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READLINE
readline --noediting emacs vi set ( ) +o emacs +o vi
Readline
emacs C-key (: C-n Control-N ) M-key M-x Meta-X ( M-x ESC x x
ESC (meta prefix) M-C-x ESC-Control-x x )
Readline (: kill-line)
(kill) ( (yank) ) (kill ring) 1
Readline
(inputrc ) readline INPUTRC ~/.inputrc readline readline # $
inputrc
M-Control-u: universal-argument
C-Meta-u: universal-argument
inputrc M-C-u readline universal-argument
: RUBOUT, DEL, ESC, LFD, NEWLINE, RET, RETURN, SPC, SPACE, TAB
readline (, macro)
Readline
inputrc 2 ( Meta- Control- )
keyname:function-name keyname:macro keyname :
Control-u: universal-argument
Meta-Rubout: backward-kill-word
Control-o: "> output"
C-u universal-argument M-DEL backward-kill-word C-o ( ``> output'' )
"keyseq":function-name "keyseq":macro keyseq keyname GNU Emacs
"\C-u": universal-argument
"\C-x\C-r": re-read-init-file
"\e[11~": "Function Key 1"
C-u universal-argument C-x C-r re-read-init-file ESC [ 1 1 ~ Function
Key 1 ``Function Key 1''.
GNU Emacs :
\C-
\M-
\e
\\
\" "
\' '
GNU Emacs :
\a ()
\b
\d (delete)
\f
\n
\r
\t
\v
\nnn ASCII 8 nnn (1 3 )
\xnnn ASCII 16 nnn (1 3 )
" '
bash bind readline set -o ( )
Readline
Readline inputrc
set variable-name value
readline On Off :
bell-style (audible)
readline none readline visible (visible bell) audible readline
comment-begin (``#'')
readline insert-comment emacs M-# vi #
completion-ignore-case (Off)
On readline
completion-query-items (100)
possible-completions 0
convert-meta (On)
On readline 8 ASCII 8 ()
disable-completion (Off)
On readline self-insert
editing-mode (emacs)
readline emacs vi editing-mode emacs vi
enable-keypad (Off)
On readline
expand-tilde (Off)
on readline
horizontal-scroll-mode (Off)
on readline 1 1
input-meta (Off)
On readline 8 () meta-flag
isearch-terminators (``C-[C-J'')
() ESC C-J
keymap (emacs)
readline emacs, emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi,
vi-command, vi-insert vi vi-command emacs emacs-standard emacs
editing-mode
mark-directories (On)
On
mark-modified-lines (Off)
On (*)
output-meta (Off)
On readline 8
print-completions-horizontally (Off)
On readline
show-all-if-ambiguous (Off)
On
visible-stats (Off)
On stat(2)
Readline
Readline C 4
$if $if readline
mode $if mode= readline emacs vi set keymap readline emacs
emacs-standard emacs-ctlx
term term= = - sun sun sun-cmd
application
application readline (application name) bash 1 :
$if Bash
# Quote the current or previous word
"\C-xq": "\eb\"\ef\""
$endif
$endif $if
$else $if
$include
1 /etc/inputrc :
$include /etc/inputrc
readline ( ) (incremental) (non-incremental) 2
readline isearch-terminators Control-J Control-G
Control-S Control-R readline
Readline
(point) (mark) set-mark (region)
beginning-of-line (C-a)
end-of-line (C-e)
forward-char (C-f)
1
backward-char (C-b)
1
forward-word (M-f)
()
backward-word (M-b)
()
clear-screen (C-l)
redraw-current-line
accept-line (Newline, Return)
HISTCONTROL
previous-history (C-p)
next-history (C-n)
beginning-of-history (M-<)
end-of-history (M->)
reverse-search-history (C-r)
forward-search-history (C-s)
non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)
non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n)
history-search-forward
history-search-backward
yank-nth-arg (M-C-y)
( 2 ) n n ( 0 ) n
yank-last-arg (M-., M-_)
() yank-nth-arg yank-last-arg
shell-expand-line (M-C-e)
history-expand-line (M-^)
magic-space
alias-expand-line
history-and-alias-expand-line
insert-last-argument (M-., M-_)
yank-last-arg
operate-and-get-next (C-o)
delete-char (C-d)
delete-char EOF
backward-delete-char (Rubout)
forward-backward-delete-char
quoted-insert (C-q, C-v)
C-q
tab-insert (C-v TAB)
self-insert (a, b, A, 1, !, ...)
transpose-chars (C-t)
2
transpose-words (M-t)
upcase-word (M-u)
()
downcase-word (M-l)
()
capitalize-word (M-c)
() ()
kill-line (C-k)
backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)
unix-line-discard (C-u)
(kill-ring)
kill-whole-line
kill-word (M-d)
forward-word
backward-kill-word (M-Rubout)
backward-word
unix-word-rubout (C-w)
delete-horizontal-space (M-\)
kill-region
copy-region-as-kill
copy-backward-word
backward-word
copy-forward-word
forward-word
yank (C-y)
yank-pop (M-y)
yank yank-pop
digit-argument (M-0, M-1, ..., M--)
M--
universal-argument
1 () universal-argument 4 1 4 16
complete (TAB)
bash ( $ ) ( ~ ) ( @ ) ()
possible-completions (M-?)
insert-completions (M-*)
possible-completions
menu-complete
complete 1 menu-complete (bell-style ) n n TAB
delete-char-or-list
(delete-char ) possible-completions
complete-filename (M-/)
possible-filename-completions (C-x /)
complete-username (M-~)
possible-username-completions (C-x ~)
complete-variable (M-$)
possible-variable-completions (C-x $)
complete-hostname (M-@)
possible-hostname-completions (C-x @)
complete-command (M-!)
possible-command-completions (C-x !)
dynamic-complete-history (M-TAB)
complete-into-braces (M-{)
( )
start-kbd-macro (C-x ()
end-kbd-macro (C-x ))
call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e)
re-read-init-file (C-x C-r)
inputrc
abort (C-g)
( bell-style )
do-uppercase-version (M-a, M-b, M-x, ...)
x
prefix-meta (ESC)
ESC f Meta-f
undo (C-_, C-x C-u)
revert-line (M-r)
undo
tilde-expand (M-&)
set-mark (C-@, M-<space>)
exchange-point-and-mark (C-x C-x)
character-search (C-])
1
character-search-backward (M-C-])
1
insert-comment (M-#)
readline comment-begin comment-begin
glob-expand-word (C-x *)
glob-list-expansions (C-x g)
glob-expand-word
dump-functions
readline inputrc
dump-variables
readline readline inputrc
dump-macros
readline inputrc
display-shell-version (C-x C-v)
bash
complete (compspec) (complete )
bash
-f -d FIGNORE
-G GLOBIGNORE FIGNORE
-W IFS
-F -C COMP_LINE COMP_POINT COMP_WORDS COMP_CWORD
-F compgen COMPREPLY
-C 1
-X & & !
-P -S readline
-o dirname complete
bash readline -o default complete readline
(HISTORY)
-o history set (command history) () HISTSIZE HISTSIZE ( 500 ) ( )
HISTIGNORE HISTCONTROL
HISTFILE ( ~/.bash_history) HISTFILE HISTFILESIZE HISTSIZE HISTFILE
histappend ( shopt ) HISTFILE HISTFILESIZE HISTFILESIZE
fc ( ) history
HISTCONTROL HISTIGNORE cmdhist lithist
csh set +H ( )
2 (event) (words) (modifier) 1 ! (\)
shopt histverify ( shopt ) readline readline readline histreedit
readline history -p history -s ()
( histchars )
(Event Designator)
! =, (
!n n
!-n n
!! 1 `!-1'
!string
string
!?string[?]
string string ?
^string1^string2^
string1 string2 ``!!:s/string1/string2/'' ()
!#
(Word Designators)
(word designator) : ^, $, *, -, % 0 1
0 () 0
n n
^ 1
$
% `?string?'
x-y `0-y' `-y'
* 0 `1-$' 1 *
x* x-$
x- x* x-$
(Modifiers)
() 1 `:'
h () ()
t () ()
r .xxx (basename)
e
p
q
x q
s/old/new/
old new / old new 1 new & old 1 & old old !?string[?]
string
&
g `:s' (:`:gs/old/new/') `:s' /
- --
: [arguments]
arguments 0
. filename [arguments]
source filename [arguments]
filename filename filename filename PATH PATH bash posix PATH
shopt sourcepath PATH arguments filename ( 0 ) filename
alias [-p] [name[=value] ...]
alias ( -p ) alias name=value value name value value name
name alias
bg [jobspec]
jobspec & jobspec (current job) bg jobspec 0 jobspec jobspec
bind [-m keymap] [-lpsvPSV]
bind [-m keymap] -x keyseq:shell-command
bind [-m keymap] [-q function] [-u function] [-r keyseq]
bind [-m keymap] -f filename
bind [-m keymap] keyseq:function-name
readline readline .inputrc '"\C-x\C-r": re-read-init-file' :
-m keymap
keymap keymap emacs, emacs-standard, emacs-meta,
emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-move, vi-command, vi-insert vi
vi-command emacs emacs-standard
-l readline
-p readline
-P readline
-v readline
-V readline
-s readline
-S readline
-f filename
filename
-q function
function
-u function
function
-r keyseq
keyseq
-x keyseq:shell-command
keyseq shell-command
0
break [n]
for, while, until, select n n break n 1 n break 0
builtin shell-builtin [arguments]
arguments cd shell-builtin
cd [-LP] [dir]
dir HOME dir CDPATH dir CDPATH (:) CDPATH ( ``.'') dir (/)
CDPATH -P ( set -P ) -L - $OLDPWD
command [-pVv] command [arg ...]
command args PATH -p command PATH -V -v command -v command -V -V
-v command 0 1 command 127 command command
compgen [option] [word]
option word complete -p -r -F -C
word word
complete [-abcdefjkvu] [-o comp-option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W
wordlist] [-P prefix] [-S suffix]
[-X filterpat] [-F function] [-C command] name [name ...]
complete -pr [name ...]
name -p () -r name name
-G, -W, -X ( -P -S ) complete
-o comp-option
comp-option comp-option
default readline
dirnames
filenames
readline readline ()
-A action
action
alias -a
arrayvar
binding readline
builtin -b
command -c
directory
-d
disabled
enabled
export -e
file -f
function
helptopic
help
hostname
HOSTFILE
job -j
keyword -k
running
setopt set -o
shopt shopt
signal
stopped
user -u
variable
-v
-G globpat
globpat
-W wordlist
wordlist IFS
-C command
command
-F function
function COMPREPLY
-X filterpat
filterpat filterpat filterpat ! filterpat
-P prefix
prefix
-S suffix
prefix
-p -r name name
continue [n]
for, while, until, select n n n 1 n () continue 0
declare [-afFirx] [-p] [name[=value]]
typeset [-afFirx] [-p] [name[=value]]
name -p name -p -F -F -f :
-a name ( )
-f
-i ( )
-r name unset
-x name
`-' `+' +a local name 0 ``-f foo=bar'' ( )name -f
dirs [-clpv] [+n] [-n]
1 pushd popd
+n dirs n 0
-n dirs n 0
-c
-l
-p 1 1
-v 1 1
n 0
disown [-ar] [-h] [jobspec ...]
jobspec -h jobspec SIGHUP SIGHUP jobspec -a -r jobspec -a
jobspec -r jobspec 0
echo [-neE] [arg ...]
arg 0 -n -e -E xpg_echo echo echo -- echo :
\a ()
\b
\c
\e
\f
\n
\r
\t
\v
\\
\nnn ASCII 8 nnn (1 3 )
\xnnn ASCII 16 nnn (1 3 )
enable [-adnps] [-f filename] [name ...]
/ -n name name PATH test ``enable -n test''. -f name filename
-d -f name -p -n -a -s POSIX name 0
eval [arg ...]
arg 1 eval args eval 0
exec [-cl] [-a name] [command [arguments]]
command arguments command -l command 0 login(1) -c command -a
0 name command execfail command 0 1
exit [n]
n n EXIT
export [-fn] [name[=word]] ...
export -p
name -f name name -p -n name -f export 0
fc [-e ename] [-nlr] [first] [last]
fc -s [pat=rep] [cmd]
(Fix Command) first last first last () ( ) last ( ``fc -l
-10'' 10 ) first first -16
-n -r -l ename ename FCEDIT FCEDIT EDITOR vi
2 pat rep command ``r=fc -s'' ``r cc'' ``cc'' ``r''
first last 0 -e 2 cmd fc
fg [jobspec]
jobspec jobspec jobspec jobspec
getopts optstring name [args]
getopts optstring getopts name (name ) OPTIND OPTIND 1 getopts
OPTARG OPTIND 1 getopts
getopts 0 OPTIND name ?
getopts args getopts
getopts 2 optstring (silent) OPTERR 0 optstring
getopts ? name OPTARG getopts OPTARG
getopts (?) name OPTARG getopts (:) name OPTARG
() getopts getopts
hash [-r] [-p filename] [name]
name $PATH -p filename -r name
help [-s] [pattern]
pattern help pattern -s pattern 0
history [n]
history -c
history -d offset
history -anrw [filename]
history -p arg [arg ...]
history -s arg [arg ...]
* n n filename HISTFILE () :
-c
-d offset
offset
-a (bash )
-n bash
-r
-w
-p args arg
-s args 1 args
-d offset -p 0
jobs [-lnprs] [ jobspec ... ]
jobs -x command [ args ... ]
:
-l ID
-p ID
-n
-r
-s
jobspec jobspec 0
-x jobs command args jobspec ID args command
kill [-s sigspec | -n signum | -sigspec] [pid | jobspec] ...
kill -l [sigspec | exit_status]
sigspec signum pid jobspec sigspec SIGKILL signum sigspec SIG
sigspec SIGTERM -l -l 0 -l exit_status 1 kill kill
let arg [arg ...]
arg ( ) arg 0 let 1 0
local [option] [name[=value] ...]
name value option declare local name local local local name
name local 0
logout
popd [-n] [+n] [-n]
cd :
+n dirs n 0 ``popd +0'' ``popd +1'' 2
-n dirs n 0 ``popd -0'' ``popd -1'' 1
-n
popd dirs 0 popd
printf format [arguments]
arguments format format 3 3 () () ( argument ) printf(1) %b
printf argument %q printf argument
format arguments arguments format 0 0 0
pushd [-n] [dir]
pushd [-n] [+n] [-n]
2 0 :
+n n dirs 0
-n n dirs 0
-n
dir dir
pushd dirs dir cd pushd 0 2 pushd 0
pwd [-LP]
-P set -o physical -L 0
read [-ers] [-t timeout] [-a aname] [-p prompt] [-n nchars] [-d delim]
[name ...]
1 name 2 2 name name name name IFS (\) :
-a aname
aname 0 aname name
-d delim
delim
-e readline ( READLINE )
-n nchars
read nchars
-p prompt
-r
-s (silent)
-t timeout
timeout read read
name REPLY read 0
readonly [-apf] [name ...]
name name -f name -a name -p -p 0 name -f name
return [n]
n n . (source) n .
set [--abefhkmnptuvxBCHP] [-o option] [arg ...]
$1, $2, ... $n :
-a ()
-b
-e ( ) 0 until while if && || !
-f
-h
-k
-m ( )
-n
-o option-name
option-name :
allexport
-a
braceexpand
-B
emacs emacs --noediting
errexit -e
hashall -h
histexpand
-H
history
ignoreeof
``IGNOREEOF=10'' ( )
keyword -k
monitor -m
noclobber
-C
noexec -n
noglob -f
notify -b
nounset -u
onecmd -t
physical
-P
posix bash POSIX 1003.2 (posix )
privileged
-p
verbose -v
vi vi
xtrace -x
option-name -o option-name +o set
-p (privileged) $ENV $BASH_ENV SHELLOPTS () ID () ID -p
ID ID -p ID ID ID ID ID
-t 1
-u 0
-v
-x PS4
-B ( )
-C bash >, >&, <> >| >
-H !
-P cd bash
-- arg -
- arg -x -v arg
- + $-
shift [n]
n+1 ... $1 ... $# $#-n+1 unset n 0 $# n 0 n 1 n $# n $#
0 0 0
shopt [-pqsu] [-o] [optname ...]
-p -p :
-s optname ()
-u optname ()
-q () optname optname -q optnames 0 0
-o optname set -o
optname -s -u shopt ()
optnames 0 0 optname 0
shopt :
cdable_vars
cd
cdspell cd 1
checkhash
bash
checkwinsize
bash LINES COLUMNS
cmdhist bash
dotglob bash `.'
execfail
exec exec
expand_aliases
extglob
histappend
HISTFILE
histreedit
readline
histverify
readline readline
hostcomplete
readline bash @ ( READLINE )
huponexit
bash SIGHUP
interactive_comments
# ( )
lithist cmdhist ()
mailwarn
bash ``The mail in mailfile has been read''
no_empty_cmd_completion
readline bash PATH
nocaseglob
bash ( )
nullglob
bash ( )
progcomp
()
promptvars
restricted_shell
( )
shift_verbose
shift
sourcepath
source (.) PATH
xpg_echo
echo
suspend [-f]
SIGCONT -f -f 0
test expr
[ expr ]
expr 0 1
! expr expr
( expr )
expr
expr1 -a expr2
expr1 expr2
expr1 -o expr2
expr1 expr2
test [
0
1
2 ! 2
3 2 3 ! 2 3 2 ( 3 ) 2 1 -a -o
4 ! 3
5
times 0
trap [-lp] [arg] [sigspec ...]
sigspec arg arg - () arg sigspec arg -p sigspec trap -p trap
sigspec <signal.h> sigspec EXIT (0) arg sigspec DEBUG ( ) arg
-l sigspec trap
type [-atp] name [name ...]
name -t name type alias, keyword, function, builtin, file name
-p type name ``type -t name'' file -p PATH -a type name -p -a
type
ulimit [-SHacdflmnpstuv [limit]]
limit unlimited -H -S (hard) (soft) -H -S limit -H :
-a
-c (core)
-d
-f
-l
-m
-n ()
-p 512 ()
-s
-t CPU ()
-u 1
-v
limit (-a ) -f 1024 -t -p 512 -n -u 0 unlimited limit
umask [-p] [-S] [mode]
mode mode 10 chmod(1) mode -S 10 -p mode mode 0
unalias [-a] [name ...]
name -a name
unset [-fv] [name ...]
name -v name -f name RANDOM, SECONDS, LINENO, HISTCMD, FUNCNAME,
GROUPS, DIRSTACK name
wait [n]
wait n ID wait n wait 0 n 127 wait
(RESTRICTED SHELL)
bash rbash -r bash :
o cd
o SHELL, PATH, ENV, BASH_ENV
o /
o . /
o hash -p /
o
o SHELLOPTS
o >, >|, <>, >&, &>, >>
o exec
o enable -f -d
o command -p
o set +r set +o restricted
( ) rbash
Bash Reference Manual, Brian Fox and Chet Ramey
The Gnu Readline Library, Brian Fox and Chet Ramey
The Gnu History Library, Brian Fox and Chet Ramey
Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX) Part 2: Shell and
Utilities, IEEE
sh(1), ksh(1), csh(1)
emacs(1), vi(1)
readline(3)
/bin/bash
bash
/etc/profile
~/.bash_profile
~/.bashrc
~/.bash_logout
~/.inputrc
readline
Brian Fox, Free Software Foundation
bfox@gnu.org
Chet Ramey, Case Western Reserve University
chet@ins.CWRU.Edu
bash bash
bashbug ! bug-bash@gnu.org gnu.bash.bug
:
bash
bashbug 3
chet@ins.CWRU.Edu
bash
bash sh POSIX
`a ; b ; c'
$(...)
()