NAME

       ldd - print shared library dependencies

SYNOPSIS

       ldd [OPTION]... FILE...

DESCRIPTION

       ldd prints the shared libraries required by each program or shared library specified on the command line.

   Security
       In   the   usual   case,   ldd   invokes   the   standard   dynamic   linker   (see  ld.so(8))  with  the
       LD_TRACE_LOADED_OBJECTS environment variable set to 1, which causes the linker  to  display  the  library
       dependencies.   Be aware, however, that in some circumstances, some versions of ldd may attempt to obtain
       the dependency information by directly executing the program.  Thus, you should never employ  ldd  on  an
       untrusted executable, since this may result in the execution of arbitrary code.  A safer alternative when
       dealing with untrusted executables is:

           $ objdump -p /path/to/program | grep NEEDED

OPTIONS

       --version
              Print the version number of ldd.

       -v --verbose
              Print all information, including, for example, symbol versioning information.

       -u --unused
              Print unused direct dependencies.  (Since glibc 2.3.4.)

       -d --data-relocs
              Perform relocations and report any missing objects (ELF only).

       -r --function-relocs
              Perform relocations for both data objects  and  functions,  and  report  any  missing  objects  or
              functions (ELF only).

       --help Usage information.

NOTES

       The  standard  version of ldd comes with glibc2.  Libc5 came with an older version, still present on some
       systems.  The long options are not supported by the libc5 version.  On the other hand, the glibc2 version
       does not support -V and only has the equivalent --version.

       The  libc5 version of this program will use the name of a library given on the command line as-is when it
       contains a '/'; otherwise it searches for the library in the standard locations.  To run it on  a  shared
       library in the current directory, prefix the name with "./".

BUGS

       ldd does not work on a.out shared libraries.

       ldd does not work with some extremely old a.out programs which were built before ldd support was added to
       the compiler releases.  If you use ldd on one of these programs, the program will  attempt  to  run  with
       argc = 0 and the results will be unpredictable.

SEE ALSO

       ld.so(8), ldconfig(8)

COLOPHON

       This  page  is  part  of  release 3.54 of the Linux man-pages project.  A description of the project, and
       information about reporting bugs, can be found at http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.

                                                   2012-07-16                                             LDD(1)