectively means that for every
       introduction points a service has (default 3 but can be configured with
       HiddenServiceNumIntroductionPoints), 25 clients per seconds will be allowed to reach the
       service and 200 at most within 1 second as a burst. This means that if 200 clients are
       seen within 1 second, it will take 8 seconds (200/25) for another client to be able to be
       allowed to introduce due to the rate of 25 per second.

       This might be too much for your use case or not, fine tuning these values is hard and are
       likely different for each service operator.

       Why is this not helping reachability of the service? Because the defenses are at the
       introduction point, an attacker can easily flood all introduction point rendering the
       service unavailable due to no client being able to pass through. But, the service itself
       is not overwhelmed with connetions allowing it to function properly for the few clients
       that were able to go through or other any services running on the same tor instance.

       The bottom line is that this protects the network by preventing an onion service to flood
       the network with new rendezvous circuits that is reducing load on the network.

       A secondary mitigation is available, based on prioritized dispatch of rendezvous circuits
       for new connections. The queue is ordered based on effort a client chooses to spend at
       computing a proof-of-work function.

       The following options are per onion service:

       HiddenServicePoWDefensesEnabled 0|1
           Enable proof-of-work based service DoS mitigation. If set to 1 (enabled), tor will
           include parameters for an optional client puzzle in the encrypted portion of this
           hidden service’s descriptor. Incoming rendezvous requests will be prioritized based on
           the amount of effort a client chooses to make when computing a solution to the puzzle.
           The service will periodically update a suggested amount of effort, based on attack
           load, and disable the puzzle entirely when the service is not overloaded. (Default: 0)

       HiddenServicePoWQueueRate NUM
           The sustained rate of rendezvous requests to dispatch per second from the priority
           queue. Has no effect when proof-of-work is disabled. If this is set to 0 there’s no
           explicit limit and we will process requests as quickly as possible. (Default: 250)

       HiddenServicePoWQueueBurst NUM
           The maximum burst size for rendezvous requests handled from the priority queue at
           once. (Default: 2500)

       These options are applicable to both onion services and their clients:

       CompiledProofOfWorkHash 0|1|auto
           When proof-of-work DoS mitigation is active, both the services themselves and the
           clients which connect will use a dynamically generated hash function as part of the
           puzzle computation.

           If this option is set to 1, puzzles will only be solved and verified using the
           compiled implementation (about 20x faster) and we choose to fail rather than using a
           slower fallback. If it’s 0, the compiler will never be used. By default, the compiler
           is always tried if possible but the interpreter is available as a fallback. (Default:
           auto)

       See also --list-modules, these proof of work options have no effect unless the "pow"
       module is enabled at compile time.

DIRECTORY AUTHORITY SERVER OPTIONS

       The following options enable operation as a directory authority, and control how Tor
       behaves as a directory authority. You should not need to adjust any of them if you’re
       running a regular relay or exit server on the public Tor network.

       AuthoritativeDirectory 0|1
           When this option is set to 1, Tor operates as an authoritative directory server.
           Instead of caching the directory, it generates its own list of good servers, signs it,
           and sends that to the clients. Unless the clients already have you listed as a trusted
           directory, you probably do not want to set this option.

       BridgeAuthoritativeDir 0|1
           When this option is set in addition to AuthoritativeDirectory, Tor accepts and serves
           server descriptors, but it caches and serves the main networkstatus documents rather
           than generating its own. (Default: 0)

       V3AuthoritativeDirectory 0|1
           When this option is set in addition to AuthoritativeDirectory, Tor generates version 3
           network statuses and serves descriptors, etc as described in dir-spec.txt file of
           torspec (for Tor clients and servers running at least 0.2.0.x).

       AuthDirBadExit AddressPattern...
           Authoritative directories only. A set of address patterns for servers that will be
           listed as bad exits in any network status document this authority publishes, if
           AuthDirListBadExits is set.

           (The address pattern syntax here and in the options below is the same as for exit
           policies, except that you don’t need to say "accept" or "reject", and ports are not
           needed.)

       AuthDirMiddleOnly AddressPattern...
           Authoritative directories only. A set of address patterns for servers that will be
           listed as middle-only in any network status document this authority publishes, if
           AuthDirListMiddleOnly is set.

       AuthDirFastGuarantee N bytes|KBytes|MBytes|GBytes|TBytes|KBits|MBits|GBits|TBits
           Authoritative directories only. If non-zero, always vote the Fast flag for any relay
           advertising this amount of capacity or more. (Default: 100 KBytes)

       AuthDirGuardBWGuarantee N bytes|KBytes|MBytes|GBytes|TBytes|KBits|MBits|GBits|TBits
           Authoritative directories only. If non-zero, this advertised capacity or more is
           always sufficient to satisfy the bandwidth requirement for the Guard flag. (Default: 2
           MBytes)

       AuthDirHasIPv6Connectivity 0|1
           Authoritative directories only. When set to 0, OR ports with an IPv6 address are not
           included in the authority’s votes. When set to 1, IPv6 OR ports are tested for
           reachability like IPv4 OR ports. If the reachability test succeeds, the authority
           votes for the IPv6 ORPort, and votes Running for the relay. If the reachability test
           fails, the authority does not vote for the IPv6 ORPort, and does not vote Running
           (Default: 0)

               The content of the consensus depends on the number of voting authorities
               that set AuthDirHasIPv6Connectivity:

               If no authorities set AuthDirHasIPv6Connectivity 1, there will be no
               IPv6 ORPorts in the consensus.

               If a minority of authorities set AuthDirHasIPv6Connectivity 1,
               unreachable IPv6 ORPorts will be removed from the consensus. But the
               majority of IPv4-only authorities will still vote the relay as Running.
               Reachable IPv6 ORPort lines will be included in the consensus

               If a majority of voting authorities set AuthDirHasIPv6Connectivity 1,
               relays with unreachable IPv6 ORPorts will not be listed as Running.
               Reachable IPv6 ORPort lines will be included in the consensus
               (To ensure that any valid majority will vote relays with unreachable
               IPv6 ORPorts not Running, 75% of authorities must set
               AuthDirHasIPv6Connectivity 1.)

       AuthDirInvalid AddressPattern...
           Authoritative directories only. A set of address patterns for servers that will never
           be listed as "valid" in any network status document that this authority publishes.

       AuthDirListBadExits 0|1
           Authoritative directories only. If set to 1, this directory has some opinion about
           which nodes are unsuitable as exit nodes. (Do not set this to 1 unless you plan to
           list non-functioning exits as bad; otherwise, you are effectively voting in favor of
           every declared exit as an exit.)

       AuthDirListMiddleOnly 0|1
           Authoritative directories only. If set to 1, this directory has some opinion about
           which nodes should only be used in the middle position. (Do not set this to 1 unless
           you plan to list questionable relays as "middle only"; otherwise, you are effectively
           voting against middle-only status for every relay.)

       AuthDirMaxServersPerAddr NUM
           Authoritative directories only. The maximum number of servers that we will list as
           acceptable on a single IP address. Set this to "0" for "no limit". (Default: 2)

       AuthDirPinKeys 0|1
           Authoritative directories only. If non-zero, do not allow any relay to publish a
           descriptor if any other relay has reserved its <Ed25519,RSA> identity keypair. In all
           cases, Tor records every keypair it accepts in a journal if it is new, or if it
           differs from the most recently accepted pinning for one of the keys it contains.
           (Default: 1)

       AuthDirReject AddressPattern...
           Authoritative directories only. A set of address patterns for servers that will never
           be listed at all in any network status document that this authority publishes, or
           accepted as an OR address in any descriptor submitted for publication by this
           authority.

       AuthDirRejectRequestsUnderLoad 0|1
           If set, the directory authority will start rejecting directory requests from non relay
           connections by sending a 503 error code if it is under bandwidth pressure (reaching
           the configured limit if any). Relays will always tried to be answered even if this is
           on. (Default: 1)

       AuthDirBadExitCCs CC,...

       AuthDirInvalidCCs CC,...

       AuthDirMiddleOnlyCCs CC,...

       AuthDirRejectCCs CC,...
           Authoritative directories only. These options contain a comma-separated list of
           country codes such that any server in one of those country codes will be marked as a
           bad exit/invalid for use, or rejected entirely.

       AuthDirSharedRandomness 0|1
           Authoritative directories only. Switch for the shared random protocol. If zero, the
           authority won’t participate in the protocol. If non-zero (default), the flag
           "shared-rand-participate" is added to the authority vote indicating participation in
           the protocol. (Default: 1)

       AuthDirTestEd25519LinkKeys 0|1
           Authoritative directories only. If this option is set to 0, then we treat relays as
           "Running" if their RSA key is correct when we probe them, regardless of their Ed25519
           key. We should only ever set this option to 0 if there is some major bug in Ed25519
           link authentication that causes us to label all the relays as not Running. (Default:
           1)

       AuthDirTestReachability 0|1
           Authoritative directories only. If set to 1, then we periodically check every relay we
           know about to see whether it is running. If set to 0, we vote Running for every relay,
           and don’t perform these tests. (Default: 1)

       AuthDirVoteGuard node,node,...
           A list of identity fingerprints or country codes or address patterns of nodes to vote
           Guard for regardless of their uptime and bandwidth. See ExcludeNodes for more
           information on how to specify nodes.

       AuthDirVoteGuardBwThresholdFraction FRACTION
           The Guard flag bandwidth performance threshold fraction that is the fraction
           representing who gets the Guard flag out of all measured bandwidth. (Default: 0.75)

       AuthDirVoteGuardGuaranteeTimeKnown N seconds|minutes|hours|days|weeks
           A relay with at least this much weighted time known can be considered familiar enough
           to be a guard. (Default: 8 days)

       AuthDirVoteGuardGuaranteeWFU FRACTION
           A level of weighted fractional uptime (WFU) is that is sufficient to be a Guard.
           (Default: 0.98)

       AuthDirVoteStableGuaranteeMinUptime N seconds|minutes|hours|days|weeks
           If a relay’s uptime is at least this value, then it is always considered stable,
           regardless of the rest of the network. (Default: 30 days)

       AuthDirVoteStableGuaranteeMTBF N seconds|minutes|hours|days|weeks
           If a relay’s mean time between failures (MTBF) is least this value, then it will
           always be considered stable. (Default: 5 days)

       BridgePassword Password
           If set, contains an HTTP authenticator that tells a bridge authority to serve all
           requested bridge information. Used by the (only partially implemented) "bridge
           community" design, where a community of bridge relay operators all use an alternate
           bridge directory authority, and their target user audience can periodically fetch the
           list of available community bridges to stay up-to-date. (Default: not set)

       ConsensusParams STRING
           STRING is a space-separated list of key=value pairs that Tor will include in the
           "params" line of its networkstatus vote. This directive can be specified multiple
           times so you don’t have to put it all on one line.

       DirAllowPrivateAddresses 0|1
           If set to 1, Tor will accept server descriptors with arbitrary "Address" elements.
           Otherwise, if the address is not an IP address or is a private IP address, it will
           reject the server descriptor. Additionally, Tor will allow exit policies for private
           networks to fulfill Exit flag requirements. (Default: 0)

       GuardfractionFile FILENAME
           V3 authoritative directories only. Configures the location of the guardfraction file
           which contains information about how long relays have been guards. (Default: unset)

       MinMeasuredBWsForAuthToIgnoreAdvertised N
           A total value, in abstract bandwidth units, describing how much measured total
           bandwidth an authority should have observed on the network before it will treat
           advertised bandwidths as wholly unreliable. (Default: 500)

       MinUptimeHidServDirectoryV2 N seconds|minutes|hours|days|weeks
           Minimum uptime of a relay to be accepted as a hidden service directory by directory
           authorities. (Default: 96 hours)

       RecommendedClientVersions STRING
           STRING is a comma-separated list of Tor versions currently believed to be safe for
           clients to use. This information is included in version 2 directories. If this is not
           set then the value of RecommendedVersions is used. When this is set then
           VersioningAuthoritativeDirectory should be set too.

       RecommendedServerVersions STRING
           STRING is a comma-separated list of Tor versions currently believed to be safe for
           servers to use. This information is included in version 2 directories. If this is not
           set then the value of RecommendedVersions is used. When this is set then
           VersioningAuthoritativeDirectory should be set too.

       RecommendedVersions STRING
           STRING is a comma-separated list of Tor versions currently believed to be safe. The
           list is included in each directory, and nodes which pull down the directory learn
           whether they need to upgrade. This option can appear multiple times: the values from
           multiple lines are spliced together. When this is set then
           VersioningAuthoritativeDirectory should be set too.

       V3AuthDistDelay N seconds|minutes|hours
           V3 authoritative directories only. Configures the server’s preferred delay between
           publishing its consensus and signature and assuming it has all the signatures from all
           the other authorities. Note that the actual time used is not the server’s preferred
           time, but the consensus of all preferences. (Default: 5 minutes)

       V3AuthNIntervalsValid NUM
           V3 authoritative directories only. Configures the number of VotingIntervals for which
           each consensus should be valid for. Choosing high numbers increases network
           partitioning risks; choosing low numbers increases directory traffic. Note that the
           actual number of intervals used is not the server’s preferred number, but the
           consensus of all preferences. Must be at least 2. (Default: 3)

       V3AuthUseLegacyKey 0|1
           If set, the directory authority will sign consensuses not only with its own signing
           key, but also with a "legacy" key and certificate with a different identity. This
           feature is used to migrate directory authority keys in the event of a compromise.
           (Default: 0)

       V3AuthVoteDelay N seconds|minutes|hours
           V3 authoritative directories only. Configures the server’s preferred delay between
           publishing its vote and assuming it has all the votes from all the other authorities.
           Note that the actual time used is not the server’s preferred time, but the consensus
           of all preferences. (Default: 5 minutes)

       V3AuthVotingInterval N minutes|hours
           V3 authoritative directories only. Configures the server’s preferred voting interval.
           Note that voting will actually happen at an interval chosen by consensus from all the
           authorities' preferred intervals. This time SHOULD divide evenly into a day. (Default:
           1 hour)

       V3BandwidthsFile FILENAME
           V3 authoritative directories only. Configures the location of the bandwidth-authority
           generated file storing information on relays' measured bandwidth capacities. To avoid
           inconsistent reads, bandwidth data should be written to temporary file, then renamed
           to the configured filename. (Default: unset)

       VersioningAuthoritativeDirectory 0|1
           When this option is set to 1, Tor adds information on which versions of Tor are still
           believed safe for use to the published directory. Each version 1 authority is
           automatically a versioning authority; version 2 authorities provide this service
           optionally. See RecommendedVersions, RecommendedClientVersions, and
           RecommendedServerVersions.

HIDDEN SERVICE OPTIONS

       The following options are used to configure a hidden service. Some options apply per
       service and some apply for the whole tor instance.

       The next section describes the per service options that can only be set after the
       HiddenServiceDir directive

       PER SERVICE OPTIONS:

       HiddenServiceAllowUnknownPorts 0|1
           If set to 1, then connections to unrecognized ports do not cause the current hidden
           service to close rendezvous circuits. (Setting this to 0 is not an authorization
           mechanism; it is instead meant to be a mild inconvenience to port-scanners.) (Default:
           0)

       HiddenServiceDir DIRECTORY
           Store data files for a hidden service in DIRECTORY. Every hidden service must have a
           separate directory. You may use this option multiple times to specify multiple
           services. If DIRECTORY does not exist, Tor will create it. Please note that you cannot
           add new Onion Service to already running Tor instance if Sandbox is enabled. (Note: in
           current versions of Tor, if DIRECTORY is a relative path, it will be relative to the
           current working directory of Tor instance, not to its DataDirectory. Do not rely on
           this behavior; it is not guaranteed to remain the same in future versions.)

       HiddenServiceDirGroupReadable 0|1
           If this option is set to 1, allow the filesystem group to read the hidden service
           directory and hostname file. If the option is set to 0, only owner is able to read the
           hidden service directory. (Default: 0) Has no effect on Windows.

       HiddenServiceExportCircuitID protocol
           The onion service will use the given protocol to expose the global circuit identifier
           of each inbound client circuit. The only protocol supported right now 'haproxy'. This
           option is only for v3 services. (Default: none)

           The haproxy option works in the following way: when the feature is enabled, the Tor
           process will write a header line when a client is connecting to the onion service. The
           header will look like this:

           "PROXY TCP6 fc00:dead:beef:4dad::ffff:ffff ::1 65535 42\r\n"

           We encode the "global circuit identifier" as the last 32-bits of the first IPv6
           address. All other values in the header can safely be ignored. You can compute the
           global circuit identifier using the following formula given the IPv6 address
           "fc00:dead:beef:4dad::AABB:CCDD":

           global_circuit_id = (0xAA << 24) + (0xBB << 16) + (0xCC << 8) + 0xDD;

           In the case above, where the last 32-bits are 0xffffffff, the global circuit
           identifier would be 4294967295. You can use this value together with Tor’s control
           port to terminate particular circuits using their global circuit identifiers. For more
           information about this see control-spec.txt.

           The HAProxy version 1 protocol is described in detail at
           https://www.haproxy.org/download/1.8/doc/proxy-protocol.txt

       HiddenServiceOnionBalanceInstance 0|1
           If set to 1, this onion service becomes an OnionBalance instance and will accept
           client connections destined to an OnionBalance frontend. In this case, Tor expects to
           find a file named "ob_config" inside the HiddenServiceDir directory with content:

           MasterOnionAddress <frontend_onion_address>

           where <frontend_onion_address> is the onion address of the OnionBalance frontend (e.g.
           wrxdvcaqpuzakbfww5sxs6r2uybczwijzfn2ezy2osaj7iox7kl7nhad.onion).

       HiddenServiceMaxStreams N
           The maximum number of simultaneous streams (connections) per rendezvous circuit. The
           maximum value allowed is 65535. (Setting this to 0 will allow an unlimited number of
           simultaneous streams.) (Default: 0)

       HiddenServiceMaxStreamsCloseCircuit 0|1
           If set to 1, then exceeding HiddenServiceMaxStreams will cause the offending
           rendezvous circuit to be torn down, as opposed to stream creation requests that exceed
           the limit being silently ignored. (Default: 0)

       HiddenServiceNumIntroductionPoints NUM
           Number of introduction points the hidden service will have. You can’t have more than
           20. (Default: 3)

       HiddenServicePort VIRTPORT [TARGET]
           Configure a virtual port VIRTPORT for a hidden service. You may use this option
           multiple times; each time applies to the service using the most recent
           HiddenServiceDir. By default, this option maps the virtual port to the same port on
           127.0.0.1 over TCP. You may override the target port, address, or both by specifying a
           target of addr, port, addr:port, or unix:path. (You can specify an IPv6 target as
           [addr]:port. Unix paths may be quoted, and may use standard C escapes.) You may also
           have multiple lines with the same VIRTPORT: when a user connects to that VIRTPORT, one
           of the TARGETs from those lines will be chosen at random. Note that address-port pairs
           have to be comma-separated.

       HiddenServiceVersion 3
           A list of rendezvous service descriptor versions to publish for the hidden service.
           Currently, only version 3 is supported. (Default: 3)

       PER INSTANCE OPTIONS:

       HiddenServiceSingleHopMode 0|1
           Experimental - Non Anonymous Hidden Services on a tor instance in
           HiddenServiceSingleHopMode make one-hop (direct) circuits between the onion service
           server, and the introduction and rendezvous points. (Onion service descriptors are
           still posted using 3-hop paths, to avoid onion service directories blocking the
           service.) This option makes every hidden service instance hosted by a tor instance a
           Single Onion Service. One-hop circuits make Single Onion servers easily locatable, but
           clients remain location-anonymous. However, the fact that a client is accessing a
           Single Onion rather than a Hidden Service may be statistically distinguishable.

           WARNING: Once a hidden service directory has been used by a tor instance in
           HiddenServiceSingleHopMode, it can NEVER be used again for a hidden service. It is
           best practice to create a new hidden service directory, key, and address for each new
           Single Onion Service and Hidden Service. It is not possible to run Single Onion
           Services and Hidden Services from the same tor instance: they should be run on
           different servers with different IP addresses.

           HiddenServiceSingleHopMode requires HiddenServiceNonAnonymousMode to be set to 1.
           Since a Single Onion service is non-anonymous, you can not configure a SOCKSPort on a
           tor instance that is running in HiddenServiceSingleHopMode. Can not be changed while
           tor is running. (Default: 0)

       HiddenServiceNonAnonymousMode 0|1
           Makes hidden services non-anonymous on this tor instance. Allows the non-anonymous
           HiddenServiceSingleHopMode. Enables direct connections in the server-side hidden
           service protocol. If you are using this option, you need to disable all client-side
           services on your Tor instance, including setting SOCKSPort to "0". Can not be changed
           while tor is running. (Default: 0)

       PublishHidServDescriptors 0|1
           If set to 0, Tor will run any hidden services you configure, but it won’t advertise
           them to the rendezvous directory. This option is only useful if you’re using a Tor
           controller that handles hidserv publishing for you. (Default: 1)

CLIENT AUTHORIZATION

       Service side:

           To configure client authorization on the service side, the
           "<HiddenServiceDir>/authorized_clients/" directory needs to exist. Each file
           in that directory should be suffixed with ".auth" (i.e. "alice.auth"; the
           file name is irrelevant) and its content format MUST be:

           <auth-type>:<key-type>:<base32-encoded-public-key>

           The supported <auth-type> are: "descriptor". The supported <key-type> are:
           "x25519". The <base32-encoded-public-key> is the base32 representation of
           the raw key bytes only (32 bytes for x25519).

           Each file MUST contain one line only. Any malformed file will be
           ignored. Client authorization will only be enabled for the service if tor
           successfully loads at least one authorization file.

           Note that once you've configured client authorization, anyone else with the
           address won't be able to access it from this point on. If no authorization is
           configured, the service will be accessible to anyone with the onion address.

           Revoking a client can be done by removing their ".auth" file, however the
           revocation will be in effect only after the tor process gets restarted or if
           a SIGHUP takes place.

       Client side:

           To access a v3 onion service with client authorization as a client, make sure
           you have ClientOnionAuthDir set in your torrc. Then, in the
           <ClientOnionAuthDir> directory, create an .auth_private file for the onion
           service corresponding to this key (i.e. 'bob_onion.auth_private').  The
           contents of the <ClientOnionAuthDir>/<user>.auth_private file should look like:

           <56-char-onion-addr-without-.onion-part>:descriptor:x25519:<x25519 private key in base32>

       For more information, please see
       https://2019.www.torproject.org/docs/tor-onion-service.html.en#ClientAuthorization .

TESTING NETWORK OPTIONS

       The following options are used for running a testing Tor network.

       TestingTorNetwork 0|1
           If set to 1, Tor adjusts default values of the configuration options below, so that it
           is easier to set up a testing Tor network. May only be set if non-default set of
           DirAuthorities is set. Cannot be unset while Tor is running. (Default: 0)

               DirAllowPrivateAddresses 1
               EnforceDistinctSubnets 0
               AuthDirMaxServersPerAddr 0
               ClientBootstrapConsensusAuthorityDownloadInitialDelay 0
               ClientBootstrapConsensusFallbackDownloadInitialDelay 0
               ClientBootstrapConsensusAuthorityOnlyDownloadInitialDelay 0
               ClientDNSRejectInternalAddresses 0
               ClientRejectInternalAddresses 0
               CountPrivateBandwidth 1
               ExitPolicyRejectPrivate 0
               ExtendAllowPrivateAddresses 1
               V3AuthVotingInterval 5 minutes
               V3AuthVoteDelay 20 seconds
               V3AuthDistDelay 20 seconds
               TestingV3AuthInitialVotingInterval 150 seconds
               TestingV3AuthInitialVoteDelay 20 seconds
               TestingV3AuthInitialDistDelay 20 seconds
               TestingAuthDirTimeToLearnReachability 0 minutes
               MinUptimeHidServDirectoryV2 0 minutes
               TestingServerDownloadInitialDelay 0
               TestingClientDownloadInitialDelay 0
               TestingServerConsensusDownloadInitialDelay 0
               TestingClientConsensusDownloadInitialDelay 0
               TestingBridgeDownloadInitialDelay 10
               TestingBridgeBootstrapDownloadInitialDelay 0
               TestingClientMaxIntervalWithoutRequest 5 seconds
               TestingDirConnectionMaxStall 30 seconds
               TestingEnableConnBwEvent 1
               TestingEnableCellStatsEvent 1

       TestingAuthDirTimeToLearnReachability N seconds|minutes|hours
           After starting as an authority, do not make claims about whether routers are Running
           until this much time has passed. Changing this requires that TestingTorNetwork is set.
           (Default: 30 minutes)

       TestingAuthKeyLifetime N seconds|minutes|hours|days|weeks|months
           Overrides the default lifetime for a signing Ed25519 TLS Link authentication key.
           (Default: 2 days)

       TestingAuthKeySlop N seconds|minutes|hours

       TestingBridgeBootstrapDownloadInitialDelay N
           Initial delay in seconds for how long clients should wait before downloading a bridge
           descriptor for a new bridge. Changing this requires that TestingTorNetwork is set.
           (Default: 0)

       TestingBridgeDownloadInitialDelay N
           How long to wait (in seconds) once clients have successfully downloaded a bridge
           descriptor, before trying another download for that same bridge. Changing this
           requires that TestingTorNetwork is set. (Default: 10800)

       TestingClientConsensusDownloadInitialDelay N
           Initial delay in seconds for when clients should download consensuses. Changing this
           requires that TestingTorNetwork is set. (Default: 0)

       TestingClientDownloadInitialDelay N
           Initial delay in seconds for when clients should download things in general. Changing
           this requires that TestingTorNetwork is set. (Default: 0)

       TestingClientMaxIntervalWithoutRequest N seconds|minutes
           When directory clients have only a few descriptors to request, they batch them until
           they have more, or until this amount of time has passed. Changing this requires that
           TestingTorNetwork is set. (Default: 10 minutes)

       TestingDirAuthVoteExit node,node,...
           A list of identity fingerprints, country codes, and address patterns of nodes to vote
           Exit for regardless of their uptime, bandwidth, or exit policy. See ExcludeNodes for
           more information on how to specify nodes.

           In order for this option to have any effect, TestingTorNetwork has to be set. See
           ExcludeNodes for more information on how to specify nodes.

       TestingDirAuthVoteExitIsStrict 0|1
           If True (1), a node will never receive the Exit flag unless it is specified in the
           TestingDirAuthVoteExit list, regardless of its uptime, bandwidth, or exit policy.

           In order for this option to have any effect, TestingTorNetwork has to be set.

       TestingDirAuthVoteGuard node,node,...
           A list of identity fingerprints and country codes and address patterns of nodes to
           vote Guard for regardless of their uptime and bandwidth. See ExcludeNodes for more
           information on how to specify nodes.

           In order for this option to have any effect, TestingTorNetwork has to be set.

       TestingDirAuthVoteGuardIsStrict 0|1
           If True (1), a node will never receive the Guard flag unless it is specified in the
           TestingDirAuthVoteGuard list, regardless of its uptime and bandwidth.

           In order for this option to have any effect, TestingTorNetwork has to be set.

       TestingDirAuthVoteHSDir node,node,...
           A list of identity fingerprints and country codes and address patterns of nodes to
           vote HSDir for regardless of their uptime and DirPort. See ExcludeNodes for more
           information on how to specify nodes.

           In order for this option to have any effect, TestingTorNetwork must be set.

       TestingDirAuthVoteHSDirIsStrict 0|1
           If True (1), a node will never receive the HSDir flag unless it is specified in the
           TestingDirAuthVoteHSDir list, regardless of its uptime and DirPort.

           In order for this option to have any effect, TestingTorNetwork has to be set.

       TestingDirConnectionMaxStall N seconds|minutes
           Let a directory connection stall this long before expiring it. Changing this requires
           that TestingTorNetwork is set. (Default: 5 minutes)

       TestingEnableCellStatsEvent 0|1
           If this option is set, then Tor controllers may register for CELL_STATS events.
           Changing this requires that TestingTorNetwork is set. (Default: 0)

       TestingEnableConnBwEvent 0|1
           If this option is set, then Tor controllers may register for CONN_BW events. Changing
           this requires that TestingTorNetwork is set. (Default: 0)

       TestingLinkCertLifetime N seconds|minutes|hours|days|weeks|months
           Overrides the default lifetime for the certificates used to authenticate our X509 link
           cert with our ed25519 signing key. (Default: 2 days)

       TestingLinkKeySlop N seconds|minutes|hours

       TestingMinExitFlagThreshold N KBytes|MBytes|GBytes|TBytes|KBits|MBits|GBits|TBits
           Sets a lower-bound for assigning an exit flag when running as an authority on a
           testing network. Overrides the usual default lower bound of 4 KBytes. (Default: 0)

       TestingMinFastFlagThreshold N bytes|KBytes|MBytes|GBytes|TBytes|KBits|MBits|GBits|TBits
           Minimum value for the Fast flag. Overrides the ordinary minimum taken from the
           consensus when TestingTorNetwork is set. (Default: 0.)

       TestingMinTimeToReportBandwidth N seconds|minutes|hours
           Do not report our measurements for our maximum observed bandwidth for any time period
           that has lasted for less than this amount of time. Values over 1 day have no effect.
           (Default: 1 day)

       TestingServerConsensusDownloadInitialDelay N
           Initial delay in seconds for when servers should download consensuses. Changing this
           requires that TestingTorNetwork is set. (Default: 0)

       TestingServerDownloadInitialDelay N
           Initial delay in seconds for when servers should download things in general. Changing
           this requires that TestingTorNetwork is set. (Default: 0)

       TestingSigningKeySlop N seconds|minutes|hours
           How early before the official expiration of a an Ed25519 signing key do we replace it
           and issue a new key? (Default: 3 hours for link and auth; 1 day for signing.)

       TestingV3AuthInitialDistDelay N seconds|minutes|hours
           Like V3AuthDistDelay, but for initial voting interval before the first consensus has
           been created. Changing this requires that TestingTorNetwork is set. (Default: 5
           minutes)

       TestingV3AuthInitialVoteDelay N seconds|minutes|hours
           Like V3AuthVoteDelay, but for initial voting interval before the first consensus has
           been created. Changing this requires that TestingTorNetwork is set. (Default: 5
           minutes)

       TestingV3AuthInitialVotingInterval N seconds|minutes|hours
           Like V3AuthVotingInterval, but for initial voting interval before the first consensus
           has been created. Changing this requires that TestingTorNetwork is set. (Default: 30
           minutes)

       TestingV3AuthVotingStartOffset N seconds|minutes|hours
           Directory authorities offset voting start time by this much. Changing this requires
           that TestingTorNetwork is set. (Default: 0)

NON-PERSISTENT OPTIONS

       These options are not saved to the torrc file by the "SAVECONF" controller command. Other
       options of this type are documented in control-spec.txt, section 5.4. End-users should
       mostly ignore them.

       __ControlPort, __DirPort, __DNSPort, __ExtORPort, __NATDPort, __ORPort, __SocksPort,
       __TransPort
           These underscore-prefixed options are variants of the regular Port options. They
           behave the same, except they are not saved to the torrc file by the controller’s
           SAVECONF command.

SIGNALS

       Tor catches the following signals:

       SIGTERM
           Tor will catch this, clean up and sync to disk if necessary, and exit.

       SIGINT
           Tor clients behave as with SIGTERM; but Tor servers will do a controlled slow
           shutdown, closing listeners and waiting 30 seconds before exiting. (The delay can be
           configured with the ShutdownWaitLength config option.)

       SIGHUP
           The signal instructs Tor to reload its configuration (including closing and reopening
           logs), and kill and restart its helper processes if applicable.

       SIGUSR1
           Log statistics about current connections, past connections, and throughput.

       SIGUSR2
           Switch all logs to loglevel debug. You can go back to the old loglevels by sending a
           SIGHUP.

       SIGCHLD
           Tor receives this signal when one of its helper processes has exited, so it can clean
           up.

       SIGPIPE
           Tor catches this signal and ignores it.

       SIGXFSZ
           If this signal exists on your platform, Tor catches and ignores it.

FILES

       /etc/tor/torrc
           Default location of the configuration file.

       $HOME/.torrc
           Fallback location for torrc, if /etc/tor/torrc is not found.

       /var/lib/tor/
           The tor process stores keys and other data here.

       CacheDirectory/cached-certs
           Contains downloaded directory key certificates that are used to verify authenticity of
           documents generated by the Tor directory authorities.

       CacheDirectory/cached-consensus and/or cached-microdesc-consensus
           The most recent consensus network status document we’ve downloaded.

       CacheDirectory/cached-descriptors and cached-descriptors.new
           These files contain the downloaded router statuses. Some routers may appear more than
           once; if so, the most recently published descriptor is used. Lines beginning with
           @-signs are annotations that contain more information about a given router. The .new
           file is an append-only journal; when it gets too large, all entries are merged into a
           new cached-descriptors file.

       CacheDirectory/cached-extrainfo and cached-extrainfo.new
           Similar to cached-descriptors, but holds optionally-downloaded "extra-info" documents.
           Relays use these documents to send inessential information about statistics, bandwidth
           history, and network health to the authorities. They aren’t fetched by default. See
           DownloadExtraInfo for more information.

       CacheDirectory/cached-microdescs and cached-microdescs.new
           These files hold downloaded microdescriptors. Lines beginning with @-signs are
           annotations that contain more information about a given router. The .new file is an
           append-only journal; when it gets too large, all entries are merged into a new
           cached-microdescs file.

       DataDirectory/state
           Contains a set of persistent key-value mappings. These include:

           •   the current entry guards and their status.

           •   the current bandwidth accounting values.

           •   when the file was last written

           •   what version of Tor generated the state file

           •   a short history of bandwidth usage, as produced in the server descriptors.

       DataDirectory/sr-state
           Authority only. This file is used to record information about the current status of
           the shared-random-value voting state.

       CacheDirectory/diff-cache
           Directory cache only. Holds older consensuses and diffs from oldest to the most recent
           consensus of each type compressed in various ways. Each file contains a set of
           key-value arguments describing its contents, followed by a single NUL byte, followed
           by the main file contents.

       DataDirectory/bw_accounting
           This file is obsolete and the data is now stored in the state file instead. Used to
           track bandwidth accounting values (when the current period starts and ends; how much
           has been read and written so far this period).

       DataDirectory/control_auth_cookie
           This file can be used only when cookie authentication is enabled. Used for cookie
           authentication with the controller. Location can be overridden by the CookieAuthFile
           configuration option. Regenerated on startup. See control-spec.txt in torspec for
           details.

       DataDirectory/lock
           This file is used to prevent two Tor instances from using the same data directory. If
           access to this file is locked, data directory is already in use by Tor.

       DataDirectory/key-pinning-journal
           Used by authorities. A line-based file that records mappings between RSA1024 and
           Ed25519 identity keys. Authorities enforce these mappings, so that once a relay has
           picked an Ed25519 key, stealing or factoring the RSA1024 key will no longer let an
           attacker impersonate the relay.

       KeyDirectory/authority_identity_key
           A v3 directory authority’s master identity key, used to authenticate its signing key.
           Tor doesn’t use this while it’s running. The tor-gencert program uses this. If you’re
           running an authority, you should keep this key offline, and not put it in this file.

       KeyDirectory/authority_certificate
           Only directory authorities use this file. A v3 directory authority’s certificate which
           authenticates the authority’s current vote- and consensus-signing key using its master
           identity key.

       KeyDirectory/authority_signing_key
           Only directory authorities use this file. A v3 directory authority’s signing key that
           is used to sign votes and consensuses. Corresponds to the authority_certificate cert.

       KeyDirectory/legacy_certificate
           As authority_certificate; used only when V3AuthUseLegacyKey is set. See documentation
           for V3AuthUseLegacyKey.

       KeyDirectory/legacy_signing_key
           As authority_signing_key: used only when V3AuthUseLegacyKey is set. See documentation
           for V3AuthUseLegacyKey.

       KeyDirectory/secret_id_key
           A relay’s RSA1024 permanent identity key, including private and public components.
           Used to sign router descriptors, and to sign other keys.

       KeyDirectory/ed25519_master_id_public_key
           The public part of a relay’s Ed25519 permanent identity key.

       KeyDirectory/ed25519_master_id_secret_key
           The private part of a relay’s Ed25519 permanent identity key. This key is used to sign
           the medium-term ed25519 signing key. This file can be kept offline or encrypted. If
           so, Tor will not be able to generate new signing keys automatically; you’ll need to
           use tor --keygen to do so.

       KeyDirectory/ed25519_signing_secret_key
           The private and public components of a relay’s medium-term Ed25519 signing key. This
           key is authenticated by the Ed25519 master key, which in turn authenticates other keys
           (and router descriptors).

       KeyDirectory/ed25519_signing_cert
           The certificate which authenticates "ed25519_signing_secret_key" as having been signed
           by the Ed25519 master key.

       KeyDirectory/secret_onion_key and secret_onion_key.old
           A relay’s RSA1024 short-term onion key. Used to decrypt old-style ("TAP") circuit
           extension requests. The .old file holds the previously generated key, which the relay
           uses to handle any requests that were made by clients that didn’t have the new one.

       KeyDirectory/secret_onion_key_ntor and secret_onion_key_ntor.old
           A relay’s Curve25519 short-term onion key. Used to handle modern ("ntor") circuit
           extension requests. The .old file holds the previously generated key, which the relay
           uses to handle any requests that were made by clients that didn’t have the new one.

       DataDirectory/fingerprint
           Only used by servers. Contains the fingerprint of the server’s RSA identity key.

       DataDirectory/fingerprint-ed25519
           Only used by servers. Contains the fingerprint of the server’s ed25519 identity key.

       DataDirectory/hashed-fingerprint
           Only used by bridges. Contains the hashed fingerprint of the bridge’s identity key.
           (That is, the hash of the hash of the identity key.)

       DataDirectory/approved-routers
           Only used by authoritative directory servers. Each line lists a status and an
           identity, separated by whitespace. Identities can be hex-encoded RSA fingerprints, or
           base-64 encoded ed25519 public keys. See the fingerprint file in a tor relay’s
           DataDirectory for an example fingerprint line. If the status is !reject, then
           descriptors from the given identity are rejected by this server. If it is !invalid
           then descriptors are accepted, but marked in the vote as not valid. If it is !badexit,
           then the authority will vote for it to receive a BadExit flag, indicating that it
           shouldn’t be used for traffic leaving the Tor network. If it is !middleonly, then the
           authority will vote for it to only be used in the middle of circuits. (Neither
           rejected nor invalid relays are included in the consensus.)

       DataDirectory/v3-status-votes
           Only for v3 authoritative directory servers. This file contains status votes from all
           the authoritative directory servers.

       CacheDirectory/unverified-consensus
           Contains a network consensus document that has been downloaded, but which we didn’t
           have the right certificates to check yet.

       CacheDirectory/unverified-microdesc-consensus
           Contains a microdescriptor-flavored network consensus document that has been
           downloaded, but which we didn’t have the right certificates to check yet.

       DataDirectory/unparseable-desc
           Onion server descriptors that Tor was unable to parse are dumped to this file. Only
           used for debugging.

       DataDirectory/router-stability
           Only used by authoritative directory servers. Tracks measurements for router
           mean-time-between-failures so that authorities have a fair idea of how to set their
           Stable flags.

       DataDirectory/stats/dirreq-stats
           Only used by directory caches and authorities. This file is used to collect directory
           request statistics.

       DataDirectory/stats/entry-stats
           Only used by servers. This file is used to collect incoming connection statistics by
           Tor entry nodes.

       DataDirectory/stats/bridge-stats
           Only used by servers. This file is used to collect incoming connection statistics by
           Tor bridges.

       DataDirectory/stats/exit-stats
           Only used by servers. This file is used to collect outgoing connection statistics by
           Tor exit routers.

       DataDirectory/stats/buffer-stats
           Only used by servers. This file is used to collect buffer usage history.

       DataDirectory/stats/conn-stats
           Only used by servers. This file is used to collect approximate connection history
           (number of active connections over time).

       DataDirectory/stats/hidserv-stats
           Only used by servers. This file is used to collect approximate counts of what fraction
           of the traffic is hidden service rendezvous traffic, and approximately how many hidden
           services the relay has seen.

       DataDirectory/networkstatus-bridges`
           Only used by authoritative bridge directories. Contains information about bridges that
           have self-reported themselves to the bridge authority.

       HiddenServiceDirectory/hostname
           The <base32-encoded-fingerprint>.onion domain name for this hidden service. If the
           hidden service is restricted to authorized clients only, this file also contains
           authorization data for all clients.

               Note
               The clients will ignore any extra subdomains prepended to a hidden service
               hostname. Supposing you have "xyz.onion" as your hostname, you can ask your
               clients to connect to "www.xyz.onion" or "irc.xyz.onion" for virtual-hosting
               purposes.

       HiddenServiceDirectory/private_key
           Contains the private key for this hidden service.

       HiddenServiceDirectory/client_keys
           Contains authorization data for a hidden service that is only accessible by authorized
           clients.

       HiddenServiceDirectory/onion_service_non_anonymous
           This file is present if a hidden service key was created in
           HiddenServiceNonAnonymousMode.

SEE ALSO

       For more information, refer to the Tor Project website at https://www.torproject.org/ and
       the Tor specifications at https://spec.torproject.org. See also torsocks(1) and torify(1).

BUGS

       Because Tor is still under development, there may be plenty of bugs. Please report them at
       https://bugs.torproject.org/.