NAME

       Lemonldap::NG::Handler - The Apache protection module part of Lemonldap::NG Web-SSO
       system.

SYNOPSIS

   Configure Apache
       Call Handler in /apache-dir/conf/httpd.conf:

         # Load your package
         PerlRequire /My/File
         # TOTAL PROTECTION
         PerlHeaderParserHandler Lemonldap::NG::Handler::DefaultHandler
         # OR SELECTED AREA
         <Location /protected-area>
           PerlHeaderParserHandler Lemonldap::NG::Handler::DefaultHandler
         </Location>

       The configuration is loaded only at Apache start. Create an URI to force configuration
       reload, so you don't need to restart Apache at each change:

         # /apache-dir/conf/httpd.conf
         <Location /location/that/I/ve/choosed>
           Order deny,allow
           Deny from all
           Allow from my.manager.com
           PerlHeaderParserHandler Lemonldap::NG::Handler::DefaultHandler->refresh
         </Location>

       To display the status page, add something like this :

         <Location /status>
           Order deny,allow
           Allow from 10.1.1.0/24
           Deny from all
           PerlHeaderParserHandler Lemonldap::NG::Handler::DefaultHandler->status
         </Location>

DESCRIPTION

       Lemonldap::NG is a modular Web-SSO based on Apache::Session modules. It simplifies the
       build of a protected area with a few changes in the application.

       It manages both authentication and authorization and provides headers for accounting. So
       you can have a full AAA protection for your web space as described below.

       The Apache module part works both with Apache 1.3.x and 2.x ie mod_perl 1 and 2 but not
       with mod_perl 1.99.

   Authentication, Authorization, Accounting
       Authentication

       If a user isn't authenticated and attempts to connect to an area protected by a
       Lemonldap::NG compatible handler, he is redirected to a portal. The portal authenticates
       user with a ldap bind by default, but you can also use another authentication sheme like
       using x509 user certificates (see Lemonldap::NG::Portal::AuthSSL for more).

       Lemonldap::NG use session cookies generated by Apache::Session so as secure as a 128-bit
       random cookie. You may use the "securedCookie" options of Lemonldap::NG::Portal to avoid
       session hijacking.

       You have to manage life of sessions by yourself since Lemonldap::NG knows nothing about
       the Apache::Session module you've choosed, but it's very easy using a simple cron script
       because Lemonldap::NG::Portal stores the start time in the "_utime" field.  By default, a
       session stay 10 minutes in the local storage, so in the worth case, a user is authorized
       10 minutes after he lost his rights.

       Authorization

       Authorization is controled only by handlers because the portal knows nothing about the way
       the user will choose. When configuring your Web-SSO, you have to:

       •   choose the ldap attributes you want to use to manage accounting and authorization (see
           "exportedHeaders" parameter in Lemonldap::NG::Portal documentation).

       •   create Perl expressions to define user groups (using ldap attributes)

       •   create an array foreach virtual host associating URI regular expressions and Perl
           expressions to use to grant access.

       Example (See Lemonldap::NG::Manager to see how configuration is stored)

       Exported variables (values will be stored in session database by Lemonldap::NG::Portal):

         exportedVars => {
             cn            => "cn",
             departmentUID => "departmentUID",
             login         => "uid",
         },

       User groups (values will be stored in session database by Lemonldap::NG::Portal):

         groups => {
             group1 => '{ $departmentUID eq "unit1" or $login = "xavier.guimard" }',
             ...
         },

       Area protection:

         locationRules => {
             www1.domain.com => {
                 '^/protected/.*$' => '$groups =~ /\bgroup1\b/',
                 default           => 'accept',
             },
             www2.domain.com => {
                 '^/site/.*$' => '$uid eq "xavier.guimard" or $groups =~ /\bgroup2\b/',
                 '^/(js|css)' => 'accept',
                 default      => 'deny',
             },
         },

       Performance

       You can use Perl expressions as complicated as you want and you can use all the exported
       LDAP attributes (and create your own attributes: with 'macros' mechanism. See
       Lemonldap::NG::Manager) in groups evaluations, area protections or custom HTTP headers
       (you just have to call them with a "$").

       You have to be careful when choosing your expressions:

       •   "groups" and "macros" are evaluated each time a user is redirected to the portal,

       •   "locationRules" and "exportedheaders" are evaluated for each request on a protected
           area.

       It is also recommended to use the "groups" mechanism to avoid having to evaluate a long
       expression at each HTTP request:

         locationRules => {
             www1.domain.com => {
                 '^/protected/.*$' => '$groups =~ /\bgroup1\b/',
             },
         },

       You can also use LDAP filters, or Perl expression or mixed expressions in "groups"
       parameter. Perl expressions has to be enclosed with "{}":

       •   "group1 => '(|(uid=xavier.guimard)(ou=unit1))'"

       •   "group1 => '{$uid eq "xavier.guimard" or $ou eq "unit1"}'"

       •   "group1 => '(|(uid=xavier.guimard){$ou eq "unit1"})'"

       It is also recommended to use Perl expressions to avoid requiering the LDAP server more
       than 2 times per authentication.

       Accounting

       Logging portal access

       Lemonldap::NG::Portal doesn't log anything by default, but it's easy to overload "log"
       method for normal portal access or using "error" method to know what was wrong if
       "process" method has failed.

       Logging application access

       Because an handler knows nothing about the protected application, it can't do more than
       logging URL. As Apache does this fine, Lemonldap::NG::Handler gives it the name to used in
       logs. The "whatToTrace" parameters indicates which variable Apache has to use ($uid by
       default).

       The real accounting has to be done by the application itself which knows the result of SQL
       transaction for example.

       Lemonldap::NG can export HTTP headers either using a proxy or protecting directly the
       application. By default, the "Auth-User" field is used but you can change it using the
       "exportedHeaders" parameters (stored in the configuration database). This parameters
       contains an associative array per virtual host:

       •   keys are the names of the chosen headers

       •   values are Perl expressions where you can use user datas stored in the global store by
           calling them "$<varname>".

       Example:

         exportedHeaders => {
             www1.domain.com => {
                 'Auth-User' => '$uid',
                 'Unit'      => '$ou',
             },
             www2.domain.com => {
                 'Authorization' => '"Basic ".encode_base64($employeeNumber.":dummy")',
                 'Remote-IP'     => '$ip',
             },
         }

   Session storage systems
       Lemonldap::NG use 3 levels of cache for authenticated users:

       •   an Apache::Session::* module choosed with the "globalStorage" parameter (completed
           with "globalStorageOptions") and used by lemonldap::NG::Portal to store authenticated
           user parameters,

       •   a Cache::Cache module choosed with the "localSessionStorage" parameter (completed with
           "localSessionStorageOptions") and used to share authenticated users between Apache's
           threads or processus and of course between virtual hosts,

       •   Lemonldap::NG::Handler variables: if the same user use the same thread or processus a
           second time, no request are needed to grant or refuse access.  This is very efficient
           with HTTP/1.1 Keep-Alive system.

       So the number of request to the central storage is limited to 1 per active user each 10
       minutes.

       Lemonldap::NG is very fast, but you can increase performance using a Cache::Cache module
       that does not use disk access.

   Logout system
       Lemonldap::NG provides a single logout system: you can use it by adding a link to the
       portal with "logout=1" parameter in the portal (See Lemonldap::NG::Portal) and/or by
       configuring handler to intercept some URL (See Sinopsys). The logout system:

       •   delete session in the global session storage,

       •   replace Lemonldap::NG cookie by '',

       •   delete handler caches only if logout action was started from a protected application
           and only in the current Apache server. So in other servers, session is still in cache
           for 10 minutes maximum if the user was connected on it in the last 10 minutes.

       You can also configure rules in the Manager interface to intercept logout URL.  See
       Lemonldap::NG::Manager and Lemonldap::NG::Handler for more.

USING LEMONLDAP::NG::HANDLER FOR DEVELOPMENT

       Lemonldap::NG::Handler provides different modules:

       •   Lemonldap::NG::Handler::CGI: if you have only a few Perl CGI to protect, you can use
           this module in your CGI instead of protecting it under
           Lemonldap::NG::Handler::SharedConf.

       •   Lemonldap::NG::Handler::Proxy: this module isn't used to manage security but is
           written to create a reverse-proxy without using mod_proxy. In some case, mod_proxy
           does not manage correctly some redirections, that is why this module still exists.

       All those modules are compatible both with Apache and mod_perl version 1 and 2, but NOT
       with mod_perl 1.99. If you use Linux distributions like Debian Sarge who provide mod_perl
       1.99 for Apache2, you have to use Apache-1.3 or to download a mod_perl2 backport.

SEE ALSO

       Lemonldap::NG::Handler::DefaultHandler, Lemonldap::NG::Portal, Lemonldap::NG::Manager,
       <http://lemonldap-ng.org/>

AUTHOR

       Clement Oudot, <clem.oudot@gmail.com>
       François-Xavier Deltombe, <fxdeltombe@gmail.com.>
       Xavier Guimard, <x.guimard@free.fr>

BUG REPORT

       Use OW2 system to report bug or ask for features: <http://jira.ow2.org>

DOWNLOAD

       Lemonldap::NG is available at
       <http://forge.objectweb.org/project/showfiles.php?group_id=274>

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

       Copyright (C) 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2012 by Xavier Guimard, <x.guimard@free.fr>
       Copyright (C) 2012 by François-Xavier Deltombe, <fxdeltombe@gmail.com.>
       Copyright (C) 2006, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012 by Clement Oudot, <clem.oudot@gmail.com>

       This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of
       the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
       version 2, or (at your option) any later version.

       This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY;
       without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
       See the GNU General Public License for more details.

       You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program.
       If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.