Provided by: smartmontools_6.4+svn4214-1ubuntu0.1_amd64 bug

NAME

       smartd.conf - SMART Disk Monitoring Daemon Configuration File

DESCRIPTION

       [This  man  page is generated for the Linux version of smartmontools.  It does not contain
       info specific to other platforms.]

       /etc/smartd.conf is the configuration file for the smartd daemon.

       If the configuration file /etc/smartd.conf is present, smartd reads it at startup,  before
       fork(2)ing  into  the  background.   If smartd subsequently receives a HUP signal, it will
       then re-read the configuration file.  If smartd is running in  debug  mode,  then  an  INT
       signal  will also make it re-read the configuration file.  This signal can be generated by
       typing <CONTROL-C> in the terminal window where smartd is running.

       In the absence of a configuration file smartd will try to open all available devices  (see
       smartd(8)  man  page).  A configuration file with a single line 'DEVICESCAN -a' would have
       the same effect.

       This can be annoying if you have an ATA or SCSI  device  that  hangs  or  misbehaves  when
       receiving  SMART  commands.   Even  if  this causes no problems, you may be annoyed by the
       string of error log messages about devices that can't be opened.

       One can avoid this problem, and gain more control over the types of  events  monitored  by
       smartd,  by  using  the configuration file /etc/smartd.conf.  This file contains a list of
       devices to monitor, with one device per line.   An  example  file  is  included  with  the
       smartmontools   distribution.    You   will   find   this  sample  configuration  file  in
       /usr/share/doc/smartmontools/.   For  security,  the  configuration  file  should  not  be
       writable by anyone but root.  The syntax of the file is as follows:

       •   There  should  be  one  device  listed  per line, although you may have lines that are
           entirely comments or white space.

       •   Any text following a hash sign '#' and up to the end of the line  is  taken  to  be  a
           comment, and ignored.

       •   Lines  may  be  continued  by using a backslash '\' as the last non-whitespace or non-
           comment item on a line.

       •   Note: a line whose first character is a hash sign '#'  is  treated  as  a  white-space
           blank line, not as a non-existent line, and will end a continuation line.

       Here  is an example configuration file.  It's for illustrative purposes only; please don't
       copy it onto your system without reading to the end of the DIRECTIVES Section below!

       ################################################
       # This is an example smartd startup config file
       # /etc/smartd.conf
       #
       # On the second disk, start a long self-test every
       # Sunday between 3 and 4 am.
       #
         /dev/sda -a -m admin@example.com,root@localhost
         /dev/sdb -a -I 194 -I 5 -i 12 -s L/../../7/03
       #
       # Send a TEST warning email to admin on startup.
       #
         /dev/sdc -m admin@example.com -M test
       #
       # Strange device. It's SCSI. Start a scheduled
       # long self test between 5 and 6 am Monday/Thursday
         /dev/weird -d scsi -s L/../../(1|4)/05
       #
       # An ATA disk may appear as a SCSI device to the
       # OS. If a SCSI to ATA Translation (SAT) layer
       # is between the OS and the device then this can be
       # flagged with the '-d sat' option. This situation
       # may become common with SATA disks in SAS and FC
       # environments.
         /dev/sda -a -d sat
       #
       # Three disks connected to a MegaRAID controller
       # Start short self-tests daily between 1–2, 2–3, and
       # 3–4 am.
         /dev/sda -d megaraid,0 -a -s S/../.././01
         /dev/sda -d megaraid,1 -a -s S/../.././02
         /dev/sda -d megaraid,2 -a -s S/../.././03
         /dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,2 -a -s S/../.././03
       #
       # Three disks connected to an AacRaid controller
       # Start short self-tests daily between 1–2, 2–3, and
       # 3–4 am.
         /dev/sda -d aacraid,0,0,66 -a -s S/../.././01
         /dev/sda -d aacraid,0,0,67 -a -s S/../.././02
         /dev/sda -d aacraid,0,0,68 -a -s S/../.././03
       #
       # Four ATA disks on a 3ware 6/7/8000 controller.
       # Start short self-tests daily between midnight and 1 am,
       # 1–2, 2–3, and 3–4 am. Starting with the Linux 2.6
       # kernel series, /dev/sdX is deprecated in favor of
       # /dev/tweN. For example replace /dev/sdc by /dev/twe0
       # and /dev/sdd by /dev/twe1.
         /dev/sdc -d 3ware,0 -a -s S/../.././00
         /dev/sdc -d 3ware,1 -a -s S/../.././01
         /dev/sdd -d 3ware,2 -a -s S/../.././02
         /dev/sdd -d 3ware,3 -a -s S/../.././03
       #
       # Two ATA disks on a 3ware 9000 controller.
       # Start long self-tests Sundays between midnight and
       # 1 am and 2–3 am
         /dev/twa0 -d 3ware,0 -a -s L/../../7/00
         /dev/twa0 -d 3ware,1 -a -s L/../../7/02
       #
       # Two SATA (not SAS) disks on a 3ware 9750 controller.
       # Start long self-tests Sundays between midnight and
       # 1 am and 2–3 am
         /dev/twl0 -d 3ware,0 -a -s L/../../7/00
         /dev/twl0 -d 3ware,1 -a -s L/../../7/02
       #
       # Monitor 2 disks connected to the first HP SmartArray controller which
       # uses the cciss driver. Start long tests on Sunday nights and short
       # self-tests every night and send errors to root
         /dev/cciss/c0d0 -d cciss,0 -a -s (L/../../7/02|S/../.././02) -m root
         /dev/cciss/c0d0 -d cciss,1 -a -s (L/../../7/03|S/../.././03) -m root
       #
       # Three SATA disks on a HighPoint RocketRAID controller.
       # Start short self-tests daily between 1–2, 2–3, and
       # 3–4 am.
       # under Linux
         /dev/sde -d hpt,1/1 -a -s S/../.././01
         /dev/sde -d hpt,1/2 -a -s S/../.././02
         /dev/sde -d hpt,1/3 -a -s S/../.././03
       #
       # Two SATA disks connected to a HighPoint RocketRAID
       # via a pmport device. Start long self-tests Sundays
       # between midnight and 1 am and 2–3 am.
       # under Linux
         /dev/sde -d hpt,1/4/1 -a -s L/../../7/00
         /dev/sde -d hpt,1/4/2 -a -s L/../../7/02
       # Three SATA disks connected to an Areca
       # RAID controller. o51Start long self-tests Sundays
       # between midnight and 3 am.
         /dev/sg2 -d areca,1 -a -s L/../../7/00
         /dev/sg2 -d areca,2 -a -s L/../../7/01
         /dev/sg2 -d areca,3 -a -s L/../../7/02
       #
       # The following line enables monitoring of the
       # ATA Error Log and the Self-Test Error Log.
       # It also tracks changes in both Prefailure
       # and Usage Attributes, apart from Attributes
       # 9, 194, and 231, and shows continued lines:
       #
         /dev/sdd -l error \
                  -l selftest \
                  -t \      # Attributes not tracked:
                  -I 194 \  # temperature
                  -I 231 \  # also temperature
                  -I 9      # power-on hours
       #
       ################################################

CONFIGURATION FILE DIRECTIVES

       If a non-comment entry in the configuration file is the text string DEVICESCAN in  capital
       letters,  then  smartd will ignore any remaining lines in the configuration file, and will
       scan for devices.  DEVICESCAN may optionally be followed by Directives that will apply  to
       all devices that are found in the scan.  Please see below for additional details.

       If  an  entry in the configuration file starts with DEFAULT instead of a device name, then
       all directives in this entry are set as defaults for the next device entries.

       This configuration:

         DEFAULT -a -R5! -W 2,40,45 -I 194 -s L/../../7/00 -m admin@example.com
         /dev/sda
         /dev/sdb
         /dev/sdc
         DEFAULT -H -m admin@example.com
         /dev/sdd
         /dev/sde -d removable

       has the same effect as:

         /dev/sda -a -R5! -W 2,40,45 -I 194 -s L/../../7/00 -m admin@example.com
         /dev/sdb -a -R5! -W 2,40,45 -I 194 -s L/../../7/00 -m admin@example.com
         /dev/sdc -a -R5! -W 2,40,45 -I 194 -s L/../../7/00 -m admin@example.com
         /dev/sdd -H -m admin@example.com
         /dev/sde -d removable -H -m admin@example.com

       The following are the Directives that may appear following the device name  or  DEVICESCAN
       or  DEFAULT  on  any line of the /etc/smartd.conf configuration file.  Note that these are
       NOT command-line options for smartd.  The  Directives  below  may  appear  in  any  order,
       following the device name.

       For  an  ATA  device, if no Directives appear, then the device will be monitored as if the
       '-a' Directive (monitor all SMART properties) had been given.

       If a SCSI disk is listed, it will be monitored at the maximum implemented  level:  roughly
       equivalent  to  using the '-H -l selftest' options for an ATA disk.  So with the exception
       of '-d', '-m', '-l selftest', '-s', and '-M', the Directives below are  ignored  for  SCSI
       disks.   For  SCSI  disks,  the  '-m'  Directive sends a warning email if the SMART status
       indicates a disk failure or problem, if the SCSI inquiry about disk status  fails,  or  if
       new errors appear in the self-test log.

       If  a  3ware controller is used then the corresponding SCSI (/dev/sd?) or character device
       (/dev/twe?, /dev/twa?, /dev/twl? or /dev/tws?) must be listed, along with the '-d 3ware,N'
       Directive  (see below).  The individual ATA disks hosted by the 3ware controller appear to
       smartd as normal ATA devices.  Hence all the ATA directives can be used  for  these  disks
       (but see note below).

       If  an  Areca  controller is used then the corresponding device (SCSI /dev/sg? on Linux or
       /dev/arcmsr0 on FreeBSD) must be listed,  along  with  the  '-d  areca,N'  Directive  (see
       below).   The  individual  SATA  disks  hosted by the Areca controller appear to smartd as
       normal ATA devices.  Hence all the ATA directives can be  used  for  these  disks.   Areca
       firmware  version  1.46 or later which supports smartmontools must be used; Please see the
       smartctl(8) man page for further details.

       -d TYPE
              Specifies the type of the device.  The valid arguments to this directive are:

              auto - attempt to guess the device type from the device  name  or  from  controller
              type  info  provided by the operating system or from a matching USB ID entry in the
              drive database.  This is the default.

              ata - the device type is ATA.  This prevents smartd from issuing SCSI  commands  to
              an ATA device.

              scsi  - the device type is SCSI.  This prevents smartd from issuing ATA commands to
              a SCSI device.

              sat[,auto][,N] - the device type is SCSI to ATA Translation (SAT).  This is for ATA
              disks  that  have a SCSI to ATA Translation (SAT) Layer (SATL) between the disk and
              the operating system.  SAT defines two ATA PASS THROUGH SCSI commands, one 12 bytes
              long  and the other 16 bytes long.  The default is the 16 byte variant which can be
              overridden with either '-d sat,12' or '-d sat,16'.

              If '-d sat,auto' is specified, device type SAT (for ATA/SATA disks) is only used if
              the  SCSI  INQUIRY data reports a SATL (VENDOR: "ATA     ").  Otherwise device type
              SCSI (for SCSI/SAS disks) is used.

              usbcypress - this device type is for ATA disks that are behind  a  Cypress  USB  to
              PATA  bridge.   This will use the ATACB proprietary scsi pass through command.  The
              default SCSI operation code is 0x24, but although it can  be  overridden  with  '-d
              usbcypress,0xN',  where  N  is  the scsi operation code, you're running the risk of
              damage to the device or filesystems on it.

              usbjmicron[,p][,x][,PORT] - this device type is for SATA disks that  are  behind  a
              JMicron  USB  to  PATA/SATA bridge.  The 48-bit ATA commands (required e.g. for '-l
              xerror', see below) do not work  with  all  of  these  bridges  and  are  therefore
              disabled  by  default.  These commands can be enabled by '-d usbjmicron,x'.  If two
              disks are connected to a bridge with two ports, an error message is printed  if  no
              PORT  is  specified.   The  port can be specified by '-d usbjmicron[,x],PORT' where
              PORT is 0 (master) or 1 (slave).  This is not necessary if the device uses  a  port
              multiplier  to connect multiple disks to one port.  The disks appear under separate
              /dev/ice names then.  CAUTION: Specifying ',x' for a device which does not  support
              it  results  in  I/O  errors and may disconnect the drive.  The same applies if the
              specified PORT does not exist or is not connected to a disk.

              The Prolific PL2507/3507 USB bridges with older  firmware  support  a  pass-through
              command  similar  to  JMicron  and  work  with  '-d  usbjmicron,0'.  Newer Prolific
              firmware requires a modified command which can be selected  by  '-d  usbjmicron,p'.
              Note that this does not yet support the SMART status command.

              usbprolific  - [NEW EXPERIMENTAL SMARTD FEATURE] this device type is for SATA disks
              that are behind a Prolific PL2571/2771/2773/2775 USB to SATA bridge.

              usbsunplus - this device type is for SATA disks that are behind a SunplusIT USB  to
              SATA bridge.

              marvell - [Linux only] interact with SATA disks behind Marvell chip-set controllers
              (using the Marvell rather than libata driver).

              megaraid,N - [Linux only] the  device  consists  of  one  or  more  SCSI/SAS  disks
              connected  to a MegaRAID controller.  The non-negative integer N (in the range of 0
              to 127 inclusive)  denotes  which  disk  on  the  controller  is  monitored.   This
              interface  will  also  work  for  Dell  PERC  controllers.   In log files and email
              messages this disk will be identified as megaraid_disk_XXX with XXX  in  the  range
              from  000  to 127 inclusive.  It is possible to set RAID device name as /dev/bus/N,
              where N is a SCSI bus number.  Please see the  smartctl(8)  man  page  for  further
              details.

              aacraid,H,L,ID - [Linux, Windows and Cygwin only] [NEW EXPERIMENTAL SMARTD FEATURE]
              the device consists  of  one  or  more  SCSI/SAS  disks  connected  to  an  AacRaid
              controller.   The  non-negative integers H,L,ID (Host number, Lun, ID) denote which
              disk on the controller is monitored.  In log files and  email  messages  this  disk
              will  be  identified as aacraid_disk_HH_LL_ID.  Please see the smartctl(8) man page
              for further details.

              3ware,N - [FreeBSD and Linux only] the device consists of one  or  more  ATA  disks
              connected  to  a  3ware  RAID controller.  The non-negative integer N (in the range
              from 0 to 127 inclusive) denotes which disk on the controller is monitored.  In log
              files and email messages this disk will be identified as 3ware_disk_XXX with XXX in
              the range from 000 to 127 inclusive.

              Note that while you may use any of the  3ware  SCSI  logical  devices  /dev/tw*  to
              address  any  of the physical disks (3ware ports), error and log messages will make
              the most sense if you always list the 3ware SCSI logical  device  corresponding  to
              the  particular  physical  disks.   Please see the smartctl(8) man page for further
              details.

              areca,N - [FreeBSD, Linux, Windows and Cygwin only] the device consists of  one  or
              more SATA disks connected to an Areca SATA RAID controller.  The positive integer N
              (in the range from 1 to 24 inclusive) denotes  which  disk  on  the  controller  is
              monitored.   In  log  files  and  email  messages  this  disk will be identified as
              areca_disk_XX with XX in the range  from  01  to  24  inclusive.   Please  see  the
              smartctl(8) man page for further details.

              areca,N/E - [FreeBSD, Linux, Windows and Cygwin only] the device consists of one or
              more SATA or SAS disks connected to an Areca SAS RAID controller.   The  integer  N
              (range  1  to  128)  denotes  the  channel  (slot) and E (range 1 to 8) denotes the
              enclosure.  Important: This requires Areca SAS controller firmware version 1.51  or
              later.

              cciss,N  -  [FreeBSD and Linux only] the device consists of one or more SCSI/SAS or
              SATA disks connected to a cciss RAID controller.  The non-negative  integer  N  (in
              the  range  from  0  to  15  inclusive)  denotes  which  disk  on the controller is
              monitored.  In log files and  email  messages  this  disk  will  be  identified  as
              cciss_disk_XX  with  XX  in  the  range  from  00  to 15 inclusive.  Please see the
              smartctl(8) man page for further details.

              hpt,L/M/N - [FreeBSD and Linux only] the device consists of one or more  ATA  disks
              connected  to  a  HighPoint RocketRAID controller.  The integer L is the controller
              id, the integer M is the channel number, and the integer N is the PMPort number  if
              it  is  available.  The allowed values of L are from 1 to 4 inclusive, M are from 1
              to 128 inclusive and N from 1 to 4 if PMPort available.  And also these values  are
              limited  by  the  model  of  the HighPoint RocketRAID controller.  In log files and
              email messages this disk will be identified as hpt_X/X/X and X/X/X is the  same  as
              L/M/N,  note  if  no  N  indicated,  N  set to the default value 1.  Please see the
              smartctl(8) man page for further details.

              ignore - the device specified by this configuration entry should be ignored.   This
              allows  to  ignore  specific  devices  which are detected by a following DEVICESCAN
              configuration line.  It may also be used to  temporary  disable  longer  multi-line
              configuration  entries.   This  Directive may be used in conjunction with the other
              '-d' Directives.

              removable - the device or its media is removable.  This indicates to smartd that it
              should  continue  (instead of exiting, which is the default behavior) if the device
              does not appear to be present when smartd is started.  This Directive may  be  used
              in conjunction with the other '-d' Directives.

       -n POWERMODE[,N][,q]
              [ATA  only]  This  'nocheck' Directive is used to prevent a disk from being spun-up
              when it is periodically polled by smartd.

              ATA disks  have  five  different  power  states.   In  order  of  increasing  power
              consumption  they  are: 'OFF', 'SLEEP', 'STANDBY', 'IDLE', and 'ACTIVE'.  Typically
              in the OFF, SLEEP, and STANDBY modes the disk's platters  are  not  spinning.   But
              usually, in response to SMART commands issued by smartd, the disk platters are spun
              up.  So if this option is not used, then a disk which is in a low-power mode may be
              spun up and put into a higher-power mode when it is periodically polled by smartd.

              Note  that  if  the  disk  is  in  SLEEP mode when smartd is started, then it won't
              respond to smartd commands, and so the disk won't be registered  as  a  device  for
              smartd  to  monitor.   If  a disk is in any other low-power mode, then the commands
              issued by smartd to register the disk will probably cause it to spin-up.

              The '-n' (nocheck) Directive specifies if smartd's periodic checks should still  be
              carried  out  when  the device is in a low-power mode.  It may be used to prevent a
              disk from being  spun-up  by  periodic  smartd  polling.   The  allowed  values  of
              POWERMODE are:

              never - smartd will poll (check) the device regardless of its power mode.  This may
              cause a disk which is spun-down to be spun-up when smartd checks it.  This  is  the
              default behavior if the '-n' Directive is not given.

              sleep - check the device unless it is in SLEEP mode.

              standby  -  check the device unless it is in SLEEP or STANDBY mode.  In these modes
              most disks are not spinning, so if you want to prevent a laptop disk from  spinning
              up each time that smartd polls, this is probably what you want.

              idle  -  check the device unless it is in SLEEP, STANDBY or IDLE mode.  In the IDLE
              state, most disks are still spinning, so this is probably not what you want.

              Maximum number of skipped checks (in a row) can be specified by appending  positive
              number  ',N'  to POWERMODE (like '-n standby,15').  After N checks are skipped in a
              row, powermode is ignored and the check is performed anyway.

              When a periodic test is skipped, smartd normally writes an  informal  log  message.
              The  message  can be suppressed by appending the option ',q' to POWERMODE (like '-n
              standby,q').  This prevents a laptop disk from spinning up due to this message.

              Both ',N' and ',q' can be specified together.

       -T TYPE
              Specifies how tolerant smartd should be  of  SMART  command  failures.   The  valid
              arguments to this Directive are:

              normal  -  do  not  try to monitor the disk if a mandatory SMART command fails, but
              continue if an optional SMART command fails.  This is the default.

              permissive - try to monitor the disk even if it appears to lack SMART capabilities.
              This  may  be  required  for  some  old  disks  (prior  to  ATA-3  revision 4) that
              implemented SMART before the SMART standards were incorporated into  the  ATA/ATAPI
              Specifications.  [Please see the smartctl -T command-line option.]

       -o VALUE
              [ATA  only]  Enables or disables SMART Automatic Offline Testing when smartd starts
              up and has no further effect.  The valid arguments to this  Directive  are  on  and
              off.

              The delay between tests is vendor-specific, but is typically four hours.

              Note  that  SMART  Automatic  Offline Testing is not part of the ATA Specification.
              Please  see  the  smartctl  -o  command-line  option  documentation   for   further
              information about this feature.

       -S VALUE
              Enables  or  disables  Attribute  Autosave when smartd starts up and has no further
              effect.  The valid arguments to this Directive are on and off.  Also  affects  SCSI
              devices.  [Please see the smartctl -S command-line option.]

       -H     [ATA  only]  Check  the  health  status  of  the  disk with the SMART RETURN STATUS
              command.  If this command reports a failing health status,  then  disk  failure  is
              predicted  in  less  than  24  hours,  and a message at loglevel 'LOG_CRIT' will be
              logged to syslog.  [Please see the smartctl -H command-line option.]

       -l TYPE
              Reports increases in the number of errors in one of three SMART  logs.   The  valid
              arguments to this Directive are:

              error - [ATA only] report if the number of ATA errors reported in the Summary SMART
              error log has increased since the last check.

              xerror - [ATA only] report if the number of ATA errors  reported  in  the  Extended
              Comprehensive SMART error log has increased since the last check.

              If both '-l error' and '-l xerror' are specified, smartd checks the maximum of both
              values.

              [Please see the smartctl -l xerror command-line option.]

              selftest - report if the number of failed tests reported in the SMART Self-Test Log
              has  increased  since  the last check, or if the timestamp associated with the most
              recent failed test has increased.  Note that such errors will only be logged if you
              run  self-tests  on  the  disk  (and  it  fails  a  test!).   Self-Tests can be run
              automatically by smartd: please see the '-s' Directive below.  Self-Tests can  also
              be  run  manually by using the '-t short' and '-t long' options of smartctl and the
              results of the testing can be observed using the  smartctl  '-l selftest'  command-
              line option.  [Please see the smartctl -l and -t command-line options.]

              [ATA  only] Failed self-tests outdated by a newer successful extended self-test are
              ignored.  The warning email counter is reset if the number  of  failed  self  tests
              dropped  to  0.  This typically happens when an extended self-test is run after all
              bad sectors have been reallocated.

              offlinests[,ns] - [ATA only] report if  the  Offline  Data  Collection  status  has
              changed  since  the  last  check.  The report will be logged as LOG_CRIT if the new
              status indicates an error.  With some drives the status  often  changes,  therefore
              '-l  offlinests' is not enabled by '-a' Directive.  Appending ',ns' (no standby) to
              this directive is not implemented on Linux.

              selfteststs[,ns] - [ATA only] report if the Self-Test execution status has  changed
              since  the  last  check.   The  report will be logged as LOG_CRIT if the new status
              indicates an error.   Appending  ',ns'  (no  standby)  to  this  directive  is  not
              implemented on Linux.

              scterc,READTIME,WRITETIME - [ATA only] sets the SCT Error Recovery Control settings
              to the specified values (deciseconds) when smartd starts  up  and  has  no  further
              effect.   Values  of  0 disable the feature, other values less than 65 are probably
              not  supported.   For  RAID  configurations,  this  is  typically  set   to   70,70
              deciseconds.  [Please see the smartctl -l scterc command-line option.]

       -e NAME[,VALUE]
              Sets  non-SMART  device  settings  when smartd starts up and has no further effect.
              [Please see the smartctl --set command-line option.]  Valid arguments are:

              aam,[N|off] - [ATA only] Sets the Automatic Acoustic Management (AAM) feature.

              apm,[N|off] - [ATA only] Sets the Advanced Power Management (APM) feature.

              lookahead,[on|off] - [ATA only] Sets the read look-ahead feature.

              security-freeze - [ATA only] Sets ATA Security feature to frozen mode.

              standby,[N|off] - [ATA only] Sets the standby (spindown) timer and places the drive
              in the IDLE mode.

              wcache,[on|off] - [ATA only] Sets the volatile write cache feature.

       -s REGEXP
              Run  Self-Tests or Offline Immediate Tests, at scheduled times.  A Self- or Offline
              Immediate Test will be run at the  end  of  periodic  device  polling,  if  all  12
              characters of the string T/MM/DD/d/HH match the extended regular expression REGEXP.
              Here:

              T   is the type of the test.  The values that smartd will try to  match  (in  turn)
                  are:  'L' for a Long Self-Test, 'S' for a Short Self-Test, 'C' for a Conveyance
                  Self-Test (ATA only), and 'O' for an Offline Immediate  Test  (ATA  only).   As
                  soon  as  a  match is found, the test will be started and no additional matches
                  will be sought for that device and that polling cycle.

                  To run scheduled Selective Self-Tests, use 'n' for next span, 'r' to redo  last
                  span,  or  'c'  to continue with next span or redo last span based on status of
                  last test.  The LBA range is based on the first span from the last  test.   See
                  the smartctl -t select,[next|redo|cont] options for further info.

                  Some  disks  (e.g. WD) do not preserve the selective self test log across power
                  cycles.  If state persistence ('-s' option) is enabled, the last test  span  is
                  preserved  by  smartd  and used if (and only if) the selective self test log is
                  empty.

              MM  is the month of the year, expressed with two decimal digits.  The range is from
                  01  (January) to 12 (December) inclusive.  Do not use a single decimal digit or
                  the match will always fail!

              DD  is the day of the month, expressed with two decimal digits.  The range is  from
                  01 to 31 inclusive.  Do not use a single decimal digit or the match will always
                  fail!

              d   is the day of the week, expressed with one decimal digit.  The range is from  1
                  (Monday) to 7 (Sunday) inclusive.

              HH  is  the  hour  of  the day, written with two decimal digits, and given in hours
                  after midnight.  The range is 00 (midnight to just before 1 am) to 23 (11pm  to
                  just  before  midnight)  inclusive.   Do  not use a single decimal digit or the
                  match will always fail!

              Some examples follow.  In reading these, keep in  mind  that  in  extended  regular
              expressions  a dot '.' matches any single character, and a parenthetical expression
              such as '(A|B|C)' denotes any one of the three possibilities A, B, or C.

              To schedule a short Self-Test between 2–3 am every morning, use:
               -s S/../.././02
              To schedule a long Self-Test between 4–5 am every Sunday morning, use:
               -s L/../../7/04
              To schedule a long Self-Test between 10–11 pm on the first  and  fifteenth  day  of
              each month, use:
               -s L/../(01|15)/./22
              To  schedule  an Offline Immediate test after every midnight, 6 am, noon, and 6 pm,
              plus a Short Self-Test daily at 1–2 am and a Long Self-Test every Saturday  at  3–4
              am, use:
               -s (O/../.././(00|06|12|18)|S/../.././01|L/../../6/03)
              If Long Self-Tests of a large disks take longer than the system uptime, a full disk
              test can be performed by several Selective Self-Tests.  To setup a full test of a 1
              TB disk within 20 days (one 50 GB span each day), run this command once:
                smartctl -t select,0-99999999 /dev/sda
              To  run the next test spans on Monday–Friday between 12–13 am, run smartd with this
              directive:
               -s n/../../[1-5]/12

              Scheduled tests  are  run  immediately  following  the  regularly-scheduled  device
              polling,  if the current local date, time, and test type, match REGEXP.  By default
              the regularly-scheduled device polling occurs every thirty minutes  after  starting
              smartd.  Take caution if you use the '-i' option to make this polling interval more
              than sixty minutes: the poll times may fail to coincide with  any  of  the  testing
              times  that  you  have  specified  with  REGEXP.  In this case the test will be run
              following the next device polling.

              Before running an offline or self-test, smartd checks to be sure that  a  self-test
              is  not already running.  If a self-test is already running, then this running self
              test will not be interrupted to begin another test.

              smartd will not attempt to run any type of test if another test was already started
              or run in the same hour.

              To  avoid  performance  problems during system boot, smartd will not attempt to run
              any scheduled tests following the very first device polling (unless  '-q  onecheck'
              is specified).

              Each  time a test is run, smartd will log an entry to SYSLOG.  You can use these or
              the '-q showtests' command-line  option  to  verify  that  you  constructed  REGEXP
              correctly.   The  matching  order  (L  before  S before C before O) ensures that if
              multiple test types are all scheduled for the same hour, the longer test  type  has
              precedence.  This is usually the desired behavior.

              If  the  scheduled  tests  are  used  in  conjunction  with state persistence ('-s'
              option), smartd will also try to match the hours since last shutdown (or 90 days at
              most).   If  any  test  would  have  been started during downtime, the longest (see
              above) of these tests is run after second device polling.

              If the '-n' directive is used and any test would  have  been  started  during  disk
              standby time, the longest of these tests is run when the disk is active again.

              Unix  users:  please  beware  that  the  rules  for  extended  regular  expressions
              [regex(7)] are not the same as the rules for  file-name  pattern  matching  by  the
              shell  [glob(7)].   smartd will issue harmless informational warning messages if it
              detects characters in REGEXP that appear  to  indicate  that  you  have  made  this
              mistake.

       -m ADD Send  a  warning  email  to the email address ADD if the '-H', '-l', '-f', '-C', or
              '-O' Directives detect a failure or a new error, or if a SMART command to the  disk
              fails.   This  Directive  only works in conjunction with these other Directives (or
              with the equivalent default '-a' Directive).

              To prevent your email in-box from getting  filled  up  with  warning  messages,  by
              default  only  a  single  warning will be sent for each of the enabled alert types,
              '-H', '-l', '-f', '-C', or '-O' even if more than one failure or error is  detected
              or  if the failure or error persists.  [This behavior can be modified; see the '-M'
              Directive below.]

              To send email to more than one user, please use  the  following  "comma  separated"
              form for the address: user1@add1,user2@add2,...,userN@addN (with no spaces).

              To  test  that email is being sent correctly, use the '-M test' Directive described
              below to send one test email message on smartd startup.

              By default, email is sent using the system mail(1) command.  In order  that  smartd
              find  this  command  (normally /usr/bin/mail) the executable must be in the path of
              the shell or environment from which smartd was started.  If you wish to specify  an
              explicit  path to the mail executable (for example /usr/local/bin/mail) or a custom
              script to run, please use the '-M exec' Directive below.

              Note also that there is a special argument <nomailer> which can  be  given  to  the
              '-m'  Directive  in conjunction with the '-M exec' Directive.  Please see below for
              an explanation of its effect.

              If the mailer or the shell running it produces any  STDERR/STDOUT  output,  then  a
              snippet  of  that  output will be copied to SYSLOG.  The remainder of the output is
              discarded.  If problems are encountered in sending mail, this should  help  you  to
              understand and fix them.  If you have mail problems, we recommend running smartd in
              debug mode with the '-d' flag, using the '-M test' Directive described below.

              If a word of the comma separated list has  the  form  '@plugin',  a  custom  script
              /etc/smartmontools/smartd_warning.d/plugin  is run and the word is removed from the
              list before sending mail.  The string 'plugin' may be any valid name except  'ALL'.
              If  '@ALL'  is  specified, all scripts in /etc/smartmontools/smartd_warning.d/* are
              run      instead.       This       is       handled       by       the       script
              /usr/share/smartmontools/smartd_warning.sh (see also '-M exec' below).

       -M TYPE
              These  Directives modify the behavior of the smartd email warnings enabled with the
              '-m'  email  Directive  described  above.   These  '-M'  Directives  only  work  in
              conjunction with the '-m' Directive and can not be used without it.

              Multiple  -M  Directives  may be given.  If more than one of the following three -M
              Directives are given (example: -M once  -M  daily)  then  the  final  one  (in  the
              example, -M daily) is used.

              The valid arguments to the -M Directive are (one of the following three):

              once - send only one warning email for each type of disk problem detected.  This is
              the default unless state persistence ('-s' option) is enabled.

              daily - send additional warning reminder emails, once per day,  for  each  type  of
              disk  problem  detected.  This is the default if state persistence ('-s' option) is
              enabled.

              diminishing - send additional warning reminder emails, after  a  one-day  interval,
              then  a two-day interval, then a four-day interval, and so on for each type of disk
              problem detected.  Each interval is twice as long as the previous interval.

              If a disk problem is no longer detected, the internal email counter is  reset.   If
              the problem reappears a new warning email is sent immediately.

              In addition, one may add zero or more of the following Directives:

              test  -  send a single test email immediately upon smartd startup.  This allows one
              to verify that email is delivered correctly.  Note that if this Directive is  used,
              smartd  will  also  send  the normal email warnings that were enabled with the '-m'
              Directive, in addition to the single test email!

              exec PATH - run the executable PATH instead  of  the  default  mail  command,  when
              smartd  needs  to  send  email.   PATH  must  point to an executable binary file or
              script.

              By setting PATH to point to a customized script, you can make smartd perform useful
              tricks  when  a  disk  problem  is detected (beeping the console, shutting down the
              machine, broadcasting warnings  to  all  logged-in  users,  etc.)   But  please  be
              careful.   smartd  will  block  until  the  executable  PATH  returns,  so  if your
              executable hangs, then smartd will also hang.  Some sample scripts are included  in
              /usr/share/doc/smartmontools/examples//.

              The  return  status  of  the  executable  is  recorded  by  smartd  in SYSLOG.  The
              executable is not expected to write to STDOUT or STDERR.  If it does, then this  is
              interpreted as indicating that something is going wrong with your executable, and a
              fragment of this output is logged to SYSLOG to help you to understand the  problem.
              Normally,  if you wish to leave some record behind, the executable should send mail
              or write to a file or device.

              Before running the executable, smartd  sets  a  number  of  environment  variables.
              These  environment variables may be used to control the executable's behavior.  The
              environment variables exported by smartd are:

              SMARTD_MAILER
                  is set to the argument of -M exec, if present  or  else  to  'mail'  (examples:
                  /usr/local/bin/mail, mail).

              SMARTD_DEVICE
                  is set to the device path (example: /dev/sda).

              SMARTD_DEVICETYPE
                  is set to the device type specified by '-d' directive or 'auto' if none.

              SMARTD_DEVICESTRING
                  is  set  to the device description.  For SMARTD_DEVICETYPE of ata or scsi, this
                  is the same as SMARTD_DEVICE.  For 3ware RAID controllers,  the  form  used  is
                  '/dev/sdc  [3ware_disk_01]'.   For HighPoint RocketRAID controller, the form is
                  '/dev/sdd [hpt_1/1/1]' under Linux or '/dev/hptrr [hpt_1/1/1]'  under  FreeBSD.
                  For  Areca  controllers,  the  form  is  '/dev/sg2 [areca_disk_09]' on Linux or
                  '/dev/arcmsr0 [areca_disk_09]' on FreeBSD.  In these cases  the  device  string
                  contains  a space and is NOT quoted.  So to use $SMARTD_DEVICESTRING in a shell
                  script you should probably enclose it in double quotes.

              SMARTD_DEVICEINFO
                  is set to device identify information.  It includes most of the info printed by
                  smartctl  -i  but  uses  a  brief single line format.  This device info is also
                  logged when smartd starts up.  The string contains space characters and is  NOT
                  quoted.

              SMARTD_FAILTYPE
                  gives the reason for the warning or message email.  The possible values that it
                  takes and their meanings are:
                  EmailTest: this is an email test message.
                  Health: the SMART health status indicates imminent failure.
                  Usage: a usage Attribute has failed.
                  SelfTest: the number of self-test failures has increased.
                  ErrorCount: the number of errors in the ATA error log has increased.
                  CurrentPendingSector: one of more disk sectors could not be read and are marked
                  to be reallocated (replaced with spare sectors).
                  OfflineUncorrectableSector:  during  off-line  testing, or self-testing, one or
                  more disk sectors could not be read.
                  Temperature: Temperature reached critical limit (see -W directive).
                  FailedHealthCheck: the SMART health status command failed.
                  FailedReadSmartData: the command to read SMART Attribute data failed.
                  FailedReadSmartErrorLog: the command to read the SMART error log failed.
                  FailedReadSmartSelfTestLog: the command to read the SMART self-test log failed.
                  FailedOpenDevice: the open() command to the device failed.

              SMARTD_ADDRESS
                  is determined by the address argument ADD of the '-m'  Directive.   If  ADD  is
                  <nomailer>, then SMARTD_ADDRESS is not set.  Otherwise, it is set to the comma-
                  separated-list of email addresses given by the argument ADD,  with  the  commas
                  replaced  by  spaces  (example:admin@example.com root).  If more than one email
                  address is given, then this string will contain space  characters  and  is  NOT
                  quoted,  so  to  use  it in a shell script you may want to enclose it in double
                  quotes.

              SMARTD_MESSAGE
                  is set to the one sentence summary warning email message string from smartd.m46
                  This  message  string  contains  space characters and is NOT quoted.  So to use
                  $SMARTD_MESSAGE in a shell script you should  probably  enclose  it  in  double
                  quotes.

              SMARTD_FULLMESSAGE
                  is  set to the contents of the entire email warning message string from smartd.
                  This message string contains space and return characters and is NOT quoted.  So
                  to  use $SMARTD_FULLMESSAGE in a shell script you should probably enclose it in
                  double quotes.

              SMARTD_TFIRST
                  is a text string giving the time and date at which the first  problem  of  this
                  type was reported.  This text string contains space characters and no newlines,
                  and is NOT quoted.  For example:
                  Sun Feb  9 14:58:19 2003 CST

              SMARTD_TFIRSTEPOCH
                  is an integer, which is the unix epoch (number of seconds since  Jan  1,  1970)
                  for SMARTD_TFIRST.

              SMARTD_PREVCNT
                  is  an  integer  specifying the number of previous messages sent.  It is set to
                  '0' for the first message.

              SMARTD_NEXTDAYS
                  is an integer specifying the number of days until  the  next  message  will  be
                  sent.  It it set to empty on '-M once' and set to '1' on '-M daily'.

              If  the  '-m  ADD'  Directive  is  given  with  a normal address argument, then the
              executable pointed to by PATH will be run in a shell with STDIN receiving the  body
              of the email message, and with the same command-line arguments:
              -s "$SMARTD_SUBJECT" $SMARTD_ADDRESS
              that would normally be provided to 'mail'.  Examples include:
              -m user@home -M exec /usr/bin/mail
              -m admin@work -M exec /usr/local/bin/mailto
              -m root -M exec /Example_1/shell/script/below

              If  the  '-m  ADD'  Directive is given with the special address argument <nomailer>
              then the executable pointed to by PATH is run in a  shell  with  no  STDIN  and  no
              command-line arguments, for example:
              -m <nomailer> -M exec /Example_2/shell/script/below
              If  the  executable  produces  any  STDERR/STDOUT  output, then smartd assumes that
              something is going wrong, and a snippet of that output will be  copied  to  SYSLOG.
              The remainder of the output is then discarded.

              Some  EXAMPLES  of  scripts that can be used with the '-M exec' Directive are given
              below.       Some      sample      scripts      are      also      included      in
              /usr/share/doc/smartmontools/examples//.

              The  executable  is  run  by the script /usr/share/smartmontools/smartd_warning.sh.
              This script formats subject and full message  based  on  SMARTD_MESSAGE  and  other
              environment  variables set by smartd.  The environment variables SMARTD_SUBJECT and
              SMARTD_FULLMESSAGE are set by the script before running the executable.

       -f     [ATA only] Check for 'failure' of any Usage Attributes.  If  these  Attributes  are
              less  than  or  equal to the threshold, it does NOT indicate imminent disk failure.
              It "indicates an advisory condition where the  usage  or  age  of  the  device  has
              exceeded  its  intended  design life period."  [Please see the smartctl -A command-
              line option.]

       -p     [ATA only] Report anytime that a Prefail Attribute has changed its value since  the
              last check.  [Please see the smartctl -A command-line option.]

       -u     [ATA  only]  Report  anytime that a Usage Attribute has changed its value since the
              last check.  [Please see the smartctl -A command-line option.]

       -t     [ATA only] Equivalent to turning on the two previous flags '-p' and  '-u'.   Tracks
              changes  in  all  device  Attributes  (both Prefailure and Usage).  [Please see the
              smartctl -A command-line option.]

       -i ID  [ATA only] Ignore device Attribute number ID when checking  for  failure  of  Usage
              Attributes.   ID  must  be  a  decimal  integer  in  the range from 1 to 255.  This
              Directive modifies the behavior of the '-f' Directive and has no effect without it.

              This is useful, for example, if you have a very old disk and  don't  want  to  keep
              getting  messages  about  the  hours-on-lifetime  Attribute  (usually  Attribute 9)
              failing.  This Directive may appear multiple times for a single device, if you want
              to ignore multiple Attributes.

       -I ID  [ATA  only]  Ignore  device  Attribute  ID  when  tracking changes in the Attribute
              values.  ID must be a decimal integer in the range from 1 to 255.   This  Directive
              modifies  the  behavior  of the '-p', '-u', and '-t' tracking Directives and has no
              effect without one of them.

              This is useful,  for  example,  if  one  of  the  device  Attributes  is  the  disk
              temperature (usually Attribute 194 or 231).  It's annoying to get reports each time
              the temperature changes.  This Directive may appear multiple  times  for  a  single
              device, if you want to ignore multiple Attributes.

       -r ID[!]
              [ATA  only]  When  tracking,  report  the  Raw value of Attribute ID along with its
              (normally reported) Normalized value.  ID must be a decimal integer  in  the  range
              from  1  to  255.  This Directive modifies the behavior of the '-p', '-u', and '-t'
              tracking Directives and has no effect without one of them.  This Directive  may  be
              given multiple times.

              A  common use of this Directive is to track the device Temperature (often ID=194 or
              231).

              If the optional flag  '!'  is  appended,  a  change  of  the  Normalized  value  is
              considered  critical.   The  report  will be logged as LOG_CRIT and a warning email
              will be sent if '-m' is specified.

       -R ID[!]
              [ATA only] When tracking, report whenever the Raw value of  Attribute  ID  changes.
              (Normally  smartd  only tracks/reports changes of the Normalized Attribute values.)
              ID must be a decimal integer in the range from 1 to 255.  This  Directive  modifies
              the  behavior  of  the  '-p',  '-u', and '-t' tracking Directives and has no effect
              without one of them.  This Directive may be given multiple times.

              If this Directive is given, it automatically implies the  '-r'  Directive  for  the
              same Attribute, so that the Raw value of the Attribute is reported.

              A  common use of this Directive is to track the device Temperature (often ID=194 or
              231).  It is also useful for understanding how different types of  system  behavior
              affects the values of certain Attributes.

              If  the  optional  flag  '!'  is  appended, a change of the Raw value is considered
              critical.  The report will be logged as LOG_CRIT and a warning email will  be  sent
              if  '-m'  is  specified.   An  example  is  '-R  5!'  to  warn when new sectors are
              reallocated.

       -C ID[+]
              [ATA only] Report if the current number of pending sectors is non-zero.  Here ID is
              the id number of the Attribute whose raw value is the Current Pending Sector count.
              The allowed range of ID is 0 to 255 inclusive.  To turn  off  this  reporting,  use
              ID = 0.   If  the  -C  ID  option  is  not given, then it defaults to -C 197 (since
              Attribute 197 is generally used to monitor pending sectors).  If the name  of  this
              Attribute is changed by a '-v 197,FORMAT,NAME' directive, the default is changed to
              -C 0.

              If '+' is specified, a report  is  only  printed  if  the  number  of  sectors  has
              increased  between two check cycles.  Some disks do not reset this attribute when a
              bad sector is reallocated.  See also '-v 197,increasing' below.

              The warning email counter is reset if the number of pending sectors dropped  to  0.
              This  typically  happens when all pending sectors have been reallocated or could be
              read again.

              A pending sector is a disk sector (containing 512 bytes of  your  data)  which  the
              device  would like to mark as "bad" and reallocate.  Typically this is because your
              computer tried to read that sector, and the read failed because the data on it  has
              been  corrupted  and  has  inconsistent  Error Checking and Correction (ECC) codes.
              This is important to know, because it means that there is some unreadable  data  on
              the  disk.  The problem of figuring out what file this data belongs to is operating
              system and file system specific.  You can typically force the sector to  reallocate
              by  writing  to it (translation: make the device substitute a spare good sector for
              the bad one) but at the price of losing the 512 bytes of data stored there.

       -U ID[+]
              [ATA only] Report if the number of offline uncorrectable sectors is non-zero.  Here
              ID  is  the id number of the Attribute whose raw value is the Offline Uncorrectable
              Sector count.  The allowed range of ID is 0 to 255 inclusive.   To  turn  off  this
              reporting,  use  ID = 0.   If the -U ID option is not given, then it defaults to -U
              198 (since Attribute  198  is  generally  used  to  monitor  offline  uncorrectable
              sectors).   If  the  name  of  this  Attribute is changed by a '-v 198,FORMAT,NAME'
              (except '-v 198,FORMAT,Offline_Scan_UNC_SectCt'), directive, the default is changed
              to -U 0.

              If  '+'  is  specified,  a  report  is  only  printed  if the number of sectors has
              increased since the last check cycle.  Some disks do not reset this attribute  when
              a bad sector is reallocated.  See also '-v 198,increasing' below.

              The  warning  email counter is reset if the number of offline uncorrectable sectors
              dropped to 0.  This typically happens when all offline uncorrectable  sectors  have
              been reallocated or could be read again.

              An  offline  uncorrectable sector is a disk sector which was not readable during an
              off-line scan or a self-test.  This is important to know, because if you have  data
              stored  in  this  disk sector, and you need to read it, the read will fail.  Please
              see the previous '-C' option for more details.

       -W DIFF[,INFO[,CRIT]]
              Report if the current temperature had changed by at least DIFF degrees  since  last
              report,  or  if  new  min  or  max  temperature is detected.  Report or Warn if the
              temperature is greater or equal than one of INFO or CRIT degrees Celsius.   If  the
              limit  CRIT is reached, a message with loglevel 'LOG_CRIT' will be logged to syslog
              and a warning email will be send if '-m' is specified.  If only the limit  INFO  is
              reached, a message with loglevel 'LOG_INFO' will be logged.

              The  warning email counter is reset if the temperature dropped below INFO or CRIT-5
              if INFO is not specified.

              If this directive is used in conjunction with state persistence ('-s' option),  the
              min  and  max  temperature  values  are  preserved across boot cycles.  The minimum
              temperature value is not updated during the first 30 minutes after startup.

              To disable any of the 3 reports, set the corresponding limit to 0.   Trailing  zero
              arguments  may  be  omitted.  By default, all temperature reports are disabled ('-W
              0').

              To track temperature changes of at least 2 degrees, use:
              -W 2
              To log informal messages on temperatures of at least 40 degrees, use:
              -W 0,40
              For warning messages/mails on temperatures of at least 45 degrees, use:
              -W 0,0,45
              To combine all of the above reports, use:
              -W 2,40,45

              For ATA devices, smartd interprets Attribute 194 or 190 as Temperature  Celsius  by
              default.  This can be changed to Attribute 9 or 220 by the drive database or by the
              '-v 9,temp' or '-v 220,temp' directive.

       -F TYPE
              [ATA only] Modifies the behavior  of  smartd  to  compensate  for  some  known  and
              understood  device  firmware  bug.  This directive may be used multiple times.  The
              valid arguments are:

              none - Assume that the device firmware obeys the ATA specifications.  This  is  the
              default,  unless the device has presets for '-F' in the drive database.  Using this
              directive will override any preset values.

              nologdir - Suppresses read attempts of SMART or GP Log Directory.  Support for  all
              standard  logs  is  assumed without an actual check.  Some Intel SSDs may freeze if
              log address 0 is read.

              samsung - In some Samsung disks (example: model SV4012H Firmware Version: RM100-08)
              some  of  the  two- and four-byte quantities in the SMART data structures are byte-
              swapped (relative to the ATA specification).  Enabling this option tells smartd  to
              evaluate  these quantities in byte-reversed order.  Some signs that your disk needs
              this option are (1) no self-test log printed, even though you have run  self-tests;
              (2) very large numbers of ATA errors reported in the ATA error log; (3) strange and
              impossible values for the ATA error log timestamps.

              samsung2 - In some Samsung disks the number of ATA errors reported is byte swapped.
              Enabling this option tells smartd to evaluate this quantity in byte-reversed order.

              samsung3  -  Some  Samsung disks (at least SP2514N with Firmware VF100-37) report a
              self-test still in progress with 0% remaining when the test was already  completed.
              If  this  directive is specified, smartd will not skip the next scheduled self-test
              (see Directive '-s' above) in this case.

              xerrorlba - This only affects smartctl.

              [Please see the smartctl -F command-line option.]

       -v ID,FORMAT[:BYTEORDER][,NAME]
              [ATA only] Sets a vendor-specific raw value print FORMAT, an optional BYTEORDER and
              an  optional  NAME  for  Attribute  ID.  This directive may be used multiple times.
              Please see smartctl -v command-line option for further details.

              The following arguments affect smartd warning output:

              197,increasing - Raw Attribute number 197 (Current Pending  Sector  Count)  is  not
              reset  if  uncorrectable  sectors are reallocated.  This sets '-C 197+' if no other
              '-C' directive is specified.

              198,increasing - Raw Attribute number 198 (Offline Uncorrectable Sector  Count)  is
              not  reset  if  uncorrectable  sectors  are reallocated.  This sets '-U 198+' if no
              other '-U' directive is specified.

       -P TYPE
              [ATA only] Specifies  whether  smartd  should  use  any  preset  options  that  are
              available for this drive.  The valid arguments to this Directive are:

              use - use any presets that are available for this drive.  This is the default.

              ignore - do not use any presets for this drive.

              show - show the presets listed for this drive in the database.

              showall - show the presets that are available for all drives and then exit.

              [Please see the smartctl -P command-line option.]

       -a     Equivalent  to  turning on all of the following Directives: '-H' to check the SMART
              health status, '-f' to report failures of Usage (rather than  Prefail)  Attributes,
              '-t' to track changes in both Prefailure and Usage Attributes, '-l error' to report
              increases in the number of ATA errors, '-l selftest' to  report  increases  in  the
              number  of  Self-Test  Log  errors, '-l selfteststs' to report changes of Self-Test
              execution status, '-C 197' to report nonzero values of the current  pending  sector
              count, and '-U 198' to report nonzero values of the offline pending sector count.

              Note  that -a is the default for ATA devices.  If none of these other Directives is
              given, then -a is assumed.

       #      Comment: ignore the remainder of the line.

       \      Continuation character: if this is the last non-white or non-comment character on a
              line, then the following line is a continuation of the current one.

       If  you  are  not  sure which Directives to use, I suggest experimenting for a few minutes
       with smartctl to see what SMART functionality your disk(s) support(s).  If you do not like
       voluminous  syslog  messages,  a good choice of smartd configuration file Directives might
       be:
       -H -l selftest -l error -f.
       If you want more frequent information, use: -a.

       If a cciss controller is used then the corresponding block device  (/dev/cciss/c?d?)  must
       be listed, along with the ´-d cciss,N´ Directive (see below).

       ADDITIONAL DETAILS ABOUT DEVICESCAN
              If  a  non-comment entry in the configuration file is the text string DEVICESCAN in
              capital letters, then smartd will ignore any remaining lines in  the  configuration
              file, and will scan for devices (see also smartd(8) man page).

              If DEVICESCAN is not followed by any Directives, then smartd will scan for both ATA
              and SCSI devices, and will monitor all possible SMART  properties  of  any  devices
              that are found.

              DEVICESCAN  may  optionally  be  followed  by  any  valid Directives, which will be
              applied to all devices that are found in the scan.  For example
              DEVICESCAN -m root@example.com
              will scan for all devices, and then monitor them.  It will send one  email  warning
              per device for any problems that are found.
              DEVICESCAN -d ata -m root@example.com
              will do the same, but restricts the scan to ATA devices only.
              DEVICESCAN -H -d ata -m root@example.com
              will do the same, but only monitors the SMART health status of the devices, (rather
              than the default -a, which monitors all SMART properties).

              Configuration entries for specific devices may precede the DEVICESCAN  entry.   For
              example
              DEFAULT -m root@example.com
              /dev/sda -s S/../.././02
              /dev/sdc -d ignore
              DEVICESCAN -s L/../.././02
              will  scan  for  all  devices except /dev/sda and /dev/sdc, monitor them, and run a
              long test between 2–3 am every morning.  Device /dev/sda will  also  be  monitored,
              but  only  a  short  test  will  be run.  Device /dev/sdc will be ignored.  Warning
              emails will be sent for all monitored devices.

       EXAMPLES OF SHELL SCRIPTS FOR '-M exec'
              These are two examples of shell scripts that can be used with the  '-M  exec  PATH'
              Directive described previously.  The paths to these scripts and similar executables
              is the PATH argument to the '-M exec PATH' Directive.

              Example 1: This script is for use with '-m ADDRESS -M exec PATH'.  It  appends  the
              output  of  smartctl -a to the output of the smartd email warning message and sends
              it to ADDRESS.

              #! /bin/sh

              # Save the email message (STDIN) to a file:
              cat > /root/msg

              # Append the output of smartctl -a to the message:
              /usr/sbin/smartctl -a -d $SMART_DEVICETYPE $SMARTD_DEVICE >> /root/msg

              # Now email the message to the user at address ADD:
              /usr/bin/mail -s "$SMARTD_SUBJECT" $SMARTD_ADDRESS < /root/msg

              Example 2: This script is for use with '-m <nomailer> -M exec PATH'.  It warns  all
              users about a disk problem, waits 30 seconds, and then powers down the machine.

              #! /bin/sh

              # Warn all users of a problem
              wall <<EOF
              Problem detected with disk: $SMARTD_DEVICESTRING
              Warning message from smartd is: $SMARTD_MESSAGE
              Shutting down machine in 30 seconds...
              EOF

              # Wait half a minute
              sleep 30

              # Power down the machine
              /sbin/shutdown -hf now

              Some   example   scripts   are  distributed  with  the  smartmontools  package,  in
              /usr/share/doc/smartmontools/examples/.

              Please note that these scripts typically run  as  root,  so  any  files  that  they
              read/write  should  not be writable by ordinary users or reside in directories like
              /tmp that are writable by ordinary users and may  expose  your  system  to  symlink
              attacks.

              As  previously  described,  if  the  scripts  write  to  STDOUT  or STDERR, this is
              interpreted as indicating that there was an internal error within the script, and a
              snippet of STDOUT/STDERR is logged to SYSLOG.  The remainder is flushed.

FILES

       /etc/smartd.conf
              full path of this file.

SEE ALSO

       smartd(8), smartctl(8), mail(1), regex(7).

PACKAGE VERSION

       smartmontools-6.5 2016-01-24 r4214
       $Id: smartd.conf.5.in 4103 2015-06-01 19:51:18Z chrfranke $