Provided by: librgpio-dev_0.2.0.0-0ubuntu3_amd64 bug

NAME

       rgpio - A C library to manipulate a remote SBC's GPIO.

SYNOPSIS

       #include <rgpio.h>

       gcc -Wall -o prog prog.c -lrgpio

       ./prog

DESCRIPTION

       rgpio is a C library which allows remote control of the GPIO and other functions of Linux
       SBCs running the rgpiod daemon.

       The rgpiod daemon must be running on the SBCs you wish to control.

   Features
       o reading and writing GPIO singly and in groups

       o software timed PWM and waves

       o GPIO callbacks

       o pipe notification of GPIO alerts

       o I2C wrapper

       o SPI wrapper

       o serial link wrapper

       o simple file handling

       o creating and running scripts on the rgpiod daemon

       o a simple interface to start and stop new threads

   Usage
       Include <rgpio.h> in your source files.

       Assuming your source is in prog.c use the following command to build

       gcc -Wall -o prog prog.c -lrgpio

       to run make sure the rgpiod daemon is running

       rgpiod&

        ./prog

       For examples see the lg archive file.

   Notes
       All the functions which return an int return < 0 on error

OVERVIEW

   ESSENTIAL
       rgpiod_start               Connects to a rgpiod daemon
       rgpiod_stop                Disconnects from a rgpiod daemon

   FILES
       file_open                  Opens a file
       file_close                 Closes a file

       file_read                  Reads bytes from a file
       file_write                 Writes bytes to a file

       file_seek                  Seeks to a position within a file

       file_list                  List files which match a pattern

   GPIO
       gpiochip_open              Opens a gpiochip device
       gpiochip_close             Closes a gpiochip device

       gpio_get_chip_info         Gets gpiochip information
       gpio_get_line_info         Gets gpiochip line information
       gpio_get_mode              Gets the mode of a GPIO

       gpio_claim_input           Claims a GPIO for input
       gpio_claim_output          Claims a GPIO for output
       gpio_claim_alert           Claims a GPIO for alerts
       gpio_free                  Frees a GPIO

       group_claim_input          Claims a group of GPIO for inputs
       group_claim_output         Claims a group of GPIO for outputs
       group_free                 Frees a group of GPIO

       gpio_read                  Reads a GPIO
       gpio_write                 Writes a GPIO

       group_read                 Reads a group of GPIO
       group_write                Writes a group of GPIO

       tx_pulse                   Starts pulses on a GPIO
       tx_pwm                     Starts PWM on a GPIO
       tx_servo                   Starts servo pulses on a GPIO.
       tx_wave                    Starts a wave on a group of GPIO
       tx_busy                    See if tx is active on a GPIO or group
       tx_room                    See if more room for tx on a GPIO or group

       gpio_set_debounce_time     Sets the debounce time for a GPIO
       gpio_set_watchdog_time     Sets the watchdog time for a GPIO

       callback                   Starts a GPIO callback
       callback_cancel            Stops a GPIO callback

   I2C
       i2c_open                   Opens an I2C device
       i2c_close                  Closes an I2C device

       i2c_write_quick            smbus write quick

       i2c_read_byte              smbus read byte
       i2c_write_byte             smbus write byte

       i2c_read_byte_data         smbus read byte data
       i2c_write_byte_data        smbus write byte data

       i2c_read_word_data         smbus read word data
       i2c_write_word_data        smbus write word data

       i2c_read_block_data        smbus read block data
       i2c_write_block_data       smbus write block data

       i2c_read_i2c_block_data    smbus read I2C block data
       i2c_write_i2c_block_data   smbus write I2C block data

       i2c_read_device            Reads the raw I2C device
       i2c_write_device           Writes the raw I2C device

       i2c_process_call           smbus process call
       i2c_block_process_call     smbus block process call

       i2c_zip                    Performs multiple I2C transactions

   NOTIFICATIONS
       notify_open                Request a notification handle
       notify_close               Close a notification
       notify_pause               Pause notifications
       notify_resume              Start notifications for selected GPIO

   SCRIPTS
       script_store               Store a script
       script_run                 Run a stored script
       script_update              Set a scripts parameters
       script_status              Get script status and parameters
       script_stop                Stop a running script
       script_delete              Delete a stored script

   SERIAL
       serial_open                Opens a serial device
       serial_close               Closes a serial device

       serial_read_byte           Reads a byte from a serial device
       serial_write_byte          Writes a byte to a serial device

       serial_read                Reads bytes from a serial device
       serial_write               Writes bytes to a serial device

       serial_data_available      Returns number of bytes ready to be read

   SHELL
       shell                      Executes a shell command

   SPI
       spi_open                   Opens a SPI device
       spi_close                  Closes a SPI device

       spi_read                   Reads bytes from a SPI device
       spi_write                  Writes bytes to a SPI device
       spi_xfer                   Transfers bytes with a SPI device

   THREADS
       thread_start               Start a new thread
       thread_stop                Stop a previously started thread

   UTILITIES
       lgu_get_sbc_name           Get the SBC name

       lgu_get_internal           Get a SBC configuration value
       lgu_set_internal           Set a SBC configuration value

       lgu_time                   Returns the number of seconds since the epoch
       lgu_timestamp              Returns the number of nanoseconds since the epoch

       lgu_sleep                  Sleeps for a number of seconds

       lgu_set_user               Set the user (and associated permissions)

       lgu_set_share_id           Set the share id for a resource
       lgu_use_share_id           Use this share id when asking for a resource

       lgu_rgpio_version          Get the rgpio library version
       lgu_error_text             Get the error text for an error code

FUNCTIONS

       int rgpiod_start(const char *addrStr, const char *portStr)

           Connect to the rgpiod daemon.  Reserving command and notification streams.

           addrStr: specifies the host or IP address of the SBC running the
                    rgpiod daemon.  It may be NULL in which case localhost
                    is used unless overridden by the LG_ADDR environment
                    variable.

           portStr: specifies the port address used by the SBC running the
                    rgpiod daemon.  It may be NULL in which case "8889"
                    is used unless overridden by the LG_PORT environment
                    variable.

           If OK returns a sbc (>= 0).

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           This sbc value is passed to the other functions to specify the SBC to be used.

           If the LG_USER environment variable exists that user will be "logged in" using
           lgu_set_user.  This only has an effect if the rgpiod daemon is running with access
           control enabled.

       void rgpiod_stop(int sbc)

           Terminates the connection to a rgpiod daemon and frees resources used by the library.

           sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).

       int file_open(int sbc, const char *file, int mode)

           This function returns a handle to a file opened in a specified mode.

           This is a privileged command.  See permits.

            sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           file: the file to open.
           mode: the file open mode.

           If OK returns a handle (>= 0).

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           File

           A file may only be opened if permission is granted by an entry in the [files] section
           of the permits file.  This is intended to allow remote access to files in a controlled
           manner.

           Mode

           The mode may have the following values.

           Macro           Value   Meaning
           LG_FILE_READ      1     open file for reading
           LG_FILE_WRITE     2     open file for writing
           LG_FILE_RW        3     open file for reading and writing

           The following values may be or'd into the mode.

           Macro            Value   Meaning
           LG_FILE_APPEND   4       Writes append data to the end of the file
           LG_FILE_CREATE   8       The file is created if it doesn't exist
           LG_FILE_TRUNC    16      The file is truncated

           Newly created files are owned by the user who launched the daemon with permissions
           owner read and write.

           Example

           #include <stdio.h>
           #include <rgpio.h>

           int main(int argc, char *argv[])
           {
              int sbc, handle, c;
              char buf[60000];

              sbc = rgpiod_start(NULL, NULL);

              if (sbc < 0) return 1;

              handle = file_open(sbc, "/ram/lg.c", LG_FILE_READ);

              if (handle >= 0)
              {
                 while ((c=file_read(sbc, handle, buf, sizeof(buf)-1)))
                 {
                    buf[c] = 0;
                    printf("%s", buf);
                 }

                 file_close(sbc, handle);
              }

              rgpiod_stop(sbc);
           }

       int file_close(int sbc, int handle)

           This function closes the file.

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by file_open).

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           Example

           file_close(sbc, handle);

       int file_write(int sbc, int handle, const char *buf, int count)

           This function writes count bytes from buf to the the file.

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by file_open).
              buf: the array of bytes to write.
            count: the number of bytes to write.

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           Example

           if (file_write(sbc, handle, buf, 100) == 0)
           {
              // file written okay
           }
           else
           {
              // error
           }

       int file_read(int sbc, int handle, char *buf, int count)

           This function reads up to count bytes from the the file.

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by file_open).
              buf: an array to receive the read data.
            count: the maximum number of bytes to read.

           If OK returns the count of bytes read and updates buf.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           Example

              bytes = file_read(sbc, handle, buf, sizeof(buf));

              if (bytes >= 0)
              {
                 // process read data
              }

       int file_seek(int sbc, int handle, int32_t seekOffset, int seekFrom)

           This function seeks to a position within the file.

                  sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
               handle: >= 0 (as returned by file_open).
           seekOffset: the number of bytes to move.  Positive offsets
                       move forward, negative offsets backwards.
             seekFrom: one of LG_FROM_START (0), LG_FROM_CURRENT (1),
                       or LG_FROM_END (2).

           If OK returns the new file position.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           Example

           file_seek(sbc, handle, 123, LG_FROM_START); // Start plus 123

           size = file_seek(sbc, handle, 0, LG_FROM_END); // End, return size

           pos = file_seek(sbc, handle, 0, LG_FROM_CURRENT); // Current position

       int file_list(int sbc, const char *fpat, char *buf, int count)

           This function returns a list of files which match a pattern.

             sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
            fpat: file pattern to match.
             buf: an array to receive the matching file names.
           count: the maximum number of bytes to read.

           If OK returns the count of bytes read and updates buf with the matching filenames (the
           filenames are separated by newline characters).

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           Example

           #include <stdio.h>
           #include <rgpio.h>

           int main(int argc, char *argv[])
           {
              int sbc, handle, c;
              char buf[60000];

              sbc = rgpiod_start(NULL, NULL);

              if (sbc < 0) return 1;

              c = file_list(sbc, "/ram/p*.c", buf, sizeof(buf));

              if (c >= 0)
              {
                 buf[c] = 0;
                 printf("%s", buf);
              }

              rgpiod_stop(sbc);
           }

       int gpiochip_open(int sbc, int gpioDev)

           This returns a handle to a gpiochip device.

           This is a privileged command.  See permits.

               sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           gpioDev: >= 0

           If OK returns a handle (>= 0).

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           Example

           h = gpiochip_open(sbc, 0); // open gpiochip0

           if (h >= 0)
           {
              // open ok
           }
           else
           {
              // open error
           }

       int gpiochip_close(int sbc, int handle)

           This closes a gpiochip device.

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by gpiochip_open).

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           Example

           status = gpiochip_close(sbc, h); // close gpiochip

           if (status < 0)
           {
              // close failed
           }

       int gpio_get_chip_info(int sbc, int handle, lgChipInfo_p chipInfo)

           This returns summary information of an opened gpiochip.

                sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
             handle: >= 0 (as returned by gpiochip_open).
           chipInfo: address to store returned chip info.

           If OK returns a list of okay status, number of lines, name, and label.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

       int gpio_get_line_info(int sbc, int handle, int gpio, lgLineInfo_p lineInfo)

           This returns detailed information of a GPIO of an opened gpiochip.

                sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
             handle: >= 0 (as returned by gpiochip_open).
               gpio: the GPIO.
           lineInfo: address to store returned line info.

           If OK returns a list of okay status, offset, line flags, name, and user.

           The meaning of the line flags bits are as given for the mode by gpio_get_mode.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

       int gpio_get_mode(int sbc, int handle, int gpio)

           This returns the mode of a GPIO.

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by gpiochip_open).
             gpio: the GPIO to be read.

           If OK returns the mode of the GPIO.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           Bit   Value   Meaning
           0      1      Kernel: In use by the kernel
           1      2      Kernel: Output
           2      4      Kernel: Active low
           3      8      Kernel: Open drain
           4     16      Kernel: Open source
           5     32      Kernel: Pull up set
           6     64      Kernel: Pull down set
           7     128     Kernel: Pulls off set
           8     256     LG: Input
           9     512     LG: Output
           10    1024    LG: Alert
           11    2048    LG: Group
           12    4096    LG: ---
           13    8192    LG: ---
           14    16384   LG: ---
           15    32768   LG: ---
           16    65536   Kernel: Input
           17    1<<17   Kernel: Rising edge alert
           18    1<<18   Kernel: Falling edge alert
           19    1<<19   Kernel: Realtime clock alert

           The LG bits are only set if the query was made by the process that owns the GPIO.

       int gpio_claim_input(int sbc, int handle, int lFlags, int gpio)

           This claims a GPIO for input.

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by gpiochip_open).
           lFlags: line flags for the GPIO.
             gpio: the GPIO to be claimed.

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           The line flags may be used to set the GPIO as active low, open drain, open source,
           pull up, pull down, pull off.

           Example

           status = gpio_claim_input(sbc, h, 0, 23); // open GPIO 23 for input

       int gpio_claim_output(int sbc, int handle, int lFlags, int gpio, int value)

           This claims a GPIO for output.

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by gpiochip_open).
           lFlags: line flags for the GPIO.
             gpio: the GPIO to be claimed.
            value: the initial value for the GPIO.

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           The line flags may be used to set the GPIO as active low, open drain, open source,
           pull up, pull down, pull off.

           If value is zero the GPIO will be initialised low (0).  If any other value is used the
           GPIO will be initialised high (1).

           Example

           status = gpio_claim_output(sbc, h, 0, 35, 1); // open GPIO 35 for high output

       int gpio_free(int sbc, int handle, int gpio)

           This frees a GPIO.

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by gpiochip_open).
             gpio: the GPIO to be freed.

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           The GPIO may now be claimed by another user or for a different purpose.

       int group_claim_input(int sbc, int handle, int lFlags, int count, const int *gpios)

           This claims a group of GPIO for inputs.

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by gpiochip_open).
           lFlags: line flags for each GPIO.
            count: the number of GPIO to claim.
            gpios: the group GPIO.

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           The line flags may be used to set the group as active low, open drain, open source,
           pull up, pull down, pull off.

           gpios is an array of one or more GPIO. The first GPIO in the array is called the group
           leader and is used to reference the group as a whole.

       int group_claim_output(int sbc, int handle, int lFlags, int count, const int *gpios, const
       int *values)

           This claims a group of GPIO to be used as outputs.

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by gpiochip_open).
           lFlags: line flags for each GPIO.
            count: the number of GPIO to claim.
            gpios: the group GPIO.
           values: the initial value for each GPIO.

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           The line flags may be used to set the group as active low, open drain, open source,
           pull up, pull down, pull off.

           gpios is an array of one or more GPIO. The first GPIO in the array is called the group
           leader and is used to reference the group as a whole.

           values is a list of initialisation values for the GPIO. If a value is zero the
           corresponding GPIO will be initialised low (0).  If any other value is used the
           corresponding GPIO will be initialised high (1).

       int group_free(int sbc, int handle, int gpio)

           This frees all the group GPIO.

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by gpiochip_open).
             gpio: the group leader.

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           The GPIO may now be claimed by another user or for a different purpose.

       int gpio_read(int sbc, int handle, int gpio)

           This returns the level of a GPIO.

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by gpiochip_open).
             gpio: the GPIO to be read.

           If OK returns 0 (low) or 1 (high).

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           This command will work for any claimed GPIO (even if a member of a group).  For an
           output GPIO the value returned will be that last written to the GPIO.

       int gpio_write(int sbc, int handle, int gpio, int value)

           This sets the level of an output GPIO.

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by gpiochip_open).
             gpio: the GPIO to be written.
            value: the value to write.

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           This command will work for any GPIO claimed as an output (even if a member of a
           group).

           If level is zero the GPIO will be set low (0). If any other value is used the GPIO
           will be set high (1).

       int group_read(int sbc, int handle, int gpio, uint64_t *groupBits)

           This returns the levels read from a group.

                 sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
              handle: >= 0 (as returned by gpiochip_open).
                gpio: the offset of a member of the GPIO group to be read.
           groupBits: a pointer to a 64-bit memory area for the returned value.

           If OK returns the group size and updates groupBits.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           This command will work for an output group as well as an input group. For an output
           group the value returned will be that last written to the group GPIO.

           Note that this command will also work on an individual GPIO claimed as an input or
           output as that is treated as a group with one member.

           After a successful read groupBits is set as follows.

           Bit 0 is the level of the group leader.  Bit 1 is the level of the second GPIO in the
           group.  Bit x is the level of GPIO x+1 of the group.

       int group_write(int sbc, int handle, int gpio, uint64_t groupBits, uint64_t groupMask)

           This sets the levels of an output output group.

                 sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
              handle: >= 0 (as returned by gpiochip_open).
                gpio: the offset of a member of the GPIO group to be written.
           groupBits: the level to set if the corresponding bit in groupMask is set.
           groupMask: a mask indicating the group GPIO to be updated.

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           The values of each GPIO of the group are set according to the bits of group_bits.

           Bit 0 sets the level of the group leader.  Bit 1 sets the level of the second GPIO in
           the group.  Bit x sets the level of GPIO x+1 in the group.

           However this may be overridden by the group_mask. A GPIO is only updated if the
           corresponding bit in the mask is 1.

       int tx_pulse(int sbc, int handle, int gpio, int pulse_on, int pulse_off, int pulse_offset,
       int pulse_cycles)

           This starts software timed pulses on an output GPIO.

                    sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
                 handle: >= 0 (as returned by gpiochip_open).
                   gpio:  GPIO to be written.
               pulse_on: pulse high time in microseconds.
              pulse_off: pulse low time in microseconds.
           pulse_offset: offset from nominal pulse start position.
           pulse_cycles: the number of pulses to be sent, 0 for infinite.

           If OK returns the number of entries left in the PWM queue for the GPIO.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           If both pulse_on and pulse_off are zero pulses will be switched off for that GPIO.
           The active pulse, if any, will be stopped and any queued pulses will be deleted.

           Each successful call to this function consumes one PWM queue entry.

           pulse_cycles cycles are transmitted (0 means infinite).  Each cycle consists of
           pulse_on microseconds of GPIO high followed by pulse_off microseconds of GPIO low.

           PWM is characterised by two values, its frequency (number of cycles per second) and
           its duty cycle (percentage of high time per cycle).

           The set frequency will be 1000000 / (pulse_on + pulse_off) Hz.

           The set duty cycle will be pulse_on / (pulse_on + pulse_off) * 100 %.

           E.g. if pulse_on is 50 and pulse_off is 100 the frequency will be 6666.67 Hz and the
           duty cycle will be 33.33 %.

           pulse_offset is a microsecond offset from the natural start of the pulse cycle.

           For instance if the PWM frequency is 10 Hz the natural start of each cycle is at
           seconds 0, then 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 etc. In this case if the offset is 20000 microseconds
           the cycle will start at seconds 0.02, 0.12, 0.22, 0.32 etc.

           Another pulse command may be issued to the GPIO before the last has finished.

           If the last pulse had infinite cycles then it will be replaced by the new settings at
           the end of the current cycle. Otherwise it will be replaced by the new settings when
           all its cycles are compete.

           Multiple pulse settings may be queued in this way.

       int tx_pwm(int sbc, int handle, int gpio, float pwmFrequency, float pwmDutyCycle, int
       pwmOffset, int pwmCycles)

           This starts software timed PWM on an output GPIO.

                    sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
                 handle: >= 0 (as returned by gpiochip_open)
                   gpio: the GPIO to be pulsed
           pwmFrequency: PWM frequency in Hz (0=off, 0.1-10000)
           pwmDutyCycle: PWM duty cycle in % (0-100)
              pwmOffset: offset from nominal pulse start position
              pwmCycles: the number of pulses to be sent, 0 for infinite

           If OK returns the number of entries left in the PWM queue for the GPIO.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           Each successful call to this function consumes one PWM queue entry.

           PWM is characterised by two values, its frequency (number of cycles per second) and
           its duty cycle (percentage of high time per cycle).

           Another PWM command may be issued to the GPIO before the last has finished.

           If the last pulse had infinite cycles then it will be replaced by the new settings at
           the end of the current cycle. Otherwise it will be replaced by the new settings when
           all its cycles are compete.

           Multiple PWM settings may be queued in this way.

       int tx_servo(int sbc, int handle, int gpio, int pulseWidth, int servoFrequency, int
       servoOffset, int servoCycles)

           This starts software timed servo pulses on an output GPIO.

           I would only use software timed servo pulses for testing purposes.  The timing jitter
           will cause the servo to fidget.  This may cause it to overheat and wear out
           prematurely.

                   handle: >= 0 (as returned by gpiochip_open)
                     gpio: the GPIO to be pulsed
               pulseWidth: pulse high time in microseconds (0=0ff, 500-2500)
           servoFrequency: the number of pulses per second (40-500)
              servoOffset: offset from nominal pulse start position
              servoCycles: the number of pulses to be sent, 0 for infinite

           If OK returns the number of entries left in the PWM queue for the GPIO.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           Each successful call to this function consumes one PWM queue entry.

           Another servo command may be issued to the GPIO before the last has finished.

           If the last pulse had infinite cycles then it will be replaced by the new settings at
           the end of the current cycle. Otherwise it will be replaced by the new settings when
           all its cycles are complete.

           Multiple servo settings may be queued in this way.

       int tx_wave(int sbc, int handle, int gpio, int count, lgPulse_p pulses)

           This starts a software timed wave on an output group.

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by gpiochip_open).
             gpio:  group leader.
            count: the number of pulses in the wave.
           pulses: the pulses.

           If OK returns the number of entries left in the wave queue for the group.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           Each successful call to this function consumes one wave queue entry.

           This command starts a wave of pulses.

           pulses is an array of pulses to be transmitted on the group.

           Each pulse is defined by the following triplet:

           bits: the levels to set for the selected GPIO
           mask: the GPIO to select
           delay: the delay in microseconds before the next pulse

           Another wave command may be issued to the group before the last has finished
           transmission. The new wave will start when the previous wave has competed.

           Multiple waves may be queued in this way.

       int tx_busy(int sbc, int handle, int gpio, int kind)

           This returns true if transmissions of the specified kind are active on the GPIO or
           group.

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by gpiochip_open).
             gpio: the GPIO or group to be tested.
             kind: LG_TX_PWM or LG_TX_WAVE.

           If OK returns 1 for busy and 0 for not busy.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

       int tx_room(int sbc, int handle, int gpio, int kind)

           This returns the number of entries there are to queue further transmissions of the
           specified kind on a GPIO or GPIO group.

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by gpiochip_open).
             gpio: the GPIO or group to be tested.
             kind: LG_TX_PWM or LG_TX_WAVE.

           If OK returns the number of free entries (0 for none).

           On failure returns a negative error code.

       int gpio_set_debounce_time(int sbc, int handle, int gpio, int debounce_us)

           This sets the debounce time for a GPIO.

                   sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
                handle: >= 0 (as returned by gpiochip_open).
                  gpio: the GPIO to be configured.
           debounce_us: the debounce time in microseconds.

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           This only affects alerts.

           An alert will only be issued if the edge has been stable for at least debounce
           microseconds.

           Generally this is used to debounce mechanical switches (e.g. contact bounce).

           Suppose that a square wave at 5 Hz is being generated on a GPIO.  Each edge will last
           100000 microseconds. If a debounce time of 100001 is set no alerts will be generated,
           If a debounce time of 99999 is set 10 alerts will be generated per second.

           Note that level changes will be timestamped debounce microseconds after the actual
           level change.

       int gpio_set_watchdog_time(int sbc, int handle, int gpio, int watchdog_us)

           This sets the watchdog time for a GPIO.

                   sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
                handle: >= 0 (as returned by gpiochip_open).
                  gpio: the GPIO to be configured.
           watchdog_us: the watchdog time in microseconds.

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           This only affects alerts.

           A watchdog alert will be sent if no edge alert has been issued for that GPIO in the
           previous watchdog microseconds.

           Note that only one watchdog alert will be sent per stream of edge alerts.  The
           watchdog is reset by the sending of a new edge alert.

           The level is set to LG_TIMEOUT (2) for a watchdog alert.

       int gpio_claim_alert(int sbc, int handle, int lFlags, int eFlags, int gpio, int nfyHandle)

           This claims a GPIO to be used as a source of alerts on level changes.

                 sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
              handle: >= 0 (as returned by gpiochip_open).
                gpio: >= 0, as legal for the gpiochip.
              lFlags: line flags for the GPIO.
              eFlags: event flags for the GPIO.
           nfyHandle: >=0, a notification handle (use -1 for callbacks).

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           The line flags may be used to set the GPIO as active low, open drain, open source,
           pull up, pull down, pull off.

           The event flags are used to generate alerts for a rising edge, falling edge, or both
           edges.

           Use a notification handle of -1 unless you plan to read the alerts from a notification
           pipe you have opened.

       int callback(int sbc, int handle, int gpio, int edge, CBFunc_t f, void *userdata)

           This function initialises a new callback.

                sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
             handle: >= 0,(as returned by gpiochip_open).
               gpio: >= 0, as legal for the gpiochip.
               edge: RISING_EDGE, FALLING_EDGE, or BOTH_EDGES.
                  f: the callback function.
           userdata: a pointer to arbitrary user data.

           If OK returns a callback id.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           The user supplied callback receives the chip, GPIO, edge, timestamp, and the userdata
           pointer, whenever the GPIO has the identified edge.

           The reported level will be one of

           0: change to low (a falling edge) 1: change to high (a rising edge) 2: no level change
           (a watchdog timeout)

           The timestamp is when the change happened reported as the number of nanoseconds since
           the epoch (start of 1970).

           If you want to track the level of more than one GPIO do so by maintaining the state in
           the callback.  Do not use gpio_read.  Remember the alert that triggered the callback
           may have happened several milliseconds before and the GPIO may have changed level many
           times since then.

       int callback_cancel(int callback_id)

           This function cancels a callback identified by its id.

           callback_id: >= 0 (as returned by callback).

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

       int i2c_open(int sbc, int i2c_bus, int i2c_addr, int i2c_flags)

           This returns a handle for the device at address i2c_addr on bus i2c_bus.

           This is a privileged command.  See permits.

                 sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
             i2c_bus: >= 0.
            i2c_addr: 0-0x7F.
           i2c_flags: 0.

           If OK returns a handle (>= 0).

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           No flags are currently defined.  This parameter should be set to zero.

           For the SMBus commands the low level transactions are shown at the end of the function
           description.  The following abbreviations are used.

           S       (1 bit) : Start bit
           P       (1 bit) : Stop bit
           Rd/Wr   (1 bit) : Read/Write bit. Rd equals 1, Wr equals 0.
           A, NA   (1 bit) : Accept and not accept bit.
           Addr    (7 bits): I2C 7 bit address.
           i2c_reg (8 bits): A byte which often selects a register.
           Data    (8 bits): A data byte.
           Count   (8 bits): A byte defining the length of a block operation.

           [..]: Data sent by the device.

       int i2c_close(int sbc, int handle)

           This closes the I2C device

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by i2c_open).

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

       int i2c_write_quick(int sbc, int handle, int bitVal)

           This sends a single bit (in the Rd/Wr bit) to the device.

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by i2c_open).
           bitVal: 0-1, the value to write.

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           Quick command. SMBus 2.0 5.5.1

           S Addr bit [A] P

       int i2c_write_byte(int sbc, int handle, int byteVal)

           This sends a single byte to the device.

               sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
            handle: >= 0 (as returned by i2c_open).
           byteVal: 0-0xFF, the value to write.

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           Send byte. SMBus 2.0 5.5.2

           S Addr Wr [A] byteVal [A] P

       int i2c_read_byte(int sbc, int handle)

           This reads a single byte from the device.

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by i2c_open).

           If OK returns the byte read (0-255).

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           Receive byte. SMBus 2.0 5.5.3

           S Addr Rd [A] [Data] NA P

       int i2c_write_byte_data(int sbc, int handle, int i2c_reg, int byteVal)

           This writes a single byte to the specified register of the device.

               sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
            handle: >= 0 (as returned by i2c_open).
           i2c_reg: 0-255, the register to write.
           byteVal: 0-0xFF, the value to write.

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           Write byte. SMBus 2.0 5.5.4

           S Addr Wr [A] i2c_reg [A] byteVal [A] P

       int i2c_write_word_data(int sbc, int handle, int i2c_reg, int wordVal)

           This writes a single 16 bit word to the specified register of the device.

               sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
            handle: >= 0 (as returned by i2c_open).
           i2c_reg: 0-255, the register to write.
           wordVal: 0-0xFFFF, the value to write.

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           Write word. SMBus 2.0 5.5.4

           S Addr Wr [A] i2c_reg [A] wval_Low [A] wVal_High [A] P

       int i2c_read_byte_data(int sbc, int handle, int i2c_reg)

           This reads a single byte from the specified register of the device.

               sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
            handle: >= 0 (as returned by i2c_open).
           i2c_reg: 0-255, the register to read.

           If OK returns the read byte (0-255).

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           Read byte. SMBus 2.0 5.5.5

           S Addr Wr [A] i2c_reg [A] S Addr Rd [A] [Data] NA P

       int i2c_read_word_data(int sbc, int handle, int i2c_reg)

           This reads a single 16 bit word from the specified register of the device.

               sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
            handle: >= 0 (as returned by i2c_open).
           i2c_reg: 0-255, the register to read.

           If OK returns the read word (0-65535).

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           Read word. SMBus 2.0 5.5.5

           S Addr Wr [A] i2c_reg [A]
              S Addr Rd [A] [DataLow] A [DataHigh] NA P

       int i2c_process_call(int sbc, int handle, int i2c_reg, int wordVal)

           This writes 16 bits of data to the specified register of the device and reads 16 bits
           of data in return.

               sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
            handle: >= 0 (as returned by i2c_open).
           i2c_reg: 0-255, the register to write/read.
           wordVal: 0-0xFFFF, the value to write.

           If OK returns the read word (0-65535).

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           Process call. SMBus 2.0 5.5.6

           S Addr Wr [A] i2c_reg [A] wVal_Low [A] wVal_High [A]
              S Addr Rd [A] [DataLow] A [DataHigh] NA P

       int i2c_write_block_data(int sbc, int handle, int i2c_reg, const char *buf, int count)

           This writes up to 32 bytes to the specified register of the device.

               sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
            handle: >= 0 (as returned by i2c_open).
           i2c_reg: 0-255, the register to write.
               buf: an array with the data to send.
             count: 1-32, the number of bytes to write.

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           Block write. SMBus 2.0 5.5.7

           S Addr Wr [A] i2c_reg [A] count [A] buf0 [A] buf1 [A] ...
              [A] bufn [A] P

       int i2c_read_block_data(int sbc, int handle, int i2c_reg, char *buf)

           This reads a block of up to 32 bytes from the specified register of the device.

               sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
            handle: >= 0 (as returned by i2c_open).
           i2c_reg: 0-255, the register to read.
               buf: an array to receive the read data.

           If OK returns the count of bytes read and updates buf.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           The amount of returned data is set by the device.

           Block read. SMBus 2.0 5.5.7

           S Addr Wr [A] i2c_reg [A]
              S Addr Rd [A] [Count] A [buf0] A [buf1] A ... A [bufn] NA P

       int i2c_block_process_call(int sbc, int handle, int i2c_reg, char *buf, int count)

           This writes data bytes to the specified register of the device and reads a device
           specified number of bytes of data in return.

               sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
            handle: >= 0 (as returned by i2c_open).
           i2c_reg: 0-255, the register to write/read.
               buf: an array with the data to send and to receive the read data.
             count: 1-32, the number of bytes to write.

           If OK returns the count of bytes read and updates buf.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           The smbus 2.0 documentation states that a minimum of 1 byte may be sent and a minimum
           of 1 byte may be received.  The total number of bytes sent/received must be 32 or
           less.

           Block write-block read. SMBus 2.0 5.5.8

           S Addr Wr [A] i2c_reg [A] count [A] buf0 [A] ...
              S Addr Rd [A] [Count] A [Data] ... A P

       int i2c_read_i2c_block_data(int sbc, int handle, int i2c_reg, char *buf, int count)

           This reads count bytes from the specified register of the device.  The count may be
           1-32.

               sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
            handle: >= 0 (as returned by i2c_open).
           i2c_reg: 0-255, the register to read.
               buf: an array to receive the read data.
             count: 1-32, the number of bytes to read.

           If OK returns the count of bytes read and updates buf.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           S Addr Wr [A] i2c_reg [A]
              S Addr Rd [A] [buf0] A [buf1] A ... A [bufn] NA P

       int i2c_write_i2c_block_data(int sbc, int handle, int i2c_reg, const char *buf, int count)

           This writes 1 to 32 bytes to the specified register of the device.

               sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
            handle: >= 0 (as returned by i2c_open).
           i2c_reg: 0-255, the register to write.
               buf: the data to write.
             count: 1-32, the number of bytes to write.

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           S Addr Wr [A] i2c_reg [A] buf0 [A] buf1 [A] ... [A] bufn [A] P

       int i2c_read_device(int sbc, int handle, char *buf, int count)

           This reads count bytes from the raw device into buf.

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by i2c_open).
              buf: an array to receive the read data bytes.
            count: >0, the number of bytes to read.

           If OK returns the count of bytes read and updates buf.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           S Addr Rd [A] [buf0] A [buf1] A ... A [bufn] NA P

       int i2c_write_device(int sbc, int handle, const char *buf, int count)

           This writes count bytes from buf to the raw device.

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by i2c_open).
              buf: an array containing the data bytes to write.
            count: >0, the number of bytes to write.

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           S Addr Wr [A] buf0 [A] buf1 [A] ... [A] bufn [A] P

       int i2c_zip(int sbc, int handle, const char *inBuf, int inCount, char *outBuf, int
       outCount)

           This function executes a sequence of I2C operations.  The operations to be performed
           are specified by the contents of inBuf which contains the concatenated command codes
           and associated data.

                sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
             handle: >= 0, as returned by a call to lgI2cOpen
              inBuf: pointer to the concatenated I2C commands, see below
            inCount: size of command buffer
             outBuf: pointer to buffer to hold returned data
           outCount: size of output buffer

           If OK returns the count of bytes read and updates outBuf.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           The following command codes are supported:

           Name      Cmd & Data   Meaning
           End       0            No more commands
           Escape    1            Next P is two bytes
           On        2            Switch combined flag on
           Off       3            Switch combined flag off
           Address   4 P          Set I2C address to P
           Flags     5 lsb msb    Set I2C flags to lsb + (msb << 8)
           Read      6 P          Read P bytes of data
           Write     7 P ...      Write P bytes of data

           The address, read, and write commands take a parameter P.  Normally P is one byte
           (0-255).  If the command is preceded by the Escape command then P is two bytes
           (0-65535, least significant byte first).

           The address defaults to that associated with the handle.  The flags default to 0.  The
           address and flags maintain their previous value until updated.

           The returned I2C data is stored in consecutive locations of outBuf.

           Example

           Set address 0x53, write 0x32, read 6 bytes
           Set address 0x1E, write 0x03, read 6 bytes
           Set address 0x68, write 0x1B, read 8 bytes
           End

           0x04 0x53   0x07 0x01 0x32   0x06 0x06
           0x04 0x1E   0x07 0x01 0x03   0x06 0x06
           0x04 0x68   0x07 0x01 0x1B   0x06 0x08
           0x00

       int notify_open(int sbc)

           Get a free notification handle.

           This is a privileged command.  See permits.

           sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).

           If OK returns a handle (>= 0).

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           A notification is a method for being notified of GPIO state changes via a pipe.

           Pipes are only accessible from the local machine so this function serves no purpose if
           you are using the library from a remote machine.  The in-built (socket) notifications
           provided by callback should be used instead.

           The notification pipes are created in the library working directory.

           Notifications for handle x will be available at the pipe named .lgd-nfyx (where x is
           the handle number). E.g. if the function returns 15 then the notifications must be
           read from .lgd-nfy15.

           Each notification occupies 16 bytes in the fifo and has the following structure.

           typedef struct
           {
              uint64_t timestamp; // alert time in nanoseconds
              uint8_t chip;       // gpiochip device number
              uint8_t gpio;       // offset into gpio device
              uint8_t level;      // 0=low, 1=high, 2=timeout
              uint8_t flags;      // none currently defined
           } lgGpioReport_t;

           timestamp: the number of nanoseconds since the epoch (start of 1970) chip: the
           gpiochip device number (NOT the handle).
           gpio: the GPIO.
           level: indicates the level of the GPIO
           flags: no flags are currently defined

           For future proofing it is probably best to ignore any notification with non-zero
           flags.

       int notify_resume(int sbc, int handle)

           Resume notifications on a handle.

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by notify_open)

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

       int notify_pause(int sbc, int handle)

           Pauses notifications on a handle.

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by notify_open)

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           Notifications for the handle are suspended until notify_resume is called.

       int notify_close(int sbc, int handle)

           Stop notifications and releases the handle.

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by notify_open)

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

       int script_store(int sbc, const char *script)

           This function stores a script for later execution.

           This is a privileged command.  See permits.

           See scripts.html for details.

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           script: the text of the script.

           If OK returns a handle (>=0).

           On failure returns a negative error code.

       int script_run(int sbc, int handle, int count, const uint32_t *param)

           This function runs a stored script.

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by script_store).
            count: 0-10, the number of parameters.
            param: an array of parameters.

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           param is an array of up to 10 parameters which may be referenced in the script as p0
           to p9.

       int script_update(int sbc, int handle, int count, const uint32_t *param)

           This function sets the parameters of a script.  The script may or may not be running.
           The first numPar parameters of the script are overwritten with the new values.

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by script_store).
            count: 0-10, the number of parameters.
            param: an array of parameters.

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           param is an array of up to 10 parameters which may be referenced in the script as p0
           to p9.

       int script_status(int sbc, int handle, uint32_t *param)

           This function returns the run status of a stored script as well as the current values
           of parameters 0 to 9.

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by script_store).
            param: an array to hold the returned 10 parameters.

           If OK returns the script status and updates param.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           The script status may be

           LG_SCRIPT_INITING
           LG_SCRIPT_READY
           LG_SCRIPT_RUNNING
           LG_SCRIPT_WAITING
           LG_SCRIPT_ENDED
           LG_SCRIPT_HALTED
           LG_SCRIPT_FAILED

           The current value of script parameters 0 to 9 are returned in param.

       int script_stop(int sbc, int handle)

           This function stops a running script.

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by script_store).

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

       int script_delete(int sbc, int handle)

           This function deletes a stored script.

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by script_store).

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

       int serial_open(int sbc, const char *ser_tty, int ser_baud, int ser_flags)

           This function opens a serial device at a specified baud rate with specified flags.
           The device must be present in /dev.

           This is a privileged command.  See permits.

                 sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
             ser_tty: the serial device to open.
            ser_baud: the baud rate in bits per second, see below.
           ser_flags: 0.

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           The baud rate must be one of 50, 75, 110, 134, 150, 200, 300, 600, 1200, 1800, 2400,
           4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200, or 230400.

           No flags are currently defined.  This parameter should be set to zero.

       int serial_close(int sbc, int handle)

           This function closes the serial device.

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by serial_open).

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

       int serial_write_byte(int sbc, int handle, int byteVal)

           This function writes byteVal to the serial port.

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by serial_open).

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

       int serial_read_byte(int sbc, int handle)

           This function reads a byte from the serial port.

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by serial_open).

           If OK returns the read byte (0-255).

           On failure returns a negative error code.

       int serial_write(int sbc, int handle, const char *buf, int count)

           This function writes count bytes from buf to the the serial port.

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by serial_open).
              buf: the array of bytes to write.
            count: the number of bytes to write.

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

       int serial_read(int sbc, int handle, char *buf, int count)

           This function reads up to count bytes from the the serial port and writes them to buf.

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by serial_open).
              buf: an array to receive the read data.
            count: the maximum number of bytes to read.

           If OK returns the count of bytes read and updates buf.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           If no data is ready zero is returned.

       int serial_data_available(int sbc, int handle)

           Returns the number of bytes available to be read from the device.

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by serial_open).

           If OK returns the count of bytes available.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

       int shell(int sbc, const char *scriptName, const char *scriptString)

           This function uses the system call to execute a shell script with the given string as
           its parameter.

           This is a privileged command.  See permits.

                    sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
             scriptName: the name of the script, only alphanumeric characters,
                         '-' and '_' are allowed in the name.
           scriptString: the string to pass to the script.

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           scriptName must exist in a directory named cgi in the daemon's configuration directory
           and must be executable.

           The returned exit status is normally 256 times that set by the shell script exit
           function.  If the script can't be found 32512 will be returned.

           The following table gives some example returned statuses.

           Script exit status   Returned system call status
           1                    256
           5                    1280
           10                   2560
           200                  51200
           script not found     32512

           Example

           // pass two parameters, hello and world
           status = shell_(sbc, "scr1", "hello world");

           // pass three parameters, hello, string with spaces, and world
           status = shell_(sbc, "scr1", "hello 'string with spaces' world");

           // pass one parameter, hello string with spaces world
           status = shell_(sbc, "scr1", "

       int spi_open(int sbc, int spi_device, int spi_channel, int spi_baud, int spi_flags)

           This function returns a handle for the SPI device on the channel.  Data will be
           transferred at baud bits per second.  The flags may be used to modify the default
           behaviour.

           This is a privileged command.  See permits.

                   sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
            spi_device: >= 0
           spi_channel: >= 0
              spi_baud: SPI speed in bits per second.
             spi_flags: see below.

           If OK returns a handle (>= 0).

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           spi_flags consists of the least significant 2 bits.

           1  0
           m  m

           mm defines the SPI mode.

           Mode POL PHA
            0    0   0
            1    0   1
            2    1   0
            3    1   1

           The other bits in flags should be set to zero.

       int spi_close(int sbc, int handle)

           This functions closes the SPI device identified by the handle.

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by spi_open).

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

       int spi_read(int sbc, int handle, char *buf, int count)

           This function reads count bytes of data from the SPI device

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by spi_open).
              buf: an array to receive the read data bytes.
            count: the number of bytes to read.

           If OK returns the count of bytes read and updates buf.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

       int spi_write(int sbc, int handle, const char *buf, int count)

           This function writes count bytes of data from buf to the SPI device

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by spi_open).
              buf: the data bytes to write.
            count: the number of bytes to write.

           If OK returns the count of bytes written.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

       int spi_xfer(int sbc, int handle, const char *txBuf, char *rxBuf, int count)

           This function transfers count bytes of data from txBuf to the SPI device
           Simultaneously count bytes of data are read from the device and placed in rxBuf.

              sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           handle: >= 0 (as returned by spi_open).
            txBuf: the data bytes to write.
            rxBuf: the received data bytes.
            count: the number of bytes to transfer.

           If OK returns the count of bytes transferred and updates rxBuf.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

       pthread_t *thread_start(lgThreadFunc_t thread_func, void *userdata)

           Starts a new thread of execution with thread_func as the main routine.

           thread_func: the main function for the new thread.
              userdata: a pointer to an arbitrary argument.

           If OK returns a pointer to a pthread_t.

           On failure returns NULL.

           The function is passed the single argument userdata.

           The thread can be cancelled by passing the pointer to pthread_t to thread_stop.

       void thread_stop(pthread_t *pth)

           Cancels the thread pointed at by pth.

           pth: the thread to be stopped.

           No value is returned.

           The thread to be stopped should have been started with thread_start.

       int lgu_get_internal(int sbc, int config_id, uint64_t *config_value)

           Returns the value of a sbc configuration item.

           This is a privileged command.  See permits.

                    sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
              config_id: the configuration item.
           config_value: pointer for returned value.

           If OK returns 0 and updates config_value.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

       int lgu_set_internal(int sbc, int config_id, uint64_t config_value)

           Sets the value of a sbc configuration item.

           This is a privileged command.  See permits.

                    sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
              config_id: the configuration item.
           config_value: the value to set.

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

       int lgu_get_sbc_name(int sbc, char *buf, int count)

           Return the lgd server name.

             sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
             buf: the server name is copied to this buffer.
           count: the maximum number of characters to copy.

           If OK returns the count of bytes copied and updates buf.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

       int lgu_set_user(int sbc, const char *user, const char *secretsFile)

           Sets the rgpiod daemon user.  The user then has the associated permissions.

                   sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
                  user: the user to set ("" defaults to the default user).
           secretsFile: the path to the shared secret file ("" defaults
                        to "~/.lg_secret").

           If OK returns 1 if the user was set, 0 otherwise.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           Example

           if (lgu_set_user(sbc, "gpio", "")
           {
              printf("using user gpio permissions");
           }
           else
           {
              printf("using default permissions");
           }

       int lgu_set_share_id(int sbc, int handle, int share_id)

           Sets the share id of an owned object.

                sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
             handle: >= 0
           share_id: >= 0, 0 stops sharing.

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           Normally objects associated with a handle are only accessible to the program which
           created them (and are automatically deleted when the program ends).

           If a non-zero share is set the object is accessible to any software which knows the
           share and the handle (and are not automatically deleted when the program ends).

           Example

           lgu_set_share_id(sbc, handle, 23);

       int lgu_use_share_id(int sbc, int share_id)

           Sets the share id to be used when asking to use an object owned by another creator.

                sbc: >= 0 (as returned by rgpiod_start).
           share_id: >= 0, 0 stops sharing.

           If OK returns 0.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

           Normally objects associated with a handle are only accessible to the program which
           created them (and are automatically deleted when the program ends).

           If a non-zero share is set the object is accessible to any software which knows the
           share and the handle.

           Example

           lgu_use_share_id(sbc, 23);

       uint32_t lgu_rgpio_version(void)

           Return the rgpio version.

           If OK returns the rgpio version.

           On failure returns a negative error code.

       const char *lgu_error_text(int errnum)

           Return a text description for an error code.

           errnum: the error code.

       void lgu_sleep(double sleepSecs)

           Delay execution for a given number of seconds.

           sleepSecs: the number of seconds to delay.

       double lgu_time(void)

           Return the current time in seconds since the Epoch.

       uint64_t lgu_timestamp(void)

           Return the current time in nanoseconds since the Epoch.

PARAMETERS

       *addrStr
       A string specifying the host or IP address of the SBC running the rgpiod daemon.  It may
       be NULL in which case localhost is used unless overridden by the LG_ADDR environment
       variable.

       bitVal
       A value of 0 or 1.

       *buf
       A buffer to hold data being sent or being received.

       byteVal: 0-255
       An 8-bit byte value.

       callback_id
       A value >= 0, as returned by a call to the callback.

       The id is passed to callback_cancel to cancel the callback.

       CBFunc_t

       typedef void (*CBFunc_t)
          (int sbc, int chip, int gpio, int level, uint64_t timestamp, void * userdata);

       char
       A single character, an 8 bit quantity able to store 0-255.

       chipInfo
       A pointer to a lgChipInfo_t object.

       config_id
       A number identifying a configuration item.

       LG_CFG_ID_DEBUG_LEVEL 0
       LG_CFG_ID_MIN_DELAY   1

       config_value
       The value of a configuration item.

       *config_value
       The value of a configuration item.

       count
       The number of bytes to be transferred in a file, I2C, SPI, or serial command.

       debounce_us
       The debounce time in microseconds.

       double
       A floating point number.

       edge
       Used to identify a GPIO level transition of interest.  A rising edge is a level change
       from 0 to 1.  A falling edge is a level change from 1 to 0.

       RISING_EDGE   1
       FALLING_EDGE  2
       BOTH_EDGES   3

       eFlags
       The type of GPIO edge to generate an alert.  See gpio_claim_alert.

       RISING_EDGE   1
       FALLING_EDGE  2
       BOTH_EDGES   3

       errnum
       A negative number indicating a function call failed and the nature of the error.

       f
       A function.

       *file
       A full file path.  To be accessible the path must match an entry in the [files] section of
       the permits file.

       float
       A floating point number.

       *fpat
       A file path which may contain wildcards.  To be accessible the path must match an entry in
       the [files] section of the permits file.

       gpio
       A 0 based offset of a GPIO within a gpiochip.

       gpioDev: >= 0
       The device number of a gpiochip.

       *gpios
       An array of GPIO numbers.

       groupBits
       A 64-bit value used to set the levels of a GPIO group.

       Set bit x to set GPIO x of the group high.

       Clear bit x to set GPIO x of the group low.

       *groupBits
       A 64-bit value denoting the levels of a GPIO group.

       If bit x is set then GPIO x of the group is high.

       groupMask
       A 64-bit value used to determine which members of a GPIO group should be updated.

       Set bit x to update GPIO x of the group.

       Clear bit x to leave GPIO x of the group unaltered.

       handle: >= 0
       A number referencing an object opened by one of

       file_open
       gpiochip_open
       i2c_open
       notify_open
       serial_open script_store
       spi_open

       i2c_addr: 0-0x7F
       The address of a device on the I2C bus.

       i2c_bus: >= 0
       An I2C bus number.

       i2c_flags: 0
       Flags which modify an I2C open command.  None are currently defined.

       i2c_reg: 0-255
       A register of an I2C device.

       *inBuf
       A buffer used to pass data to a function.

       inCount
       The size of an input buffer.

       int
       A whole number, negative or positive.

       int32_t
       A 32-bit signed value.

       kind: LG_TX_PWM or LG_TX_WAVE
       A type of transmission: PWM or wave.

       lFlags
       Line flags for the GPIO.

       The following values may be or'd to form the value.

       LG_SET_ACTIVE_LOW
       LG_SET_OPEN_DRAIN
       LG_SET_OPEN_SOURCE
       LG_SET_PULL_UP
       LG_SET_PULL_DOWN
       LG_SET_PULL_NONE

       lgChipInfo_p
       A pointer to a lgChipInfo_t object.

       typedef struct lgChipInfo_s
       {
          uint32_t lines;                // number of GPIO
          char name[LG_GPIO_NAME_LEN];   // Linux name
          char label[LG_GPIO_LABEL_LEN]; // functional name
       } lgChipInfo_t, *lgChipInfo_p;

       lgLineInfo_p
       A pointer to a lgLineInfo_t object.

       typedef struct lgLine_s
       {
          uint32_t offset;               // GPIO number
          uint32_t lFlags;
          char name[LG_GPIO_NAME_LEN];   // GPIO name
          char user[LG_GPIO_USER_LEN];   // user
       } lgLineInfo_t, *lgLineInfo_p;

       lgPulse_p
       A pointer to a lgPulse_t object.

       typedef struct lgPulse_s
       {
          uint64_t bits;
          uint64_t mask;
          int64_t delay;
       } lgPulse_t, *lgPulse_p;

       lgThreadFunc_t

       typedef void *(lgThreadFunc_t) (void *);

       lineInfo
       A pointer to a lgLineInfo_t object.

       mode
       A file open mode.

       LG_FILE_READ  1
       LG_FILE_WRITE 2
       LG_FILE_RW    3

       The following values can be or'd into the mode.

       LG_FILE_APPEND 4
       LG_FILE_CREATE 8
       LG_FILE_TRUNC  16

       nfyHandle: >= 0
       This associates a notification with a GPIO alert.

       *outBuf
       A buffer used to return data from a function.

       outCount
       The size of an output buffer.

       *param
       An array of script parameters.

       *portStr
       A string specifying the port address used by the SBC running the rgpiod daemon.  It may be
       NULL in which case "8889" is used unless overridden by the LG_PORT environment variable.

       *pth
       A thread identifier, returned by thread_start.

       pthread_t
       A thread identifier.

       pulse_cycles: >= 0
       The number of pulses to generate.  A value of 0 means infinite.#

       pulse_off: >= 0
       The off period for a pulse in microseconds.

       pulse_offset: >= 0
       The offset in microseconds from the nominal pulse start.

       pulse_on: >= 0
       The on period for a pulse in microseconds.

       pulses
       An pointer to an array of lgPulse_t objects.

       pulseWidth: 0, 500-2500 microseconds
       Servo pulse width

       pwmCycles: >= 0
       The number of PWM pulses to generate.  A value of 0 means infinite.

       pwmDutyCycle: 0-100 %
       PWM duty cycle %

       pwmFrequency: 0.1-10000 Hz
       PWM frequency

       pwmOffset: >= 0
       The offset in microseconds from the nominal PWM pulse start.

       *rxBuf
       A pointer to a buffer to receive data.

       sbc
       An integer defining a connected SBC.  The value is returned by rgpiod_start upon success.

       *script
       A pointer to the text of a script.

       *scriptName
       The name of a shell_ script to be executed.  The script must be present in the cgi
       directory of the daemon's configuration directory and must have execute permission.

       *scriptString
       The string to be passed to a shell_ script to be executed.

       *secretsFile
       The file containing the shared secret for a user.  If the shared secret for a user matches
       that known by the rgpiod daemon the user can "log in" to the daemon.

       seekFrom

       LG_FROM_START   0
       LG_FROM_CURRENT 1
       LG_FROM_END     2

       seekOffset
       The number of bytes to move forward (positive) or backwards (negative) from the seek
       position (start, current, or end of file).

       ser_baud
       The speed of serial communication in bits per second.

       ser_flags
       Flags which modify a serial open command.  None are currently defined.

       *ser_tty
       The name of a serial tty device, e.g. /dev/ttyAMA0, /dev/ttyUSB0, /dev/tty1.

       servoCycles: >= 0
       The number of servo pulses to generate.  A value of 0 means infinite.

       servoFrequency: 40-500 Hz
       Servo pulse frequency

       servoOffset: >= 0
       The offset in microseconds from the nominal servo pulse start.

       share_id
       Objects created with a non-zero share_id are persistent and may be used by other software
       which knows the share_id.

       sleepSecs
       The number of seconds to delay.

       spi_baud
       The speed of SPI communication in bits per second.

       spi_channel: >= 0
       A SPI channel.

       spi_device: >= 0
       A SPI device.

       spi_flags
       See spi_open and bb_spi_open.

       thread_func
       A function of type gpioThreadFunc_t used as the main function of a thread.

       *txBuf
       An array of bytes to transmit.

       uint32_t
       A 32-bit unsigned value.

       uint64_t
       A 64-bit unsigned value.

       *user
       A name known by the rgpiod daemon and associated with a set of user permissions.

       *userdata
       A pointer to arbitrary user data.  This may be used to identify the instance.

       You must ensure that the pointer is in scope at the time it is processed.  If it is a
       pointer to a global this is automatic.  Do not pass the address of a local variable.  If
       you want to pass a transient object then use the following technique.

       In the calling function:

       user_type *userdata;
       user_type my_userdata;

       userdata = malloc(sizeof(user_type));
       *userdata = my_userdata;

       In the receiving function:

       user_type my_userdata = *(user_type*)userdata;

       free(userdata);

       value: 0-1
       A GPIO level.

       *values
       An array of GPIO values.

       void
       Denoting no parameter is required

       watchdog_us
       The watchdog time in microseconds.

       wordVal: 0-65535
       A 16-bit word value.

rgpio Error Codes

       typedef enum
       {
          lgif_bad_send           = -2000,
          lgif_bad_recv           = -2001,
          lgif_bad_getaddrinfo    = -2002,
          lgif_bad_connect        = -2003,
          lgif_bad_socket         = -2004,
          lgif_bad_noib           = -2005,
          lgif_duplicate_callback = -2006,
          lgif_bad_malloc         = -2007,
          lgif_bad_callback       = -2008,
          lgif_notify_failed      = -2009,
          lgif_callback_not_found = -2010,
          lgif_unconnected_sbc    = -2011,
          lgif_too_many_pis       = -2012,
       } lgifError_t;

SEE ALSO

       rgpiod(1), rgs(1), lgpio(3)