Provided by: lsscsi_0.27-2_amd64 bug

NAME

       lsscsi - list SCSI devices (or hosts) and their attributes

SYNOPSIS

       lsscsi [--classic] [--device] [--generic] [--help] [--hosts] [--kname] [--list] [--lunhex]
       [--long] [--protection] [--protmode] [--scsi_id] [--size] [--sysfsroot=PATH] [--transport]
       [--verbose] [--version] [--wwn] [H:C:T:L]

DESCRIPTION

       Uses  information  in  sysfs  (Linux kernel series 2.6 and later) to list SCSI devices (or
       hosts) currently attached to the system. Options can be used to  control  the  amount  and
       form of information provided for each device.

       If a H:C:T:L argument is given then it acts as a filter and only devices that match it are
       listed. The colons don't have to be present, and '-', '*', '?' or missing arguments at the
       end  are  interpreted  as  wildcards.  The  default  is  '*:*:*:*'  which  means  to match
       everything. Any filter string using '*' of '?' should be surrounded by  single  or  double
       quotes  to  stop  shell  expansions.  If  '-'  is used as a wildcard then the whole filter
       argument should be prefixed by '-- ' to tell this utility there are no more options on the
       command  line  to  be  interpreted.   A  leading  '[' and trailing ']' are permitted (e.g.
       '[1:0:0]' matches all LUNs on 1:0:0). May also be used to filter  --hosts  in  which  case
       only  the  H  is active and may be either a number or in the form "host<n>" where <n> is a
       host number.

       By default in this utility device node names (e.g.  "/dev/sda"  or  "/dev/root_disk")  are
       obtained  by  noting the major and minor numbers for the listed device obtained from sysfs
       (e.g. the contents of "/sys/block/sda/dev") and then looking for a  match  in  the  "/dev"
       directory.  This  "match  by  major  and  minor" will allow devices that have been given a
       different name by udev (for example) to be correctly reported by this utility.

       In some situations it may be useful to see the device node name that Linux  would  produce
       by  default, so the --kname option is provided.  An example of where this may be useful is
       kernel error logs which tend to report disk error messages using the disk's default kernel
       name.

OPTIONS

       Arguments  to  long  options  are  mandatory  for  short options as well.  The options are
       arranged in alphabetical order based on the long option name.

       -c, --classic
              The output is similar to that obtained from 'cat /proc/scsi/scsi'

       -d, --device
              After outputting the (probable) SCSI device name the device node  major  and  minor
              numbers are shown in brackets (e.g. "/dev/sda[8:0]").

       -g, --generic
              Output the SCSI generic device file name. Note that if the sg driver is a module it
              may need to be loaded otherwise '-' may appear.

       -h, --help
              Output the usage message and exit.

       -H, --hosts
              List the SCSI hosts currently attached to the system. If this option is  not  given
              then SCSI devices are listed.

       -k, --kname
              Use  Linux  default  algorithm  for  naming devices (e.g. block major 8, minor 0 is
              "/dev/sda") rather than the "match by major and minor" in the "/dev"  directory  as
              discussed above.

       -L, --list
              Output  additional information in <attribute_name>=<value> pairs, one pair per line
              preceded by two spaces. This option has the same effect as '-lll'.

       -l, --long
              Output additional information for each SCSI device (host).  Can  be  used  multiple
              times  for  more  output  in  which case the shorter option form is more convenient
              (e.g. '-lll'). When used three times  (i.e.  '-lll')  outputs  SCSI  device  (host)
              attributes    one    per    line;   preceded   by   two   spaces;   in   the   form
              "<attribute_name>=<value>".

       -x, --lunhex
              when this option is used once the LUN in the tuple (at the  start  of  each  device
              line) is shown in "T10" format which is up to 16 hexadecimal digits. It is prefixed
              by "0x" to distinguish the LUN from the decimal value shown in the absence of  this
              option.  Also hierarchal LUNs are shown with a "_" character separating the levels.
              For example the two level LUN: 0x0355006600000000 will appear  as  0x0355_0066.  If
              this  option  is  given  twice  (e.g. using the short form: '-xx') then the full 16
              hexadecimal digits are shown for each LUN, prefixed by "0x".

       -p, --protection
              Output target (DIF) and initiator (DIX) protection types.

       -P, --protmode
              Output effective protection information mode for each disk device.

       -i, --scsi_id
              outputs the udev derived matching id found in /dev/disk/by-id/scsi* .  This is only
              for  disk  (and  disk like) devices. If no match is found then "dm-uuid-mpath*" and
              "usb*" are searched in the same directory.  If there is still  no  match  then  the
              /sys/class/block/<disk>/holders  directory  is searched. The matching id is printed
              following the device name (e.g.  /dev/sdc) and if there is no match "-" is output.

       -s, --size
              Print disk capacity in human readable form.

       -t, --transport
              Output transport information. This will be a  target  related  information  or,  if
              --hosts  is  given, initiator related information. When used without --list, a name
              or identifier (or both) are output on a single line, usually prefixed by  the  type
              of  transport. For devices this information replaces the normal vendor, product and
              revision strings. When the --list option is also given then  additionally  multiple
              lines  of  attribute_name=value  pairs are output, each indented by two spaces. See
              the section on transports below.

       -v, --verbose
              outputs directory names where information is found. Use  multiple  times  for  more
              output.

       -V, --version
              outputs version information then exits.

       -w, --wwn
              outputs  the  WWN for disks instead of manufacturer, model and revision (or instead
              of transport information). The World Wide Name (WWN) is typically 64 bits long  (16
              hex  digits)  but could be up to 128 bits long. To indicate the WWN is hexadecimal,
              it is prefixed by "0x".

       -y, --sysfsroot=PATH
              assumes sysfs is mounted at PATH instead of the default '/sys' . If this option  is
              given PATH should be an absolute path (i.e. start with '/').

TRANSPORTS

       This  utility  lists  SCSI  devices  which  are  known  as  logical units (LU) in the SCSI
       Architecture Model (ref: SAM-4 at http://www.t10.org) or hosts when the --hosts option  is
       given.  A  host  is  called  an  initiator  in  SAM-4.  A  SCSI command travels out via an
       initiator, across some transport to a target and then onwards to a logical unit. A  target
       device  may  contain several logical units. A target device has one or more ports that can
       be viewed as transport end points. Each FC and SAS disk is a single target  that  has  two
       ports  and  contains  one  logical  unit.  If  both  target  ports on a FC or SAS disk are
       connected and visible to a machine, then lsscsi will show two  entries.  Initiators  (i.e.
       hosts)  also have one or more ports and some HBAs in Linux have a host entry per initiator
       port while others have a host entry per initiator device.

       When the --transport option is given for devices (i.e.  --hosts not given)  then  most  of
       the  information  produced by lsscsi is associated with the target, or more precisely: the
       target port, through which SCSI commands pass that access a logical unit.

       Typically this utility provides one line of output per "device"  or  host.   Significantly
       more  information can be obtained by adding the --list option. When used together with the
       --transport  option,  after  the  summary  line,  multiple  lines  of  transport  specific
       information  in  the  form  "<attribute_name>=<value>"  are  output,  each indented by two
       spaces.  Using a filter argument will reduce the volume of output if a lot of  devices  or
       hosts are present.

       The  transports  that  are currently recognized are: IEEE 1394, ATA, FC, iSCSI, SAS, SATA,
       SPI and USB.

       For IEEE 1394 (a.k.a. Firewire and "SBP" when  storage  is  involved),  the  EUI-64  based
       target  port  name  is  output  when  --transport  is given, in the absence of the --hosts
       option. When the --hosts option is given then the EUI-64 initiator port  name  is  output.
       Output on the summary line specific to the IEEE 1394 transport is prefixed by "sbp:".

       to detect ATA and SATA a crude check is performed on the driver name (after the checks for
       other transports are exhausted). Based on the driver name either  ATA  or  SATA  transport
       type  is  chosen.  Output  on  the  summary  line  is  either  "ata:" or "sata:". No other
       attributes are given.  Most device and hosts flagged as "ata:" will use the  parallel  ATA
       transport (PATA).

       For  Fibre  Channel  (FC) the port name and port identifier are output when --transport is
       given. In the absence of the --hosts  option  these  ids  will  be  for  the  target  port
       associated  with  the device (logical unit) being listed. When the --hosts option is given
       then the ids are for the initiator port used by the  host.  Output  on  the  summary  line
       specific  to  the  FC transport is prefixed by "fc:".  If FCoE (over Ethernet) is detected
       the prefix is changed to "fcoe:".

       For iSCSI the target port name is output when --transport is given, in the absence of  the
       --hosts  option.  This is made up of the iSCSI name and the target portal group tag. Since
       the iSCSI name starts with "iqn" no further prefix is used. When  the  --hosts  option  is
       given then only "iscsi:" is output on the summary line.

       For  Serial Attached SCSI the SAS address of the target port (or initiator port if --hosts
       option is also given) is output. This will be a  naa-5  address.  For  SAS  HBAs  and  SAS
       targets (such as SAS disks and tape drives) the SAS address will be world wide unique. For
       SATA disks attached to a SAS expander, the expander provides the SAS address by  adding  a
       non  zero  value  to  its  (i.e.  the expander's) SAS address (e.g. expander_sas_address +
       phy_id + 1). SATA disks directly attached to SAS HBAs seem to have  an  indeterminate  SAS
       address. Output on the summary line specific to the SAS transport is prefixed by "sas:".

       For the SCSI Parallel Interface (SPI) the target port identifier (usually a number between
       0 and 15 inclusive) is output when --transport is given, in the  absence  of  the  --hosts
       option. When the --hosts option is given then only "spi:" is output on the summary line.

       When  a  USB transport is detected, the summary line will contain "usb:" followed by a USB
       device name. The USB device name has the form "<b>-<p1>[.<p2>[.<p3>]]:<c>.<i>"  where  <b>
       is  the  USB  bus number, <p1> is the port on the host. <p2> is a port on a host connected
       hub, if present.  If needed <p3> is a USB hub port closer to the USB storage  device.  <c>
       refers  to the configuration number while <i> is the interface number. There is a separate
       SCSI host for each USB (SCSI) target. A USB  SCSI  target  may  contain  multiple  logical
       units.  Thus  the  same  "usb:  <device_name>"  string appears for a USB SCSI host and all
       logical units that belong to the USB SCSI target associated with that USB SCSI host.

LUNS

       For historical reasons and as used by several other Unix based  Operating  Systems,  Linux
       uses  a  tuple  of  integers to describe (a path to) a SCSI device (also know as a Logical
       Unit (LU)). The last element of that tuple is the so-called Logical Unit Number (LUN). And
       originally  in  SCSI a LUN was an integer, at first 3 bits long, then 8 then 16 bits. SCSI
       LUNs today (SAM-5 section 4.7) are 64 bits but SCSI standards now consider a LUN to be  an
       array of 8 bytes.

       Up  until  2013, Linux mapped SCSI LUNs to a 32 bit integer by taking the first 4 bytes of
       the SCSI LUN and ignoring the last 4 bytes. Linux treated the first two bytes of the  SCSI
       LUN  as  a  unit  (a  word)  and  it became the least significant 16 bits in the Linux LUN
       integer. The next two bytes of the SCSI LUN became the upper 16  bits  in  the  Linux  LUN
       integer.  The  rationale for this was to keep commonly used LUNs small Linux LUN integers.
       The most common LUN (by far) in SCSI LUN (hex) notation is 00 00 00 00 00  00  00  00  and
       this  becomes the Linux LUN integer 0. The next most common LUN is 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00
       and this becomes the Linux LUN integer 1.

       In 2013 it is proposed to increase Linux LUNs to a 64 bit integer by extending the mapping
       outlined  above.  In this case all information that is possible to represent in a SCSI LUN
       is mapped a Linux LUN (64 bit) integer. And the mapping can  be  reversed  without  losing
       information.

       This  version  of  the utility supports both 32 and 64 bit Linux LUN integers.  By default
       the LUN shown at the end of the tuple commencing each line is a Linux  LUN  as  a  decimal
       integer.  When  the --lunhex option is given then the LUN is in SCSI LUN format with the 8
       bytes run together, with the output in hexadecimal  and  prefixed  by  '0x'.  The  LUN  is
       decoded according to SAM-5's description and trailing zeros (i.e. digits to the right) are
       not shown. So LUN 0 (i.e. 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00) is shown as 0x0000 and LUN 65 (i.e.  00
       41  00 00 00 00 00 00) is shown as 0x0041.  If the --lunhex option is given twice then the
       full 64 bits (i.e. 16 hexadecimal digits) are shown.

       If the --lunhex option is not given on the command  line  then  the  environment  variable
       LSSCSI_LUNHEX_OPT  is  checked.  If LSSCSI_LUNHEX_OPT is present then its associated value
       becomes  the  number  of  times  the  --lunhex  is  set  internally.  So,   for   example,
       'LSSCSI_LUNHEX_OPT=2  lsscsi' and 'lsscsi -xx' are equivalent.

EXAMPLES

       Information   about   this   utility   including   examples   can   also   be   found  at:
       http://sg.danny.cz/scsi/lsscsi.html .

NOTES

       Information for this command is derived from the sysfs file system, which is assumed to be
       mounted  at  /sys unless specified otherwise by the user.  SCSI (pseudo) devices that have
       been detected by the SCSI mid level will be  listed  even  if  the  required  upper  level
       drivers (i.e. sd, sr, st, osst or ch) have not been loaded. If the appropriate upper level
       driver has not been loaded then the device file  name  will  appear  as  '-'  rather  than
       something  like  '/dev/st0'. Note that some devices (e.g. scanners and medium changers) do
       not have a primary upper level driver and can only be accessed via  a  SCSI  generic  (sg)
       device name.

       Generic  SCSI  devices  can also be accessed via the bsg driver in Linux.  By default, the
       bsg driver's device node names are of the form '/dev/bsg/H:C:T:L'. So,  for  example,  the
       SCSI  device  shown  by  this utility on a line starting with the tuple '6:0:1:2' could be
       accessed via the bsg driver with the '/dev/bsg/6:0:1:2' device node name.

       lsscsi version 0.21 or later is required to correctly display SCSI devices in Linux kernel
       2.6.26  (and  possibly  later)  when  the  CONFIG_SYSFS_DEPRECATED_V2 kernel option is not
       defined.

AUTHOR

       Written by Doug Gilbert

REPORTING BUGS

       Report bugs to <dgilbert at interlog dot com>.

COPYRIGHT

       Copyright © 2003-2013 Douglas Gilbert
       This software is distributed under the GPL version 2. There is NO warranty; not  even  for
       MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

SEE ALSO

       lspci lsusb