Provided by: ganeti_2.9.3-1_all bug

Name

       ganeti-os-interface - Specifications for guest OS types

DESCRIPTION

       The  method  of supporting guest operating systems in Ganeti is to have, for each guest OS
       type, a directory containing a number of required files.  This directory must  be  present
       across all nodes (Ganeti doesn't replicate it) in order for the OS to be usable by Ganeti.

REFERENCE

       There  are  eight  required  files:  create, import, export, rename, verify (executables),
       ganeti_api_version, variants.list and parameters.list (text files).

   Common environment
       All commands will get their input via environment variables.  A common  set  of  variables
       will  be exported for all commands, and some of them might have extra ones.  Note that all
       counts are zero-based.

       Since Ganeti version 2.5, the environment will  be  cleaned  up  before  being  passed  to
       scripts,  therefore  they  will  not inherit the environment in with which the ganeti node
       daemon was started.  If you depend on any environment  variables  (non-Ganeti),  then  you
       will need to define or source them appropriately.

       OS_API_VERSION
              The OS API version that the rest of the environment conforms to.

       INSTANCE_NAME
              The instance name the script should operate on.

       INSTANCE_OS, OS_NAME
              Both  names  point  to  the name of the instance's OS as Ganeti knows it.  This can
              simplify the OS scripts by providing the same scripts  under  multiple  names,  and
              then the scripts can use this name to alter their behaviour.

              With  OS  API 15 changing the script behavior based on this variable is deprecated:
              OS_VARIANT should be used instead (see below).

       OS_VARIANT
              The variant of the OS which should be installed.  Each OS must support all variants
              listed  under  its  variants.list  file,  and may support more.  Any more supported
              variants should be properly documented in the per-OS documentation.

       HYPERVISOR
              The hypervisor of this instance.

       DISK_COUNT
              The number of disks the instance has.  The actual disk definitions are in a set  of
              additional  variables.   The  instance's disk will be numbered from 0 to this value
              minus one.

       DISK_%N_PATH
              The path to the storage for disk N of the instance.  This might be either  a  block
              device  or a regular file, in which case the OS scripts should use losetup (if they
              need to mount it).  E.g.  the first disk of  the  instance  might  be  exported  as
              DISK_0_PATH=/dev/drbd0.

       DISK_%N_ACCESS
              This  is  how the hypervisor will export the instance disks: either read-write (rw)
              or read-only (ro).

       DISK_%N_UUID
              The uuid associated with the N-th disk of the instance.

       DISK_%N_NAME
              (Optional) The name, if any, associated with the N-th disk of the instance.

       DISK_%N_FRONTEND_TYPE
              (Optional) If applicable to the current hypervisor type: the  type  of  the  device
              exported  by  the hypervisor.  For example, the Xen HVM hypervisor can export disks
              as either paravirtual or ioemu.

       DISK_%N_BACKEND_TYPE
              How files are visible on the node side.  This can be either block (when using block
              devices)  or  file:type, where type is either loop, blktap or blktap2, depending on
              how the hypervisor will be configured.  Note that not all backend  types  apply  to
              all hypervisors.

       NIC_COUNT
              Similar to the DISK_COUNT, this represents the number of NICs of the instance.

       NIC_%N_MAC
              The MAC address associated with this interface.

       NIC_%N_UUID
              The uuid associated with the N-th NIC of the instance.

       NIC_%N_NAME
              (Optional) The name, if any, associated with the N-th NIC of the instance.

       NIC_%N_IP
              The IP address, if any, associated with the N-th NIC of the instance.

       NIC_%N_MODE
              The NIC mode, routed, bridged or openvswitch

       NIC_%N_BRIDGE
              The  bridge to which this NIC will be attached.  This variable is defined only when
              the NIC is in bridged mode.

       NIC_%N_LINK
              In bridged or openvswitch mode, this is the interface to  which  the  NIC  will  be
              attached  (same  as  NIC_%N_BRIDGE  for bridged).  In routed mode it is the routing
              table which will be used by the hypervisor to insert the appropriate routes.

       NIC_%N_FRONTEND_TYPE
              (Optional) If applicable, the type of the exported NIC to the instance, this can be
              one of: rtl8139, ne2k_pci, ne2k_isa, paravirtual.

       NIC_%d_NETWORK_NAME
              (Optional) If a NIC network is specified, the network's name.

       NIC_%d_NETWORK_UUID
              (Optional) If a NIC network is specified, the network's uuid.

       NIC_%d_NETWORK_FAMILY
              (Optional) If a NIC network is specified, the network's family.

       NIC_%d_NETWORK_SUBNET
              (Optional) If a NIC network is specified, the network's IPv4 subnet.

       NIC_%d_NETWORK_GATEWAY
              (Optional) If a NIC network is specified, the network's IPv4 gateway.

       NIC_%d_NETWORK_SUBNET6
              (Optional) If a NIC network is specified, the network's IPv6 subnet.

       NIC_%d_NETWORK_GATEWAY6
              (Optional) If a NIC network is specified, the network's IPv6 gateway.

       NIC_%d_NETWORK_MAC_PREFIX
              (Optional) If a NIC network is specified, the network's mac prefix.

       NIC_%d_NETWORK_TAGS
              (Optional) If a NIC network is specified, the network's tags, space separated.

       OSP_name
              Each  OS  parameter (see below) will be exported in its own variable, prefixed with
              OSP_, and upper-cased.  For example, a dhcp parameter will be exported as OSP_DHCP.

       DEBUG_LEVEL
              If non-zero, this should cause the OS  script  to  generate  verbose  logs  of  its
              execution, for troubleshooting purposes.  Currently only 0 and 1 are valid values.

EXECUTABLE SCRIPTS

   create
       The create command is used for creating a new instance from scratch.  It has no additional
       environment variables bside the common ones.

       The INSTANCE_NAME variable denotes the name  of  the  instance,  which  is  guaranteed  to
       resolve  to  an  IP address.  The create script should configure the instance according to
       this name.  It can configure the  IP  statically  or  not,  depending  on  the  deployment
       environment.

       The  INSTANCE_REINSTALL  variable  is set to 1 when this create request is reinstalling an
       existing instance, rather than creating a new one.  This can  be  used,  for  example,  to
       preserve some data in the old instance in an OS-specific way.

   export
       This  command  is  used  in  order  to make a backup of a given disk of the instance.  The
       command should write to stdout a dump of the given  block  device.   The  output  of  this
       program will be passed during restore to the import command.

       The  specific  disk  to  backup  is  denoted  by  two  additional  environment  variables:
       EXPORT_INDEX which denotes the index in the instance disks structure (and  could  be  used
       for  example to skip the second disk if not needed for backup) and EXPORT_DEVICE which has
       the same value as DISK_N_PATH but is duplicated here for easier  usage  by  shell  scripts
       (rather than parse the DISK_... variables).

       To  provide  the  user with an estimate on how long the export will take, a predicted size
       can be written to the file descriptor passed in the variable EXP_SIZE_FD.  The value is in
       bytes  and must be terminated by a newline character (\n).  Older versions of Ganeti don't
       support this feature, hence the variable should be checked before use.  Example:

              if test -n "$EXP_SIZE_FD"; then
                blockdev --getsize64 $blockdev >&$EXP_SIZE_FD
              fi

   import
       The import command is used for restoring an instance from a backup as done by export.  The
       arguments  are  the  similar  to  those passed to export, whose output will be provided on
       stdin.

       The difference in variables is that the current  disk  is  denoted  by  IMPORT_DEVICE  and
       IMPORT_INDEX (instead of EXPORT_...).

   rename
       This  command  is  used  in  order to perform a rename at the instance OS level, after the
       instance has been renamed in Ganeti.  The command should do whatever steps are required to
       ensure  that the instance is updated to use the new name, if the operating system supports
       it.

       Note that it is acceptable for the rename script to do nothing at all, however  be  warned
       that  in this case, there will be a desynchronization between what gnt-instance list shows
       you and the actual hostname of the instance.

       The script will be passed one additional  environment  variable  called  OLD_INSTANCE_NAME
       which  holds  the  old  instance  name.  The INSTANCE_NAME variable holds the new instance
       name.

       A very simple rename script should at least change the hostname  and  IP  address  of  the
       instance, leaving the administrator to update the other services.

   verify
       The  verify  script  is  used to verify consistency of the OS parameters (see below).  The
       command should take one or more arguments denoting what checks should  be  performed,  and
       return a proper exit code depending on whether the validation failed or succeeded.

       Currently  (API  version  20),  only  one parameter is supported: parameters.  This should
       validate the OSP_ variables from the environment, and output diagnostic messages  in  case
       the validation fails.

       For the dhcp parameter given as example above, a verification script could be:

              #!/bin/sh

              case $OSP_DHCP in
                ""|yes|no)
                    ;;
                *)
                  echo "Invalid value '$OSP_DHCP' for the dhcp parameter" 1>&2
                  exit 1;
                  ;;
              esac

              exit 0

TEXT FILES

   ganeti_api_version
       The ganeti_api_version file is a plain text file containing the version(s) of the guest OS
       API that this OS definition complies with, one per line.  The version documented  by  this
       man page is 20, so this file must contain the number 20 followed by a newline if only this
       version is supported.  A script compatible  with  more  than  one  Ganeti  version  should
       contain  the most recent version first (i.e.  20), followed by the old version(s) (in this
       case 15 and/or 10).

   variants.list
       variants.list is a plain text file containing all the declared supported variants for this
       OS,  one  per  line.  If this file is missing or empty, then the OS won't be considered to
       support variants.

       Empty lines and lines starting with a hash (#) are ignored.

   parameters.list
       This file declares the parameters supported by the OS, one parameter per line,  with  name
       and description (space and/or tab separated).  For example:

              dhcp Whether to enable (yes) or disable (no) dhcp
              root_size The size of the root partition, in GiB

       The parameters can then be used in instance add or modification, as follows:

              # gnt-instance add -O dhcp=no,root_size=8 ...

NOTES

   Backwards compatibility
       Ganeti  2.3  and  up is compatible with API versions 10, 15 and 20.  The OS parameters and
       related scripts (verify) are only supported in version  20.   The  variants  functionality
       (variants.list, and OS_VARIANT env.  var) are supported/present only in version 15 and up.

   Common behaviour
       All  the  scripts  should  display  an  usage  message  when called with a wrong number of
       arguments or when the first argument is -h or --help.

   Upgrading from old versions
   Version 15 to 20
       The parameters.list file and verify script have been added.  For no parameters,  an  empty
       parameters file and an empty verify script which returns success can be used.

   Version 10 to 15
       The  variants.list  file  has  been  added,  so  OSes should support at least one variant,
       declaring it in that file and  must  be  prepared  to  parse  the  OS_VARIANT  environment
       variable.   OSes are free to support more variants than just the declared ones.  Note that
       this file is optional; without it, the variants functionality is disabled.

   Version 5 to 10
       The method for  passing  data  has  changed  from  command  line  options  to  environment
       variables,  so scripts should be modified to use these.  For an example of how this can be
       done in a way compatible with  both  versions,  feel  free  to  look  at  the  debootstrap
       instance's common.sh auxiliary script.

       Also,  instances  can  have  now  a variable number of disks, not only two, and a variable
       number of NICs (instead of fixed one), so the scripts should deal with this.  The  biggest
       change  is  in  the  import/export,  which  are  called once per disk, instead of once per
       instance.

   Version 4 to 5
       The rename script has been added.  If you don't want to do any changes  on  the  instances
       after  a  rename,  you  can  migrate the OS definition to version 5 by creating the rename
       script simply as:

              #!/bin/sh

              exit 0

       Note that the script must be executable.

REPORTING BUGS

       Report  bugs  to  project  website  (http://code.google.com/p/ganeti/)  or   contact   the
       developers using the Ganeti mailing list (ganeti@googlegroups.com).

SEE ALSO

       Ganeti  overview  and specifications: ganeti(7) (general overview), ganeti-os-interface(7)
       (guest OS definitions), ganeti-extstorage-interface(7) (external storage providers).

       Ganeti  commands:  gnt-cluster(8)   (cluster-wide   commands),   gnt-job(8)   (job-related
       commands),  gnt-node(8) (node-related commands), gnt-instance(8) (instance commands), gnt-
       os(8) (guest OS commands), gnt-storage(8) (storage  commands),  gnt-group(8)  (node  group
       commands), gnt-backup(8) (instance import/export commands), gnt-debug(8) (debug commands).

       Ganeti  daemons:  ganeti-watcher(8) (automatic instance restarter), ganeti-cleaner(8) (job
       queue cleaner), ganeti-noded(8) (node daemon), ganeti-masterd(8) (master daemon),  ganeti-
       rapi(8) (remote API daemon).

       Ganeti htools: htools(1) (generic binary), hbal(1) (cluster balancer), hspace(1) (capacity
       calculation), hail(1) (IAllocator plugin), hscan(1) (data gatherer from remote  clusters),
       hinfo(1) (cluster information printer), mon-collector(7) (data collectors interface).

COPYRIGHT

       Copyright  (C) 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012 Google Inc.  Permission is granted
       to copy, distribute and/or modify under the terms of the GNU  General  Public  License  as
       published  by  the  Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your
       option) any later version.

       On Debian systems, the complete text of the GNU General Public License  can  be  found  in
       /usr/share/common-licenses/GPL.