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NAME

       smbpasswd - change a user's SMB password

SYNOPSIS

       smbpasswd [-a] [-c <config file>] [-x] [-d] [-e] [-D debuglevel] [-n]
        [-r <remote machine>] [-R <name resolve order>] [-m] [-U username[%password]] [-h] [-s]
        [-w pass] [-W] [-i] [-L] [username]

DESCRIPTION

       This tool is part of the samba(7) suite.

       The smbpasswd program has several different functions, depending on whether it is run by
       the root user or not. When run as a normal user it allows the user to change the password
       used for their SMB sessions on any machines that store SMB passwords.

       By default (when run with no arguments) it will attempt to change the current user's SMB
       password on the local machine. This is similar to the way the passwd(1) program works.
       smbpasswd differs from how the passwd program works however in that it is not setuid root
       but works in a client-server mode and communicates with a locally running smbd(8). As a
       consequence in order for this to succeed the smbd daemon must be running on the local
       machine. On a UNIX machine the encrypted SMB passwords are usually stored in the
       smbpasswd(5) file.

       When run by an ordinary user with no options, smbpasswd will prompt them for their old SMB
       password and then ask them for their new password twice, to ensure that the new password
       was typed correctly. No passwords will be echoed on the screen whilst being typed. If you
       have a blank SMB password (specified by the string "NO PASSWORD" in the smbpasswd file)
       then just press the <Enter> key when asked for your old password.

       smbpasswd can also be used by a normal user to change their SMB password on remote
       machines, such as Windows NT Primary Domain Controllers. See the (-r) and -U options
       below.

       When run by root, smbpasswd allows new users to be added and deleted in the smbpasswd
       file, as well as allows changes to the attributes of the user in this file to be made.
       When run by root, smbpasswd accesses the local smbpasswd file directly, thus enabling
       changes to be made even if smbd is not running.

OPTIONS

       -a
           This option specifies that the username following should be added to the local
           smbpasswd file, with the new password typed (type <Enter> for the old password). This
           option is ignored if the username following already exists in the smbpasswd file and
           it is treated like a regular change password command. Note that the default passdb
           backends require the user to already exist in the system password file (usually
           /etc/passwd), else the request to add the user will fail.

           This option is only available when running smbpasswd as root.

       -c
           This option can be used to specify the path and file name of the smb.conf
           configuration file when it is important to use other than the default file and / or
           location.

       -x
           This option specifies that the username following should be deleted from the local
           smbpasswd file.

           This option is only available when running smbpasswd as root.

       -d
           This option specifies that the username following should be disabled in the local
           smbpasswd file. This is done by writing a 'D' flag into the account control space in
           the smbpasswd file. Once this is done all attempts to authenticate via SMB using this
           username will fail.

           If the smbpasswd file is in the 'old' format (pre-Samba 2.0 format) there is no space
           in the user's password entry to write this information and the command will FAIL. See
           smbpasswd(5) for details on the 'old' and new password file formats.

           This option is only available when running smbpasswd as root.

       -e
           This option specifies that the username following should be enabled in the local
           smbpasswd file, if the account was previously disabled. If the account was not
           disabled this option has no effect. Once the account is enabled then the user will be
           able to authenticate via SMB once again.

           If the smbpasswd file is in the 'old' format, then smbpasswd will FAIL to enable the
           account. See smbpasswd(5) for details on the 'old' and new password file formats.

           This option is only available when running smbpasswd as root.

       -D debuglevel
           debuglevel is an integer from 0 to 10. The default value if this parameter is not
           specified is zero.

           The higher this value, the more detail will be logged to the log files about the
           activities of smbpasswd. At level 0, only critical errors and serious warnings will be
           logged.

           Levels above 1 will generate considerable amounts of log data, and should only be used
           when investigating a problem. Levels above 3 are designed for use only by developers
           and generate HUGE amounts of log data, most of which is extremely cryptic.

       -n
           This option specifies that the username following should have their password set to
           null (i.e. a blank password) in the local smbpasswd file. This is done by writing the
           string "NO PASSWORD" as the first part of the first password stored in the smbpasswd
           file.

           Note that to allow users to logon to a Samba server once the password has been set to
           "NO PASSWORD" in the smbpasswd file the administrator must set the following parameter
           in the [global] section of the smb.conf file :

           null passwords = yes

           This option is only available when running smbpasswd as root.

       -r remote machine name
           This option allows a user to specify what machine they wish to change their password
           on. Without this parameter smbpasswd defaults to the local host. The remote machine
           name is the NetBIOS name of the SMB/CIFS server to contact to attempt the password
           change. This name is resolved into an IP address using the standard name resolution
           mechanism in all programs of the Samba suite. See the -R name resolve order parameter
           for details on changing this resolving mechanism.

           The username whose password is changed is that of the current UNIX logged on user. See
           the -U username parameter for details on changing the password for a different
           username.

           Note that if changing a Windows NT Domain password the remote machine specified must
           be the Primary Domain Controller for the domain (Backup Domain Controllers only have a
           read-only copy of the user account database and will not allow the password change).

           Note that Windows 95/98 do not have a real password database so it is not possible to
           change passwords specifying a Win95/98 machine as remote machine target.

       -R name resolve order
           This option allows the user of smbpasswd to determine what name resolution services to
           use when looking up the NetBIOS name of the host being connected to.

           The options are :"lmhosts", "host", "wins" and "bcast". They cause names to be
           resolved as follows:

           •   lmhosts: Lookup an IP address in the Samba lmhosts file. If the line in lmhosts
               has no name type attached to the NetBIOS name (see the lmhosts(5) for details)
               then any name type matches for lookup.

           •   host: Do a standard host name to IP address resolution, using the system
               /etc/hosts, NIS, or DNS lookups. This method of name resolution is operating
               system depended for instance on IRIX or Solaris this may be controlled by the
               /etc/nsswitch.conf file). Note that this method is only used if the NetBIOS name
               type being queried is the 0x20 (server) name type, otherwise it is ignored.

           •   wins: Query a name with the IP address listed in the wins server parameter. If no
               WINS server has been specified this method will be ignored.

           •   bcast: Do a broadcast on each of the known local interfaces listed in the
               interfaces parameter. This is the least reliable of the name resolution methods as
               it depends on the target host being on a locally connected subnet.

       The default order is lmhosts, host, wins, bcast and without this parameter or any entry in
       the smb.conf(5) file the name resolution methods will be attempted in this order.

       -m
           This option tells smbpasswd that the account being changed is a MACHINE account.
           Currently this is used when Samba is being used as an NT Primary Domain Controller.

           This option is only available when running smbpasswd as root.

       -U username
           This option may only be used in conjunction with the -r option. When changing a
           password on a remote machine it allows the user to specify the user name on that
           machine whose password will be changed. It is present to allow users who have
           different user names on different systems to change these passwords.

       -h
           This option prints the help string for smbpasswd, selecting the correct one for
           running as root or as an ordinary user.

       -s
           This option causes smbpasswd to be silent (i.e. not issue prompts) and to read its old
           and new passwords from standard input, rather than from /dev/tty (like the passwd(1)
           program does). This option is to aid people writing scripts to drive smbpasswd

       -w password
           This parameter is only available if Samba has been compiled with LDAP support. The -w
           switch is used to specify the password to be used with the ldap admin dn. Note that
           the password is stored in the secrets.tdb and is keyed off of the admin's DN. This
           means that if the value of ldap admin dn ever changes, the password will need to be
           manually updated as well.

       -W
           NOTE: This option is same as "-w" except that the password should be entered using
           stdin.

           This parameter is only available if Samba has been compiled with LDAP support. The -W
           switch is used to specify the password to be used with the ldap admin dn. Note that
           the password is stored in the secrets.tdb and is keyed off of the admin's DN. This
           means that if the value of ldap admin dn ever changes, the password will need to be
           manually updated as well.

       -i
           This option tells smbpasswd that the account being changed is an interdomain trust
           account. Currently this is used when Samba is being used as an NT Primary Domain
           Controller. The account contains the info about another trusted domain.

           This option is only available when running smbpasswd as root.

       -L
           Run in local mode.

       username
           This specifies the username for all of the root only options to operate on. Only root
           can specify this parameter as only root has the permission needed to modify attributes
           directly in the local smbpasswd file.

NOTES

       Since smbpasswd works in client-server mode communicating with a local smbd for a non-root
       user then the smbd daemon must be running for this to work. A common problem is to add a
       restriction to the hosts that may access the smbd running on the local machine by
       specifying either allow hosts or deny hosts entry in the smb.conf(5) file and neglecting
       to allow "localhost" access to the smbd.

       In addition, the smbpasswd command is only useful if Samba has been set up to use
       encrypted passwords.

VERSION

       This man page is correct for version 3 of the Samba suite.

SEE ALSO

       smbpasswd(5), Samba(7).

AUTHOR

       The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba
       is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar to the way the Linux
       kernel is developed.

       The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. The man page sources were
       converted to YODL format (another excellent piece of Open Source software, available at
       ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/) and updated for the Samba 2.0 release by Jeremy Allison.
       The conversion to DocBook for Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter. The conversion to
       DocBook XML 4.2 for Samba 3.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy.