Provided by: optipng_0.7.6-1ubuntu0.16.04.1_amd64 bug

NAME

       OptiPNG - Optimize Portable Network Graphics files

SYNOPSIS

       optipng [-? | -h | -help]
       optipng [options...] files...

DESCRIPTION

       The  OptiPNG  program  shall  attempt  to  optimize PNG files, i.e. reduce their size to a
       minimum, without losing semantic information. In addition, this program  shall  perform  a
       suite  of  auxiliary  functions like integrity checks, metadata recovery and pixmap-to-PNG
       conversion.

       The optimization attempts are not guaranteed to succeed. Valid PNG files  that  cannot  be
       optimized by this program are normally left intact; their size will not grow. The user may
       request to override this default behavior.

FILES

       The input files are raster image files encoded either in PNG format (the  native  format),
       or  in  an external format. The currently supported external formats are GIF, BMP, PNM and
       TIFF.

       OptiPNG processes each image file given in the command line as follows:

       - If the image is in PNG format:

              Attempts to optimize the given file in-place. If optimization is successful, or  if
              the  option  -force  is  enabled,  replaces  the  original  file with its optimized
              version. The original file is backed up if the option -keep is enabled.

       - If the image is in an external format:

              Creates an optimized PNG version of  the  given  file.  The  output  file  name  is
              composed from the original file name and the .png extension.

       Existing files are not overwritten, unless the option -clobber is enabled.

OPTIONS

   General options
       -?, -h, -help
              Show a complete summary of options.

       -backup, -keep
              Keep a backup of the modified files.

       -clobber
              Overwrite the existing output and backup files.
              Under  this  option,  if  the option -backup is not enabled, the old backups of the
              overwritten files are deleted.

       -dir directory
              Write the output files to directory.

       -fix   Enable error recovery. This option has no effect on valid input files.
              The program will spend a reasonable amount of effort to recover  as  much  data  as
              possible,  without  increasing  the  output  file  size,  but the success cannot be
              generally guaranteed. The program  may  even  increase  the  file  size,  e.g.,  by
              reconstructing  missing  critical  data.  Under  this  option, integrity shall take
              precedence over file size.
              When this option is not used, the invalid input files are left unprocessed.

       -force Enforce writing of a new output file.
              This option overrides the program's decision not to write such file, e.g. when  the
              PNG  input  is digitally signed (using dSIG), or when the PNG output becomes larger
              than the PNG input.

       -log file
              Log messages to file.  For safety reasons, file must have the extension .log.
              This option is deprecated and will be removed eventually. Use shell redirection.

       -out file
              Write output file to file.  The command line must contain exactly one input file.

       -preserve
              Preserve file attributes (time stamps, file access rights, etc.) where applicable.

       -quiet, -silent
              Run in quiet mode.
              The messages are still written to the log file if the option -log is enabled.

       -simulate
              Run in simulation mode: perform the trials, but do not create output files.

       -v     Enable the options -verbose and -version.

       -verbose
              Run in verbose mode.

       -version
              Show copyright, version and build info.

       --     Stop option switch parsing.

   PNG encoding and optimization options
       -o level
              Select the optimization level.
              The optimization level 0 enables a set  of  optimization  operations  that  require
              minimal  effort.  There  will  be  no changes to image attributes like bit depth or
              color type, and no recompression of existing IDAT datastreams.
              The optimization level 1 enables a single IDAT compression trial. The trial  chosen
              is what OptiPNG thinks it's probably the most effective.
              The  optimization  levels 2 and higher enable multiple IDAT compression trials; the
              higher the level, the more trials.
              The behavior and the default value of  this  option  may  change  across  different
              program  versions. Use the option -h to see the details pertaining to your specific
              version.

       -f filters
              Select the PNG delta filters.
              The filters argument is specified as a  rangeset  (e.g.  -f0-5),  and  the  default
              filters value depends on the optimization level set by the option -o.
              The filter values 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 indicate static filtering, and correspond to the
              standard PNG filter codes (None, Left, Up, Average and  Paeth,  respectively).  The
              filter  value  5  indicates  adaptive  filtering,  whose  effect  is defined by the
              libpng(3) library used by OptiPNG.

       -full  Produce a full report on IDAT.  This option might slow down the trials.

       -i type
              Select the interlace type (0-1).
              If the interlace type 0 is selected, the output image shall be non-interlaced (i.e.
              progressive-scanned).  If  the interlace type 1 is selected, the output image shall
              be interlaced using the Adam7 method.
              By default, the output shall have the same interlace type as the input.

       -nb    Do not apply bit depth reduction.

       -nc    Do not apply color type reduction.

       -np    Do not apply palette reduction.

       -nx    Do not apply any lossless image reduction: enable the options -nb, -nc and -np.

       -nz    Do not recode IDAT datastreams.
              The IDAT optimization operations that do not  require  recoding  (e.g.  IDAT  chunk
              concatenation) are still performed.
              This option has effect on PNG input files only.

       -zc levels
              Select the zlib compression levels used in IDAT compression.
              The  levels  argument  is  specified  as  a rangeset (e.g. -zc6-9), and the default
              levels value depends on the optimization level set by the option -o.
              The effect of this option is defined by the zlib(3) library used by OptiPNG.

       -zm levels
              Select the zlib memory levels used in IDAT compression.
              The levels argument is specified as a  rangeset  (e.g.  -zm8-9),  and  the  default
              levels value depends on the optimization level set by the option -o.
              The effect of this option is defined by the zlib(3) library used by OptiPNG.

       -zs strategies
              Select the zlib compression strategies used in IDAT compression.
              The  strategies  argument is specified as a rangeset (e.g. -zs0-3), and the default
              strategies value depends on the optimization level set by the option -o.
              The effect of this option is defined by the zlib(3) library used by OptiPNG.

       -zw size
              Select the zlib window size (32k,16k,8k,4k,2k,1k,512,256) used in IDAT compression.
              The size argument can be specified either in bytes (e.g. 16384) or kilobytes  (e.g.
              16k).  The  default size value is set to the lowest window size that yields an IDAT
              output as big as if yielded by the value 32768.
              The effect of this option is defined by the zlib(3) library used by OptiPNG.

   Editing options
       -snip  Cut one image out of multi-image, animation or video files.
              Depending on the input format, this may be either the first or  the  most  relevant
              (e.g. the largest) image.

       -strip objects
              Strip metadata objects from a PNG file.
              PNG  metadata  is the information stored in any ancillary chunk except tRNS.  (tRNS
              represents the alpha channel, which, even if  ignored  in  rendering,  is  still  a
              proper image channel in the RGBA color space.)
              The only option currently supported is -strip all.

   Notes
       Options  may  come  in  any order (except for --), before, after, or alternating with file
       names. Option names are case-insensitive and may be abbreviated to their  shortest  unique
       prefix.

       Some  options  may  have arguments that follow the option name, separated by whitespace or
       the equal sign ('='). If the option argument is a number or a rangeset, the separator  may
       be omitted. For example:

              -out newfile.png  <=>  -out=newfile.png
              -o3  <=>  -o 3  <=>  -o=3
              -f0,3-5  <=>  -f 0,3-5  <=>  -f=0,3-5

       Rangeset arguments are cumulative; e.g.

              -f0 -f3-5  <=>  -f0,3-5
              -zs0 -zs1 -zs2-3  <=>  -zs0,1,2,3  <=>  -zs0-3

EXTENDED DESCRIPTION

       The PNG optimization algorithm consists of the following steps:

       1.  Reduce  the  bit  depth, the color type and the color palette of the image.  This step
           may reduce the size of the uncompressed image, which, indirectly, may reduce the  size
           of the compressed image (i.e. the size of the output PNG file).

       2.  Run  a  suite  of  compression  methods  and  strategies  and  select  the compression
           parameters that yield the smallest output file.

       3.  Store all IDAT contents into a single chunk,  eliminating  the  overhead  incurred  by
           repeated IDAT headers and CRCs.

       4.  Set the zlib window size inside IDAT to a minimum that does not affect the compression
           ratio, reducing the memory requirements of PNG decoders.

       Not all of the above steps need to be executed. The behavior depends on the  actual  input
       files and user options.

       Step  1  may  be customized via the no-reduce options -nb, -nc, -np and -nx. Step 2 may be
       customized via the -o option, and may be fine-tuned via the options -zc, -zm, -zs and -zw.
       Step 3 is always executed. Step 4 is executed only if a new IDAT is being created, and may
       be fine-tuned via the option -zw.

       Extremely exhaustive searches are not generally expected to yield significant improvements
       in compression ratio, and are recommended to advanced users only.

EXAMPLES

       optipng file.png      # default speed
       optipng -o5 file.png  # slow
       optipng -o7 file.png  # very slow

BUGS

       Lossless  image  reductions  are  not  completely  implemented.  (This does not affect the
       integrity of the output files.)  Here are the missing pieces:

              - The color palette reductions are implemented only partially.
              - The bit depth reductions below 8, for grayscale images, are not implemented yet.

       Encoding of images whose total IDAT size exceeds 2GB is not supported.

       TIFF support is limited to uncompressed, PNG-compatible (grayscale, RGB and RGBA) images.

       Metadata is not imported from the external image formats.

       There is no support for pipes, streams, extended file attributes or access control lists.

SEE ALSO

       png(5), libpng(3), zlib(3), pngcrush(1), pngrewrite(1).

STANDARDS

       The files produced by OptiPNG are compliant with PNG-2003:
       Glenn Randers-Pehrson et  al.   Portable  Network  Graphics  (PNG)  Specification,  Second
       Edition.
       W3C Recommendation 10 November 2003; ISO/IEC IS 15948:2003 (E).
       http://www.w3.org/TR/PNG/

AUTHOR

       OptiPNG is written and maintained by Cosmin Truta.

       This  manual  page was originally written by Nelson A. de Oliveira for the Debian Project.
       It was later updated by Cosmin Truta, and is now part of the OptiPNG distribution.