Provided by: wcd_5.2.5-1build1_amd64 bug

NAME

       wcd - Wherever Change Directory

       chdir for DOS and Unix

SYNOPSIS

           wcd [options] [directory]

DESCRIPTION

   Overview
       Wcd is a command-line program to change directory fast. It saves time typing at the
       keyboard. One needs to type only a part of a directory name and wcd will jump to it. Wcd
       has a fast selection method in case of multiple matches and allows aliasing and banning of
       directories. Wcd also includes a full screen interactive directory tree browser with speed
       search.

       Wcd was modeled after Norton Change Directory (NCD). NCD appeared first in The Norton
       Utilities, Release 4, for DOS in 1987, published by Peter Norton.

       Wcd has been ported to different command-line shells: DOS command.com, Windows cmd.exe and
       PowerShell, OS/2 cmd.exe, and Unix shells such as Bourne (sh), Bourne Again (bash), Korn
       (ksh), Z (zsh), and C (csh) shell and others running on any operating system.

       Wcd supports 8 bit character sets on all systems, and has optional support for Unicode.
       See section LOCALIZATION.

       See section INSTALLATION how to setup wcd for personal use.

   Basic use
       By default (if no wildcards are used) wcd searches for a directory with a name that begins
       with the typed name.

       For instance this command will change to directory to the current user's
       "/home/user/Desktop":

           wcd Desk

       When there are multiple matches, wcd will present the user a list of all matches. The user
       can then make a selection with a few keystrokes (most of the times only one).

   Wildcards
       Wcd supports following wildcards:

           *       matches any sequence of characters (zero or more)
           ?       matches any character
           [SET]   matches any character in the specified set,
           [!SET]  or [^SET] matches any character not in the specified set.

       A set is composed of characters or ranges; a range looks like character hyphen character
       as in "0-9" or "A-Z". The "[0-9a-zA-Z_]" is the minimal set of characters allowed in the
       "[..]" pattern construct. International characters (i.e. 8 bit characters) are allowed if
       the system supports them. To suppress the special syntactic significance of any of
       "[]*?!^-\" inside or outside a "[..]" construct and match the character exactly, precede
       the character with a backslash ("\") marker.

       Using wildcards makes powerful searching possible. For instance this matches any directory
       name that ends with "top":

           wcd *top

       Match directories that have "top" anywhere in the name:

           wcd *top*

       Match any directory name that begins with "a", "b" or "c":

           wcd [a-c]*

       It is also possible to give a part of a directory path. Here Wcd searches for directory
       that begins with "Desk" and which path matches *me/Desk*.

           wcd me/Desk

       It is allowed to type any kind of expression with slashes and wildcards.  E.g.:

           wcd src*/*1?/a*2

   Other uses
       If no wildcards are used and wcd finds a perfect match, wcd will ignore all wild matches
       by default. This behaviour can be changed with the -w option.

       The interactive directory tree browser can be started by using option -g.

           wcd -g

       Wcd generates a treedata file where it searches the directory. On Unix and Windows systems
       wcd does add symbolic links to the treedata file while scanning the disk, but does not
       follow them. While following links wcd could end up scanning infinite loops, or scan very
       large portions of a network.

       Wcd can also change to directories that are not in the treedata file. E.g.:

           wcd ..

       If wcd found a match but can't change to the directory it tries to remove it from the
       default treedata file. Not from the extra treedata file. See also option -k.

       Wcd keeps a directory stack which is stored on disk. The stack has a default size of 10
       and is cyclic. See options -z, -, + and =.

       In multi-user environments option -u can be used to change to directories of other users.

       On DOS and Windows systems it does not matter if you use a slash "/" or a backslash "\" as
       a directory separator.

       It is possible on DOS and Windows systems to change drive and directory in one go by
       preceding the directory name with the drive name.

           wcd d:games

   Windows UNC paths
       The Windows versions (Command Prompt, PowerShell, MSYS, zsh, cygwin) support Windows SMB
       LAN UNC paths without drive letter such as "\\servername\sharename". Wcd for Windows
       Command Prompt makes use of the "pushd" command to automatically map a UNC path to a drive
       letter. In Windows PowerShell, MSYS, zsh and Cygwin UNC paths are fully supported. The
       current working directory can be a UNC path.

   Interfaces
       Wcd has three different interfaces to choose from a list of matches. The interface can be
       chosen at compile time.

       The first interface uses plain stdin/stdout. A numbered list is printed in the terminal.
       The user has to choose from the list by typing a number followed by <Enter>. This
       interface does not provide scroll back functionality in case of a long list. The scroll
       back capability of the terminal/console has to be used. It is very small and portable.

       The second interface is built with the conio library. It provides a builtin scroll back
       capability. The user is presented a list numbered with letters.  Choosing from a list can
       be done by pressing just one letter. This interface is fast because it saves keystrokes.
       If possible the screen will be restored after exiting. One who prefers to type numbers can
       use the -N option.

       The third interface is built with the curses library. It is similar to the conio
       interface. The curses version of wcd has also an additional 'graphical' interface. It lets
       the user select a directory via a full screen interactive directory tree browser. It has a
       vim(1) like navigation and search method. It can be activated with option -g.

       By using the -o option one can always fall back to the stdin/stdout interface.

OPTIONS

       -a  Add current path to the default treedata file.

           Use this option to quickly add the current path to the default treedata file. Re-
           scanning the complete disk can take a long time in some cases.

       -aa Add current and all parent paths to the default treedata file.

       -A PATH
           Scan directory tree from PATH and append to the default treedata file. Examples:

               wcd -A .
               wcd -A /home -A /etc
               wcd -A d: -A e: -A \\server\share

           On Windows one can scan all shared directories of a Windows LAN server by typing
           something like: "wcd -A \\servername".

           See also option -S and -s and -E.

       -b  Ban current path.

           Wcd places the current path in the ban file. This means that wcd ignores all matches
           of this directory and its sub directories.

           The ban file can be edited with a text editor. Use of wildcards is supported and names
           are matched against the absolute path.

           Banned paths are not excluded from scanning the disk. To do that use option -xf.

       -c, --direct-cd
           Direct CD mode. By default wcd works as follows:

               1. Try to find a match in the treedata file(s)
               2. If no match, try to open the directory you typed.

           In direct CD mode wcd works in reversed order.

               1. Try to open the directory you typed.
               2. If not, try to find a match in the treedata file(s).

       -d DRIVE
           Set drive for stack and go file (DOS only).

           The stack file and the go-script are by default stored on drive C: if environment
           variable HOME is not set. Use this option if drive C: is a read-only drive. This
           option must be used in front of the stack options -, + and =.

       -e  Add current path to the extra treedata file.

           Use this option to quickly add the current path to the extra treedata file.

       -ee Add current and all parent paths to extra treedata file.

       -E PATH
           Scan directory tree from PATH and append to Extra treedata file. See also options -A
           and -S.

       -f FILE
           Read treedata file FILE. Do not read the default treedata file.

       +f FILE
           Read treedata file FILE in addition to the default treedata file.

       -g  Graphical interface (only in version with curses interface).

           Wcd starts a textual curses based 'graphical' interface. The user can select a
           directory via a full-screen interactive directory tree browser. It has a vim(1) like
           navigation and search method.

           If no search string is given wcd presents the whole tree which is in the default
           treedata file and the extra treedata files.

           If a search string is given the match list is presented as a directory tree.

           The default tree layout is similar to the tree layout of the original NCD on DOS. The
           difference in layout is that in NCD all directories of a same depth level were
           vertically aligned over the whole tree. This was possible in NCD, because the maximum
           width of a directory name in DOS was 12 (8.3) characters. On modern operating systems
           directory names can be very long, so also the differences in length can be large.
           Therefore folders with a same depth are not vertically aligned over the whole tree in
           wcd, but only in sub-branches.  So there is some sideways movement when moving
           straight up and down from one sub-branch to another sub-branch.

           The navigation behaviour in Wcd is exactly the same as in the original NCD. For
           instance if you push the Down key you go down to the next directory with the same
           depth level, jumping over branches. This enables fast navigation through the tree.

           See options -Ta, -TC, and -Tc to change the navigation behaviour.

       -gd Dump the treedata files as a tree to stdout.

       -G PATH
           Write go-script in directory PATH. For instance on Unix, "wcd -G PATH" will write a
           go-script PATH/wcd.go.

       -GN, --no-go-script
           Do not create go-script. This option can be used in combination with the option -j if
           one does not want wcd to create a go-script.

       -h, --help
           Show help and exit.

       -i, --ignore-case
           Ignore case.  Dos and Windows versions of wcd ignore case default. Unix/Cygwin
           versions regard case by default.

       +i, --no-ignore-case
           Regard case. See also option -i.

       -I, --ignore-diacritics
           Ignore diacritics for Latin-based scripts.  Letters with diacritical marks match their
           base letter without diacritical mark. The following Latin encodings are supported:
           CP437, CP850, CP852, CP1250, CP1252, ISO-8859-1, ISO-8859-2, and Unicode Latin-1,
           Latin Extended-A, and Latin Extended-B.  See also
           <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diacritic>

       +I, --no-ignore-diacritics
           Regard diacritics (default). See also option -I.

       -j, --just-go
           Just go mode.

           In this mode wcd will not present a list when there is more than one directory that
           matches the given directory. Wcd will just change to the first option. When wcd is
           invoked again with the same arguments it will change to the next option, and so on.

           Wcd will print the directory to go to to stdout. So a different installation method
           can be used. One could make the following function for a POSIX compatible shell:

               wcd ()
               {
                   cd "$($HOME/bin/wcd.exe -j $@)"
               }

           When you are using an old shell that doesn't support "$()" command substitution you
           have to use old style command substitution with back-quotes.

               wcd ()
               {
                   cd "`$HOME/bin/wcd.exe -j $@`"
               }

           On Windows systems, if one is running 4NT shell, one could make the following alias:

               alias wcd `cd %@execstr[wcdwin32.exe -z 0 -j %1]`

           This method eliminates the need of the go-script, so one can use option -GN in
           combination with -j.

       -k, --keep-paths
           Keep paths.

           Keep paths in the treedata file when wcd can't change to them. The default behaviour
           of wcd is that it tries to remove paths from the treedata when wcd can't change to
           them. With this option this behavior is turned off.

       -K, --color
           Use colors in graphical mode.

       -l ALIAS
           Name the current path with ALIAS. Wcd places the current path with alias ALIAS in the
           alias file. Aliases are case sensitive.

       -m DIR
           Make directory and add to treedata file.

       -L, --license
           Print the distribution license.

       -M DIR
           Make directory and add to extra treedata file.

       -n PATH
           Read relative treedata file from PATH.

           Do not read the default treedata file. The relative treedata file should already have
           been created using the wcd +S option.  PATH may also point to a file directly.

           An example. Suppose another system has been mounted to mount point "/mnt/network":

               wcd -n /mnt/network src

           Wcd opens the relative treedata file in "/mnt/network/". The file contains the paths
           relative from that point.

       +n PATH
           Read relative treedata file in addition to the default treedata file. See option -n.

       -N, --numbers
           Use numbers instead of letters.

           Wcd with a conio or curses based interface (see section INTERFACE) presents a match
           list by default numbered with letters. When the -N option is used the match list is
           numbered with numbers. Regardless of the -N option one can type a letter or numbers to
           make a selection from the list of matches.

       -o  Use stdin/stdout interface.

           When for some kind of reason the conio or curses interface of wcd does not work one
           can fall back to the stdin/stdout interface of wcd by using the -o option.

       -od, --to-stdout
           Dump all matches to stdout.

       -q, --quiet
           Quieter operation. Printing of the final match is suppressed.

       -r DIR
           Remove directory and remove from the treedata file.

           If the directory is empty, wcd will remove it, and try to remove it from the treedata
           file.

       -rmtree DIR
           Recursively remove directory and remove from the treedata file.

           Wcd will remove the directory and all its sub directories and files, and remove the
           directories from the treedata file.

       -s  (re)Scan disk from $HOME directory. If HOME is not defined the disk is scanned from
           root directory /.

           The existing default treedata file is overwritten.

           The default scan directory can be overruled with environment variable "WCDSCAN". See
           section ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES.

       -S PATH
           Scan directory tree from PATH and overwrite the default treedata file.  See also
           options -A, -s and -E. E.g. with option -A you can create a default treedata file of
           your choice. Examples:

           Unix:

               wcd -S /
               wcd -S /home -A /etc -A /usr

           DOS/Windows:

               wcd -S c:/
               wcd -S c: -A d: -A \\server\share

           With the Windows versions one can scan all shared directories of a Windows LAN server
           by typing something like: "wcd -S \\servername".

       +S PATH
           Scan disk from PATH and place relative paths in a relative treedata file.  This file
           is used by the -n and +n options of wcd. E.g. "wcd -n PATH src".

       -t  Do not strip tmp mount dir "/tmp_mnt" (Unix only)

           Wcd strips by default "/tmp_mnt/" from the match. Directory "/tmp_mnt" is used by the
           auto-mounter. This behaviour can be turned off with the -t option.

       -T, --ascii-tree
           Draw tree with ASCII characters. Use this option if line drawing characters are not
           displayed properly in your terminal.

       -Ta, --alt-tree-nav
           Alternative way of navigation in the graphical tree.

           In the default NCD style tree layout the -Ta option disables jumping to unrelated
           directories.

           In compact tree mode the alternative mode makes navigation similar to navigation in
           GUI file managers such as Windows Explorer or Linux KDE Konqueror. Pressing Up and
           Down moves the selected folder one line up or down. Pressing Left first folds the sub-
           folders and the next move left moves really left.

           You can switch on-the-fly between default and alternative navigation by pressing
           <Shift-A>.

           When alternative navigation mode is on, you will see an "A" in the lower right corner.

       -TC, --center-tree
           Centered view in the graphical tree. The selected directory stays in the middle of the
           screen. The centered mode can also be switched on and off with key <t> in the
           graphical tree.

           The standard non-centered behaviour, which minimises tree movement, is the same as in
           the original NCD.

       -Tc, --compact-tree
           By default the 'graphical' tree is drawn the same way as the original NCD on DOS did
           it. On DOS a directory path could only be 66 characters in total. With the deep
           directory structures of today the tree can become very wide. To overcome this wcd can
           draw the tree in a compact way, similar to most GUI file managers, with only one
           folder per line. Use option -Tc or switch on-the-fly with the <m> key.

       -Td, --cjk-width
           Legacy East-Asian CJK (Chinese, Japanese, and Korean) fonts have certain characters
           and line drawing symbols with a column width of 2, while the normal Unicode width for
           these characters is 1 column. For instance the Chinese CP936 raster font on Windows
           and the Simsun font. Use this option for a correct outlining of the graphical tree
           when a legacy CJK font is used.

           When CJK mode is on, you will see a "C" in the lower right corner.

       -u USER
           Scan treedata file of another user based on USER, do not scan your own default
           treedata file. See also section ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES for WCDUSERSHOME.

           On Unix/Cygwin the base directory for user home directories is assumed to be "/home".
           Wcd will look for "/home/USER/.treedata.wcd" and "/home/USER/.wcd/.treedata.wcd", in
           that order, and read the first one that exists and is readable.  On DOS/Windows the
           base directory for user home directories is assumed to be "\\users", so wcd tries to
           read "\\users\USER\treedata.wcd" and "\\users\USER\.wcd\treedata.wcd".

       +u USER
           Read default treedata file of USER in addition to your own treedata file.

       -v, --verbose
           Display verbose messages. With this option wcd prints all filters, bans and excludes.

       -V, --version
           Print version information and exit.

       -w, --wild-match-only
           Wild matching only. Treat all matches as wild matches.

       -x PATH
           Exclude PATH from scanning.

           When this option is used wcd will exclude PATH and all its subdirectories when wcd is
           scanning a disk. Wildcards are supported and matched against absolute paths. Option -x
           can be used multiple times.

               wcd -x <path1> -x <path2> -s

           Option -x must be used in front of any scan option (-s, -S, +S, -A, -E).

           On DOS/Windows systems one must specify the drive letter depending on if environment
           variable HOME or WCDHOME is set. If HOME or WCDHOME is set one needs to specify the
           drive letter. An example:

               wcd -x c:/temp -S c:

           Otherwise do not specify drive letter.

               wcd -x /temp -s

       -xf FILE
           Exclude all paths listed in FILE from scanning.

           When this option is used wcd will exclude all paths listed in FILE and all their
           subdirectories when wcd is scanning a disk. Wildcards are supported and they are
           matched against absolute paths; one path per line. Be aware that wcd will not ignore
           leading or trailing blanks on a line, because they are legal characters in a directory
           name. Option -xf can be used multiple times. When one wants to exclude all banned
           paths from scanning one can do the following (example for wcd on unix):

               wcd -xf ~/.ban.wcd -s

           Wildcards are supported. For instance to exclude all your Subversion directories with
           administrative files add a line with "*/.svn".

           Option -xf must be used in front of any scan option (-s, -S, +S, -A, -E).

       -y, --assume-yes
           Assume Yes on all queries.

           Wcd will not prompt the user with yes/no questions, but assumes the user answers yes
           on all questions. This can be used in combination with option -rmtree. This option
           must be used in front of options that can lead to yes/no questions.

       -z NUMBER
           Set maximum stack size to NUMBER.

           The default size of the stack is 10. Stack operation can be turned off by setting the
           size to 0. This option must be used in front of any other stack operations (-,+,=).
           Otherwise the size of the stack will be set back to the default 10.

           A correct command is:

               wcd -z 50 -

           The new stack size will be 50, wcd will go one directory back. A wrong command is:

               wcd - -z 50

           Wcd goes one directory back, the stack gets the default size 10. The -z 50 is ignored.

           Add this option as the first option to your wcd alias or function. E.g.  for the a
           POSIX compatible shell this would be:

               wcd ()
               {
                   wcd.exe -z 50 "$@"
                   . ${WCDHOME:-${HOME}}/bin/wcd.go
               }

       -[NUMBER]
           Push dir NUMBER of times. Default is one.

           Go back a directory. Command "wcd -" goes one directory back. To go more directories
           back add a number to it. E.g. command "wcd -3". The stack is cyclic.

       +[NUMBER]
           Pop dir NUMBER of times. Default is one.

           Go forward a directory. Command "wcd +" goes one directory forward. To go more
           directories forward add a number to it. E.g. command "wcd +2". The stack is cyclic.

       =   Show stack.

           Use this option if you do not know anymore how many times to push or pop.  The stack
           is printed and you can choose a number. The current place in the stack is marked with
           an asterisk "*".

INSTALLATION

       The current working directory of a Unix shell can only be changed by the builtin cd(1)
       command. Therefore the program is always called by a function or an alias. The function or
       alias sources a shell script (go-script) which is generated by the wcd program. Wcd can
       only work after the function or alias is defined.

       Another important influence on your installation is the definition of environment
       variables HOME and WCDHOME. See section ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES.

   Install for POSIX type shells
       For a POSIX shell (ksh, bash, zsh, etc.) on Unix, Linux, Cygwin, or native MSYS add the
       following function to the shell startup file (e.g. Bash uses "$HOME/.bashrc"):

           wcd ()
           {
               <PATH>/wcd.exe "$@"
               . ${WCDHOME:-${HOME}}/bin/wcd.go
           }

       Replace PATH with the location where the wcd executable has been installed. Reload the
       shell initialization files or start new shell.

       The location of the go-script "wcd.go" differs per shell.

       Wcd for DJGPP DOS bash requires a different function. The go script is not written in a
       directory "bin", and if WCDHOME and HOME are both not defined the go-script is written on
       c:/.

           wcd ()
           {
               <PATH>/wcd.exe "$@"
               . ${WCDHOME:-${HOME:-"c:"}}/wcd.go
           }

       The WinZsh version of wcd is also a bit different. No "bin" directory.

           wcd ()
           {
               <PATH>/wcd.exe "$@"
               . ${WCDHOME:-${HOME}}/wcd.go
           }

       See section FILES for more information.

   Install for C-alike shells (csh, tcsh)
       Add the following alias to the shell startup file "$HOME/.cshrc" or "$HOME/.tcshrc" :

           if ( ${?WCDHOME} ) then
               alias wcd "<PATH>/wcd.exe \!* ; source $WCDHOME/bin/wcd.go"
           else
               alias wcd "<PATH>/wcd.exe \!* ; source $HOME/bin/wcd.go"
           endif

       Replace PATH with the location where the wcd executable has been installed.  Reload the
       shell initialization files or start a new shell.

   Windows Command Prompt version
       Unpack the zip file and add directory "bin" to your environment variable PATH.

       In Windows Command Prompt a Windows program cannot change the current work directory, but
       a .bat file can. The batch scrip "wcd.bat" runs the wcd program which generates a new
       batch script "wcdgo.bat". Then "wcd.bat" runs "wcdgo.bat" which actually changes the
       directory.

   Windows VISTA and higher
       In a Windows VISTA and higher Command Prompt you may have limited access to directories.
       To get access to more directories you need administrator rights. You can get a Command
       Prompt with administrator rights if you right click on the Command Prompt icon and select
       Run as administrator.

   Windows PowerShell version
       Add the following function to your PowerShell user profile. The location of this profile
       is stored in the $profile variable. It is required that one of the environment variables
       HOME or WCDHOME is defined.

           function wcd
           {
               <PATH>\wcdwin32psh.exe $args
               & $env:HOME\wcdgo.ps1
           }

       Replace PATH with the location where the wcd executable has been installed.  Start a new
       PowerShell. Wcd for PowerShell supports only the file system provider. No other providers.

   OS/2 Command Prompt version
       In an OS/2 Command Prompt (cmd.exe) an OS/2-program can't change the current work
       directory. That is why wcd generates a command script "wcdgo.cmd" which must be executed
       in the current shell. The script "wcd.cmd" first executes "wcdos2.exe", which creates the
       "wcdgo.cmd" script. Then "wcd.cmd" executes the "wcdgo.cmd" script.

LOCALIZATION

       LANG
           The primary language is selected with the environment variable LANG. The LANG variable
           consists out of several parts. The first part is in small letters the language code.
           The second one is optional and is the country code in capital letters, preceded with
           an underscore. There is also an optional third part: character encoding, preceded with
           a dot. A few examples for POSIX standard type shells:

               export LANG=nl               Dutch
               export LANG=nl_NL            Dutch, The Netherlands
               export LANG=nl_BE            Dutch, Belgium
               export LANG=es_ES            Spanish, Spain
               export LANG=es_MX            Spanish, Mexico
               export LANG=en_US.iso88591   English, USA, Latin-1 encoding

           For a complete list of language and country codes see the gettext(1) manual:
           <http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/gettext.html#Language-Codes> On Unix
           systems you can use to command locale(1) to get locale specific information.

       LANGUAGE
           With the LANGUAGE environment variable you can specify a priority list of languages,
           separated by colons. Wcd gives preference to LANGUAGE over LANG. For instance, first
           Dutch and then German: "LANGUAGE=nl:de". You have to first enable localization, by
           setting LANG or LC_ALL to a value other than C, before you can use a language priority
           list through the LANGUAGE variable. See also the gettext(1) manual:
           <http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/gettext.html#The-LANGUAGE-variable>

           If you select a language which is not available you will get the standard English
           messages.

       WCDLOCALEDIR
           With the environment variable WCDLOCALEDIR the LOCALEDIR used during compilation and
           installation of wcd can be overruled. LOCALEDIR is used by wcd with native language
           support to find the language files. The GNU default value is
           "/usr/local/share/locale". By typing "wcd -V" wcd will print the LOCALEDIR that is
           used.

           If you have installed wcd in a different directory than the default directory you may
           need to set the environment variable WCDLOCALEDIR to point to the locale directory.

           An example for Windows cmd:

               set WCDLOCALEDIR=c:/my_prefix/share/locale

           An example for a POSIX shell:

               export WCDLOCALEDIR=$HOME/share/locale

       LC_COLLATE
           When there are multiple directory matches wcd presents a sorted list. The sorting
           depends on the locale settings. If the environment LANG has been set the matches are
           sorted like dictionaries or phone books are sorted in that language. For instance dots
           and dashes are ignored, or letters e with and without accent are equal, or upper and
           lower case is ignored.

           The sorting gives preference to environment variable LC_COLLATE over LANG. If you make
           LC_COLLATE equal to "C" or "POSIX", locale sorting is turned off. For instance if you
           want Dutch language, but not Dutch sorting, you can do something like this:

               export LANG=nl_NL
               export LC_COLLATE=C

       LC_CTYPE
           With regard to character encoding Wcd will give preference to variable LC_CTYPE over
           LANG. For instance to set character encoding to UTF-8 the following environment
           setting can be done.

               export LC_CTYPE=en_US.UTF-8

       LC_ALL
           All locale environment variables that start with LC_ are overruled by the environment
           variable LC_ALL if it is defined. Wcd gives preference to LC_ALL over LC_COLLATE and
           LC_CTYPE.

   WINDOWS CODE PAGES
       There are two groups of code pages: DOS code pages (OEM) and Windows code pages (ANSI).
       The default encoding for Windows, when configured with Western regional settings, is ANSI
       CP1252. Windows programs, for instance notepad, use this default system ANSI code page.
       The Windows console uses by default an OEM code page (CP437 or CP850) for compatibility
       with DOS programs. If you use a DOS version of wcd in a Windows console it will work,
       because of the DOS code page.  But the DOS version of wcd lacks support for long directory
       names and network drives on Windows.

       The Windows version of wcd is a native Windows program and will use the Windows system
       ANSI code page. So on a Western regional Windows it will use code page CP1252 for
       directory names and messages. In order to get consistent output, independent of the active
       code page, all Windows versions of Wcd translate ANSI output to Unicode output in the
       Command Prompt and PowerShell.

       The console raster font only supports the original OEM code page installed with Windows,
       so you have to change the console's font to true type Lucida Console to make Unicode (and
       ANSI) letters appear correctly.

       Non-Unicode versions of Wcd prior to version 5.2.0 use plain ANSI output.  For these older
       versions the code page of the console has to be made equal to the system code page
       (changed to 1252) to make wcd for Windows work properly with special characters such as
       accented characters or the Euro symbol.

       The Windows system code page can be changed via the Control Panel regional options. The
       Windows console code page is changed with the "chcp" command.

       When you type "wcd -V", the actual character encoding used by wcd is shown. Type the
       command "chcp" to display the active code page of the Windows console.

   UNICODE
       Wcd has optional support for Unicode. To see if wcd was built with Unicode support type
       "wcd -V". If your terminal/console and font supports it, you should see the Euro symbol
       and Chinese characters (meaning: "Chinese").

       Wcd has been soft converted to Unicode. In its core wcd handles all data as a stream of
       bytes. Only the lines printed to screen are on the fly converted to Unicode wide
       characters. Wcd fully relies on libc functions and has no UTF-8 specific code. See also
       <http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html>

       Wcd has optional support for Unicode matching with normalisation. To find out whether Wcd
       has normalisation support type "wcd -V".  Wcd with Unicode normalization support will
       match Unicode names based on compatible equivalence. Without Unicode normalization
       support, names are matched when they are binary equivalent.  See also
       <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unicode_normalization>

       UTF-8 on Unix/Linux

       In order to view UTF-8 characters your console/terminal also needs to support UTF-8. The
       xterm version that comes with XFree86 4.0 or higher includes UTF-8 support. To activate
       it, start xterm(1) in a UTF-8 locale and use a font with iso10646-1 encoding, for instance
       with

           LC_CTYPE=en_GB.UTF-8 xterm -u8 -fn '-Misc-Fixed-Medium-R-SemiCondensed--13-120-75-75-C-60-ISO10646-1'

       Modern distributions of GNU/Linux support UTF-8 by default. Other multi-byte character
       encodings should also work, but that has not been tested.

       Wcd assumes that the treedata files are encoded in the locale character encoding. There
       are no Byte Order Marks written to treedata files.

       UTF-16 on Windows

       On Windows Unicode is supported in all versions of PowerShell, and in Windows Command
       Prompt on Windows 7 (or higher). Unicode also works in Take Command or TCC/LE made by JP
       Software, which can be used on older Windows versions (XP/Vista).

       On Windows all the directory names on disk are encoded in UTF-16 Unicode.  For non-Unicode
       Windows programs the Unicode characters are translated to the default ANSI code page. For
       characters that are not part of the regional setting this translation is not possible and
       non-Unicode programs print a question mark or a wrong character instead.

       Wcd with Unicode support will read the UTF-16 encoded directory names and converts them
       internally to UTF-8. All treedata files are encoded in UTF-8 and not compatible with the
       non-Unicode version of Wcd. Wcd will create a go-script encoded in UTF-8.

       All versions of Windows PowerShell are able to run scripts encoded in UTF-8, provided
       there is an UTF-8 BOM in the script.

       Since Windows 7 it is possible in Windows Command Prompt to change directory with a batch
       script to a directory with Unicode letters in the name. The directory name needs to be
       encoded in UTF-8, and the batch script must not have a BOM. The active code page of the
       Command Prompt needs to be set to 65001 (UTF-8) prior to the cd command. Wcd for Command
       Prompt will create such a go script "wcdgo.bat". It first changes the code page to 65001,
       then changes directory, and finally sets the code page back to the original code page.

       You need to set the font to True Type Lucida Console (not raster font) when letters don't
       appear correctly.

       The non-Unicode Windows version of Wcd can read Unicode treedata files since version
       5.2.0, provided there is a Byte Order Mark (BOM) in the file (see
       <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byte_order_mark>), but it can't change to directories with
       Unicode letters in the name that are not part of the default system ANSI code page. The
       Unicode Windows version of wcd writes a BOM in the UTF-8 encoded treedata files since
       version 5.2.0, which makes them also readable by notepad.

       UTF-8 on Cygwin

       Cygwin supports Unicode since version 1.7. The Cygwin layer takes care that the Windows
       UTF-16 Unicode names are converted to UTF-8. So programs, like wcd, do not need to be
       aware of this and can operate using UTF-8 encoding as on Unix/Linux. Set character
       encoding to UTF-8 with the LANG or LC_CTYPE environment variable. You may need to rescan
       your drives. You need to set the font to True Type Lucida Console (not raster font) if you
       use the default Cygwin console.

       The Cygwin version behaves exactly as the Unix version of wcd.  There is no BOM written in
       the treedata files, and it is assumed they are encoded in the Cygwin locale character
       encoding.

FILES

       If the environment variable WCDHOME is set wcd will use WCDHOME instead of HOME. All
       "*.wcd" files are text files. They can be edited with a text editor.  The Windows Command
       Prompt version of wcd behaves as the DOS version. The Cygwin version of wcd behaves as the
       Unix version.

       wcd.exe
           The program. In Unix shells the program is always called by a function or alias,
           because the current working directory of a Unix shell can only be changed by the
           builtin cd command. See also section INSTALLATION.

       default treedata file
           This is the default treedata file where wcd searches for matches. If it is not
           readable wcd will create a new one.

               DOS: \treedata.wcd or %HOME%\treedata.wcd
               Unix: $HOME/.treedata.wcd

       extra treedata file
           An optional extra treedata file. If it exists and is readable wcd will try to find
           matches in this file also.

               DOS: \extra.wcd or %HOME%\extra.wcd
               Unix: $HOME/.extra.wcd

       ban file
           In this optional file wcd places banned paths. See option -b. Wildcards are supported.

               DOS: \ban.wcd or %HOME%\ban.wcd
               Unix: $HOME/.ban.wcd

       alias file
           Optional file with wcd aliases. See option -l.

               DOS: \alias.wcd or %HOME%\alias.wcd
               Unix: $HOME/.alias.wcd

       stack file
           In this file wcd stores its stack. The drive letter can be changed with the -d option.

               DOS: c:\stack.wcd or %HOME%\stack.wcd
               Unix: $HOME/.stack.wcd

           The name of the stack file can be changed with environment variable WCDSTACKFILE.  See
           section ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES.

       go-script
           This is the shell script which wcd.exe creates each time. It is sourced via a function
           or an alias. The drive letter can be changed with the -d option.  For history reasons
           it is placed by default in "$HOME/bin" on Unix systems. The directory of this file can
           be changed with the option -G.

               DOS bash: c:/wcd.go or $HOME/wcd.go
               Windows Command Prompt: c:\wcdgo.bat or %HOME%\wcdgo.bat
               Windows PowerShell: $env:HOME\wcdgo.ps1
               WinZsh: $HOME/wcd.go
               Cygwin/MSYS: $HOME/bin/wcd.go
               OS/2 Command Prompt: c:\wcdgo.cmd or %HOME%\wcdgo.cmd
               Unix: $HOME/bin/wcd.go

       relative treedata file
           Text file with relative paths from DIR. See options +S, -n and +n.

               DOS: <path>\rtdata.wcd
               Unix: <path>/.rtdata.wcd

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES

       HOME
           Wcd uses by default environment variable HOME to determine where to store its files.
           See also section FILES. This can be overruled with environment variable WCDHOME.

           HOME also defines where to start scanning the disk when option -s is used. This can be
           overruled with the environment variable WCDSCAN.

           For the Unix, Cygwin, Windows PowerShell, WinZsh and MSYS version it is required that
           HOME or WCDHOME is set. For the other versions of wcd the use of these variables is
           optional.

           If HOME is set on DOS/Windows, wcd will place all its files (treedata.wcd, extra.wcd,
           alias.wcd, ban.wcd, wcd.go) in directory HOME. The behaviour of wcd is then equal to
           the Unix version of wcd. Wcd will scan the disk default from HOME. Drives will not be
           automatically scanned by changing to them. You need to tell wcd explicitly. E.g.:

               wcd -S c: -A d: -A e:

           Matching of directories is now global over all scanned drives.

       WCDHOME
           Environment variable WCDHOME can be used to change the location of wcd's files. If
           both HOME and WCDHOME are set, WCDHOME will be used instead of HOME.

           In wcd versions prior to 5.1.5 WCDHOME also changed the default scan directory.  This
           has changed. Since version 5.1.5 WCDHOME does not change the default scan directory.
           See option -s. From version 5.1.5, use environment WCDSCAN to overrule the default
           scan directory.

           Example for DOS, Windows, OS/2 Command Prompt:

               set WCDHOME=C:\Users\erwin\wcd

           An example for POSIX type shells:

               export WCDHOME="$HOME/.wcd"

           An example for Csh type shells:

               setenv WCDHOME "$HOME/.wcd"

       WCDSCAN
           Use environment variable WCDSCAN to overrule the default scan directory HOME. Define a
           colon separated list (Unix) to define more than one directory.  On DOS/Windows make
           the list semi-colon separated.

           Examples for DOS, Windows, OS/2 Command Prompt:

               set WCDSCAN=C:\Users\erwin;D:\data

               set WCDSCAN=%HOMEDRIVE%%HOMEPATH%;\\projectdrive\projectX

           An example for POSIX type shells:

               export WCDSCAN="$HOME:/projectdisk/projectX"

           An example for Csh type shells:

               setenv WCDSCAN "$HOME:/projectdisk/projectX"

       WCDFILTER
           Specify filters with environment variable WCDFILTER. All directories that do not match
           the filter(s) are ignored. A list can be specified by separating filters by the shell
           path separator. Similar as specifying the PATH variable.  The case sensitivity is
           mandated by the Operating system.

           An example for DOS, Windows, OS/2 Command Prompt:

               set WCDFILTER=projects;doc

           An example for POSIX type shells:

               export WCDFILTER="projects:doc"

           An example for Csh type shells:

               setenv WCDFILTER "projects:doc"

       WCDBAN
           The paths specified with environment WCDBAN will be banned by wcd.  See also option
           -b. Specify a list of paths separated by shell PATH separator.

       WCDEXCLUDE
           The paths specified with environment WCDEXCLUDE will be excluded by wcd. See also
           options -x and -xf. Specify a list of paths separated by shell PATH separator.

           An example for DOS, Windows, OS/2 Command Prompt:

               set WCDEXCLUDE=*/windows;*/temp;*CVS

           An example for POSIX type shells:

               export WCDEXCLUDE="/dev:/tmp:*CVS"

           An example for Csh type shells:

               setenv WCDEXCLUDE "/dev:/tmp:*CVS"

       WCDUSERSHOME
           Set the base of user's home directories.  On DOS/Windows the default value is
           "\\users".  On Unix/Cygwin the default value is "/home".  This variable is used to
           scan treedata files of other users. See also options -u and +u. In verbose mode wcd
           will print all filters, bans and excludes. See option -v.

       WCDSTACKFILE
           Wcd gives preference to WCDSTACKFILE over the default stack file name (see section
           FILES). With this variable each shell (or used terminal emulator) can have its private
           stack of used directories.

           To use a unique time based YYYYMMDD-HHMMSS file for each opened interactive shell.

               export WCDSTACKFILE=$HOME/.wcd/stack.$(date +%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)

           For a stack per xterm(1), use the xterm WINDOWID environment variable:

               export WCDSTACKFILE=$HOME/.wcd/stack.$WINDOWID

           For GNU screen(1), to use stack per screen:

               export WCDSTACKFILE=$HOME/.wcd/stack.$WINDOW

       TERMINFO
           If the environment variable TERMINFO is defined, wcd with ncurses interface checks for
           a local terminal definition before checking in the standard place. This is useful if
           terminal definitions are not on a standard place. Often used standard places are
           "/usr/lib/terminfo" and "/usr/share/terminfo".

       PDC_RESTORE_SCREEN
           Wcd with PDCurses interface recognizes the environment variable PDC_RESTORE_SCREEN. If
           this environment variable is set, PDCurses will take a copy of the contents of the
           screen at the time that wcd is started; when wcd exits, the screen will be restored.
           An example for Windows Command Prompt:

               set PDC_RESTORE_SCREEN=1

           Windows allows only a small buffer to be saved. So it is not always possible to
           restore everything. Some garbage data may be printed in the console after wcd exists
           if you have set a large buffer width.

       SHELL
           Printing of "#!$SHELL" on the first line of the go-script for POSIX type shell or C
           shell is needed for 8 bit characters. Some shells otherwise think that the go-script
           is a binary file and will not source it. In Cygwin Bash the variable SHELL must be set
           in environment using the "export" command, otherwise wcd can't read the variable.

       BASH
           Wcd for DOS bash uses $BASH instead of $SHELL, because $SHELL points to the DOS
           command shell. One may need to define $BASH with an "export" command, otherwise wcd
           can't read the variable.

SEE ALSO

       sh(1), bash(1), csh(1), ksh(1), zsh(1), locale(1), ncurses(1),

AUTHORS

       Wcd was written by Erwin Waterlander <waterlan@xs4all.nl>

       Project homepage: <http://waterlan.home.xs4all.nl/>

       SourceForge: <http://sourceforge.net/projects/wcd/>

       Freecode: <http://freecode.com/projects/wcd/>

       The manual page formatting was provided by Jari Aalto <jari.aalto@cante.net>.

       NCD was originally written by Brad Kingsbury for Peter Norton's "Norton Utilities" around
       1987. See also <http://www.softpanorama.org/OFM/norton_change_directory_clones.shtml>