xenial (8) ss.8.gz

Provided by: iproute2_4.3.0-1ubuntu3.16.04.5_amd64 bug

NAME

       ss - another utility to investigate sockets

SYNOPSIS

       ss [options] [ FILTER ]

DESCRIPTION

       ss  is  used to dump socket statistics. It allows showing information similar to netstat.  It can display
       more TCP and state informations than other tools.

OPTIONS

       When no option is used ss displays a list of open non-listening sockets  (e.g.  TCP/UNIX/UDP)  that  have
       established connection.

       -h, --help
              Show summary of options.

       -V, --version
              Output version information.

       -n, --numeric
              Do not try to resolve service names.

       -r, --resolve
              Try to resolve numeric address/ports.

       -a, --all
              Display both listening and non-listening (for TCP this means established connections) sockets.

       -l, --listening
              Display only listening sockets (these are omitted by default).

       -o, --options
              Show timer information.

       -e, --extended
              Show detailed socket information

       -m, --memory
              Show socket memory usage.

       -p, --processes
              Show process using socket.

       -i, --info
              Show internal TCP information.

       -s, --summary
              Print  summary  statistics. This option does not parse socket lists obtaining summary from various
              sources. It is useful when amount of sockets is so huge that parsing /proc/net/tcp is painful.

       -Z, --context
              As the -p option but also shows process security context.

              For netlink(7) sockets the initiating process context is displayed as follows:

                     1.  If valid pid show the process context.

                     2.  If destination is kernel (pid = 0) show kernel initial context.

                     3.  If a unique identifier has been allocated by the kernel or netlink user,  show  context
                         as "unavailable". This will generally indicate that a process has more than one netlink
                         socket active.

       -z, --contexts
              As the -Z option but also shows  the  socket  context.  The  socket  context  is  taken  from  the
              associated  inode  and  is not the actual socket context held by the kernel. Sockets are typically
              labeled with the context of the creating process, however  the  context  shown  will  reflect  any
              policy role, type and/or range transition rules applied, and is therefore a useful reference.

       -N NSNAME, --net=NSNAME
              Switch to the specified network namespace name.

       -b, --bpf
              Show socket BPF filters (only administrators are allowed to get these information).

       -4, --ipv4
              Display only IP version 4 sockets (alias for -f inet).

       -6, --ipv6
              Display only IP version 6 sockets (alias for -f inet6).

       -0, --packet
              Display PACKET sockets (alias for -f link).

       -t, --tcp
              Display TCP sockets.

       -u, --udp
              Display UDP sockets.

       -d, --dccp
              Display DCCP sockets.

       -w, --raw
              Display RAW sockets.

       -x, --unix
              Display Unix domain sockets (alias for -f unix).

       -f FAMILY, --family=FAMILY
              Display  sockets  of  type  FAMILY.   Currently  the following families are supported: unix, inet,
              inet6, link, netlink.

       -A QUERY, --query=QUERY, --socket=QUERY
              List of socket tables to dump, separated by commas. The following identifiers are understood: all,
              inet,  tcp,  udp, raw, unix, packet, netlink, unix_dgram, unix_stream, unix_seqpacket, packet_raw,
              packet_dgram.

       -D FILE, --diag=FILE
              Do not display anything, just dump raw information  about  TCP  sockets  to  FILE  after  applying
              filters. If FILE is - stdout is used.

       -F FILE, --filter=FILE
              Read  filter  information  from  FILE.   Each line of FILE is interpreted like single command line
              option. If FILE is - stdin is used.

       FILTER := [ state STATE-FILTER ] [ EXPRESSION ]
              Please take a look  at  the  official  documentation  (Debian  package  iproute-doc)  for  details
              regarding filters.

STATE-FILTER

       STATE-FILTER  allows  to  construct  arbitrary set of states to match. Its syntax is sequence of keywords
       state and exclude followed by identifier of state.

       Available identifiers are:

              All standard TCP states:  established,  syn-sent,  syn-recv,  fin-wait-1,  fin-wait-2,  time-wait,
              closed, close-wait, last-ack, listen and closing.

              all - for all the states

              connected - all the states except for listen and closed

              synchronized - all the connected states except for syn-sent

              bucket - states, which are maintained as minisockets, i.e.  time-wait and syn-recv

              big - opposite to bucket

USAGE EXAMPLES

       ss -t -a
              Display all TCP sockets.

       ss -t -a -Z
              Display all TCP sockets with process SELinux security contexts.

       ss -u -a
              Display all UDP sockets.

       ss -o state established '( dport = :ssh or sport = :ssh )'
              Display all established ssh connections.

       ss -x src /tmp/.X11-unix/*
              Find all local processes connected to X server.

       ss -o state fin-wait-1 '( sport = :http or sport = :https )' dst 193.233.7/24
              List  all  the  tcp sockets in state FIN-WAIT-1 for our apache to network 193.233.7/24 and look at
              their timers.

SEE ALSO

       ip(8), /usr/share/doc/iproute-doc/ss.html (package iproutedoc),
       RFC 793 - https://tools.ietf.org/rfc/rfc793.txt (TCP states)

AUTHOR

       ss was written by Alexey Kuznetsov, <kuznet@ms2.inr.ac.ru>.

       This manual page was written by Michael Prokop <mika@grml.org> for the Debian project (but may be used by
       others).

                                                                                                           SS(8)