NAME

       fping - send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts

SYNOPSIS

       fping [ options ] [ systems... ] fping6 [ options ] [ systems... ]

DESCRIPTION

       fping is a program like ping which uses the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) echo
       request to determine if a target host is responding.  fping differs from ping in that you
       can specify any number of targets on the command line, or specify a file containing the
       lists of targets to ping.  Instead of sending to one target until it times out or replies,
       fping will send out a ping packet and move on to the next target in a round-robin fashion.
       In the default mode, if a target replies, it is noted and removed from the list of targets
       to check; if a target does not respond within a certain time limit and/or retry limit it
       is designated as unreachable. fping also supports sending a specified number of pings to a
       target, or looping indefinitely (as in ping ). Unlike ping, fping is meant to be used in
       scripts, so its output is designed to be easy to parse.

       The binary named fping6 is the same as fping, except that it uses IPv6 addresses instead
       of IPv4.

OPTIONS

       -a   Show systems that are alive.

       -A   Display targets by address rather than DNS name. Combined with -d, the output will be
            both the ip and (if available) the hostname.

       -b n Number of bytes of ping data to send.  The minimum size (normally 12) allows room for
            the data that fping needs to do its work (sequence number, timestamp).  The reported
            received data size includes the IP header (normally 20 bytes) and ICMP header (8
            bytes), so the minimum total size is 40 bytes.  Default is 56, as in ping. Maximum is
            the theoretical maximum IP datagram size (64K), though most systems limit this to a
            smaller, system-dependent number.

       -B n Backoff factor. In the default mode, fping sends several requests to a target before
            giving up, waiting longer for a reply on each successive request.  This parameter is
            the value by which the wait time (-t) is multiplied on each successive request; it
            must be entered as a floating-point number (x.y). The default is 1.5.

       -c n Number of request packets to send to each target.  In this mode, a line is displayed
            for each received response (this can suppressed with -q or -Q).  Also, statistics
            about responses for each target are displayed when all requests have been sent (or
            when interrupted).

       -C n Similar to -c, but the per-target statistics are displayed in a format designed for
            automated response-time statistics gathering. For example:

             % fping -C 5 -q somehost
             somehost : 91.7 37.0 29.2 - 36.8

            shows the response time in milliseconds for each of the five requests, with the "-"
            indicating that no response was received to the fourth request.

       -d   Use DNS to lookup address of return ping packet. This allows you to give fping a list
            of IP addresses as input and print hostnames in the output.

       -D   Add Unix timestamps in front of output lines generated with in looping or counting
            modes (-l, -c, or -C).

       -e   Show elapsed (round-trip) time of packets.

       -f   Read list of targets from a file.  This option can only be used by the root user.
            Regular users should pipe in the file via stdin:

             % fping < targets_file

       -g addr/mask
            Generate a target list from a supplied IP netmask, or a starting and ending IP.
            Specify the netmask or start/end in the targets portion of the command line. If a
            network with netmask is given, the network and broadcast addresses will be excluded.
            ex. To ping the network 192.168.1.0/24, the specified command line could look like
            either:

             fping -g 192.168.1.0/24

            or

             fping -g 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.254

       -h   Print usage message.

       -i n The minimum amount of time (in milliseconds) between sending a ping packet to any
            target (default is 25).

       -l   Loop sending packets to each target indefinitely. Can be interrupted with Ctrl-C;
            statistics about responses for each target are then displayed.

       -m   Send pings to each of a target host's multiple interfaces.

       -n   Same as -d.

       -p <n>
            In looping or counting modes (-l, -c, or -C), this parameter sets the time in
            milliseconds that fping waits between successive packets to an individual target.
            Default is 1000.

       -q   Quiet. Don't show per-probe results, but only the final summary. Also don't show ICMP
            error messages.

       -Q n Like -q, but show summary results every n seconds.

       -r n Retry limit (default 3). This is the number of times an attempt at pinging a target
            will be made, not including the first try.

       -R   Instead of using all-zeros as the packet data, generate random bytes.  Use to defeat,
            e.g., link data compression.

       -s   Print cumulative statistics upon exit.

       -S addr
            Set source address.

       -I if
            Set the interface (requires SO_BINDTODEVICE support)

       -t n Initial target timeout in milliseconds (default 500). In the default mode, this is
            the amount of time that fping waits for a response to its first request.  Successive
            timeouts are multiplied by the backoff factor specified with -B.  Note that this
            option has no effect looping or counting modes (-l, -c, or -C).

       -T n Ignored (for compatibility with fping 2.4).

       -u   Show targets that are unreachable.

       -O n Set the typ of service flag (TOS). n can be either decimal or hexadecimal (0xh)
            format.

       -v   Print fping version information.

       -H n Set the IP TTL field (time to live hops).

EXAMPLES

       Generate ~1000 pings per second to a host until canceled, printing statistics on the fly
       at one second intervals, and printing statistics at the end:

       # fping -s -l -i 1 -p 1 -T 1 -Q 1 127.0.0.1

       Note that ping intervals less than 10ms can only be used as root.

AUTHORS

       •   Roland J. Schemers III, Stanford University, concept and versions 1.x

       •   RL "Bob" Morgan, Stanford University, versions 2.x

       •   David Papp, versions 2.3x and up

       •   David Schweikert, versions 3.0 and up

       fping website: <http://www.fping.org>

DIAGNOSTICS

       Exit status is 0 if all the hosts are reachable, 1 if some hosts were unreachable, 2 if
       any IP addresses were not found, 3 for invalid command line arguments, and 4 for a system
       call failure.

RESTRICTIONS

       If certain options are used (i.e, a low value for -i and -t, and a high value for -r) it
       is possible to flood the network. This program must be installed as setuid root in order
       to open up a raw socket, or must be run by root. In order to stop mere mortals from hosing
       the network, normal users can't specify the following:

       •   -i n, where n < 10 msec

       •   -r n, where n > 20

       •   -t n, where n < 250 msec

SEE ALSO

       ping(8)