Provided by: slapd_2.4.31-1+nmu2ubuntu8.5_amd64 bug

NAME

       slapo-pcache - proxy cache overlay to slapd

SYNOPSIS

       /etc/ldap/slapd.conf

DESCRIPTION

       The pcache overlay to slapd(8) allows caching of LDAP search requests (queries) in a local
       database.  For an incoming query, the proxy cache determines its  corresponding  template.
       If  the  template  was  specified  as cacheable using the pcacheTemplate directive and the
       request is contained in a cached request, it is answered from the proxy cache.  Otherwise,
       the  search  is performed as usual and cacheable search results are saved in the cache for
       use in future queries.

       A template is defined by a filter string and an index identifying a set of attributes. The
       template string for a query can be obtained by removing assertion values from the RFC 4515
       representation of its search filter. A query belongs to a template if its template  string
       and  set of projected attributes correspond to a cacheable template.  Examples of template
       strings are (mail=), (|(sn=)(cn=)), (&(sn=)(givenName=)).

       The config directives that are specific to the pcache overlay can be prefixed by  pcache-,
       to avoid conflicts with directives specific to the underlying database or to other stacked
       overlays.  This may be particularly useful for those directives that refer to the  backend
       used  for local storage.  The following cache specific directives can be used to configure
       the proxy cache:

       overlay pcache
              This directive adds the proxy cache overlay to the current backend. The proxy cache
              overlay  may  be used with any backend but is intended for use with the ldap, meta,
              and sql backends. Please note that the underlying backend must  have  a  configured
              rootdn.

       pcache <database> <max_entries> <numattrsets> <entry_limit> <cc_period>
              The  directive  enables proxy caching in the current backend and sets general cache
              parameters. A <database> backend will be used internally  to  maintain  the  cached
              entries.  The  chosen  database will need to be configured as well, as shown below.
              Cache replacement is invoked when the cache size grows to <max_entries> entries and
              continues till the cache size drops below this size.  <numattrsets> should be equal
              to the number of following pcacheAttrset directives. Queries  are  cached  only  if
              they correspond to a cacheable template (specified by the pcacheTemplate directive)
              and the number of entries returned is less than <entry_limit>. Consistency check is
              performed  every  <cc_period>  duration  (specified in secs). In each cycle queries
              with expired "time to live(TTL)" are removed. A sample cache configuration is:

              pcache bdb 10000 1 50 100

       pcacheAttrset <index> <attrs...>
              Used to associate a set of attributes <attrs..> with an <index>. Each attribute set
              is  associated with an integer from 0 to <numattrsets>-1. These indices are used by
              the pcacheTemplate directive to define cacheable templates.  A  set  of  attributes
              cannot  be  empty.  A set of attributes can contain the special attributes "*" (all
              user attributes), "+" (all operational attributes) or both; in the latter case, any
              other  attribute  is  redundant  and  should  be  avoided  for  clarity.   A set of
              attributes can contain "1.1" as the only attribute; in this case, only the presence
              of  the  entries is cached.  Attributes prefixed by "undef:" need not be present in
              the schema.

       pcacheMaxQueries <queries>
              Specify the maximum number of queries to cache. The default is 10000.

       pcacheValidate { TRUE | FALSE }
              Check whether the results of a query being cached can actually be returned from the
              cache by the proxy DSA.  When enabled, the entries being returned while caching the
              results of a query are checked to ensure consistency with the schema known  to  the
              proxy  DSA.  In case of failure, the query is not cached.  By default, the check is
              off.

       pcacheOffline { TRUE | FALSE }
              Set the cache to offline mode. While  offline,  the  consistency  checker  will  be
              stopped  and  no  expirations will occur. This allows the cache contents to be used
              indefinitely while the proxy is cut off from network access to the remote DSA.  The
              default is FALSE, i.e. consistency checks and expirations will be performed.

       pcachePersist { TRUE | FALSE }
              Specify  whether  the cached queries should be saved across restarts of the caching
              proxy, to provide hot startup of the cache.  Only non-expired queries are reloaded.
              The default is FALSE.

              CAVEAT:  of  course,  the  configuration  of the proxy cache must not change across
              restarts; the pcache overlay does not perform any consistency checks in this sense.
              In  detail,  this  option  should be disabled unless the existing pcacheAttrset and
              pcacheTemplate directives are not changed neither in order nor in contents.  If new
              sets  and  templates  are  added,  or  if  other  details  of  the  pcache  overlay
              configuration changed, this feature should not be affected.

       pcacheTemplate <template_string> <attrset_index> <ttl> [<negttl> [<limitttl> [<ttr>]]]
              Specifies a cacheable template and "time to live" <ttl> of queries belonging to the
              template.  An optional <negttl> can be used to specify that negative results (i.e.,
              queries that returned zero entries) should also be cached for the specified  amount
              of  time.  Negative  results  are  not  cached  by default (<negttl> set to 0).  An
              optional <limitttl> can be used to specify that results hitting a sizelimit  should
              also  be  cached for the specified amount of time.  Results hitting a sizelimit are
              not cached by default (<limitttl> set to 0).  An optional <ttr> "time  to  refresh"
              can  be used to specify that cached entries should be automatically refreshed after
              a certain time. Entries will only be refreshed while they have not expired, so  the
              <ttl> should be larger than the <ttr> for this option to be useful. Entries are not
              refreshed by default (<ttr> set to 0).

       pcacheBind <filter_template> <attrset_index> <ttr> <scope> <base>
              Specifies a template for caching  Simple  Bind  credentials  based  on  an  already
              defined  pcacheTemplate.  The  <filter_template>  is similar to a <template_string>
              except that it may have some values present. Its purpose is to allow the overlay to
              generate  filters  similar  to  what  other  applications  do when they do a Search
              immediately before a Bind. E.g., if a client like nss_ldap is configured to  search
              for a user with the filter "(&(objectClass=posixAccount)(uid=<username>))" then the
              corresponding template "(&(objectClass=posixAccount)(uid=))" should be  used  here.
              When  converted  to a regular template e.g. "(&(objectClass=)(uid=))" this template
              and the <attrset_index> must match an already defined  pcacheTemplate  clause.  The
              "time  to  refresh"  <ttr>  determines  the  time  interval  after which the cached
              credentials may be refreshed. The first Bind request that occurs  after  that  time
              will  trigger  the refresh attempt. Refreshes are not performed when the overlay is
              Offline. There is no "time  to  live"  parameter  for  the  Bind  credentials;  the
              credentials will expire according to the pcacheTemplate ttl. The <scope> and <base>
              should match the search scope and base used  by  the  authentication  clients.  The
              cached  credentials  are not stored in cleartext, they are hashed using the default
              password hash.  By default Bind caching is not enabled.

       pcachePosition { head | tail }
              Specifies whether the response callback should be placed at the tail (the  default)
              or  at  the head (actually, wherever the stacking sequence would make it appear) of
              the callback list.  This affects how the overlay  interacts  with  other  overlays,
              since  the  proxycache  overlay  should  be executed as early as possible (and thus
              configured as late as possible), to get a chance  to  return  the  cached  results;
              however,  if  executed  early at response, it would cache entries that may be later
              "massaged" by other databases and thus returned after massaging the first time, and
              before massaging when cached.

       There are some constraints:

              all values must be positive;

              <entry_limit> must be less than or equal to <max_entries>;

              <numattrsets>   attribute   sets   SHOULD   be   defined  by  using  the  directive
              pcacheAttrset;

              all attribute sets SHOULD be referenced by (at least) one pcacheTemplate directive;

       The following adds a template with filter string (&(sn=)(givenName=)) and attributes mail,
       postaladdress, telephonenumber and a TTL of 1 hour.

              pcacheAttrset 0 mail postaladdress telephonenumber
              pcacheTemplate (&(sn=)(givenName=)) 0 3600

       Directives for configuring the underlying database must also be given, as shown here:

              directory /var/tmp/cache
              cachesize 100

       Any  valid directives for the chosen database type may be used. Indexing should be used as
       appropriate for the  queries  being  handled.  In  addition,  an  equality  index  on  the
       pcacheQueryid  attribute  should  be configured, to assist in the removal of expired query
       data.

BACKWARD COMPATIBILITY

       The configuration keywords have been renamed and the older form is deprecated. These older
       keywords are still recognized but may disappear in future releases.

       proxycache
              use pcache

       proxyattrset
              use pcacheAttrset

       proxycachequeries
              use pcacheMaxQueries

       proxycheckcacheability
              use pcacheValidate

       proxysavequeries
              use pcachePersist

       proxytemplate
              use pcacheTemplate

       response-callback
              use pcachePosition

CAVEATS

       Caching  data is prone to inconsistencies because updates on the remote server will not be
       reflected in the response of the cache at least (and at most)  for  the  duration  of  the
       pcacheTemplate TTL.  These inconsistencies can be minimized by careful use of the TTR.

       The  remote server should expose the objectClass attribute because the underlying database
       that actually caches the entries may need it for optimal local processing of the queries.

       The proxy  server  should  contain  all  the  schema  information  required  for  caching.
       Significantly,  it  needs  the  schema  of attributes used in the query templates.  If the
       objectClass attribute is used in  a  query  template,  it  needs  the  definition  of  the
       objectClasses  of  the  entries  it is supposed to cache.  It is the responsibility of the
       proxy administrator to keep the proxy schema lined up with that of the proxied server.

       Another potential (and subtle)  inconsistency  may  occur  when  data  is  retrieved  with
       different  identities  and  specific per-identity access control is enforced by the remote
       server.  If data was retrieved with  an  identity  that  collected  only  partial  results
       because  of  access  rules  enforcement  on  the remote server, other users with different
       access privileges on the remote server will get different results from the  remote  server
       and  from  the  cache.  If those users have higher access privileges on the remote server,
       they will get from the cache only a subset of the results they would get directly from the
       remote  server;  but  if they have lower access privileges, they will get from the cache a
       superset of the results they would get directly from the remote server.  Either occurrence
       may  or may not be acceptable, based on the security policy of the cache and of the remote
       server.  It is important to note that in this case the proxy is violating the security  of
       the  remote  server  by  disclosing  to  an  identity  data  that was collected by another
       identity.  For this reason, it is suggested that, when using back-ldap, proxy  caching  be
       used  in  conjunction  with  the  identity  assertion  feature  of  slapd-ldap(5) (see the
       idassert-bind and the idassert-authz statements),  so  that  remote  server  interrogation
       occurs  with  a  vanilla  identity  that  has  some relatively high search and read access
       privileges, and the "real" access control is delegated to the proxy's ACLs.   Beware  that
       since  only the cached fraction of the real datum is available to the cache, it may not be
       possible to enforce the same access rules that are defined on  the  remote  server.   When
       security is a concern, cached proxy access must be carefully tailored.

FILES

       /etc/ldap/slapd.conf
              default slapd configuration file

SEE ALSO

       slapd.conf(5), slapd-config(5), slapd-ldap(5), slapd-meta(5), slapd-sql(5), slapd(8).

AUTHOR

       Originally  implemented  by  Apurva  Kumar  as  an  extension to back-meta; turned into an
       overlay by Howard Chu.