Provided by: libhtml-form-perl_6.11-1_all bug

NAME

       HTML::Form - Class that represents an HTML form element

VERSION

       version 6.11

SYNOPSIS

        use HTML::Form;
        $form = HTML::Form->parse($html, $base_uri);
        $form->value(query => "Perl");

        use LWP::UserAgent;
        $ua = LWP::UserAgent->new;
        $response = $ua->request($form->click);

DESCRIPTION

       Objects of the "HTML::Form" class represents a single HTML "<form> ... </form>" instance.
       A form consists of a sequence of inputs that usually have names, and which can take on
       various values.  The state of a form can be tweaked and it can then be asked to provide
       HTTP::Request objects that can be passed to the request() method of LWP::UserAgent.

       The following methods are available:

       @forms = HTML::Form->parse( $html_document, $base_uri )
       @forms = HTML::Form->parse( $html_document, base => $base_uri, %opt )
       @forms = HTML::Form->parse( $response, %opt )
           The parse() class method will parse an HTML document and build up "HTML::Form" objects
           for each <form> element found.  If called in scalar context only returns the first
           <form>.  Returns an empty list if there are no forms to be found.

           The required arguments is the HTML document to parse ($html_document) and the URI used
           to retrieve the document ($base_uri).  The base URI is needed to resolve relative
           action URIs.  The provided HTML document should be a Unicode string (or US-ASCII).

           By default HTML::Form assumes that the original document was UTF-8 encoded and thus
           encode forms that don't specify an explicit accept-charset as UTF-8.  The charset
           assumed can be overridden by providing the "charset" option to parse().  It's a good
           idea to be explicit about this parameter as well, thus the recommended simplest
           invocation becomes:

               my @forms = HTML::Form->parse(
                   Encode::decode($encoding, $html_document_bytes),
                   base => $base_uri,
                   charset => $encoding,
               );

           If the document was retrieved with LWP then the response object provide methods to
           obtain a proper value for "base" and "charset":

               my $ua = LWP::UserAgent->new;
               my $response = $ua->get("http://www.example.com/form.html");
               my @forms = HTML::Form->parse($response->decoded_content,
                   base => $response->base,
                   charset => $response->content_charset,
               );

           In fact, the parse() method can parse from an HTTP::Response object directly, so the
           example above can be more conveniently written as:

               my $ua = LWP::UserAgent->new;
               my $response = $ua->get("http://www.example.com/form.html");
               my @forms = HTML::Form->parse($response);

           Note that any object that implements a decoded_content(), base() and content_charset()
           method with similar behaviour as HTTP::Response will do.

           Additional options might be passed in to control how the parse method behaves.  The
           following are all the options currently recognized:

           "base => $uri"
               This is the URI used to retrieve the original document.  This option is not
               optional ;-)

           "charset => $str"
               Specify what charset the original document was encoded in.  This is used as the
               default for accept_charset.  If not provided this defaults to "UTF-8".

           "verbose => $bool"
               Warn (print messages to STDERR) about any bad HTML form constructs found.  You can
               trap these with $SIG{__WARN__}.  The default is not to issue warnings.

           "strict => $bool"
               Initialize any form objects with the given strict attribute.  If the strict is
               turned on the methods that change values of the form will croak if you try to set
               illegal values or modify readonly fields.  The default is not to be strict.

       $form->push_input( $type, \%attr, $verbose )
           This method adds additional inputs to the form.  The first argument is the type of
           input (e.g. hidden, option, etc.).  The second argument is a reference to a hash of
           the input attributes.  The third argument is optional, and will issue warnings about
           unknown input types.

           Example:

               push_input( 'hidden', {
                   name  => 'NewFormElement',
                   id    => 'NewFormElementId',
                   value => 'some value',
               });

       $method = $form->method
       $form->method( $new_method )
           This method is gets/sets the method name used for the HTTP::Request generated.  It is
           a string like "GET" or "POST".

       $action = $form->action
       $form->action( $new_action )
           This method gets/sets the URI which we want to apply the request method to.

       $enctype = $form->enctype
       $form->enctype( $new_enctype )
           This method gets/sets the encoding type for the form data.  It is a string like
           "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" or "multipart/form-data".

       $accept = $form->accept_charset
       $form->accept_charset( $new_accept )
           This method gets/sets the list of charset encodings that the server processing the
           form accepts. Current implementation supports only one-element lists.  Default value
           is "UNKNOWN" which we interpret as a request to use document charset as specified by
           the 'charset' parameter of the parse() method.

       $value = $form->attr( $name )
       $form->attr( $name, $new_value )
           This method give access to the original HTML attributes of the <form> tag.  The $name
           should always be passed in lower case.

           Example:

              @f = HTML::Form->parse( $html, $foo );
              @f = grep $_->attr("id") eq "foo", @f;
              die "No form named 'foo' found" unless @f;
              $foo = shift @f;

       $bool = $form->strict
       $form->strict( $bool )
           Gets/sets the strict attribute of a form.  If the strict is turned on the methods that
           change values of the form will croak if you try to set illegal values or modify
           readonly fields.  The default is not to be strict.

       @inputs = $form->inputs
           This method returns the list of inputs in the form.  If called in scalar context it
           returns the number of inputs contained in the form.  See "INPUTS" for what methods are
           available for the input objects returned.

       $input = $form->find_input( $selector )
       $input = $form->find_input( $selector, $type )
       $input = $form->find_input( $selector, $type, $index )
       @inputs = $form->find_input( $selector )
       @inputs = $form->find_input( $selector, $type )
           This method is used to locate specific inputs within the form.  All inputs that match
           the arguments given are returned.  In scalar context only the first is returned, or
           "undef" if none match.

           If $selector is not "undef", then the input's name, id or class attribute must match.
           A selector prefixed with '#' must match the id attribute of the input.  A selector
           prefixed with '.' matches the class attribute. A selector prefixed with '^' or with no
           prefix matches the name attribute.

               my @by_id         = $form->find_input( '#some-id' );
               my @by_class      = $form->find_input( '.some-class' );
               my @by_name       = $form->find_input( '^some-name' );
               my @also_by_name  = $form->find_input( 'some-name' );

           If you want to find an input that has no name at all, pass in a reference to "undef".

               my @nameless_inputs = $form->find_input( \undef );

           If $type is not "undef", then the input must have the specified type.  The following
           type names are used: "text", "password", "hidden", "textarea", "file", "image",
           "submit", "radio", "checkbox" and "option".

           The $index is the sequence number of the input matched where 1 is the first.  If
           combined with $selector and/or $type, then it selects the nth input with the given
           name and/or type.

       $value = $form->value( $selector )
       $form->value( $selector, $new_value )
           The value() method can be used to get/set the value of some input.  If strict is
           enabled and no input has the indicated name, then this method will croak.

           If multiple inputs have the same name, only the first one will be affected.

           The call:

               $form->value('foo')

           is basically a short-hand for:

               $form->find_input('foo')->value;

       @names = $form->param
       @values = $form->param( $name )
       $form->param( $name, $value, ... )
       $form->param( $name, \@values )
           Alternative interface to examining and setting the values of the form.

           If called without arguments then it returns the names of all the inputs in the form.
           The names will not repeat even if multiple inputs have the same name.  In scalar
           context the number of different names is returned.

           If called with a single argument then it returns the value or values of inputs with
           the given name.  If called in scalar context only the first value is returned.  If no
           input exists with the given name, then "undef" is returned.

           If called with 2 or more arguments then it will set values of the named inputs.  This
           form will croak if no inputs have the given name or if any of the values provided does
           not fit.  Values can also be provided as a reference to an array.  This form will
           allow unsetting all values with the given name as well.

           This interface resembles that of the param() function of the CGI module.

       $form->try_others( \&callback )
           This method will iterate over all permutations of unvisited enumerated values
           (<select>, <radio>, <checkbox>) and invoke the callback for each.  The callback is
           passed the $form as argument.  The return value from the callback is ignored and the
           try_others() method itself does not return anything.

       $request = $form->make_request
           Will return an HTTP::Request object that reflects the current setting of the form.
           You might want to use the click() method instead.

       $request = $form->click
       $request = $form->click( $selector )
       $request = $form->click( $x, $y )
       $request = $form->click( $selector, $x, $y )
           Will "click" on the first clickable input (which will be of type "submit" or "image").
           The result of clicking is an HTTP::Request object that can then be passed to
           LWP::UserAgent if you want to obtain the server response.

           If a $selector is specified, we will click on the first clickable input matching the
           selector, and the method will croak if no matching clickable input is found.  If
           $selector is not specified, then it is ok if the form contains no clickable inputs.
           In this case the click() method returns the same request as the make_request() method
           would do.  See description of the find_input() method above for how the $selector is
           specified.

           If there are multiple clickable inputs with the same name, then there is no way to get
           the click() method of the "HTML::Form" to click on any but the first.  If you need
           this you would have to locate the input with find_input() and invoke the click()
           method on the given input yourself.

           A click coordinate pair can also be provided, but this only makes a difference if you
           clicked on an image.  The default coordinate is (1,1).  The upper-left corner of the
           image is (0,0), but some badly coded CGI scripts are known to not recognize this.
           Therefore (1,1) was selected as a safer default.

       @kw = $form->form
           Returns the current setting as a sequence of key/value pairs.  Note that keys might be
           repeated, which means that some values might be lost if the return values are assigned
           to a hash.

           In scalar context this method returns the number of key/value pairs generated.

       $form->dump
           Returns a textual representation of current state of the form.  Mainly useful for
           debugging.  If called in void context, then the dump is printed on STDERR.

NAME

       HTML::Form - Class that represents an HTML form element

INPUTS

       An "HTML::Form" object contains a sequence of inputs.  References to the inputs can be
       obtained with the $form->inputs or $form->find_input methods.

       Note that there is not a one-to-one correspondence between input objects and <input>
       elements in the HTML document.  An input object basically represents a name/value pair, so
       when multiple HTML elements contribute to the same name/value pair in the submitted form
       they are combined.

       The input elements that are mapped one-to-one are "text", "textarea", "password",
       "hidden", "file", "image", "submit" and "checkbox".  For the "radio" and "option" inputs
       the story is not as simple: All <input type="radio"> elements with the same name will
       contribute to the same input radio object.  The number of radio input objects will be the
       same as the number of distinct names used for the <input type="radio"> elements.  For a
       <select> element without the "multiple" attribute there will be one input object of type
       of "option".  For a <select multiple> element there will be one input object for each
       contained <option> element.  Each one of these option objects will have the same name.

       The following methods are available for the input objects:

       $input->type
           Returns the type of this input.  The type is one of the following strings: "text",
           "password", "hidden", "textarea", "file", "image", "submit", "radio", "checkbox" or
           "option".

       $name = $input->name
       $input->name( $new_name )
           This method can be used to get/set the current name of the input.

       $input->id
       $input->class
           These methods can be used to get/set the current id or class attribute for the input.

       $input->selected( $selector )
           Returns TRUE if the given selector matched the input.  See the description of the
           find_input() method above for a description of the selector syntax.

       $value = $input->value
       $input->value( $new_value )
           This method can be used to get/set the current value of an input.

           If strict is enabled and the input only can take an enumerated list of values, then it
           is an error to try to set it to something else and the method will croak if you try.

           You will also be able to set the value of read-only inputs, but a warning will be
           generated if running under "perl -w".

       $autocomplete = $input->autocomplete
       $input->autocomplete( $new_autocomplete )
           This method can be used to get/set the current value (if any) of "autcomplete" for the
           input.

       $input->possible_values
           Returns a list of all values that an input can take.  For inputs that do not have
           discrete values, this returns an empty list.

       $input->other_possible_values
           Returns a list of all values not tried yet.

       $input->value_names
           For some inputs the values can have names that are different from the values
           themselves.  The number of names returned by this method will match the number of
           values reported by $input->possible_values.

           When setting values using the value() method it is also possible to use the value
           names in place of the value itself.

       $bool = $input->readonly
       $input->readonly( $bool )
           This method is used to get/set the value of the readonly attribute.  You are allowed
           to modify the value of readonly inputs, but setting the value will generate some noise
           when warnings are enabled.  Hidden fields always start out readonly.

       $bool = $input->disabled
       $input->disabled( $bool )
           This method is used to get/set the value of the disabled attribute.  Disabled inputs
           do not contribute any key/value pairs for the form value.

       $input->form_name_value
           Returns a (possible empty) list of key/value pairs that should be incorporated in the
           form value from this input.

       $input->check
           Some input types represent toggles that can be turned on/off.  This includes
           "checkbox" and "option" inputs.  Calling this method turns this input on without
           having to know the value name.  If the input is already on, then nothing happens.

           This has the same effect as:

               $input->value($input->possible_values[1]);

           The input can be turned off with:

               $input->value(undef);

       $input->click($form, $x, $y)
           Some input types (currently "submit" buttons and "images") can be clicked to submit
           the form.  The click() method returns the corresponding HTTP::Request object.

       If the input is of type "file", then it has these additional methods:

       $input->file
           This is just an alias for the value() method.  It sets the filename to read data from.

           For security reasons this field will never be initialized from the parsing of a form.
           This prevents the server from triggering stealth uploads of arbitrary files from the
           client machine.

       $filename = $input->filename
       $input->filename( $new_filename )
           This get/sets the filename reported to the server during file upload.  This attribute
           defaults to the value reported by the file() method.

       $content = $input->content
       $input->content( $new_content )
           This get/sets the file content provided to the server during file upload.  This method
           can be used if you do not want the content to be read from an actual file.

       @headers = $input->headers
       input->headers($key => $value, .... )
           This get/set additional header fields describing the file uploaded.  This can for
           instance be used to set the "Content-Type" reported for the file.

SEE ALSO

       LWP, LWP::UserAgent, HTML::Parser

AUTHOR

       Gisle Aas <gisle@activestate.com>

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

       This software is copyright (c) 1998 by Gisle Aas.

       This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as
       the Perl 5 programming language system itself.