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NAME
grep, egrep, fgrep -
SYNOPSIS
grep [options] PATTERN [FILE...]
grep [options] [-e PATTERN | -f FILE] [FILE...]
DESCRIPTION
Grep FILE ( - ) PATTERN grep
egrep fgrep Egrep grep -E Fgrep grep -F
OPTIONS
-A NUM, --after-context=NUM
NUM --
-a, --text
--binary-files=text
-B NUM, --before-context=NUM
NUM --
-C NUM, --context=NUM
NUM --
-b, --byte-offset
--binary-files=TYPE
TYPE TYPE binary grep TYPE without-match grep -I TYPE text grep
-a grep --binary-files=text
--colour[=WHEN], --color[=WHEN]
GREP_COLOR WHEN `never', `always', `auto'
-c, --count
-v, --invert-match ()
-D ACTION, --devices=ACTION
FIFO (socket) ACTION ACTION read ACTION skip
-d ACTION, --directories=ACTION
ACTION ACTION read ACTION skip ACTION recurse grep -r
-E, --extended-regexp
PATTERN ()
-e PATTERN, --regexp=PATTERN
PATTERN -
-F, --fixed-strings
PATTERN (newlines)
-P, --perl-regexp
PATTERN Perl
-f FILE, --file=FILE
FILE 0
-G, --basic-regexp
PATTERN ()
-H, --with-filename
-h, --no-filename
--help
-I --binary-files=without-match
-i, --ignore-case
PATTERN
-L, --files-without-match
-l, --files-with-matches
-m NUM, --max-count=NUM
NUM NUM grep grep NUM -c --count grep NUM -v --invert-match
grep NUM
--mmap mmap(2) read(2) --mmap grep I/O --mmap (core dumps)
-n, --line-number
-o, --only-matching
PATTERN
--label=LABEL
LABEL zgrep gzip -cd foo.gz |grep --label=foo something
--line-buffering
it can be a performance penality.
-q, --quiet, --silent
0 -s --no-messages
-R, -r, --recursive
-d recurse
--include=PATTERN
PATTERN
--exclude=PATTERN
PATTERN
-s, --no-messages
GNU grep grep POSIX.2 grep -q -s GNU grep -q grep shell -q
-s /dev/null
-U, --binary
MS-DOS MS-Windows grep 32kB grep CR ( ^ $ ) -U CR/LF MS-
DOS MS-Windows
-u, --unix-byte-offsets
Unix grep Unix CR Unix grep -b MS-DOS MS-Windows
-V, --version
grep bug ()
-v, --invert-match
-w, --word-regexp
-x, --line-regexp
-y -i
-Z, --null
(ASCII NUL ) grep -lZ find -print0, perl -0, sort -z, xargs -0
REGULAR EXPRESSIONS
Grep "basic" "extended" GNU grep (basic) (extended)
(may be quoted by preceding it with a backslash.)
(bracket) [ ] (caret) ^ [0123456789]
(range) (hyphen) (that sorts between the two characters,inclusive,
using the locale's collating sequence and character set.) C locale
[a-d] [abcd] locale locale [a-d] [abcd] [aBbCcDd] LC_ALL C locale C
[:alnum:](), [:alpha:](), [:cntrl:](), [:digit:](), [:graph:](),
[:lower:](), [:print:](), [:punct:](), [:space:](), [:upper:](),
[:xdigit:] [[:alnum:]] [0-9A-Za-z] locale C ASCII locale ()
(literal) ] (literal) ^ (literal) -
(period) . \w [[:alnum:]] \W [^[:alnum]]
(caret) ^ (dollar) $ \< \> \b (edge) \B
?
*
+
{n} n
{n,} n
{n,m} n m
|
(parentheses) (to override these precedence rules.)
\n n n
?, +, {, |, (, ) (backslash) \?, \+, \{, \|, \(, \)
egrep { egrep \{ egrep { [{] (literal) {
GNU egrep { an invalid interval specification shell egrep '{1' {1
POSIX.2
ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
Grep
locale LC_foo LC_ALL, LC_foo, LANG, locale LC_ALL LC_MESSAGES pt_BR
(Brazilian Portuguese) LC_MESSAGES locale locale grep (national
language support (NLS)) locale C
GREP_OPTIONS
GREP_OPTIONS '--binary-files=without-match --directories=skip'
grep --binary-files=without-match --directories=skip
(whitespace) (backslash) (escape)
GREP_COLOR
LC_ALL, LC_COLLATE, LANG
locale LC_COLLATE [a-z] (collating sequence)
LC_ALL, LC_CTYPE, LANG
locale LC_CTYPE (whitespace)
LC_ALL, LC_MESSAGES, LANG
locale LC_MESSAGES grep locale C
POSIXLY_CORRECT
grep POSIX.2 grep GNU POSIX.2 POSIX.2 "illegal" (diagnose)
"invalid" POSIXLY_CORRECT _N_GNU_nonoption_argv_flags_
_N_GNU_nonoption_argv_flags_
( N grep's ID) i 1 grep i shell GNU C POSIXLY_CORRECT
DIAGNOSTICS
012 -q --quiet --silent
BUGS
bug bug-gnu-utils@gnu.org "Subject:" "grep"
{n,m} grep grep
(backreferences)
[]
<bbbush@163.com>
[]
2003.11.03
linuxman:
http://cmpp.linuxforum.net
GNU Project GREP(1)