Provided by: strongswan-starter_5.9.11-1ubuntu1.1_amd64 bug

NAME

       ipsec.secrets - secrets for IKE/IPsec authentication

DESCRIPTION

       The file ipsec.secrets holds a table of secrets.  These secrets are used by the strongSwan
       Internet Key Exchange (IKE) daemons pluto (IKEv1) and charon (IKEv2) to authenticate other
       hosts.

       It  is vital that these secrets be protected.  The file should be owned by the super-user,
       and its permissions should be set to block all access by others.

       The file is a sequence of entries and include directives.  Here is an example.

              # /etc/ipsec.secrets - strongSwan IPsec secrets file
              192.168.0.1 %any : PSK "v+NkxY9LLZvwj4qCC2o/gGrWDF2d21jL"

              : RSA moonKey.pem

              alice@strongswan.org : EAP "x3.dEhgN"

              carol : XAUTH "4iChxLT3"

              dave  : XAUTH "ryftzG4A"

              # get secrets from other files
              include ipsec.*.secrets

       Each entry in the file is a list of optional ID selectors, followed by a secret.  The  two
       parts  are  separated  by a colon (:) that is surrounded by whitespace. If no ID selectors
       are specified the line must start with a colon.

       A selector is an IP address, a Fully Qualified  Domain  Name,  user@FQDN,  %any  or  %any6
       (other kinds may come).

       Matching IDs with selectors is fairly straightforward: they have to be equal.  In the case
       of a ``Road Warrior'' connection, if an equal match is not found for the Peer's ID, and it
       is  in  the  form of an IP address, a selector of %any will match the peer's IP address if
       IPV4 and %any6 will match a the peer's  IP  address  if  IPV6.   Currently,  the  obsolete
       notation 0.0.0.0 may be used in place of %any.

       In  IKEv1  an  additional  complexity  arises  in  the case of authentication by preshared
       secret: the responder will need to look up the secret before the  Peer's  ID  payload  has
       been decoded, so the ID used will be the IP address.

       To  authenticate  a connection between two hosts, the entry that most specifically matches
       the host and peer IDs is used.  An entry with no selectors will match any host  and  peer.
       More  specifically,  an entry with one selector will match a host and peer if the selector
       matches the host's ID (the peer isn't considered).  Still more specifically, an entry with
       multiple selectors will match a host and peer if the host ID and peer ID each match one of
       the selectors.  If the key is for an asymmetric authentication technique  (i.e.  a  public
       key  system such as RSA), an entry with multiple selectors will match a host and peer even
       if only the host ID matches a  selector  (it  is  presumed  that  the  selectors  are  all
       identities of the host).  It is acceptable for two entries to be the best match as long as
       they agree about the secret or private key.

       Authentication by preshared secret requires that both systems find  the  identical  secret
       (the  secret  is not actually transmitted by the IKE protocol).  If both the host and peer
       appear in the selector list, the same entry will be suitable for both systems so  verbatim
       copying  between systems can be used.  This naturally extends to larger groups sharing the
       same secret.  Thus multiple-selector entries are best for PSK authentication.

       Authentication by public key systems such as RSA requires that  each  host  have  its  own
       private  key.   A  host  could  reasonably  use  a  different  private  keys for different
       interfaces and for different peers.  But it would not be normal to share  entries  between
       systems.   Thus  thus  no-selector  and  one-selector  forms of entry often make sense for
       public key authentication.

       The key part of an entry must start  with  a  token  indicating  the  kind  of  key.   The
       following types of secrets are currently supported:

       PSK    defines a pre-shared key

       RSA    defines an RSA private key

       ECDSA  defines an ECDSA private key

       P12    defines a PKCS#12 container

       EAP    defines EAP credentials

       NTLM   defines NTLM credentials

       XAUTH  defines XAUTH credentials

       PIN    defines a smartcard PIN

       Details on each type of secret are given below.

       Whitespace  at the end of a line is ignored. At the start of a line or after whitespace, #
       and the following text up to the end of the line is treated as a comment.

       An include directive causes the  contents  of  the  named  file  to  be  processed  before
       continuing with the current file.  The filename is subject to ``globbing'' as in sh(1), so
       every file with a matching name is processed.  Includes may be nested to  a  modest  depth
       (10,  currently).   If  the  filename doesn't start with a /, the directory containing the
       current file is prepended to the name.  The include directive is a line that  starts  with
       the word include, followed by whitespace, followed by the filename (which must not contain
       whitespace).

   TYPES OF SECRETS
       [ <selectors> ] : PSK <secret>
              A preshared secret is most conveniently represented as a  sequence  of  characters,
              which  is  delimited  by  double-quote characters (").  The sequence cannot contain
              newline or double-quote characters.
              Alternatively, preshared secrets  can  be  represented  as  hexadecimal  or  Base64
              encoded  binary  values.  A  character sequence beginning with 0x is interpreted as
              sequence of hexadecimal digits.  Similarly, a character sequence beginning with  0s
              is interpreted as Base64 encoded binary data.

       : RSA <private key file> [ <passphrase> | %prompt ]
       : ECDSA <private key file> [ <passphrase> | %prompt ]
              For   the   private   key   file   both   absolute   paths  or  paths  relative  to
              /etc/ipsec.d/private are accepted. If  the  private  key  file  is  encrypted,  the
              passphrase  must be defined. Instead of a passphrase %prompt can be used which then
              causes the daemon to ask the user for the  password  whenever  it  is  required  to
              decrypt the key.

       : P12 <PKCS#12 file> [ <passphrase> | %prompt ]
              For  the PKCS#12 file both absolute paths or paths relative to /etc/ipsec.d/private
              are accepted. If the container  is  encrypted,  the  passphrase  must  be  defined.
              Instead of a passphrase %prompt can be used which then causes the daemon to ask the
              user for the password whenever it is required to  decrypt  the  container.  Private
              keys,  client  and  CA certificates are extracted from the container. To use such a
              client certificate in a connection set  leftid  to  one  of  the  subjects  of  the
              certificate.

       <user id> : EAP <secret>
              The format of secret is the same as that of PSK secrets.
              EAP secrets are IKEv2 only.

       <user id> : NTLM <secret>
              The  format  of secret is the same as that of PSK secrets, but the secret is stored
              as NTLM hash, which is MD4(UTF-16LE(secret)), instead of as cleartext.
              NTLM secrets can only be used with the eap-mschapv2 plugin.

       [ <servername> ] <username> : XAUTH <password>
              The format of password is the same as that of PSK secrets.  XAUTH secrets are IKEv1
              only.

       : PIN %smartcard[<slot nr>[@<module>]]:<keyid> <pin code> | %prompt
              The  smartcard selector always requires a keyid to uniquely select the correct key.
              The slot number defines the slot on the token, the module name refers to the module
              name defined in strongswan.conf(5).  Instead of specifying the pin code statically,
              %prompt can be specified, which causes the daemon to ask the user for the pin code.

FILES

       /etc/ipsec.secrets

SEE ALSO

       ipsec.conf(5), strongswan.conf(5), ipsec(8)

HISTORY

       Originally written for the FreeS/WAN project by D. Hugh Redelmeier.  Updated and  extended
       for  the  strongSwan  project  <http://www.strongswan.org>  by  Tobias Brunner and Andreas
       Steffen.

BUGS

       If an ID is 0.0.0.0, it will match %any; if it is 0::0, it will match %any6.