Ubuntu Manpage: blackhole6 - A tool to find IPv6 blackholes

NAME

       blackhole6 - A tool to find IPv6 blackholes

SYNOPSIS

       blackhole6 DESTINATION [PARAMETERS]

DESCRIPTION

blackhole6 is a tool to isolate IPv6 blackholes.

SCRIPTS

get-mx

This script takes no further arguments, and operates as follows:

+ The tool reads domain names from standard-input (oner per line),
and obtains the MX for the corresponding domain.

+ Lines where the first non-blank character is the numeral sign (#)
are consdered to contain comments, and hence are ignored.

+ The format of the resulting output is:

# DOMAIN_NAME (CANONIC_NAME)
MX_RECORD_1
MX_RECORD_2

get-ns

This script takes no further arguments, and operates as follows:

+ The tool reads domain names from standard-input (oner per line),
and obtains the NS records for the corresponding domain.

+ Lines where the first non-blank character is the numeral sign (#)
are consdered to contain comments, and hence are ignored.

+ The format of the resulting output is:

# DOMAIN_NAME (CANONIC_NAME)
MX_RECORD_1
MX_RECORD_2

trace-do8-tcp trace-do8-icmp trace-do256-tcp trace-do256-icmp

These scripts are meant to obtain information about where in the network packets employing
IPv6 Extension Headers are being dropped. They test the path with IPv6 packets containing
TCP or ICMPv6 payloads and a Destination Options Header of 8 or 256 bytes. Based on the
obtained results, the tool can infer what is the system causing the packet drops.

trace-hbh8-tcp trace-hbh8-icmp trace-hbh256-tcp trace-hbh256-icmp

These scripts are meant to obtain information about where in the network packets employing
IPv6 Extension Headers are being dropped. They test the path with IPv6 packets containing
TCP or ICMPv6 payloads and a Hop-by-Hop Options Header of 8 or 256 bytes. Based on the
obtained results, the tool can infer what is the system causing the packet drops.

trace-fh256-tcp trace-fh256-icmp

trace-do8-tcp-stdin trace-do8-icmp-stdin trace-do256-tcp-stdin trace-do256-icmp-stdin

trace-hbh8-tcp-stdin trace-hbh8-icmp-stdin trace-hbh256-tcp-stdin trace-hbh256-icmp-stdin

These scripts are meant to obtain information about where in the network packets employing
IPv6 Extension Headers are being dropped. They test the path with IPv6 packets containing
TCP or ICMPv6 payloads and a Hop-by-Hop Options Header of 8 or 256 bytes. Based on the
obtained results, the tool can infer what is the system causing the packet drops. These
tools read one IPv6 address per line form standard input and, for each of those addresses,
information is printed with the following syntax:

trace-fh256-tcp-stdin trace-fh256-icmp-stdin

These scripts are meant to obtain information about where in the network packets employing
IPv6 Extension Headers are being dropped. They test the path with IPv6 packets containing
TCP or ICMPv6 payloads resulting in IPv6 fragments of around 256 bytes. Based on the
obtained results, the tool can infer what is the system causing the packet drops. These
tools read one IPv6 address per line form standard input and, for each of those addresses,
information is printed with the following syntax:

-h, --help

Print help information for the scan6 tool.

EXAMPLES

The following sections illustrate typical use cases of the script6 tool.

Example #1

# scan6 -i eth0 -L -e -v

Perform host scanning on the local network ("-L" option) using interface "eth0" ("-i"
option). Use both ICMPv6 echo requests and unrecognized IPv6 options of type 10xxxxxx
(default). Print link-link layer addresses along with IPv6 addresses ("-e" option). Be
verbose ("-v" option).

Example #2

# scan6 -d 2001:db8::/64 --tgt-virtual-machines all --ipv4-host 10.10.10.0/24

Scan for virtual machines (both VirtualBox and vmware) in the prefix 2001:db8::/64. The
additional information about the IPv4 prefix employed by the host system is leveraged to
reduce the search space.

Example #3

# scan6 -d 2001:db8::/64 --tgt-ipv4-embedded ipv4-32 --ipv4-host 10.10.10.0/24

Scan for IPv6 addresses of the network 2001:db8::/64 that embed the IPv4 prefix
10.10.10.0/24 (with the 32-bit encoding).

Example #4

# scan6 -d 2001:db8:0-500:0-1000

Scan for IPv6 addresses of the network 2001:db8::/64, varying the two lowest order 16-bit
words of the addresses in the range 0-500 and 0-1000, respectively.

Example #5

# scan6 -d fc00::/64 --tgt-vendor 'Dell Inc' -p tcp

Scan for network devices manufactured by 'Dell Inc' in the target prefix fc00::/64. The
tool will employ TCP segments as the probe packets (rather than the default ICMPv6 echo
requests).

Example #6

# scan6 -i eth0 -L -S 66:55:44:33:22:11 -p unrec -P global -v

Use the "eth0" interface ("-i" option) to perform host-scanning on the local network ("-L"
option). The Ethernet Source Address is set to "66:55:44:33:22:11" ("-S" option). The
probe packets will be IPv6 packets with unrecognized options of type 10xxxxxx ("-p"
option). The tool will only print IPv6 global addresses ("-P" option). The tool will be
verbose.

Example #7

# scan6 -d 2001:db8::/64 -w KNOWN_IIDS

Perform an address scan of a set of known hosts listed in the file KNOWN_IIDS, at remote
network 2001:db8::/64. The target addresses are obtaining by concatenating the network
prefix 2001:db8::/64 with the interface IDs of each of the addresses fund in the file
KNOWN_IIDS.

Example #8

# scan6 -i eth0 -L -P global --print-unique -e

Use the "eth0" interface ("-i" option) to perform host-scanning on the local network ("-L"
option). Print only global unicast addresses ("-P" option), and at most one IPv6 address
per Ethernet address ("--print-unique" option). Ethernet addresses will be printed along
with the corresponiding IPv6 address ("-e" option).

Example #9

# scan6 -m knownprefixes.txt -w knowniids.txt -l -z 60 -t -v

Build the list of targets from the IPv6 prefixes contained in the file 'knownprefixes.txt'
and the Interface IDs (IIDs) contained in the file 'knowniids.txt'. Poll the targets
periodically ("-l" option), and sleep 60 seconds after each iteration ("-z" option). Print
a timestamp along the IPv6 address of each alive node ("-t" option). Be verbose ("-v"
option).

AUTHOR

       The script6 tool and the  corresponding  manual  pages  were  produced  by  Fernando  Gont
       <fgont@si6networks.com> for SI6 Networks <http://www.si6networks.com>.

COPYRIGHT

       Copyright (c) 2014-2015 Fernando Gont.

       Permission  is  granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of
       the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free
       Software  Foundation;  with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover
       Texts.  A copy of the license is available at <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl.html>.

                                                                                    BLACKHOLE6(1)