NAME

       Net::Duo::Object - Helper base class for Duo objects

SYNOPSIS

           package Net::Duo::Admin::Token 1.00;

           use parent qw(Net::Duo::Object);

           sub fields {
               return {
                   token_id => 'simple',
                   type     => 'simple',
                   serial   => 'simple',
                   users    => 'Net::Duo::Admin::User',
               };
           }

           Net::Duo::Admin::Token->install_accessors;

REQUIREMENTS

       Perl 5.14 or later and the modules HTTP::Request and HTTP::Response (part of
       HTTP::Message), JSON, LWP (also known as libwww-perl), Perl6::Slurp, Sub::Install, and
       URI::Escape (part of URI), all of which are available from CPAN.

DESCRIPTION

       The Duo API contains a variety of objects, represented as JSON objects with multiple
       fields.  This objects often embed other objects inside them.  To provide a nice Perl API
       with getters, setters, and commit and delete methods on individual objects, we want to
       wrap these Duo REST API objects in Perl classes.

       This module serves as a base class for such objects and does the dirty work of
       constructing an object from decoded JSON data and building the accessors automatically
       from a field specification.

       This class should normally be considered an internal implementation detail of the Net::Duo
       API.  Only developers of the Net::Duo modules should need to worry about it.  Callers can
       use other Net::Duo API objects without knowing anything about how this class works.

FIELD SPECIFICATION

       Any class that wants to use Net::Duo::Object to construct itself must provide a field
       specification.  This is a data structure that describes all the data fields in that
       object.  It is used by the generic Net::Duo::Object constructor to build the Perl data
       structure for an object, and by the install_accessors() class method to create the
       accessors for the class.

       The client class must provide a class method named _fields() that returns a reference to a
       hash.  The keys of the hash are the field names of the data stored in an object of that
       class.  The values specify the type of data stored in that field.  Each value may be
       either a simple string or a reference to an array, in which case the first value is the
       type and the remaining values are flags.  The types must be chosen from the following:

       "array"
           An array of simple text, number, or boolean values.

       "simple"
           A simple text, number, or boolean field,

       class
           The name of a class.  This field should then contain an array of zero or more
           instances of that class, and the constructor for that class will be called with the
           resulting structures.

       The flags must be chosen from the following:

       "boolean"
           This is a boolean field.  Convert all values to "true" or "false" before sending the
           data to Duo.  Only makes sense with a field of type "simple".

       "set"
           Generate a setter for this field.  install_accessors() will, in addition to adding a
           method to retrieve the value, will add a method named after the field but prefixed
           with "set_" that will set the value of that field and remember that it's been changed
           locally.  Changed fields will then be pushed back to Duo via the commit() method.

       "zero_or_one"
           This is a boolean field that wants values of 0 or 1.  Convert all values to 1 or 0
           before sending the data to Duo.  Only makes sense with a field of type "simple".

CLASS METHODS

       create(DUO, URI, DATA)
           A general constructor for creating a new object in Duo.  Takes a Net::Duo object, the
           URI of the REST endpoint for object creation, and a reference to a hash of object
           data.  This method should be overridden by subclasses to provide the URI and only
           expose the DUO and DATA arguments to the caller.  Returns the newly-blessed object
           containing the data returned by Duo.

       install_accessors()
           Using the field specification, creates accessor functions for each data field that
           return copies of the data stored in that field, or undef if there is no data.

       new(DUO, DATA)
           A general constructor for Net::Duo objects.  Takes a Net::Duo object and a reference
           to a hash, which contains the data for an object of the class being constructed.
           Using the field specification for that class, the data will be copied out of the
           object into a Perl data structure, converting nested objects to other Net::Duo objects
           as required.

INSTANCE METHODS

       commit(URI)
           A general method for committing changes to an object to Duo.  Takes the URI of the
           REST endpoint for object modification.  This method should be overridden by subclasses
           to provide the URI and only expose an argument-less method.

           After commit(), the internal representation of the object will be refreshed to match
           the new data returned by the Duo API for that object.  Therefore, other fields of the
           object may change after commit() if some other user has changed other, unrelated
           fields in the object.

           It's best to think of this method as a synchronize operation: changed data is written
           back, overwriting what's in Duo, and unchanged data may be overwritten by whatever is
           currently in Duo, if it is different.

       json()
           Convert the data stored in the object to JSON and return the results.  The resulting
           JSON should match the JSON that one would get back from the Duo web service when
           retrieving the same object (plus any changes made locally to the object via set_*()
           methods).  This is primarily intended for debugging dumps or for passing Duo objects
           to other systems via further JSON APIs.

AUTHOR

       Russ Allbery <rra@cpan.org>

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

       Copyright 2015 Russ Allbery <rra@cpan.org>

       Copyright 2014 The Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University

       Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this
       software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software
       without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
       publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons
       to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

       The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or
       substantial portions of the Software.

       THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
       INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
       PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE
       FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
       OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
       DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

SEE ALSO

       Net::Duo

       This module is part of the Net::Duo distribution.  The current version of Net::Duo is
       available from CPAN, or directly from its web site at
       <http://www.eyrie.org/~eagle/software/net-duo/>.