Provided by: wordnet-gui_3.0-33_amd64 bug

NAME

       wnb - WordNet window-based browser interface

SYNOPSIS

       wnb

DESCRIPTION

       wnb()  provides  a  window-based  interface  for  browsing  the WordNet database, allowing
       synsets and relations to be displayed as formatted text.  For each search word,  different
       searches  are  available  based  on  syntactic  category  and information available in the
       database.

       wnb is written in Tcl/Tk, which is available for Unix and Windows platforms.  This  allows
       the same code to work on all supported WordNet platforms without modification.

WNB WINDOWS

       wnb()  was  developed  with  the  philosophy that only those searches and buttons that are
       applicable at the current time  are  displayed.   As  a  result,  the  appearance  of  the
       interface  changes  as  it  is used.  Use the standard windowing system mouse functions to
       open and close the WordNet Browser Window, move the window, and change its size.

       The WordNet Browser Window contains the following areas, from top to bottom:

       Menubar             A menubar runs along the top of the browser window with pulldown menus
                           and button entitled File, History, Options, and Help.

       Search Word Entry   Below  the  Menubar  is a line for entering the search word.  A search
                           word can be a single word, hyphenated string, or a collocation.   Case
                           is  ignored.   Although  only  uninflected  forms of words are usually
                           stored in WordNet, users may search for  inflected  forms.   WordNet's
                           morphological processor finds the base form automatically.

       Search Selection    Below  the  Search Word Entry line is an area for selecting the search
                           type and senses to search.  Until a search word is entered  this  area
                           is   blank.    After   a   search  word  is  entered,  buttons  appear
                           corresponding to  each  syntactic  category  (Noun,  Verb,  Adjective,
                           Adverb) in which the search string is defined in WordNet.

                           At  the  right edge of the Search Selection line is a box for entering
                           sense numbers.  When this box is empty, search results for all  senses
                           of  the  search  word  that  match the search type are displayed.  The
                           search may be restricted to one or more specific senses by entering  a
                           comma  or  space  separated  list  of sense numbers in the Senses box.
                           These sense numbers remain in effect until either the user changes  or
                           deletes them, or a new search word is entered.

       Results Window      Most  of  the  browser  window  consists  of  a  large text buffer for
                           displaying the results of WordNet searches.  Horizontal  and  vertical
                           scroll bars are present for scrolling through the output.

       Status Line         A  status  line  is  at the bottom of the browser window.  When search
                           results are displayed in the Results Window, this status line reflects
                           the  type  of  search selected.  When there is no search word entered,
                           your are prompted to "Enter search word and  press  return."   If  the
                           search  word entered is not in WordNet, the message "Sorry, no matches
                           found." is displayed.

SEARCHING THE DATABASE

       The WordNet browser navigates through WordNet in  two  steps.   First  a  search  word  is
       entered  and  an  overview  of  all  the senses of the word in all syntactic categories is
       displayed in the Results Window.  The senses are grouped by syntactic category,  and  each
       synset  is annotated as described above with synset_offset, lex_filename, and sense_number
       as dictated by the advanced search options set.  The overview search  also  indicates  how
       many  of  the senses in each syntactic category are represented in the tagged texts.  This
       is a way for the user to determine whether a sense's sense number  is  based  on  semantic
       tagging  data,  or  was  arbitrarily  assigned.   For each sense that has appeared in such
       texts, the number of semantic tags to that sense are indicated in  parentheses  after  the
       sense number.

       Then,  within  a syntactic category, a specific search is selected.  The desired search is
       performed and the search results are displayed in the Results Window.  Additional searches
       on the same word can be performed, or a new search word can be entered.

       To  enter a search word, click the mouse in the horizontal box labeled Search Word, type a
       single word, hyphenated string, or collocation and press RETURN.

       wnb() responds by making a set of Part of Speech buttons appear in  the  Search  Selection
       line.   Each  button  corresponds  to  a  syntactic category in which the search string is
       defined in WordNet.  At the same time, an Overview of the synsets for all  senses  of  the
       search  word is displayed in the Results Window.  The Overview includes the gloss for each
       synset and also indicates which of the senses have appeared  in  the  semantically  tagged
       texts.   For  each  sense  that has appeared in such texts, the number of semantic tags to
       that sense are indicated in parentheses after the sense number.

       The pulldown menus in the Search Selection line list all of the WordNet searches that  can
       be performed for the search word in that part of speech.  To select a search, highlight it
       by dragging the mouse to it, and release the mouse while  it  is  highlighted.   Drag  the
       mouse  outside  of  the  pulldown  list  and  release  to  hide  the menu without making a
       selection.  Dragging the mouse across the Part of Speech buttons  displays  the  available
       searches for each syntactic category.

       To  restrict  a search to one or more senses within a syntactic category, enter a comma or
       space separated list of sense numbers in the Senses box before selecting a search.

       After a search is selected, wnb() performs the search on the WordNet database and displays
       the  formatted  results  in  the Results Window.  Whenever search results are displayed, a
       button entitled Redisplay Overview is present at the right edge of the Search  Word  Entry
       line.   Clicking on this button redisplays the Overview of all synsets for the search word
       in the Results Window.

   Changing the Search Word
       A new search word can be entered at any time by moving to the Search Word  Entry  box,  if
       necessary  highlighting  it  by  clicking,  erasing  the  old string, typing a new one and
       pressing RETURN.  The Senses box is cleared if  necessary,  the  Part  of  Speech  buttons
       applicable  to  the  new  search  word appear, and the Overview for the new search word is
       displayed.

       The middle mouse button can also be used to select a new search word by placing the  mouse
       over any word in the Results Window and clicking.  The selected word will replace the text
       in the Search Word Entry box, and  the  overview  for  that  word  will  automatically  be
       displayed.

       To  select  a new search string collocation from text in the Results Window, highlight the
       text with the mouse and press CONTROL-S.

   Interrupting a Search
       When a search is  in  progress  the  message  "Searching...(press  escape  to  abort)"  is
       displayed  in  the  Status  Line.   Note  that  most searches return very quickly, so this
       message isn't noticeable.  As indicated,  pressing  the  ESCAPE  key  will  interrupt  the
       search.  The results of the search obtained before the time the search was interrupted are
       displayed in the Results Window.

MENUS

   File Menu
              Find keywords by substring
                     Display a popup window for specifying a  search  of  WordNet  for  words  or
                     collocations  that  contain  a  specific  substring.   If  a  search word is
                     currently entered in the Search Word box, it is used  as  the  substring  to
                     search  for  by  default.   The  Substring  Search Window contains a box for
                     entering a substring, a pulldown menu to its right for specifying  the  part
                     of  speech  to  search,  a large area for displaying the search results, and
                     action buttons at the bottom entitled Search, Save, Print Dismiss.

                     Once a substring is entered and a part of speech selected, clicking  on  the
                     Search  button  causes a search to be done for all words and collocations in
                     WordNet, in that syntactic category, that contain the substring according to
                     the following criteria:

                     1.  The  substring  can appear at the beginning or end of a word, hyphenated
                     string o collocation.

                     2. The substring can  appear  in  the  middle  of  a  hyphenated  string  or
                     collocation, but only delimited on both sides by spaces or hyphens.

                     The  search  results are displayed in the large buffer.  Clicking on an item
                     from the search results list causes wnb() to automatically enter  that  word
                     in  the  Search  Word  box  of  the  WordNet  Browser Window and perform the
                     Overview search.

                     Clicking the Save button generates a popup dialog for specifying a  filename
                     to  save  the  substring  search  results  to.   Clicking  the  Print button
                     generates a popup dialog in which a print command can be specified.

                     Selecting Dismiss closes the Substring Search Window.

              Save current display
                     Display a popup dialog for specifying a filename to save the current Results
                     Window contents to.

              Print current display
                     Display  a  popup  dialog  in  which to specify a print command to which the
                     current Results Window contents can be piped. Note - this  option  does  not
                     exist in the Windows version.

              Clear current display
                     Clear the Search Word and Senses boxes, and Results Window.

              Exit   Does what you would expect.

   History
       This pulldown menu contains a list of the last searches performed.  Selecting an item from
       this list performs that search again.  The maximum number of searches stored in  the  list
       can be adjusted from the Options menu.  The default is 10.

   Options
              Show help with each search
                     When  this  checkbox  is  selected  search  results  are  preceded  by  some
                     explanatory text about the type of search selected. This is off by default.

              Show descriptive gloss
                     When this checkbox is selected, synset glosses are displayed in  all  search
                     results.  This is set by default.  Note that glosses are always displayed in
                     the Overview.

              Wrap Lines
                     When this checkbox is selected, lines in the Results Window that  are  wider
                     than  the window are automatically wrapped.  This is set by default.  If not
                     selected, a horizontal scroll bar is present if any lines  are  longer  than
                     the width of the window.

              Set advanced search options...
                     Selecting this item displays a popup window for setting the following search
                     options:  Lexical file information; Synset location in database file;  Sense
                     number.  Choices for each are:

                          Don't show (default)
                          Show with searches
                          Show with searches and overview

                     When  lexical  file information is shown, the name of the lexicographer file
                     is printed before each synset, enclosed in angle brackets (<  ...  >).  When
                     both lexical file information and synset location information are displayed,
                     the synset location information appears first.  If within one  lexicographer
                     file more than one sense of a word is entered, an integer lex_id is appended
                     onto all but one of the word's instances to uniquely identify it.   In  each
                     synset,  each word having a non-zero lex_id is printed with the lex_id value
                     printed immediately following the word.  If both  lexicographer  information
                     and sense numbers are displayed, lex_ids, if present, precede sense numbers.

                     When synset location is shown, the byte offset of the synset in the database
                     "data" file corresponding to the syntactic category of the synset is printed
                     before each synset, enclosed in curly braces ({  ...  }).  When both lexical
                     file information and synset location information are displayed,  the  synset
                     location information appears first.

                     When  sense  numbers are shown, the sense number of each word in each synset
                     is printed immediately after the word, and is preceded by a number sign (#).

              Set maximum history length...
                     Display a popup dialog in which the maximum number of previous  searches  to
                     be kept on the History list can be set.

              Set font...
                     Display  a popup window for setting the font (typeface) and font size to use
                     for the Results Window.  Choices for typeface are: Courier,  Helvetica,  and
                     Times (default).  Font size can be small, medium (default), or large.

              Save current options as default
                     Save  the  currently  set  options.  Next time the browser is started, these
                     options will be used as the user defaults.

   Help
              Help on using the WordNet browser
                     Display this manual page.

              Help on WordNet terminology
                     Display the wngloss(7WN) manual page.

              Display the WordNet license
                     Display the WordNet copyright notice and license agreement.

              About the WordNet browser
                     Information about this application.

SHORCUTS

       Clicking on any word in the Results Window  while  holding  down  the  SHIFT  key  on  the
       keyboard  causes the browser to replace Search Word with the word and display its Overview
       and available searches.  Clicking on any word in the Results Window with the middle  mouse
       button does the same thing.

       Pressing  the  CONTROL-S  keys  causes  the  browser  to  do  as above on the text that is
       currently highlighted.  Under Unix, this will work even if  the  highlighted  text  is  in
       another  window.  This works on hyphenated strings and collocations, as well as individual
       words.

       Pressing the CONTROL-G keys displays the Substring Search Window.

SEARCH RESULTS

       The results of a search of the WordNet database  are  displayed  in  the  Results  Window.
       Horizontal and vertical scroll bars are present for scrolling through the search results.

       All  searches  other  than the Overview list all senses matching the search results in the
       following general format.  Items enclosed in italicized square brackets ([ ... ]) may  not
       be present.

       If a search cannot be performed on some senses of searchstr, the search results are headed
       by a string of the form:
            X of Y senses of searchstr

              One line listing the number of senses matching the search selected.

              Each sense matching the search selected displayed as follows:

                   Sense n
                   [{synset_offset}] [<lex_filename>]  word1[#sense_number][,  word2...]

              Where n is the sense number of the search word, synset_offset is the byte offset of
              the   synset  in  the  data.pos  file  corresponding  to  the  syntactic  category,
              lex_filename is the name of the lexicographer file  that  the  synset  comes  from,
              word1 is the first word in the synset (note that this is not necessarily the search
              word) and sense_number is the WordNet sense number assigned to the preceding  word.
              synset_offset,  lex_filename,  and  sense_number  are  generated if the appropriate
              Options are specified.

              The synsets matching the search selected are  printed  below  each  sense's  synset
              output  described above.  Each line of output is preceded by a marker (usually =>),
              then a synset, formatted as described above.  If a search traverses more one  level
              of  the  tree,  then  successive  lines are indented by spaces corresponding to its
              level in the hierarchy.  Glosses are displayed in parentheses at the  end  of  each
              synset if the appropriate Option is set.  Each synset is printed on one line.

              Senses  are  ordered from most to least frequently used, with the most common sense
              numbered 1.  Frequency of use is determined by the  number  of  times  a  sense  is
              tagged in the various semantic concordance texts.  Senses that are not semantically
              tagged follow the ordered senses. Note that this ordering is only an estimate based
              on usage in a small corpus.

              Verb  senses  can  be  grouped  by  similarity  of  meaning, rather than ordered by
              frequency of use.  When the "Synonyms, grouped by similarity" search  is  selected,
              senses  that  are  close  in  meaning  are  printed together, with a line of dashes
              indicating the end of a group.  See wngroups(7WN) for a discussion how  senses  are
              grouped.

              The  output  of the "Derivationally Related Forms" search shows word forms that are
              morphologically related to searchstr. Each word form pointed to from  searchstr  is
              displayed,  preceded  by  RELATED  TO->  and  the  syntactic  category of the link,
              followed, on the next line, by its synset.  Printed after the word form is #n where
              n indicates the WordNet sense number of the term pointed to.

              The  "Domain"  and  "Domain  Terms" searches show the domain that a synset has been
              classified in and, conversely, all of the  terms  that  have  been  assigned  to  a
              specific  domain.  A domain is either a TOPIC, REGION or USAGE, as reflected in the
              specific pointer character stored in the database, and displayed in the output.   A
              Domain  search  on  a  term  shows  the domain, if any, that each synset containing
              searchstr has been classified in.  The output display shows the domain type (TOPIC,
              REGION  or  USAGE), followed by the syntactic category of the domain synset and the
              terms in the synset.  Each term is followed by #n where  n  indicates  the  WordNet
              sense  number  of  the  term.   The converse search, Domain Terms, shows all of the
              synsets that have been placed into the domain searchstr, with analogous markers.

              When the "Sentence Frames" search is specified, sample illustrative  sentences  and
              generic  sentence  frames  are  displayed.  If a sample sentence is found, the base
              form of the search word is substituted into the sentence, and it is  printed  below
              the  synset, preceded with the EX: marker.  When no sample sentences are found, the
              generic sentence frames are displayed.  Sentence frames that are acceptable for all
              words  in a synset are preceded by the marker *>.  If a frame is acceptable for the
              search word only, it is preceded by the marker =>.

              Search results for adjectives are slightly different from those for other parts  of
              speech.   When  an adjective is printed, its direct antonym, if it has one, is also
              printed in parentheses.  When the search word is in a head synset, all of the  head
              synset's  satellites  are also displayed.  The position of an adjective in relation
              to the noun may  be  restricted  to  the  prenominal,  postnominal  or  predicative
              position.  Where present, these restrictions are noted in parentheses.

              When  an  adjective  is  a  participle of a verb, the output indicates the verb and
              displays its synset.

              When an adverb is derived from an adjective, the specific adjectival sense on which
              it is based is indicated.

              The  morphological  transformations performed by the search code may result in more
              than one word to search for.  wnb() automatically performs the requested search  on
              all  of the strings and returns the results grouped by word.  For example, the verb
              saw is both the present tense of saw and the past tense of see.  When there is more
              than one word to search for, search results are grouped by word.

DIAGNOSTICS

       If  the  WordNet  database  files cannot be opened, error messages are displayed.  This is
       usually corrected by setting the environment  variables  described  below  to  the  proper
       location of the WordNet database for your installation.

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES (UNIX)

       WNHOME              Base directory for WordNet.  Default is /usr/local/WordNet-3.0.

       WNSEARCHDIR         Directory  in  which the WordNet database has been installed.  Default
                           is WNHOME/dict.

REGISTRY (WINDOWS)

       HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\WordNet\3.0\WNHome
                           Base directory for WordNet.  Default is C:\Program Files\WordNet\3.0.

       HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\WordNet\3.0\wnres
                           User's default browser options.

FILES

       index.pos           database index files

       data.pos            database data files

       *.vrb               files of sentences illustrating the use of verbs

       pos.exc             morphology exception lists

SEE ALSO

       wnintro(1WN),   wn(1WN),   wnintro(3WN),    lexnames(5WN),    senseidx(5WN),    wndb(5WN),
       wninput(5WN), morphy(7WN), wngloss(7WN), wngroups(7WN).

BUGS

       Please reports bugs to wordnet@princeton.edu.