NAME

       oping - send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to network hosts

SYNOPSIS

       oping [-4 | -6] [-c count] [-i interval] host [host [host ...]]

       oping [-4 | -6] [-c count] [-i interval] -f filename

       noping [-4 | -6] [-c count] [-i interval] host [host [host ...]]

       noping [-4 | -6] [-c count] [-i interval] -f filename

DESCRIPTION

       oping uses ICMPv4 or ICMPv6 ECHO_REQUEST packets to measure a hosts reachability and the
       network latency. In contrast to the original ping(8) utility oping can send ICMP packets
       to multiple hosts in parallel and wait for all ECHO_RESPONSE packets to arrive. In
       contrast to the fping utility (URL is listed in "SEE ALSO") oping can use both, IPv4 and
       IPv6 transparently and side by side.

       noping is an ncurses-based front-end to liboping which displays ping statistics online and
       highlights aberrant round-trip times if the terminal supports colors.

OPTIONS

       -4  Force the use of IPv4.

       -6  Force the use of IPv6.

       -c count
           Send (and receive) count ICMP packets, then stop and exit.

       -i interval
           Send one ICMP packet (per host) each interval seconds. This can be a floating-point
           number to specify sub-second precision.

       -t ttl
           Set the IP Time to Live to ttl. This must be a number between (and including)
           1 and 255. If omitted, the value 64 is used.

       -I address
           Set the source address to use. You may either specify an IP number or a hostname. You
           cannot pass the interface name, as you can with GNU's ping(8) - use the -D option for
           that purpose.

       -D interface name
           Set the outgoing network device to use.

       -f filename
           Instead of specifying hostnames on the command line, read them from filename. If
           filename is -, read from "STDIN".

           If oping is installed with the SetUID-bit, it will set the effective UID to the real
           UID before opening the file. In the special (but common) case that oping is owned by
           the super-user (UID 0), this means that privileges are temporarily dropped before
           opening the file, in order to prevent users from reading arbitrary files on the
           system.

           If your system doesn't provide saved set-user IDs (this was an optional feature before
           POSIX 2001), the behavior is different because it is not possible to temporarily drop
           privileges. The alternative behavior is: If the real user ID (as returned by
           getuid(2)) and the effective user ID (as returned by geteuid(2)) differ, the only
           argument allowed for this option is "-" (i.e. standard input).

       -Q qos
           Specify the Quality of Service (QoS) for outgoing packets. This is a somewhat tricky
           option, since the meaning of the bits in the IPv4 header has been revised several
           times.

           The currently recommended method is Differentiated Services which is used in IPv6
           headers as well. There are shortcuts for various predefined per-hop behaviors (PHBs):

           be  Selects the Best Effort behavior. This is the default behavior.

           ef  Selects the Expedited Forwarding (EF) per-hop behavior, as defined in RFC 3246.
               This PHB is characterised by low delay, low loss and low jitter, i.e. high
               priority traffic.

           va  Selects the Voice Admitted (VA) per-hop behavior, as defined in RFC 5865. This
               traffic class is meant for Voice over IP (VoIP) traffic which uses Call Admission
               Control (CAC) for reserving network capacity.

           afcp
               Selects one of 12 differentiated services code points (DSCPs), which are organized
               in four classes with three priorities each. Therefore, c must be a number
               between 1 through 4 and p must be a number between 1 through 3, for example
               "af13", "af22" and "af41". In each class, the lower priority number takes
               precedence over the higher priority number.

           csn Selects one of the eight Class Selector PHBs. n is a number between 0 through 7.
               The class selectors have been defined to be compatible to the Precedence field in
               the IPv4 header as defined in RFC 791. Please note that "cs0" is synonymous to
               "be".

           The old definition of the same bits in the IPv4 header was as Type of Service (ToS)
           field, specified in RFC 1349. It defined four possible values which have appropriate
           aliases. Please note that this use of the bits is deprecated and the meaning is
           limited to IPv4!

           lowdelay
               Minimize delay

           throughput
               Maximize throughput

           reliability
               Maximize reliability

           mincost
               Minimize monetary cost

           Alternatively, you can also specify the byte manually. You can use either a decimal
           number (0-255), a hexadecimal number (0x00-0xff) or an octal number (00-0377) using
           the usual "0x" and "0" prefixes for hexadecimal and octal respectively.

           The printed lines will contain information about the QoS field of received packets if
           either a non-standard QoS setting was used on outgoing packets or if the QoS byte of
           incoming packets is not zero. In other words, the QoS information is omitted if both,
           the outgoing and the incoming QoS bytes are zero. The received byte is always
           interpreted as Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) and Explicit Congestion
           Notification (ECN), even if the deprecated Type of Service (ToS) aliases were used to
           specify the bits of outgoing packets.

       -Z percent
           If any hosts have a drop rate higher than percent, where percent is a number between
           zero and 100 inclusively, exit with a non-zero exit status.  Since it is not possible
           to have a higher drop rate than 100%, passing this limit will effectively disable the
           feature (the default). Setting the option to zero means that the exit status will only
           be zero if all replies for all hosts have been received.

           The exit status will indicate the number of hosts with more than percent packets lost,
           up to a number of 255 failing hosts.

       -u|-U
           noping only -u forces UTF-8 output, -U disables UTF-8 output. If neither is given, the
           codeset is automatically determined from the locale.

COLORS

       If supported by the terminal, noping will highlight the round-trip times (RTT) using the
       colors green, yellow and red. Green signals RTTs that are in the "expected" range, yellow
       marks moderately unusual times and times that differ a lot from the expected value are
       printed in red.

       The information used to categorize round-trip times is the average round-trip time and the
       standard deviation. RTTs that differ from the average by less than the standard deviation
       are considered to be "normal" and are printed in green. Times that differ from the average
       more than the standard deviation but less than twice the standard deviation are considered
       "moderately unusual" and are printed in yellow. Times differing more than twice the
       standard deviation from the average are considered to be "unusual" and are printed in red.

SEE ALSO

       ping(8), <http://www.fping.com/>, liboping(3)

AUTHOR

       liboping is written by Florian "octo" Forster <ff at octo.it>.  Its homepage can be found
       at <http://verplant.org/liboping/>.

       Copyright (c) 2005-2011 by Florian "octo" Forster.