PROLOG

       This  manual  page  is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual.  The Linux implementation of
       this interface may differ (consult the corresponding Linux  manual  page  for  details  of
       Linux behavior), or the interface may not be implemented on Linux.

NAME

       toupper, toupper_l — transliterate lowercase characters to uppercase

SYNOPSIS

       #include <ctype.h>

       int toupper(int c);
       int toupper_l(int c, locale_t locale);

DESCRIPTION

       For  toupper():  The  functionality  described  on this reference page is aligned with the
       ISO C standard. Any conflict  between  the  requirements  described  here  and  the  ISO C
       standard is unintentional. This volume of POSIX.1‐2008 defers to the ISO C standard.

       The toupper() and toupper_l() functions have as a domain a type int, the value of which is
       representable as an unsigned char or the value of EOF.  If  the  argument  has  any  other
       value, the behavior is undefined.

       If  the  argument  of  toupper()  or  toupper_l() represents a lowercase letter, and there
       exists a corresponding uppercase letter as defined by character type  information  in  the
       current  locale  or in the locale represented by locale, respectively (category LC_CTYPE),
       the result shall be the corresponding uppercase letter.

       All other arguments in the domain are returned unchanged.

       The behavior is undefined if the locale argument to  toupper_l()  is  the  special  locale
       object LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE or is not a valid locale object handle.

RETURN VALUE

       Upon  successful  completion,  toupper() and toupper_l() shall return the uppercase letter
       corresponding to the argument passed; otherwise, they shall return the argument unchanged.

ERRORS

       No errors are defined.

       The following sections are informative.

EXAMPLES

       None.

APPLICATION USAGE

       None.

RATIONALE

       None.

FUTURE DIRECTIONS

       None.

SEE ALSO

       setlocale(), uselocale()

       The Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1‐2008, Chapter 7, Locale, <ctype.h>, <locale.h>

COPYRIGHT

       Portions of this text are reprinted and  reproduced  in  electronic  form  from  IEEE  Std
       1003.1,  2013  Edition,  Standard  for Information Technology -- Portable Operating System
       Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 7, Copyright (C) 2013  by  the
       Institute  of  Electrical  and  Electronics  Engineers,  Inc and The Open Group.  (This is
       POSIX.1-2008 with the  2013  Technical  Corrigendum  1  applied.)  In  the  event  of  any
       discrepancy  between  this  version and the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the
       original IEEE and The Open Group Standard is the referee document. The  original  Standard
       can be obtained online at http://www.unix.org/online.html .

       Any  typographical  or  formatting errors that appear in this page are most likely to have
       been introduced during the conversion of the source files to man page  format.  To  report
       such errors, see https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/reporting_bugs.html .