Provided by: dnf_4.14.0-4.1ubuntu1_all bug

NAME

       dnf - DNF Command Reference

SYNOPSIS

       dnf [options] <command> [<args>...]

DESCRIPTION

       DNF  is  the  next  upcoming  major  version of YUM, a package manager for RPM-based Linux
       distributions. It roughly maintains CLI compatibility with YUM and defines  a  strict  API
       for extensions and plugins.

       Plugins  can modify or extend features of DNF or provide additional CLI commands on top of
       those mentioned below. If you  know  the  name  of  such  a  command  (including  commands
       mentioned below), you may find/install the package which provides it using the appropriate
       virtual provide in the form of dnf-command(<alias>), where <alias>  is  the  name  of  the
       command;  e.g.``dnf  install  'dnf-command(versionlock)'``  installs a versionlock plugin.
       This approach  also  applies  to  specifying  dependencies  of  packages  that  require  a
       particular DNF command.

       Return values:

       • 0  : Operation was successful.

       • 1  : An error occurred, which was handled by dnf.

       • 3  : An unknown unhandled error occurred during operation.

       • 100: See check-update200: There was a problem with acquiring or releasing of locks.

       Available commands:

       • aliasautoremovecheckcheck-updatecleandeplistdistro-syncdowngradegrouphelphistoryinfoinstalllistmakecachemarkmoduleprovidesreinstallremoverepoinforepolistrepoqueryrepository-packagessearchshellswapupdateinfoupgradeupgrade-minimal

       Additional information:

       • OptionsSpecifying PackagesSpecifying ProvidesSpecifying File ProvidesSpecifying GroupsSpecifying TransactionsMetadata SynchronizationConfiguration Files Replacement PolicyFilesSee Also

OPTIONS

       -4     Resolve to IPv4 addresses only.

       -6     Resolve to IPv6 addresses only.

       --advisory=<advisory>, --advisories=<advisory>
              Include packages corresponding to the advisory ID, Eg. FEDORA-2201-123.  Applicable
              for the install, repoquery, updateinfo and upgrade commands.

       --allowerasing
              Allow erasing of installed packages to resolve dependencies. This option  could  be
              used  as  an  alternative  to the yum swap command where packages to remove are not
              explicitly defined.

       --assumeno
              Automatically answer no for all questions.

       -b, --best
              Try the best available package versions in transactions.  Specifically  during  dnf
              upgrade,  which  by  default  skips  over  updates  that  can  not be installed for
              dependency reasons, the switch forces DNF to only  consider  the  latest  packages.
              When  running into packages with broken dependencies, DNF will fail giving a reason
              why the latest version can not be installed.

              Note that the use of the newest  available  version  is  only  guaranteed  for  the
              packages  directly requested (e.g. as a command line arguments), and the solver may
              use older versions of dependencies to meet their requirements.

       --bugfix
              Include packages that fix a bugfix issue. Applicable for  the  install,  repoquery,
              updateinfo and upgrade commands.

       --bz=<bugzilla>, --bzs=<bugzilla>
              Include  packages  that  fix a Bugzilla ID, Eg. 123123. Applicable for the install,
              repoquery, updateinfo and upgrade commands.

       -C, --cacheonly
              Run entirely from system cache, don't update the cache and use it even in  case  it
              is expired.

              DNF  uses a separate cache for each user under which it executes. The cache for the
              root user is called the system cache. This switch allows a regular  user  read-only
              access to the system cache, which usually is more fresh than the user's and thus he
              does not have to wait for metadata sync.

       --color=<color>
              Control whether color is used in terminal output. Valid values  are  always,  never
              and auto (default).

       --comment=<comment>
              Add a comment to the transaction history.

       -c <config file>, --config=<config file>
              Configuration file location.

       --cve=<cves>, --cves=<cves>
              Include  packages  that  fix  a  CVE  (Common  Vulnerabilities and Exposures) ID (‐
              http://cve.mitre.org/about/),  Eg.  CVE-2201-0123.  Applicable  for  the   install,
              repoquery, updateinfo, and upgrade commands.

       -d <debug level>, --debuglevel=<debug level>
              Debugging  output  level.  This  is  an  integer  value  between  0  (no additional
              information strings) and  10  (shows  all  debugging  information,  even  that  not
              understandable to the user), default is 2. Deprecated, use -v instead.

       --debugsolver
              Dump data aiding in dependency solver debugging into ./debugdata.

       --disableexcludes=[all|main|<repoid>], --disableexcludepkgs=[all|main|<repoid>]
          Disable the configuration file excludes. Takes one of the following three options:

          • all, disables all configuration file excludes

          • main, disables excludes defined in the [main] section

          • repoid, disables excludes defined for the given repository

       --disable, --set-disabled
              Disable  specified  repositories  (automatically  saves). The option has to be used
              together with the config-manager command (dnf-plugins-core).

       --disableplugin=<plugin names>
              Disable the listed plugins specified by names or globs.

       --disablerepo=<repoid>
              Temporarily disable active repositories for the purpose of the current dnf command.
              Accepts  an id, a comma-separated list of ids, or a glob of ids. This option can be
              specified multiple times, but is mutually exclusive with --repo.

       --downloaddir=<path>, --destdir=<path>
              Redirect downloaded packages to provided directory.  The  option  has  to  be  used
              together with the --downloadonly command line option, with the download, modulesync
              or  reposync  commands  (dnf-plugins-core)  or  with  the  system-upgrade   command
              (dnf-plugins-extras).

       --downloadonly
              Download   the   resolved  package  set  without  performing  any  rpm  transaction
              (install/upgrade/erase).

              Packages are removed after the next successful transaction. This applies also  when
              used together with --destdir option as the directory is considered as a part of the
              DNF cache. To persist the packages, use the download command instead.

       -e <error level>, --errorlevel=<error level>
              Error output level. This is an integer value between 0 (no  error  output)  and  10
              (shows all error messages), default is 3. Deprecated, use -v instead.

       --enable, --set-enabled
              Enable  specified  repositories  (automatically  saves).  The option has to be used
              together with the config-manager command (dnf-plugins-core).

       --enableplugin=<plugin names>
              Enable the listed plugins specified by names or globs.

       --enablerepo=<repoid>
              Temporarily enable additional repositories for  the  purpose  of  the  current  dnf
              command.   Accepts  an  id,  a  comma-separated list of ids, or a glob of ids. This
              option can be specified multiple times.

       --enhancement
              Include enhancement relevant  packages.  Applicable  for  the  install,  repoquery,
              updateinfo and upgrade commands.

       -x <package-file-spec>, --exclude=<package-file-spec>
              Exclude packages specified by <package-file-spec> from the operation.

       --excludepkgs=<package-file-spec>
              Deprecated option. It was replaced by the --exclude option.

       --forcearch=<arch>
              Force  the use of an architecture. Any architecture can be specified.  However, use
              of an architecture not supported natively by your CPU  will  require  emulation  of
              some  kind.  This  is  usually  through  QEMU.  The  behavior of --forcearch can be
              configured by using the arch  and  ignorearch  configuration  options  with  values
              <arch> and True respectively.

       -h, --help, --help-cmd
              Show the help.

       --installroot=<path>
              Specifies  an  alternative  installroot,  relative  to  where  all packages will be
              installed. Think of this like doing chroot <root> dnf, except  using  --installroot
              allows dnf to work before the chroot is created. It requires absolute path.

       • cachedir, log files, releasever, and gpgkey are taken from or stored in the installroot.
         Gpgkeys are imported into the installroot from a path relative to the host which can  be
         specified in the repository section of configuration files.

       • configuration  file  and reposdir are searched inside the installroot first. If they are
         not present, they are taken from the host system.   Note:   When  a  path  is  specified
         within a command line argument (--config=<config file> in case of configuration file and
         --setopt=reposdir=<reposdir> for reposdir) then this path is always relative to the host
         with no exceptions.

       • vars are taken from the host system or installroot according to reposdir . When reposdir
         path is specified within a command line argument, vars are taken from  the  installroot.
         When    varsdir    paths    are    specified    within    a    command   line   argument
         (--setopt=varsdir=<reposdir>) then those path are always relative to the  host  with  no
         exceptions.

       • The pluginpath and pluginconfpath are relative to the host.
          Note:  You  may  also  want  to use the command-line option --releasever=<release> when
          creating the installroot, otherwise the $releasever  value  is  taken  from  the  rpmdb
          within  the  installroot  (and  thus  it  is  empty  at  the  time  of creation and the
          transaction will fail). If --releasever=/ is used, the releasever will be detected from
          the  host (/) system. The new installroot path at the time of creation does not contain
          the repository, releasever and dnf.conf files.

          On    a     modular     system     you     may     also     want     to     use     the
          --setopt=module_platform_id=<module_platform_name:stream>   command-line   option  when
          creating the installroot, otherwise the module_platform_id value will be taken from the
          /etc/os-release  file  within the installroot (and thus it will be empty at the time of
          creation, the modular dependency could be unsatisfied  and  modules  content  could  be
          excluded).

          Installroot examples:

          dnf --installroot=<installroot> --releasever=<release> install system-release
                 Permanently  sets the releasever of the system in the <installroot> directory to
                 <release>.

          dnf  --installroot=<installroot>   --setopt=reposdir=<path>   --config   /path/dnf.conf
          upgrade
                 Upgrades packages inside the installroot from a repository described by --setopt
                 using configuration from /path/dnf.conf.

       --newpackage
              Include newpackage  relevant  packages.  Applicable  for  the  install,  repoquery,
              updateinfo and upgrade commands.

       --noautoremove
              Disable   removal   of   dependencies   that   are   no   longer   used.   It  sets
              clean_requirements_on_remove configuration option to False.

       --nobest
              Set best option to False, so that transactions are not limited to  best  candidates
              only.

       --nodocs
              Do not install documentation. Sets the rpm flag 'RPMTRANS_FLAG_NODOCS'.

       --nogpgcheck
              Skip checking GPG signatures on packages (if RPM policy allows).

       --noplugins
              Disable all plugins.

       --obsoletes
              This  option  has  an  effect  on  an  install/update,  it  enables dnf's obsoletes
              processing logic. For more information see the obsoletes option.

              This option also  displays  capabilities  that  the  package  obsoletes  when  used
              together with the repoquery command.

              Configuration Option: obsoletes

       -q, --quiet
              In  combination  with  a  non-interactive command, shows just the relevant content.
              Suppresses messages notifying about the current state or actions of DNF.

       -R <minutes>, --randomwait=<minutes>
              Maximum command wait time.

       --refresh
              Set metadata as expired before running the command.

       --releasever=<release>
              Configure DNF as if the distribution release was <release>. This can  affect  cache
              paths, values in configuration files and mirrorlist URLs.

       --repofrompath <repo>,<path/url>
              Specify a repository to add to the repositories for this query.  This option can be
              used multiple times.

       • The repository label is specified by <repo>.

       • The path or url to the repository is specified by <path/url>.  It is the same path as  a
         baseurl and can be also enriched by the repo variables.

       • The    configuration    for    the    repository    can    be    adjusted    using    -‐
         -setopt=<repo>.<option>=<value>.

       • If you want  to  view  only  packages  from  this  repository,  combine  this  with  the
         --repo=<repo> or --disablerepo="*" switches.

       --repo=<repoid>, --repoid=<repoid>
              Enable  just  specific  repositories by an id or a glob. Can be used multiple times
              with  accumulative  effect.  It  is  basically  a  shortcut  for  --disablerepo="*"
              --enablerepo=<repoid> and is mutually exclusive with the --disablerepo option.

       --rpmverbosity=<name>
              RPM  debug  scriptlet  output  level.  Sets  the  debug  level  to  <name>  for RPM
              scriptlets.  For available levels, see the rpmverbosity configuration option.

       --sec-severity=<severity>, --secseverity=<severity>
              Includes packages that provide a fix  for  an  issue  of  the  specified  severity.
              Applicable for the install, repoquery, updateinfo and upgrade commands.

       --security
              Includes  packages  that  provide  a  fix  for a security issue. Applicable for the
              upgrade command.

       --setopt=<option>=<value>
              Override  a  configuration  option  from  the  configuration  file.   To   override
              configuration  options for repositories, use repoid.option for the <option>. Values
              for  configuration  options  like  excludepkgs,  includepkgs,  installonlypkgs  and
              tsflags  are  appended  to  the  original  value, they do not override it. However,
              specifying an empty value (e.g. --setopt=tsflags=) will clear the option.

       --skip-broken
              Resolve depsolve problems by removing packages that are causing problems  from  the
              transaction.   It is an alias for the strict configuration option with value False.
              Additionally, with the enable and disable  module  subcommands  it  allows  one  to
              perform an action even in case of broken modular dependencies.

       --showduplicates
              Show  duplicate  packages  in  repositories.  Applicable  for  the  list and search
              commands.

       -v, --verbose
              Verbose operation, show debug messages.

       --version
              Show DNF version and exit.

       -y, --assumeyes
              Automatically answer yes for all questions.

       List options are comma-separated. Command-line options override respective  settings  from
       configuration files.

COMMANDS

       For  an  explanation  of  <package-spec>,  <package-file-spec> and <package-name-spec> see
       Specifying Packages.

       For an explanation of <provide-spec> see Specifying Provides.

       For an explanation of <group-spec> see Specifying Groups.

       For an explanation of <module-spec> see Specifying Modules.

       For an explanation of <transaction-spec> see Specifying Transactions.

   Alias Command
       Command: alias

       Allows the user to define and manage a list of aliases (in the form  <name=value>),  which
       can  be  then used as dnf commands to abbreviate longer command sequences. For examples on
       using the alias command, see Alias Examples. For examples on  the  alias  processing,  see
       Alias Processing Examples.

       To  use  an  alias  (name=value), the name must be placed as the first "command" (e.g. the
       first argument that is not an option). It is then replaced by its value and the  resulting
       sequence  is  again  searched for aliases. The alias processing stops when the first found
       command is not a name of any alias.

       In case the processing would result in an infinite recursion, the original  arguments  are
       used instead.

       Also,  like  in  shell  aliases,  if the result starts with a \, the alias processing will
       stop.

       All aliases are defined in configuration files in the /etc/dnf/aliases.d/ directory in the
       [aliases]  section,  and aliases created by the alias command are written to the USER.conf
       file. In case of conflicts, the USER.conf  has  the  highest  priority,  and  alphabetical
       ordering is used for the rest of the configuration files.

       Optionally, there is the enabled option in the [main] section defaulting to True. This can
       be set for each file separately in the respective file, or globally for all aliases in the
       ALIASES.conf file.

       dnf alias [options] [list] [<name>...]
          List  aliases  with  their  final result. The [<alias>...] parameter further limits the
          result to only those aliases matching it.

       dnf alias [options] add <name=value>...
          Create new aliases.

       dnf alias [options] delete <name>...
          Delete aliases.

   Alias Examples
       dnf alias list
              Lists all defined aliases.

       dnf alias add rm=remove
              Adds a new command alias called rm which works the same as the remove command.

       dnf alias add upgrade="\upgrade --skip-broken --disableexcludes=all --obsoletes"
              Adds a new command alias called  upgrade  which  works  the  same  as  the  upgrade
              command,  with  additional  options.  Note  that  the  original  upgrade command is
              prefixed with a \ to prevent an infinite loop in alias processing.

   Alias Processing Examples
       If there are defined aliases in=install and FORCE="--skip-broken --disableexcludes=all":

       • dnf FORCE in will be replaced with dnf --skip-broken --disableexcludes=all installdnf in FORCE will be replaced with dnf install FORCE (which will fail)

       If there is defined alias in=install:

       • dnf in will be replaced with dnf installdnf --repo updates in will be replaced with dnf --repo updates in (which will fail)

   Autoremove Command
       Command: autoremove
       Aliases for explicit NEVRA matching: autoremove-n, autoremove-na, autoremove-nevra

       dnf [options] autoremove
          Removes all  "leaf"  packages  from  the  system  that  were  originally  installed  as
          dependencies  of  user-installed packages, but which are no longer required by any such
          package.

       Packages listed in installonlypkgs are never automatically removed by this command.

       dnf [options] autoremove <spec>...
          This is an alias for the Remove Command command with  clean_requirements_on_remove  set
          to  True.  It  removes  the  specified packages from the system along with any packages
          depending on the packages being removed. Each <spec> can be  either  a  <package-spec>,
          which   specifies   a   package  directly,  or  a  @<group-spec>,  which  specifies  an
          (environment) group which contains it. It also removes any  dependencies  that  are  no
          longer needed.

          There  are  also  a  few  specific  autoremove commands autoremove-n, autoremove-na and
          autoremove-nevra that allow the  specification  of  an  exact  argument  in  the  NEVRA
          (name-epoch:version-release.architecture) format.

       This  command  by  default  does  not  force a sync of expired metadata. See also Metadata
       Synchronization.

   Check Command
       Command: check

       dnf [options] check [--dependencies] [--duplicates] [--obsoleted] [--provides]
          Checks the local packagedb and produces information on any problems it finds.  You  can
          limit the checks to be performed by using the --dependencies, --duplicates, --obsoleted
          and --provides options (the default is to check everything).

   Check-Update Command
       Command: check-update
       Aliases: check-upgrade

       dnf [options] check-update [--changelogs] [<package-file-spec>...]
          Non-interactively checks if updates of the specified  packages  are  available.  If  no
          <package-file-spec>  is given, checks whether any updates at all are available for your
          system. DNF exit code will be 100 when there are updates available and a  list  of  the
          updates  will  be printed, 0 if not and 1 if an error occurs. If --changelogs option is
          specified, also changelog delta of packages about to be updated is printed.

          Please note that having a specific newer version available  for  an  installed  package
          (and  reported by check-update) does not imply that subsequent dnf upgrade will install
          it. The difference is that dnf upgrade  has  restrictions  (like  package  dependencies
          being satisfied) to take into account.

          The output is affected by the autocheck_running_kernel configuration option.

   Clean Command
       Command: clean

       Performs  cleanup  of  temporary  files kept for repositories. This includes any such data
       left behind from disabled or removed repositories as well as  for  different  distribution
       release versions.

       dnf clean dbcache
              Removes  cache  files  generated  from  the repository metadata. This forces DNF to
              regenerate the cache files the next time it is run.

       dnf clean expire-cache
              Marks the repository metadata expired. DNF will  re-validate  the  cache  for  each
              repository the next time it is used.

       dnf clean metadata
              Removes  repository  metadata.  Those are the files which DNF uses to determine the
              remote availability of packages. Using this option will make DNF download  all  the
              metadata the next time it is run.

       dnf clean packages
              Removes any cached packages from the system.

       dnf clean all
              Does all of the above.

   Deplist Command
       dnf [options] deplist [<select-options>] [<query-options>] [<package-spec>]
              Deprecated alias for dnf repoquery --deplist.

   Distro-Sync Command
       Command: distro-sync
       Aliases: dsync
       Deprecated aliases: distrosync, distribution-synchronization

       dnf distro-sync [<package-spec>...]
              As necessary upgrades, downgrades or keeps selected installed packages to match the
              latest version available from any enabled repository. If no package is  given,  all
              installed packages are considered.

              See also Configuration Files Replacement Policy.

   Downgrade Command
       Command: downgrade
       Aliases: dg

       dnf [options] downgrade <package-spec>...
              Downgrades  the  specified packages to the highest installable package of all known
              lower versions if possible. When version is given and  is  lower  than  version  of
              installed package then it downgrades to target version.

   Group Command
       Command: group
       Aliases: grp
       Deprecated aliases: groups, grouplist, groupinstall, groupupdate, groupremove, grouperase, groupinfo

       Groups  are  virtual  collections  of  packages.  DNF  keeps track of groups that the user
       selected ("marked") installed and can  manipulate  the  comprising  packages  with  simple
       commands.

       dnf [options] group [summary] <group-spec>
              Display overview of how many groups are installed and available. With a spec, limit
              the output to the matching groups. summary is the default groups subcommand.

       dnf [options] group info <group-spec>
              Display package lists of a group. Shows which packages are installed  or  available
              from a repository when -v is used.

       dnf [options] group install [--with-optional] <group-spec>...
              Mark  the  specified group installed and install packages it contains. Also include
              optional packages of the group if --with-optional is specified. All  mandatory  and
              Default  packages  will  be  installed whenever possible.  Conditional packages are
              installed if they meet their requirement.  If  the  group  is  already  (partially)
              installed,  the command installs the missing packages from the group.  Depending on
              the value of obsoletes configuration option group installation takes obsoletes into
              account.

       dnf [options] group list <group-spec>...
              List all matching groups, either among installed or available groups. If nothing is
              specified, list all known groups. --installed and --available options  narrow  down
              the  requested  list.   Records  are  ordered  by  the display_order tag defined in
              comps.xml file.  Provides a list of all hidden groups  by  using  option  --hidden.
              Provides group IDs when the -v or --ids options are used.

       dnf [options] group remove <group-spec>...
              Mark the group removed and remove those packages in the group from the system which
              do not belong to another installed group and were not installed explicitly  by  the
              user.

       dnf [options] group upgrade <group-spec>...
              Upgrades  the  packages  from  the  group and upgrades the group itself. The latter
              comprises of installing packages that were added to the group by  the  distribution
              and  removing  packages  that  got  removed  from the group as far as they were not
              installed explicitly by the user.

       Groups can also be  marked  installed  or  removed  without  physically  manipulating  any
       packages:

       dnf [options] group mark install <group-spec>...
              Mark  the specified group installed. No packages will be installed by this command,
              but the group is then considered installed.

       dnf [options] group mark remove <group-spec>...
              Mark the specified group removed. No packages will be removed by this command.

       See also Configuration Files Replacement Policy.

   Help Command
       Command: help

       dnf help [<command>]
              Displays the help text for all commands. If given a command name then only displays
              help for that particular command.

   History Command
       Command: history
       Aliases: hist

       The history command allows the user to view what has happened in past transactions and act
       according to this information (assuming the history_record configuration option is set).

       dnf history [list] [--reverse] [<spec>...]
              The default history action is listing information about  given  transactions  in  a
              table.   Each  <spec>  can  be  either  a  <transaction-spec>,  which  specifies  a
              transaction directly, or a <transaction-spec>..<transaction-spec>, which  specifies
              a range of transactions, or a <package-name-spec>, which specifies a transaction by
              a package which it manipulated. When no transaction is specified,  list  all  known
              transactions.

              --reverse
                     The order of history list output is printed in reverse order.

       dnf history info [<spec>...]
              Describe  the  given  transactions.  The  meaning  of  <spec> is the same as in the
              History List Command. When no transaction  is  specified,  describe  what  happened
              during the latest transaction.

       dnf history redo <transaction-spec>|<package-file-spec>
              Repeat  the  specified transaction. Uses the last transaction (with the highest ID)
              if more than one transaction for given <package-file-spec> is found. If it  is  not
              possible  to  redo  some  operations due to the current state of RPMDB, it will not
              redo the transaction.

       dnf history replay [--ignore-installed] [--ignore-extras] [--skip-unavailable] <filename>
              Replay a transaction stored in file <filename> by History Store Command. The replay
              will  perform  the  exact  same  operations  on  the  packages  as  in the original
              transaction and will return with an error if case of any differences  in  installed
              packages  or  their versions. See also the Transaction JSON Format specification of
              the file format.

              --ignore-installed
                     Don't check for the installed packages being in  the  same  state  as  those
                     recorded  in  the  transaction.  E.g. in case there is an upgrade foo-1.0 ->
                     foo-2.0 stored in the transaction, but there is  foo-1.1  installed  on  the
                     target system.

              --ignore-extras
                     Don't  check  for  extra  packages pulled into the transaction on the target
                     system. E.g. the target system may  not  have  some  dependency,  which  was
                     installed on the source system. The replay errors out on this by default, as
                     the transaction would not be the same.

              --skip-unavailable
                     In case some packages stored in the transaction are  not  available  on  the
                     target system, skip them instead of erroring out.

       dnf history rollback <transaction-spec>|<package-file-spec>
              Undo  all  transactions  performed  after  the specified transaction. Uses the last
              transaction  (with  the  highest  ID)  if  more  than  one  transaction  for  given
              <package-file-spec>  is found.  If it is not possible to undo some transactions due
              to the current state of RPMDB, it will not undo any transaction.

       dnf history store [--output <output-file>] <transaction-spec>
              Store a transaction specified by <transaction-spec>. The transaction can  later  be
              replayed by the History Replay Command.

              Warning: The stored transaction format is considered unstable and may change at any
              time. It will work if the same version of dnf is  used  to  store  and  replay  (or
              between versions as long as it stays the same).

              -o  <output-file>,  --output=<output-file>  Store  the  serialized transaction into
              <output-file. Default is transaction.json.

       dnf history undo <transaction-spec>|<package-file-spec>
              Perform the opposite  operation  to  all  operations  performed  in  the  specified
              transaction.   Uses  the  last  transaction  (with the highest ID) if more than one
              transaction for given <package-file-spec> is found. If it is not possible  to  undo
              some  operations  due  to  the  current  state  of  RPMDB,  it  will  not  undo the
              transaction.

       dnf history userinstalled
              Show all installonly packages, packages installed outside of DNF and  packages  not
              installed  as  dependency. I.e. it lists packages that will stay on the system when
              Autoremove  Command  or  Remove  Command  along  with  clean_requirements_on_remove
              configuration  option  set  to  True  is  executed.  Note  the  same results can be
              accomplished with dnf repoquery --userinstalled, and the repoquery command is  more
              powerful in formatting of the output.

       This  command  by  default does not force a sync of expired metadata, except for the redo,
       rollback, and undo subcommands.  See also Metadata Synchronization and Configuration Files
       Replacement Policy.

   Info Command
       Command: info
       Aliases: if

       dnf [options] info [<package-file-spec>...]
              Lists description and summary information about installed and available packages.

       The info command limits the displayed packages the same way as the list command.

       This  command  by  default  does  not  force a sync of expired metadata. See also Metadata
       Synchronization.

   Install Command
       Command: install
       Aliases: in
       Aliases for explicit NEVRA matching: install-n, install-na, install-nevra
       Deprecated aliases: localinstall

       dnf [options] install <spec>...
              Makes sure that the given packages and their  dependencies  are  installed  on  the
              system.  Each  <spec>  can be either a <package-spec>, or a @<module-spec>, or a @‐
              <group-spec>.  See Install Examples.  If a given package or provide cannot be  (and
              is  not  already) installed, the exit code will be non-zero.  If the <spec> matches
              both a @<module-spec> and a @<group-spec>, only the module is installed.

              When <package-spec> to specify the exact version of the package is given, DNF  will
              install  the  desired  version,  no  matter which version of the package is already
              installed. The former version of the  package  will  be  removed  in  the  case  of
              non-installonly package.

              On  the  other  hand  if  <package-spec> specifies only a name, DNF also takes into
              account packages obsoleting  it  when  picking  which  package  to  install.   This
              behaviour is specific to the install command.  Note that this can lead to seemingly
              unexpected results if a package has multiple versions and  some  older  version  is
              being  obsoleted.  It  creates  a  split  in  the  upgrade-path  and  both ways are
              considered correct, the resulting  package  is  picked  simply  by  lexicographical
              order.

              There   are  also  a  few  specific  install  commands  install-n,  install-na  and
              install-nevra that allow the specification  of  an  exact  argument  in  the  NEVRA
              format.

              See also Configuration Files Replacement Policy.

   Install Examples
       dnf install tito
              Install the tito package (tito is the package name).

       dnf install ~/Downloads/tito-0.6.2-1.fc22.noarch.rpm
              Install  a  local  rpm  file  tito-0.6.2-1.fc22.noarch.rpm  from  the  ~/Downloads/
              directory.

       dnf install tito-0.5.6-1.fc22
              Install the package with a specific version. If the package is already installed it
              will automatically try to downgrade or upgrade to the specific version.

       dnf --best install tito
              Install  the  latest  available  version  of the package. If the package is already
              installed it will try to automatically upgrade to the latest version. If the latest
              version of the package cannot be installed, the installation will fail.

       dnf install vim
              DNF  will  automatically recognize that vim is not a package name, but will look up
              and install a package that provides vim with all the required  dependencies.  Note:
              Package name match has precedence over package provides match.

       dnf                                                                                install
       https://kojipkgs.fedoraproject.org//packages/tito/0.6.0/1.fc22/noarch/tito-0.6.0-1.fc22.noarch.rpm
              Install a package directly from a URL.

       dnf install '@docker'
              Install  all default profiles of module 'docker' and their RPMs. Module streams get
              enabled accordingly.

       dnf install '@Web Server'
              Install the 'Web Server' environmental group.

       dnf install /usr/bin/rpmsign
              Install a package that provides the /usr/bin/rpmsign file.

       dnf -y install tito --setopt=install_weak_deps=False
              Install the tito package (tito is the package name) without weak  deps.  Weak  deps
              are  not  required  for  core  functionality  of  the package, but they enhance the
              original package  (like  extended  documentation,  plugins,  additional  functions,
              etc.).

       dnf install --advisory=FEDORA-2018-b7b99fe852 \*
              Install all packages that belong to the "FEDORA-2018-b7b99fe852" advisory.

   List Command
       Command: list
       Aliases: ls

       Prints  lists  of packages depending on the packages' relation to the system. A package is
       installed if it is present in the RPMDB, and it is available if it is not installed but is
       present in a repository that DNF knows about.

       The  list  command also limits the displayed packages according to specific criteria, e.g.
       to only those that update an installed package (respecting the repository  priority).  The
       exclude  option  in  the  configuration  file  can  influence  the  result,  but if the -‐
       -disableexcludes command line option is used, it ensures that all installed packages  will
       be listed.

       dnf [options] list [--all] [<package-file-spec>...]
              Lists all packages, present in the RPMDB, in a repository or both.

       dnf [options] list --installed [<package-file-spec>...]
              Lists installed packages.

       dnf [options] list --available [<package-file-spec>...]
              Lists available packages.

       dnf [options] list --extras [<package-file-spec>...]
              Lists  extras,  that  is packages installed on the system that are not available in
              any known repository.

       dnf [options] list --obsoletes [<package-file-spec>...]
              List packages installed on the system that are obsoleted by packages in  any  known
              repository.

       dnf [options] list --recent [<package-file-spec>...]
              List packages recently added into the repositories.

       dnf [options] list --upgrades [<package-file-spec>...]
              List upgrades available for the installed packages.

       dnf [options] list --autoremove
              List packages which will be removed by the dnf autoremove command.

       This  command  by  default  does  not  force a sync of expired metadata. See also Metadata
       Synchronization.

   Makecache Command
       Command: makecache
       Aliases: mc

       dnf [options] makecache
              Downloads and caches metadata for enabled repositories. Tries to avoid  downloading
              whenever  possible  (e.g.  when  the  local metadata hasn't expired yet or when the
              metadata timestamp hasn't changed).

       dnf [options] makecache --timer
              Like plain makecache, but instructs DNF to be more resource-aware, meaning it  will
              not  do anything if running on battery power and will terminate immediately if it's
              too  soon   after   the   last   successful   makecache   run   (see   dnf.conf(5),
              metadata_timer_sync).

   Mark Command
       Command: mark

       dnf mark install <package-spec>...
              Marks  the  specified  packages  as  installed  by  user. This can be useful if any
              package was installed as a dependency and is desired to stay  on  the  system  when
              Autoremove  Command  or  Remove  Command  along  with  clean_requirements_on_remove
              configuration option set to True is executed.

       dnf mark remove <package-spec>...
              Unmarks the specified packages as installed by user. Whenever you as a  user  don't
              need a specific package you can mark it for removal. The package stays installed on
              the system but will be removed when Autoremove Command or Remove Command along with
              clean_requirements_on_remove  configuration  option  set  to  True is executed. You
              should use this operation instead of Remove Command if you're not sure whether  the
              package is a requirement of other user installed packages on the system.

       dnf mark group <package-spec>...
              Marks  the  specified  packages  as  installed  by group. This can be useful if any
              package was installed as a dependency or a user and is desired to be protected  and
              handled as a group member like during group remove.

   Module Command
       Command: module

       Modularity  overview  is available at man page dnf.modularity(7).  Module subcommands take
       <module-spec>... arguments that specify modules or profiles.

       dnf [options] module install <module-spec>...
              Install module  profiles,  including  their  packages.   In  case  no  profile  was
              provided,   all  default  profiles  get  installed.   Module  streams  get  enabled
              accordingly.

              This command cannot be used for  switching  module  streams.  Use  the  dnf  module
              switch-to command for that.

       dnf [options] module update <module-spec>...
              Update packages associated with an active module stream, optionally restricted to a
              profile.  If the profile_name is provided, only the  packages  referenced  by  that
              profile will be updated.

       dnf [options] module switch-to <module-spec>...
              Switch  to  or  enable  a  module  stream, change versions of installed packages to
              versions provided by the new stream, and remove packages from the old  stream  that
              are  no  longer available. It also updates installed profiles if they are available
              for the new stream. When a profile was provided, it installs that profile and  does
              not update any already installed profiles.

              This  command  can  be used as a stronger version of the dnf module enable command,
              which not only enables modules, but also does a distrosync to all modular  packages
              in the enabled modules.

              It can also be used as a stronger version of the dnf module install command, but it
              requires to specify profiles that are supposed to be installed,  because  switch-to
              command  does  not use default profiles. The switch-to command doesn't only install
              profiles, it also makes a distrosync to  all  modular  packages  in  the  installed
              module.

       dnf [options] module remove <module-spec>...
              Remove  installed  module profiles, including packages that were installed with the
              dnf module install command. Will not remove packages required  by  other  installed
              module  profiles  or  by  other  user-installed  packages.   In case no profile was
              provided, all installed profiles get removed.

       dnf [options] module remove --all <module-spec>...
              Remove installed module profiles, including packages that were installed  with  the
              dnf module install command.  With --all option it additionally removes all packages
              whose names are provided by specified modules. Packages required by other installed
              module  profiles and packages whose names are also provided by any other module are
              not removed.

       dnf [options] module enable <module-spec>...
              Enable a module stream and make the stream RPMs available in the package set.

              Modular dependencies  are  resolved,  dependencies  checked  and  also  recursively
              enabled.  In  case  of  modular dependency issue the operation will be rejected. To
              perform the action anyway please use --skip-broken option.

              This command cannot be used for  switching  module  streams.  Use  the  dnf  module
              switch-to command for that.

       dnf [options] module disable <module-name>...
              Disable   a   module.   All   related   module  streams  will  become  unavailable.
              Consequently, all installed profiles will be  removed  and  the  module  RPMs  will
              become  unavailable  in  the  package  set. In case of modular dependency issue the
              operation will be rejected. To perform the action anyway please  use  --skip-broken
              option.

       dnf [options] module reset <module-name>...
              Reset  module  state  so  it's  no  longer  enabled or disabled.  Consequently, all
              installed profiles will be removed and only RPMs from the default  stream  will  be
              available in the package set.

       dnf [options] module provides <package-name-spec>...
              Lists all modular packages matching <package-name-spec> from all modules (including
              disabled), along with the modules and streams they belong to.

       dnf [options] module list [--all] [module_name...]
              Lists all module streams, their profiles and states (enabled, disabled, default).

       dnf [options] module list --enabled [module_name...]
              Lists module streams that are enabled.

       dnf [options] module list --disabled [module_name...]
              Lists module streams that are disabled.

       dnf [options] module list --installed [module_name...]
              List module streams with installed profiles.

       dnf [options] module info <module-spec>...
              Print detailed information about given module stream.

       dnf [options] module info --profile <module-spec>...
              Print detailed information about given module profiles.

       dnf [options] module repoquery <module-spec>...
              List all available packages belonging to selected modules.

       dnf [options] module repoquery --available <module-spec>...
              List all available packages belonging to selected modules.

       dnf [options] module repoquery --installed <module-spec>...
              List all installed packages with same name  like  packages  belonging  to  selected
              modules.

   Provides Command
       Command: provides
       Aliases: prov, whatprovides, wp

       dnf [options] provides <provide-spec>
              Finds  the  packages  providing  the  given <provide-spec>. This is useful when one
              knows a filename and wants to find what package (installed or  not)  provides  this
              file.  The <provide-spec> is gradually looked for at following locations:

              1. The <provide-spec> is matched with all file provides of any available package:

                    $ dnf provides /usr/bin/gzip
                    gzip-1.9-9.fc29.x86_64 : The GNU data compression program
                    Matched from:
                    Filename    : /usr/bin/gzip

              2. Then all provides of all available packages are searched:

                    $ dnf provides "gzip(x86-64)"
                    gzip-1.9-9.fc29.x86_64 : The GNU data compression program
                    Matched from:
                    Provide     : gzip(x86-64) = 1.9-9.fc29

              3. DNF  assumes  that  the  <provide-spec>  is  a  system command, prepends it with
                 /usr/bin/, /usr/sbin/ prefixes (one at a time) and does the file provides search
                 again.  For legacy reasons (packages that didn't do UsrMove) also /bin and /sbin
                 prefixes are being searched:

                    $ dnf provides zless
                    gzip-1.9-9.fc29.x86_64 : The GNU data compression program
                    Matched from:
                    Filename    : /usr/bin/zless

              4. If this last step also fails, DNF returns "Error: No Matches found".

              This command by default does not  force  a  sync  of  expired  metadata.  See  also
              Metadata Synchronization.

   Reinstall Command
       Command: reinstall
       Aliases: rei

       dnf [options] reinstall <package-spec>...
              Installs  the  specified  packages,  fails  if  some of the packages are either not
              installed or not available (i.e. there is no repository where to download the  same
              RPM).

   Remove Command
       Command: remove
       Aliases: rm
       Aliases for explicit NEVRA matching: remove-n, remove-na, remove-nevra
       Deprecated aliases: erase, erase-n, erase-na, erase-nevra

       dnf [options] remove <package-spec>...
              Removes the specified packages from the system along with any packages depending on
              the packages being removed. Each <spec>  can  be  either  a  <package-spec>,  which
              specifies  a package directly, or a @<group-spec>, which specifies an (environment)
              group which contains it. If clean_requirements_on_remove is enabled (the  default),
              also removes any dependencies that are no longer needed.

       dnf [options] remove --duplicates
              Removes older versions of duplicate packages. To ensure the integrity of the system
              it reinstalls the  newest  package.  In  some  cases  the  command  cannot  resolve
              conflicts. In such cases the dnf shell command with remove --duplicates and upgrade
              dnf-shell sub-commands could help.

       dnf [options] remove --oldinstallonly
              Removes old installonly packages, keeping  only  latest  versions  and  version  of
              running kernel.

              There  are also a few specific remove commands remove-n, remove-na and remove-nevra
              that allow the specification of an exact argument in the NEVRA format.

   Remove Examples
       dnf remove acpi tito
              Remove the acpi and tito packages.

       dnf remove $(dnf repoquery --extras --exclude=tito,acpi)
              Remove packages not present in any repository, but don't remove the tito  and  acpi
              packages  (they  still  might  be  removed  if  they  depend on some of the removed
              packages).

       Remove older versions of duplicated  packages  (an  equivalent  of  yum's  package-cleanup
       --cleandups):

          dnf remove --duplicates

   Repoinfo Command
       Command: repoinfo

          An  alias  for  the  repolist  command that provides more detailed information like dnf
          repolist -v.

   Repolist Command
       Command: repolist

       dnf [options] repolist [--enabled|--disabled|--all]
              Depending on the exact command lists enabled, disabled or all  known  repositories.
              Lists  all enabled repositories by default. Provides more detailed information when
              -v option is used.

       This command by default does not force a sync  of  expired  metadata.  See  also  Metadata
       Synchronization.

   Repoquery Command
       Command: repoquery
       Aliases: rq
       Aliases for explicit NEVRA matching: repoquery-n, repoquery-na, repoquery-nevra

       dnf [options] repoquery [<select-options>] [<query-options>] [<package-file-spec>]
              Searches  available  DNF  repositories  for  selected  packages  and  displays  the
              requested information about them.  It  is  an  equivalent  of  rpm  -q  for  remote
              repositories.

       dnf [options] repoquery --groupmember <package-spec>...
              List groups that contain <package-spec>.

       dnf [options] repoquery --querytags
              Provides the list of tags recognized by the --queryformat repoquery option.

              There  are  also  a  few  specific repoquery commands repoquery-n, repoquery-na and
              repoquery-nevra that allow the specification of an  exact  argument  in  the  NEVRA
              format (does not affect arguments of options like --whatprovides <arg>, ...).

   Select Options
       Together  with  <package-file-spec>, control what packages are displayed in the output. If
       <package-file-spec> is given, limits the resulting set of packages to those  matching  the
       specification. All packages are considered if no <package-file-spec> is specified.

       <package-file-spec>
              Package          specification          in         the         NEVRA         format
              (name[-[epoch:]version[-release]][.arch]), a package provide or a file provide. See
              Specifying Packages.

       -a, --all
              Query  all packages (for rpmquery compatibility, also a shorthand for repoquery '*'
              or repoquery without arguments).

       --arch <arch>[,<arch>...], --archlist <arch>[,<arch>...]
              Limit the resulting set only to packages of selected architectures (default is  all
              architectures). In some cases the result is affected by the basearch of the running
              system, therefore to run repoquery for an arch incompatible with  your  system  use
              the --forcearch=<arch> option to change the basearch.

       --duplicates
              Limit the resulting set to installed duplicate packages (i.e. more package versions
              for the same name and architecture). Installonly packages are  excluded  from  this
              set.

       --unneeded
              Limit  the  resulting set to leaves packages that were installed as dependencies so
              they are no longer needed. This switch lists packages that are going to be  removed
              after executing the dnf autoremove command.

       --available
              Limit the resulting set to available packages only (set by default).

       --disable-modular-filtering
              Disables filtering of modular packages, so that packages of inactive module streams
              are included in the result.

       --extras
              Limit the resulting set to packages that are not present in any  of  the  available
              repositories.

       -f <file>, --file <file>
              Limit the resulting set only to the package that owns <file>.

       --installed
              Limit  the  resulting  set  to  installed  packages only. The exclude option in the
              configuration file might influence the result, but if the command line  option   -‐
              -disableexcludes is used, it ensures that all installed packages will be listed.

       --installonly
              Limit the resulting set to installed installonly packages.

       --latest-limit <number>
              Limit  the  resulting set to <number> of latest packages for every package name and
              architecture.  If <number> is negative, skip <number> of  latest  packages.  For  a
              negative <number> use the --latest-limit=<number> syntax.

       --recent
              Limit the resulting set to packages that were recently edited.

       --repo <repoid>
              Limit  the resulting set only to packages from a repository identified by <repoid>.
              Can be used multiple times with accumulative effect.

       --unsatisfied
              Report unsatisfied dependencies among installed packages (i.e. missing requires and
              existing conflicts).

       --upgrades
              Limit  the  resulting  set  to  packages  that  provide an upgrade for some already
              installed package.

       --userinstalled
              Limit the resulting set to packages installed by the user. The  exclude  option  in
              the  configuration  file might influence the result, but if the command line option
              --disableexcludes is used, it ensures that all installed packages will be listed.

       --whatdepends <capability>[,<capability>...]
              Limit the resulting set only to packages that require, enhance, recommend,  suggest
              or supplement any of <capabilities>.

       --whatconflicts <capability>[,<capability>...]
              Limit the resulting set only to packages that conflict with any of <capabilities>.

       --whatenhances <capability>[,<capability>...]
              Limit the resulting set only to packages that enhance any of <capabilities>. Use -‐
              -whatdepends if you want to list all depending packages.

       --whatobsoletes <capability>[,<capability>...]
              Limit the resulting set only to packages that obsolete any of <capabilities>.

       --whatprovides <capability>[,<capability>...]
              Limit the resulting set only to packages that provide any of <capabilities>.

       --whatrecommends <capability>[,<capability>...]
              Limit the resulting set only to packages that recommend any of <capabilities>.  Use
              --whatdepends if you want to list all depending packages.

       --whatrequires <capability>[,<capability>...]
              Limit the resulting set only to packages that require any of <capabilities>. Use -‐
              -whatdepends if you want to list all depending packages.

       --whatsuggests <capability>[,<capability>...]
              Limit the resulting set only to packages that suggest any of <capabilities>. Use -‐
              -whatdepends if you want to list all depending packages.

       --whatsupplements <capability>[,<capability>...]
              Limit the resulting set only to packages that supplement any of <capabilities>. Use
              --whatdepends if you want to list all depending packages.

       --alldeps
              This option is stackable with --whatrequires or --whatdepends only. Additionally it
              adds  all  packages  requiring  the  package  features  to  the result set (used as
              default).

       --exactdeps
              This option is stackable with  --whatrequires  or  --whatdepends  only.  Limit  the
              resulting   set   only   to   packages   that  require  <capability>  specified  by
              --whatrequires.

       --srpm Operate on the corresponding source RPM.

   Query Options
       Set what information is displayed about each package.

       The following are mutually exclusive, i.e. at most one  can  be  specified.  If  no  query
       option is given, matching packages are displayed in the standard NEVRA notation.

       -i, --info
              Show detailed information about the package.

       -l, --list
              Show the list of files in the package.

       -s, --source
              Show the package source RPM name.

       --changelogs
              Print the package changelogs.

       --conflicts
              Display capabilities that the package conflicts with. Same as --qf "%{conflicts}.

       --depends
              Display capabilities that the package depends on, enhances, recommends, suggests or
              supplements.

       --enhances
              Display capabilities enhanced by the package. Same as --qf "%{enhances}"".

       --location
              Show a location where the package could be downloaded from.

       --obsoletes
              Display capabilities that the package obsoletes. Same as --qf "%{obsoletes}".

       --provides
              Display capabilities provided by the package. Same as --qf "%{provides}".

       --recommends
              Display capabilities recommended by the package. Same as --qf "%{recommends}".

       --requires
              Display capabilities that the package depends on. Same as --qf "%{requires}".

       --requires-pre
              Display capabilities that the package depends on for running a %pre  script.   Same
              as --qf "%{requires-pre}".

       --suggests
              Display capabilities suggested by the package. Same as --qf "%{suggests}".

       --supplements
              Display capabilities supplemented by the package. Same as --qf "%{supplements}".

       --tree Display  a  recursive  tree  of  packages with capabilities specified by one of the
              following   supplementary   options:   --whatrequires,   --requires,   --conflicts,
              --enhances, --suggests, --provides, --supplements, --recommends.

       --deplist
              Produce  a  list  of  all  direct  dependencies  and  what  packages  provide those
              dependencies for the given packages. The result only  shows  the  newest  providers
              (which can be changed by using --verbose).

       --nvr  Show   found   packages   in   the   name-version-release   format.  Same  as  --qf
              "%{name}-%{version}-%{release}".

       --nevra
              Show found packages in the name-epoch:version-release.architecture format. Same  as
              --qf "%{name}-%{epoch}:%{version}-%{release}.%{arch}" (default).

       --envra
              Show  found packages in the epoch:name-version-release.architecture format. Same as
              --qf "%{epoch}:%{name}-%{version}-%{release}.%{arch}"

       --qf <format>, --queryformat <format>
              Custom display format. <format> is the string to output for each  matched  package.
              Every  occurrence  of %{<tag>} within is replaced by the corresponding attribute of
              the package. The list of recognized tags can be displayed by running dnf  repoquery
              --querytags.

       --recursive
              Query  packages  recursively.  Has to be used with --whatrequires <REQ> (optionally
              with --alldeps, but not with --exactdeps) or with --requires <REQ> --resolve.

       --resolve
              resolve capabilities to originating package(s).

   Examples
       Display NEVRAs of all available packages matching light*:

          dnf repoquery 'light*'

       Display NEVRAs of all available packages matching  name  light*  and  architecture  noarch
       (accepts only arguments in the "<name>.<arch>" format):

          dnf repoquery-na 'light*.noarch'

       Display requires of all lighttpd packages:

          dnf repoquery --requires lighttpd

       Display packages providing the requires of python packages:

          dnf repoquery --requires python --resolve

       Display source rpm of ligttpd package:

          dnf repoquery --source lighttpd

       Display package name that owns the given file:

          dnf repoquery --file /etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.conf

       Display name, architecture and the containing repository of all lighttpd packages:

          dnf repoquery --queryformat '%{name}.%{arch} : %{reponame}' lighttpd

       Display all available packages providing "webserver":

          dnf repoquery --whatprovides webserver

       Display all available packages providing "webserver" but only for "i686" architecture:

          dnf repoquery --whatprovides webserver --arch i686

       Display duplicate packages:

          dnf repoquery --duplicates

       Display source packages that require a <provide> for a build:

          dnf repoquery --disablerepo="*" --enablerepo="*-source" --arch=src --whatrequires <provide>

   Repository-Packages Command
       Command: repository-packages
       Deprecated aliases: repo-pkgs, repo-packages, repository-pkgs

       The  repository-packages command allows the user to run commands on top of all packages in
       the repository named <repoid>. However,  any  dependency  resolution  takes  into  account
       packages  from  all  enabled  repositories.  The  <package-file-spec>  and  <package-spec>
       specifications further limit the candidates to only those packages matching at  least  one
       of them.

       The  info subcommand lists description and summary information about packages depending on
       the packages' relation to the repository. The list subcommand just prints lists  of  those
       packages.

       dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> check-update [<package-file-spec>...]
              Non-interactively checks if updates of the specified packages in the repository are
              available. DNF exit code will be 100 when there are updates available and a list of
              the updates will be printed.

       dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> info [--all] [<package-file-spec>...]
              List all related packages.

       dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> info --installed [<package-file-spec>...]
              List packages installed from the repository.

       dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> info --available [<package-file-spec>...]
              List  packages  available  in  the  repository  but  not currently installed on the
              system.

       dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> info --extras [<package-file-specs>...]
              List packages  installed  from  the  repository  that  are  not  available  in  any
              repository.

       dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> info --obsoletes [<package-file-spec>...]
              List packages in the repository that obsolete packages installed on the system.

       dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> info --recent [<package-file-spec>...]
              List packages recently added into the repository.

       dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> info --upgrades [<package-file-spec>...]
              List packages in the repository that upgrade packages installed on the system.

       dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> install [<package-spec>...]
              Install  packages  matching  <package-spec>  from the repository. If <package-spec>
              isn't specified at all, install all packages from the repository.

       dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> list [--all] [<package-file-spec>...]
              List all related packages.

       dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> list --installed [<package-file-spec>...]
              List packages installed from the repository.

       dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> list --available [<package-file-spec>...]
              List packages available in the  repository  but  not  currently  installed  on  the
              system.

       dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> list --extras [<package-file-spec>...]
              List  packages  installed  from  the  repository  that  are  not  available  in any
              repository.

       dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> list --obsoletes [<package-file-spec>...]
              List packages in the repository that obsolete packages installed on the system.

       dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> list --recent [<package-file-spec>...]
              List packages recently added into the repository.

       dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> list --upgrades [<package-file-spec>...]
              List packages in the repository that upgrade packages installed on the system.

       dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> move-to [<package-spec>...]
              Reinstall all those packages that are available in the repository.

       dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> reinstall [<package-spec>...]
              Run the reinstall-old subcommand. If it fails, run the move-to subcommand.

       dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> reinstall-old [<package-spec>...]
              Reinstall  all  those  packages  that  were  installed  from  the  repository   and
              simultaneously are available in the repository.

       dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> remove [<package-spec>...]
              Remove all packages installed from the repository along with any packages depending
              on the packages being removed.  If  clean_requirements_on_remove  is  enabled  (the
              default) also removes any dependencies that are no longer needed.

       dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> remove-or-distro-sync [<package-spec>...]
              Select all packages installed from the repository. Upgrade, downgrade or keep those
              of them that are available in  another  repository  to  match  the  latest  version
              available  there  and  remove  the  others along with any packages depending on the
              packages being removed. If clean_requirements_on_remove is  enabled  (the  default)
              also removes any dependencies that are no longer needed.

       dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> remove-or-reinstall [<package-spec>...]
              Select all packages installed from the repository. Reinstall those of them that are
              available in another repository and remove  the  others  along  with  any  packages
              depending on the packages being removed. If clean_requirements_on_remove is enabled
              (the default) also removes any dependencies that are no longer needed.

       dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> upgrade [<package-spec>...]
              Update all packages to the highest resolvable version available in the  repository.
              When versions are specified in the <package-spec>, update to these versions.

       dnf [options] repository-packages <repoid> upgrade-to [<package-specs>...]
              A deprecated alias for the upgrade subcommand.

   Search Command
       Command: search
       Aliases: se

       dnf [options] search [--all] <keywords>...
              Search  package  metadata  for  keywords.  Keywords are matched as case-insensitive
              substrings, globbing is supported.   By  default  lists  packages  that  match  all
              requested  keys  (AND operation). Keys are searched in package names and summaries.
              If the "--all" option is used, lists packages that match at least one of  the  keys
              (an  OR  operation).  In addition the keys are searched in the package descriptions
              and URLs.  The result is sorted from the most relevant results to the least.

       This command by default does not force a sync  of  expired  metadata.  See  also  Metadata
       Synchronization.

   Shell Command
       Command: shell
       Aliases: sh

       dnf [options] shell [filename]
              Open  an  interactive  shell  for  conducting  multiple  commands  during  a single
              execution of DNF. These commands can be issued manually or passed  to  DNF  from  a
              file.  The commands are much the same as the normal DNF command line options. There
              are a few additional commands documented below.

              config [conf-option] [value]

                     • Set a configuration option to a requested value. If no value is  given  it
                       prints the current value.

              repo [list|enable|disable] [repo-id]

                     • list: list repositories and their status

                     • enable: enable repository

                     • disable: disable repository

              transaction [list|reset|solve|run]

                     • list: resolve and list the content of the transaction

                     • reset: reset the transaction

                     • run: resolve and run the transaction

              Note that all local packages must be used in the first shell transaction subcommand
              (e.g.  install /tmp/nodejs-1-1.x86_64.rpm  /tmp/acpi-1-1.noarch.rpm)  otherwise  an
              error  will  occur.   Any disable, enable, and reset module operations (e.g. module
              enable nodejs) must also be performed before any other shell transaction subcommand
              is used.

   Swap Command
       Command: swap

       dnf [options] swap <remove-spec> <install-spec>
          Remove  spec  and  install  spec  in  one  transaction.  Each  <spec>  can  be either a
          <package-spec>, which specifies a package directly, or a @<group-spec>, which specifies
          an (environment) group which contains it. Automatic conflict solving is provided in DNF
          by the --allowerasing option that  provides  the  functionality  of  the  swap  command
          automatically.

   Updateinfo Command
       Command: updateinfo
       Aliases: upif
       Deprecated aliases: list-updateinfo, list-security, list-sec, info-updateinfo, info-security, info-sec, summary-updateinfo

       dnf [options] updateinfo [--summary|--list|--info] [<availability>] [<spec>...]
              Display information about update advisories.

              Depending  on  the output type, DNF displays just counts of advisory types (omitted
              or --summary), list of advisories (--list) or detailed information (--info). The -v
              option  extends  the  output.  When  used with --info, the information is even more
              detailed. When used with --list,  an  additional  column  with  date  of  the  last
              advisory update is added.

              <availability>  specifies  whether  advisories  about  newer  versions of installed
              packages (omitted or --available), advisories about equal  and  older  versions  of
              installed   packages  (--installed),  advisories  about  newer  versions  of  those
              installed packages for which a newer version is available (--updates) or advisories
              about  any  versions  of installed packages (--all) are taken into account. Most of
              the time, --available and --updates displays the same output.  The  outputs  differ
              only  in  the  cases  when  an  advisory  refers to a newer version but there is no
              enabled repository which contains any newer version.

              Note, that --available takes only the latest installed versions  of  packages  into
              account.  In  case of the kernel packages (when multiple version could be installed
              simultaneously) also packages of the currently running version of kernel are added.

              To print only advisories  referencing  a  CVE  or  a  bugzilla  use  --with-cve  or
              --with-bz  options.  When  these switches are used also the output of the --list is
              altered - the ID of the CVE or the bugzilla is printed instead of the  one  of  the
              advisory.

              If  given and if neither ID, type (bugfix, enhancement, security/sec) nor a package
              name of an advisory matches <spec>, the advisory is not  taken  into  account.  The
              matching  is  case-sensitive  and  in  the  case of advisory IDs and package names,
              globbing is supported.

              Output  of  the  --summary  option  is  affected  by  the  autocheck_running_kernel
              configuration option.

   Upgrade Command
       Command: upgrade
       Aliases: up
       Deprecated aliases: update, upgrade-to, update-to, localupdate

       dnf [options] upgrade
              Updates each package to the latest version that is both available and resolvable.

       dnf [options] upgrade <package-spec>...
              Updates   each   specified   package  to  the  latest  available  version.  Updates
              dependencies as necessary. When  versions  are  specified  in  the  <package-spec>,
              update to these versions.

       dnf [options] upgrade @<spec>...
              Alias for the dnf module update command.

       If  the  main  obsoletes  configure option is true or the --obsoletes flag is present, dnf
       will include package obsoletes in its calculations.  For more information see obsoletes.

       See also Configuration Files Replacement Policy.

   Upgrade-Minimal Command
       Command: upgrade-minimal
       Aliases: up-min
       Deprecated aliases: update-minimal

       dnf [options] upgrade-minimal
              Updates each package to the  latest  available  version  that  provides  a  bugfix,
              enhancement or a fix for a security issue (security).

       dnf [options] upgrade-minimal <package-spec>...
              Updates  each  specified  package  to  the latest available version that provides a
              bugfix, enhancement or a fix for security issue (security). Updates dependencies as
              necessary.

SPECIFYING PACKAGES

       Many  commands  take  a <package-spec> parameter that selects a package for the operation.
       The <package-spec> argument is matched against package NEVRAs, provides and file provides.

       <package-file-spec>  is  similar  to  <package-spec>,  except  provides  matching  is  not
       performed.  Therefore,  <package-file-spec>  is  matched  only  against  NEVRAs  and  file
       provides.

       <package-name-spec> is matched against NEVRAs only.

   Globs
       Package specification supports the same glob pattern matching  that  shell  does,  in  all
       three above mentioned packages it matches against (NEVRAs, provides and file provides).

       The following patterns are supported:

       *      Matches any number of characters.

       ?      Matches any single character.

       []     Matches  any  one  of  the enclosed characters. A pair of characters separated by a
              hyphen denotes a range expression; any  character  that  falls  between  those  two
              characters, inclusive, is matched. If the first character following the [ is a ! or
              a ^ then any character not enclosed is matched.

       Note: Curly brackets ({}) are not supported. You can still use them in shells that support
       them  and  let  the  shell do the expansion, but if quoted or escaped, dnf will not expand
       them.

   NEVRA Matching
       When matching against NEVRAs, partial matching is supported. DNF tries to match  the  spec
       against the following list of NEVRA forms (in decreasing order of priority):

       • name-[epoch:]version-release.archname.archnamename-[epoch:]version-releasename-[epoch:]version

       Note that name can in general contain dashes (e.g. package-with-dashes).

       The first form that matches any packages is used and the remaining forms are not tried. If
       none of the forms match any packages, an attempt  is  made  to  match  the  <package-spec>
       against  full  package  NEVRAs.  This  is  only  relevant  if  globs  are  present  in the
       <package-spec>.

       <package-spec> matches NEVRAs the same way <package-name-spec> does, but in case  matching
       NEVRAs fails, it attempts to match against provides and file provides of packages as well.

       You  can specify globs as part of any of the five NEVRA components. You can also specify a
       glob pattern to match over multiple NEVRA components (in other words, to match across  the
       NEVRA separators). In that case, however, you need to write the spec to match against full
       package NEVRAs, as it is not possible to split such spec into NEVRA forms.

   Specifying NEVRA Matching Explicitly
       Some commands (autoremove, install, remove and repoquery) also have aliases with  suffixes
       -n, -na and -nevra that allow to explicitly specify how to parse the arguments:

       • Command install-n only matches against name.

       • Command install-na only matches against name.arch.

       • Command install-nevra only matches against name-[epoch:]version-release.arch.

SPECIFYING PROVIDES

       <provide-spec>  in  command  descriptions means the command operates on packages providing
       the given spec. This can either be an explicit provide, an implicit provide (i.e. name  of
       the package) or a file provide. The selection is case-sensitive and globbing is supported.

   Specifying File Provides
       If a spec starts with either / or */, it is considered as a potential file provide.

SPECIFYING GROUPS

       <group-spec>  allows one to select (environment) groups a particular operation should work
       on. It is a case insensitive string  (supporting  globbing  characters)  that  is  matched
       against  a  group's  ID,  canonical  name and name translated into the current LC_MESSAGES
       locale (if possible).

SPECIFYING MODULES

       <module-spec> allows one to select modules or profiles a particular operation should  work
       on.

       It  is in the form of NAME:STREAM:VERSION:CONTEXT:ARCH/PROFILE and supported partial forms
       are the following:

       • NAMENAME:STREAMNAME:STREAM:VERSIONNAME:STREAM:VERSION:CONTEXT

       • all above combinations with ::ARCH (e.g. NAME::ARCH)

       • NAME:STREAM:VERSION:CONTEXT:ARCH

       • all above combinations with /PROFILE (e.g. NAME/PROFILE)

       In case stream is not specified, the enabled or the default stream is used, in this order.
       In  case  profile is not specified, the system default profile or the 'default' profile is
       used.

SPECIFYING TRANSACTIONS

       <transaction-spec> can be in one of several forms. If it is an  integer,  it  specifies  a
       transaction  ID.  Specifying  last  is  the  same  as specifying the ID of the most recent
       transaction. The last form is last-<offset>, where <offset>  is  a  positive  integer.  It
       specifies offset-th transaction preceding the most recent transaction.

PACKAGE FILTERING

       Package  filtering  filters  packages  out  from  the  available  package set, making them
       invisible to most of dnf commands. They cannot be used in a transaction. Packages  can  be
       filtered out by either Exclude Filtering or Modular Filtering.

   Exclude Filtering
       Exclude  Filtering  is  a mechanism used by a user or by a DNF plugin to modify the set of
       available packages. Exclude Filtering can be modified by either includepkgs or excludepkgs
       configuration  options  in  configuration files. The --disableexcludes command line option
       can be used to override excludes from configuration files. In addition to  user-configured
       excludes, plugins can also extend the set of excluded packages. To disable excludes from a
       DNF plugin you can use the --disableplugin command line option.

       To disable all excludes for e.g. the install command you can use the following combination
       of command line options:

       dnf --disableexcludes=all --disableplugin="*" install bash

   Modular Filtering
       Please see the modularity documentation for details on how Modular Filtering works.

       With  modularity,  only  RPM  packages  from  active  module  streams  are included in the
       available package set. RPM packages from inactive module streams, as well  as  non-modular
       packages  with  the  same  name or provides as a package from an active module stream, are
       filtered out. Modular filtering is not applied to packages added from  the  command  line,
       installed packages, or packages from repositories with module_hotfixes=true in their .repo
       file.

       Disabling of modular filtering is not recommended, because it could cause  the  system  to
       get into a broken state. To disable modular filtering for a particular repository, specify
       module_hotfixes=true in the .repo file or use --setopt=<repo_id>.module_hotfixes=true.

       To discover the module which contains an excluded package use dnf module provides.

METADATA SYNCHRONIZATION

       Correct operation of DNF depends on having access to  up-to-date  data  from  all  enabled
       repositories  but  contacting remote mirrors on every operation considerably slows it down
       and costs bandwidth for both the client and the repository provider.  The  metadata_expire
       (see  dnf.conf(5))  repository  configuration option is used by DNF to determine whether a
       particular local copy of repository data is due to be re-synced. It is  crucial  that  the
       repository providers set the option well, namely to a value where it is guaranteed that if
       particular metadata was available in time T on the server, then all packages it references
       will still be available for download from the server in time T + metadata_expire.

       To  further  reduce  the  bandwidth  load,  some  of  the commands where having up-to-date
       metadata is not critical (e.g. the list command) do not look at whether  a  repository  is
       expired and whenever any version of it is locally available to the user's account, it will
       be used. For non-root use, see also the --cacheonly switch. Note that  in  all  situations
       the user can force synchronization of all enabled repositories with the --refresh switch.

CONFIGURATION FILES REPLACEMENT POLICY

       The  updated packages could replace the old modified configuration files with the new ones
       or keep the older files. Neither of the files are actually replaced.  To  the  conflicting
       ones  RPM  gives additional suffix to the origin name. Which file should maintain the true
       name after transaction is not controlled by package  manager  but  is  specified  by  each
       package itself, following packaging guideline.

FILES

       Cache Files
              /var/cache/dnf

       Main Configuration
              /etc/dnf/dnf.conf

       Repository
              /etc/yum.repos.d/

SEE ALSO

dnf.conf(5), DNF Configuration Referencednf-PLUGIN(8) for documentation on DNF plugins.

       • dnf.modularity(7), Modularity overview.

       • dnf-transaction-json(5), Stored Transaction JSON Format Specification.

       • DNF project homepage (https://github.com/rpm-software-management/dnf/)

       • How to report a bug (https://github.com/rpm-software-management/dnf/wiki/Bug-Reporting)

       • YUM project homepage (http://yum.baseurl.org/)

AUTHOR

       See AUTHORS in DNF source distribution.

COPYRIGHT

       2012-2024, Red Hat, Licensed under GPLv2+