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NAME

       M-text - M-text objects and API for them.

   Typedefs
       typedef struct MText MText
           Type of M-texts.

   Enumerations
       enum MTextFormat { MTEXT_FORMAT_US_ASCII, MTEXT_FORMAT_UTF_8, MTEXT_FORMAT_UTF_16LE,
           MTEXT_FORMAT_UTF_16BE, MTEXT_FORMAT_UTF_32LE, MTEXT_FORMAT_UTF_32BE, MTEXT_FORMAT_MAX
           }
           Enumeration for specifying the format of an M-text.
       enum MTextLineBreakOption { MTEXT_LBO_SP_CM =  1, MTEXT_LBO_KOREAN_SP =  2,
           MTEXT_LBO_AI_AS_ID =  4, MTEXT_LBO_MAX }
           Enumeration for specifying a set of line breaking option.

   Functions
       int mtext_line_break (MText *mt, int pos, int option, int *after)
           Find a linebreak postion of an M-text.
       MText * mtext ()
           Allocate a new M-text.
       MText * mtext_from_data (const void *data, int nitems, enum MTextFormat format)
           Allocate a new M-text with specified data.
       void * mtext_data (MText *mt, enum MTextFormat *fmt, int *nunits, int *pos_idx, int
           *unit_idx)
           Get information about the text data in M-text.
       int mtext_len (MText *mt)
           Number of characters in M-text.
       int mtext_ref_char (MText *mt, int pos)
           Return the character at the specified position in an M-text.
       int mtext_set_char (MText *mt, int pos, int c)
           Store a character into an M-text.
       MText * mtext_cat_char (MText *mt, int c)
           Append a character to an M-text.
       MText * mtext_dup (MText *mt)
           Create a copy of an M-text.
       MText * mtext_cat (MText *mt1, MText *mt2)
           Append an M-text to another.
       MText * mtext_ncat (MText *mt1, MText *mt2, int n)
           Append a part of an M-text to another.
       MText * mtext_cpy (MText *mt1, MText *mt2)
           Copy an M-text to another.
       MText * mtext_ncpy (MText *mt1, MText *mt2, int n)
           Copy the first some characters in an M-text to another.
       MText * mtext_duplicate (MText *mt, int from, int to)
           Create a new M-text from a part of an existing M-text.
       MText * mtext_copy (MText *mt1, int pos, MText *mt2, int from, int to)
           Copy characters in the specified range into an M-text.
       int mtext_del (MText *mt, int from, int to)
           Delete characters in the specified range destructively.
       int mtext_ins (MText *mt1, int pos, MText *mt2)
           Insert an M-text into another M-text.
       int mtext_insert (MText *mt1, int pos, MText *mt2, int from, int to)
           Insert sub-text of an M-text into another M-text.
       int mtext_ins_char (MText *mt, int pos, int c, int n)
           Insert a character into an M-text.
       int mtext_replace (MText *mt1, int from1, int to1, MText *mt2, int from2, int to2)
           Replace sub-text of M-text with another.
       int mtext_character (MText *mt, int from, int to, int c)
           Search a character in an M-text.
       int mtext_chr (MText *mt, int c)
           Return the position of the first occurrence of a character in an M-text.
       int mtext_rchr (MText *mt, int c)
           Return the position of the last occurrence of a character in an M-text.
       int mtext_cmp (MText *mt1, MText *mt2)
           Compare two M-texts character-by-character.
       int mtext_ncmp (MText *mt1, MText *mt2, int n)
           Compare initial parts of two M-texts character-by-character.
       int mtext_compare (MText *mt1, int from1, int to1, MText *mt2, int from2, int to2)
           Compare specified regions of two M-texts.
       int mtext_spn (MText *mt, MText *accept)
           Search an M-text for a set of characters.
       int mtext_cspn (MText *mt, MText *reject)
           Search an M-text for the complement of a set of characters.
       int mtext_pbrk (MText *mt, MText *accept)
           Search an M-text for any of a set of characters.
       MText * mtext_tok (MText *mt, MText *delim, int *pos)
           Look for a token in an M-text.
       int mtext_text (MText *mt1, int pos, MText *mt2)
           Locate an M-text in another.
       int mtext_search (MText *mt1, int from, int to, MText *mt2)
           Locate an M-text in a specific range of another.
       int mtext_casecmp (MText *mt1, MText *mt2)
           Compare two M-texts ignoring cases.
       int mtext_ncasecmp (MText *mt1, MText *mt2, int n)
           Compare initial parts of two M-texts ignoring cases.
       int mtext_case_compare (MText *mt1, int from1, int to1, MText *mt2, int from2, int to2)
           Compare specified regions of two M-texts ignoring cases.
       int mtext_lowercase (MText *mt)
           Lowercase an M-text.
       int mtext_titlecase (MText *mt)
           Titlecase an M-text.
       int mtext_uppercase (MText *mt)
           Uppercase an M-text.

   Variables
       MSymbol Mlanguage

   Variables: Default Endian of UTF-16 and UTF-32
       enum MTextFormat MTEXT_FORMAT_UTF_16
           Variable of value MTEXT_FORMAT_UTF_16LE or MTEXT_FORMAT_UTF_16BE.
       const int MTEXT_FORMAT_UTF_32
           Variable of value MTEXT_FORMAT_UTF_32LE or MTEXT_FORMAT_UTF_32BE.

Detailed Description

       M-text objects and API for them.

       In the m17n library, text is represented as an object called M-text rather than as a
       C-string (char * or unsigned char *). An M-text is a sequence of characters whose length
       is equals to or more than 0, and can be coined from various character sources, e.g.
       C-strings, files, character codes, etc.

       M-texts are more useful than C-strings in the following points.

       • M-texts can handle mixture of characters of various scripts, including all Unicode
         characters and more. This is an indispensable facility when handling multilingual text.
       • Each character in an M-text can have properties called text properties. Text properties
         store various kinds of information attached to parts of an M-text to provide application
         programs with a unified view of those information. As rich information can be stored in
         M-texts in the form of text properties, functions in application programs can be simple.
       In addition, the library provides many functions to manipulate an M-text just the same way
       as a C-string.

Typedef Documentation

   typedef struct MText MText
       Type of M-texts. The type MText is for an M-text object. Its internal structure is
       concealed from application programs.

Enumeration Type Documentation

   enum MTextFormat
       Enumeration for specifying the format of an M-text. The enum MTextFormat is used as an
       argument of the mtext_from_data() function to specify the format of data from which an
       M-text is created.
       Enumerator:
       MTEXT_FORMAT_US_ASCII
              US-ASCII encoding
       MTEXT_FORMAT_UTF_8
              UTF-8 encoding
       MTEXT_FORMAT_UTF_16LE
              UTF-16LE encoding
       MTEXT_FORMAT_UTF_16BE
              UTF-16BE encoding
       MTEXT_FORMAT_UTF_32LE
              UTF-32LE encoding
       MTEXT_FORMAT_UTF_32BE
              UTF-32BE encoding
       MTEXT_FORMAT_MAX

   enum MTextLineBreakOption
       Enumeration for specifying a set of line breaking option. The enum MTextLineBreakOption is
       to control the line breaking algorithm of the function mtext_line_break() by specifying
       logical-or of the members in the arg option.
       Enumerator:
       MTEXT_LBO_SP_CM
              Specify the legacy support for space character as base for combining marks. See the
              section 8.3 of UAX#14.
       MTEXT_LBO_KOREAN_SP
              Specify to use space characters for line breaking Korean text.
       MTEXT_LBO_AI_AS_ID
              Specify to treat characters of ambiguous line-breaking class as of ideographic
              line-breaking class.
       MTEXT_LBO_MAX

Variable Documentation

   enum MTextFormat MTEXT_FORMAT_UTF_16
       Variable of value MTEXT_FORMAT_UTF_16LE or MTEXT_FORMAT_UTF_16BE. The global variable
       MTEXT_FORMAT_UTF_16 is initialized to MTEXT_FORMAT_UTF_16LE on a 'Little Endian' system
       (storing words with the least significant byte first), and to MTEXT_FORMAT_UTF_16BE on a
       'Big Endian' system (storing words with the most significant byte first).
       SEE ALSO
           mtext_from_data()
   const int MTEXT_FORMAT_UTF_32
       Variable of value MTEXT_FORMAT_UTF_32LE or MTEXT_FORMAT_UTF_32BE. The global variable
       MTEXT_FORMAT_UTF_32 is initialized to MTEXT_FORMAT_UTF_32LE on a 'Little Endian' system
       (storing words with the least significant byte first), and to MTEXT_FORMAT_UTF_32BE on a
       'Big Endian' system (storing words with the most significant byte first).
       SEE ALSO
           mtext_from_data()
   MSymbol Mlanguage The symbol whose name is 'language'.

Author

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COPYRIGHT

       Copyright (C) 2001 Information-technology Promotion Agency (IPA)
       Copyright (C) 2001-2011 National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
       (AIST)
       Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of
       the GNU Free Documentation License <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl.html>.