Provided by: pari-gp_2.7.5-1_amd64 bug

NAME

       gp - The PARI calculator

SYNOPSIS

       gp  [-s  stacksize]  [-p  primelimit]  [--emacs]  [-f|--fast]  [-q|--quiet]  [-D|--default
       key=val] [--help] [--test] [--texmacs] [--version] [--version-short] [ file1 file2 ...]

DESCRIPTION

       Invokes the PARI-GP calculator gp; gp is an advanced programmable calculator, specializing
       in  number  theory,  which  computes  symbolically  as long as possible, numerically where
       needed, and contains a wealth of arithmetic functions:  factorizations,  elliptic  curves,
       Galois  theory,  class field theory... Commands, written in the GP scripting language, are
       input interactively or loaded from files.

       If present at the end of the command line, files 'file1',  'file2',  ...   are  loaded  on
       startup; they must be written in the GP language.

OPTIONS

       Command  line  options  are  available  in  both  short form (-f) and POSIX-like (--fast).
       Numeric arguments can be followed by a modifier k , M or G at the user's  convenience;  in
       that case the argument is multiplied by 10^3, 10^6, or 10^9 respectively.

       -f, --fast
              Fast start (or factory settings). Do not read .gprc (see below) upon startup.

       -p limit
              [DEPRECATED]  Upon  startup,  gp  computes  a table of small primes used in number-
              theoretic applications. If primelimit is set, the table include primes up  to  that
              bound  instead  of  the default (= 500000). It is now mostly useless to change this
              value.

       -q, --quiet
              Quiet mode. Do not print headers or history numbers and do not say goodbye.

       -D, --default key=val
              performs default(key, val); on startup, overriding values from the gprc preferences
              file.  'val' must be a constant value and is not allowed to involve any computation
              (e.g. 1+1 is forbidden). Any number of such default-setting statements  may  appear
              on the command line.

       -s limit
              Size  of  gp  internal  stack  allocated  on startup. When gp runs out of space, it
              interrupts the current computation and raises a stack overflow exception.  If  this
              occurs  frequently, start with a bigger stack. The stack size can also be increased
              from within  gp,  using  default(parisize,limit);  it  may  be  convenient  to  set
              stacksize from your .gprc.  Note that computations with a smaller stack may be more
              efficient due to better data locality. Most  computations  should  need  less  than
              20MB.

       --emacs
              gp  can  be  run in an Emacs shell (see GP User's manual for details). This flag is
              then required for smooth interaction with the PariEmacs package  (pari.el).  It  is
              set automatically by the pari.el package, and will produce nice display oddities if
              you set it outside of an Emacs session.

       --help print a summary of available command-line options.

       --test run gp in test mode: suppress printing of history  numbers  and  wrap  long  output
              lines (to get readable diff output). For benches only.

       --texmacs
              gp  can  be  run  from  a  TeXmacs frontend. This flag is set by TeXmacs, to enable
              special purpose communication channels. Do not set it yourself.

       --version
              output version info (banner) then exit.

       --version-short
              output version number then exit.

USE

       ?      to get online help.

       ??     to get extended online help (more precisely, to call  the  external  help  program,
              gphelp by default)

       quit   (or \q), or EOF (Ctrl-D) to quit gp.

       The following works only when gp was linked with GNU readline library:

       arrow keys
              for editing and viewing the input history.

       TAB
               for automatic completion

MANUALS

       The  following  material  is  included  in  the  standard  distribution (originally in TeX
       format):

       The User's Guide to PARI/GP
              (users.dvi)

       The User's Guide to the PARI library
              (library.dvi)

       The Developer's Guide to the PARI library
              (develop.dvi)

       PARI/GP, a tutorial
              (tutorial.dvi)

       PARI/GP reference card
              (refcard.ps): 4 pages, based on an earlier version by Joseph H. Silverman.

FILES

       gp     main executable

       $HOME/.gprc
              (or $GPRC if set) user preference file, read at beginning of execution by  each  gp
              shell.  A  default  gprc  gprc.dft  is provided with the distribution. If this file
              cannot be found, /etc/gprc is checked instead.

       pari.log
              default logfile (can be changed in the gprc file or interactively using default() )

       pari.ps
              default psfile used for postscript output (as above)

       gphelp default external help program (as above)

       *.gp   GP programs

ENVIRONMENT

       $GPRC  place to look for the user's preference file (gprc); if the file does not exist, we
              then check in $HOME/.gprc, /etc/gprc, and finally for a file named 'gprc' in PARI's
              datadir.

       $GP_DATA_DIR
              directory containing data installed by optional PARI packages.   For  example,  the
              Galois  resolvents files in directory galdata/ needed by the polgalois function, in
              degrees 8 to 11; or the modular polynomials in seadata/ used by the ellap  function
              for  large  base  fields.  This  environment  variable  overrides PARI's 'datadir',
              defined at Configure time.

       $GP_POSTSCRIPT_VIEWER
              an application able to display PostScript files, used by the plotps graphic engine.
              This  engine  is  a  fallback  used  to output hi-res plots even when no compatible
              graphical library was available on your platform  at  Configure  time.  (Dumps  the
              graph to a temporary file, then open the file.)

       $GPHELP
              name of the external help program invoked by ?? and ??? shortcuts.

       $GPTMPDIR
              name of the directory where temporary files will be generated.

HOME PAGE

       PARI's home page resides at
              http://pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr/

MAILING LISTS

       There  are  a  number  of  mailing lists devoted to the PARI/GP package, and most feedback
       should be directed to those. See
              http://pari.math.u-bordeaux1.fr/lists-index.html
       for details. The most important ones are:

       - pari-announce (moderated): for us to announce major version changes.

       - pari-dev: for everything related to the  development  of  PARI,  including  suggestions,
       technical questions, bug reports or patch submissions.

       - pari-users: for discuss about everything else, in particular ask for help.

       To  subscribe,  send  empty  messages  with  a  Subject:  containing  the word "subscribe"
       respectively to

          pari-announce-request@pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr

          pari-users-request@pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr

          pari-dev-request@pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr

BUG REPORTS

       Bugs should be submitted online to our Bug Tracking System,  available  from  PARI's  home
       page, or directly from the URL
              http://pari.math.u-bordeaux.fr/Bugs/
       Further instructions can be found on that page.

TRIVIA

       Despite  the  leading  G,  GP has nothing to do with GNU. The first version was originally
       called GPC, for Great Programmable  Calculator.  For  some  reason,  the  trailing  C  was
       eventually dropped.

       PARI  has  nothing  to  do  with the French capital. The name is a pun about the project's
       early stages when the authors started to implement a library for  "Pascal  ARIthmetic"  in
       the PASCAL programming language. They quickly switched to C.

       For  the  benefit  of  non-native French speakers, here's a slightly expanded explanation:
       Blaise Pascal (1623-1662) was a famous French mathematician and philosopher who was one of
       the  founders  of  probability and devised one of the first "arithmetic machines". He once
       proposed the following "proof" of the existence of God for  the  unbelievers:  whether  He
       exists  or  not  I lose nothing by believing in Him, whereas if He does and I misbehave...
       This is the so-called "pari de Pascal" (Pascal's Wager).

       Note that PARI also means "fairy" in Persian.

AUTHORS

       PARI was originally written by Christian  Batut,  Dominique  Bernardi,  Henri  Cohen,  and
       Michel  Olivier  in Laboratoire A2X (Universite Bordeaux I, France), and was maintained by
       Henri Cohen up to version 1.39.15 (1995), and by Karim Belabas since then.

       A great number of people have contributed to the successive improvements which  eventually
       resulted in the present version. See the AUTHORS file in the distribution.

SEE ALSO

       gap(1), gphelp(1), perl(1), readline(3), sage(1), tex(1), texmacs(1),

COPYING

       This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of
       the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation.

       This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY  WARRANTY;
       without  even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
       See the GNU General Public License for more details.

       You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program;
       if  not,  write  to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139,
       USA.

                                        25 September 2013                                   GP(1)