Provided by: ffmpeg_3.4.11-0ubuntu0.1_amd64 bug

NAME

       ffmpeg - ffmpeg video converter

SYNOPSIS

       ffmpeg [global_options] {[input_file_options] -i input_url} ... {[output_file_options]
       output_url} ...

DESCRIPTION

       ffmpeg is a very fast video and audio converter that can also grab from a live audio/video
       source. It can also convert between arbitrary sample rates and resize video on the fly
       with a high quality polyphase filter.

       ffmpeg reads from an arbitrary number of input "files" (which can be regular files, pipes,
       network streams, grabbing devices, etc.), specified by the "-i" option, and writes to an
       arbitrary number of output "files", which are specified by a plain output url. Anything
       found on the command line which cannot be interpreted as an option is considered to be an
       output url.

       Each input or output url can, in principle, contain any number of streams of different
       types (video/audio/subtitle/attachment/data). The allowed number and/or types of streams
       may be limited by the container format. Selecting which streams from which inputs will go
       into which output is either done automatically or with the "-map" option (see the Stream
       selection chapter).

       To refer to input files in options, you must use their indices (0-based). E.g.  the first
       input file is 0, the second is 1, etc. Similarly, streams within a file are referred to by
       their indices. E.g. "2:3" refers to the fourth stream in the third input file. Also see
       the Stream specifiers chapter.

       As a general rule, options are applied to the next specified file. Therefore, order is
       important, and you can have the same option on the command line multiple times. Each
       occurrence is then applied to the next input or output file.  Exceptions from this rule
       are the global options (e.g. verbosity level), which should be specified first.

       Do not mix input and output files -- first specify all input files, then all output files.
       Also do not mix options which belong to different files. All options apply ONLY to the
       next input or output file and are reset between files.

       •   To set the video bitrate of the output file to 64 kbit/s:

                   ffmpeg -i input.avi -b:v 64k -bufsize 64k output.avi

       •   To force the frame rate of the output file to 24 fps:

                   ffmpeg -i input.avi -r 24 output.avi

       •   To force the frame rate of the input file (valid for raw formats only) to 1 fps and
           the frame rate of the output file to 24 fps:

                   ffmpeg -r 1 -i input.m2v -r 24 output.avi

       The format option may be needed for raw input files.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

       The transcoding process in ffmpeg for each output can be described by the following
       diagram:

                _______              ______________
               |       |            |              |
               | input |  demuxer   | encoded data |   decoder
               | file  | ---------> | packets      | -----+
               |_______|            |______________|      |
                                                          v
                                                      _________
                                                     |         |
                                                     | decoded |
                                                     | frames  |
                                                     |_________|
                ________             ______________       |
               |        |           |              |      |
               | output | <-------- | encoded data | <----+
               | file   |   muxer   | packets      |   encoder
               |________|           |______________|

       ffmpeg calls the libavformat library (containing demuxers) to read input files and get
       packets containing encoded data from them. When there are multiple input files, ffmpeg
       tries to keep them synchronized by tracking lowest timestamp on any active input stream.

       Encoded packets are then passed to the decoder (unless streamcopy is selected for the
       stream, see further for a description). The decoder produces uncompressed frames (raw
       video/PCM audio/...) which can be processed further by filtering (see next section). After
       filtering, the frames are passed to the encoder, which encodes them and outputs encoded
       packets. Finally those are passed to the muxer, which writes the encoded packets to the
       output file.

   Filtering
       Before encoding, ffmpeg can process raw audio and video frames using filters from the
       libavfilter library. Several chained filters form a filter graph. ffmpeg distinguishes
       between two types of filtergraphs: simple and complex.

       Simple filtergraphs

       Simple filtergraphs are those that have exactly one input and output, both of the same
       type. In the above diagram they can be represented by simply inserting an additional step
       between decoding and encoding:

                _________                        ______________
               |         |                      |              |
               | decoded |                      | encoded data |
               | frames  |\                   _ | packets      |
               |_________| \                  /||______________|
                            \   __________   /
                 simple     _\||          | /  encoder
                 filtergraph   | filtered |/
                               | frames   |
                               |__________|

       Simple filtergraphs are configured with the per-stream -filter option (with -vf and -af
       aliases for video and audio respectively).  A simple filtergraph for video can look for
       example like this:

                _______        _____________        _______        ________
               |       |      |             |      |       |      |        |
               | input | ---> | deinterlace | ---> | scale | ---> | output |
               |_______|      |_____________|      |_______|      |________|

       Note that some filters change frame properties but not frame contents. E.g. the "fps"
       filter in the example above changes number of frames, but does not touch the frame
       contents. Another example is the "setpts" filter, which only sets timestamps and otherwise
       passes the frames unchanged.

       Complex filtergraphs

       Complex filtergraphs are those which cannot be described as simply a linear processing
       chain applied to one stream. This is the case, for example, when the graph has more than
       one input and/or output, or when output stream type is different from input. They can be
       represented with the following diagram:

                _________
               |         |
               | input 0 |\                    __________
               |_________| \                  |          |
                            \   _________    /| output 0 |
                             \ |         |  / |__________|
                _________     \| complex | /
               |         |     |         |/
               | input 1 |---->| filter  |\
               |_________|     |         | \   __________
                              /| graph   |  \ |          |
                             / |         |   \| output 1 |
                _________   /  |_________|    |__________|
               |         | /
               | input 2 |/
               |_________|

       Complex filtergraphs are configured with the -filter_complex option.  Note that this
       option is global, since a complex filtergraph, by its nature, cannot be unambiguously
       associated with a single stream or file.

       The -lavfi option is equivalent to -filter_complex.

       A trivial example of a complex filtergraph is the "overlay" filter, which has two video
       inputs and one video output, containing one video overlaid on top of the other. Its audio
       counterpart is the "amix" filter.

   Stream copy
       Stream copy is a mode selected by supplying the "copy" parameter to the -codec option. It
       makes ffmpeg omit the decoding and encoding step for the specified stream, so it does only
       demuxing and muxing. It is useful for changing the container format or modifying
       container-level metadata. The diagram above will, in this case, simplify to this:

                _______              ______________            ________
               |       |            |              |          |        |
               | input |  demuxer   | encoded data |  muxer   | output |
               | file  | ---------> | packets      | -------> | file   |
               |_______|            |______________|          |________|

       Since there is no decoding or encoding, it is very fast and there is no quality loss.
       However, it might not work in some cases because of many factors. Applying filters is
       obviously also impossible, since filters work on uncompressed data.

STREAM SELECTION

       By default, ffmpeg includes only one stream of each type (video, audio, subtitle) present
       in the input files and adds them to each output file.  It picks the "best" of each based
       upon the following criteria: for video, it is the stream with the highest resolution, for
       audio, it is the stream with the most channels, for subtitles, it is the first subtitle
       stream. In the case where several streams of the same type rate equally, the stream with
       the lowest index is chosen.

       You can disable some of those defaults by using the "-vn/-an/-sn/-dn" options. For full
       manual control, use the "-map" option, which disables the defaults just described.

OPTIONS

       All the numerical options, if not specified otherwise, accept a string representing a
       number as input, which may be followed by one of the SI unit prefixes, for example: 'K',
       'M', or 'G'.

       If 'i' is appended to the SI unit prefix, the complete prefix will be interpreted as a
       unit prefix for binary multiples, which are based on powers of 1024 instead of powers of
       1000. Appending 'B' to the SI unit prefix multiplies the value by 8. This allows using,
       for example: 'KB', 'MiB', 'G' and 'B' as number suffixes.

       Options which do not take arguments are boolean options, and set the corresponding value
       to true. They can be set to false by prefixing the option name with "no". For example
       using "-nofoo" will set the boolean option with name "foo" to false.

   Stream specifiers
       Some options are applied per-stream, e.g. bitrate or codec. Stream specifiers are used to
       precisely specify which stream(s) a given option belongs to.

       A stream specifier is a string generally appended to the option name and separated from it
       by a colon. E.g. "-codec:a:1 ac3" contains the "a:1" stream specifier, which matches the
       second audio stream. Therefore, it would select the ac3 codec for the second audio stream.

       A stream specifier can match several streams, so that the option is applied to all of
       them. E.g. the stream specifier in "-b:a 128k" matches all audio streams.

       An empty stream specifier matches all streams. For example, "-codec copy" or "-codec:
       copy" would copy all the streams without reencoding.

       Possible forms of stream specifiers are:

       stream_index
           Matches the stream with this index. E.g. "-threads:1 4" would set the thread count for
           the second stream to 4.

       stream_type[:stream_index]
           stream_type is one of following: 'v' or 'V' for video, 'a' for audio, 's' for
           subtitle, 'd' for data, and 't' for attachments. 'v' matches all video streams, 'V'
           only matches video streams which are not attached pictures, video thumbnails or cover
           arts.  If stream_index is given, then it matches stream number stream_index of this
           type. Otherwise, it matches all streams of this type.

       p:program_id[:stream_index]
           If stream_index is given, then it matches the stream with number stream_index in the
           program with the id program_id. Otherwise, it matches all streams in the program.

       #stream_id or i:stream_id
           Match the stream by stream id (e.g. PID in MPEG-TS container).

       m:key[:value]
           Matches streams with the metadata tag key having the specified value. If value is not
           given, matches streams that contain the given tag with any value.

       u   Matches streams with usable configuration, the codec must be defined and the essential
           information such as video dimension or audio sample rate must be present.

           Note that in ffmpeg, matching by metadata will only work properly for input files.

   Generic options
       These options are shared amongst the ff* tools.

       -L  Show license.

       -h, -?, -help, --help [arg]
           Show help. An optional parameter may be specified to print help about a specific item.
           If no argument is specified, only basic (non advanced) tool options are shown.

           Possible values of arg are:

           long
               Print advanced tool options in addition to the basic tool options.

           full
               Print complete list of options, including shared and private options for encoders,
               decoders, demuxers, muxers, filters, etc.

           decoder=decoder_name
               Print detailed information about the decoder named decoder_name. Use the -decoders
               option to get a list of all decoders.

           encoder=encoder_name
               Print detailed information about the encoder named encoder_name. Use the -encoders
               option to get a list of all encoders.

           demuxer=demuxer_name
               Print detailed information about the demuxer named demuxer_name. Use the -formats
               option to get a list of all demuxers and muxers.

           muxer=muxer_name
               Print detailed information about the muxer named muxer_name. Use the -formats
               option to get a list of all muxers and demuxers.

           filter=filter_name
               Print detailed information about the filter name filter_name. Use the -filters
               option to get a list of all filters.

       -version
           Show version.

       -formats
           Show available formats (including devices).

       -demuxers
           Show available demuxers.

       -muxers
           Show available muxers.

       -devices
           Show available devices.

       -codecs
           Show all codecs known to libavcodec.

           Note that the term 'codec' is used throughout this documentation as a shortcut for
           what is more correctly called a media bitstream format.

       -decoders
           Show available decoders.

       -encoders
           Show all available encoders.

       -bsfs
           Show available bitstream filters.

       -protocols
           Show available protocols.

       -filters
           Show available libavfilter filters.

       -pix_fmts
           Show available pixel formats.

       -sample_fmts
           Show available sample formats.

       -layouts
           Show channel names and standard channel layouts.

       -colors
           Show recognized color names.

       -sources device[,opt1=val1[,opt2=val2]...]
           Show autodetected sources of the input device.  Some devices may provide system-
           dependent source names that cannot be autodetected.  The returned list cannot be
           assumed to be always complete.

                   ffmpeg -sources pulse,server=192.168.0.4

       -sinks device[,opt1=val1[,opt2=val2]...]
           Show autodetected sinks of the output device.  Some devices may provide system-
           dependent sink names that cannot be autodetected.  The returned list cannot be assumed
           to be always complete.

                   ffmpeg -sinks pulse,server=192.168.0.4

       -loglevel [repeat+]loglevel | -v [repeat+]loglevel
           Set the logging level used by the library.  Adding "repeat+" indicates that repeated
           log output should not be compressed to the first line and the "Last message repeated n
           times" line will be omitted. "repeat" can also be used alone.  If "repeat" is used
           alone, and with no prior loglevel set, the default loglevel will be used. If multiple
           loglevel parameters are given, using 'repeat' will not change the loglevel.  loglevel
           is a string or a number containing one of the following values:

           quiet, -8
               Show nothing at all; be silent.

           panic, 0
               Only show fatal errors which could lead the process to crash, such as an assertion
               failure. This is not currently used for anything.

           fatal, 8
               Only show fatal errors. These are errors after which the process absolutely cannot
               continue.

           error, 16
               Show all errors, including ones which can be recovered from.

           warning, 24
               Show all warnings and errors. Any message related to possibly incorrect or
               unexpected events will be shown.

           info, 32
               Show informative messages during processing. This is in addition to warnings and
               errors. This is the default value.

           verbose, 40
               Same as "info", except more verbose.

           debug, 48
               Show everything, including debugging information.

           trace, 56

           By default the program logs to stderr. If coloring is supported by the terminal,
           colors are used to mark errors and warnings. Log coloring can be disabled setting the
           environment variable AV_LOG_FORCE_NOCOLOR or NO_COLOR, or can be forced setting the
           environment variable AV_LOG_FORCE_COLOR.  The use of the environment variable NO_COLOR
           is deprecated and will be dropped in a future FFmpeg version.

       -report
           Dump full command line and console output to a file named
           "program-YYYYMMDD-HHMMSS.log" in the current directory.  This file can be useful for
           bug reports.  It also implies "-loglevel verbose".

           Setting the environment variable FFREPORT to any value has the same effect. If the
           value is a ':'-separated key=value sequence, these options will affect the report;
           option values must be escaped if they contain special characters or the options
           delimiter ':' (see the ``Quoting and escaping'' section in the ffmpeg-utils manual).

           The following options are recognized:

           file
               set the file name to use for the report; %p is expanded to the name of the
               program, %t is expanded to a timestamp, "%%" is expanded to a plain "%"

           level
               set the log verbosity level using a numerical value (see "-loglevel").

           For example, to output a report to a file named ffreport.log using a log level of 32
           (alias for log level "info"):

                   FFREPORT=file=ffreport.log:level=32 ffmpeg -i input output

           Errors in parsing the environment variable are not fatal, and will not appear in the
           report.

       -hide_banner
           Suppress printing banner.

           All FFmpeg tools will normally show a copyright notice, build options and library
           versions. This option can be used to suppress printing this information.

       -cpuflags flags (global)
           Allows setting and clearing cpu flags. This option is intended for testing. Do not use
           it unless you know what you're doing.

                   ffmpeg -cpuflags -sse+mmx ...
                   ffmpeg -cpuflags mmx ...
                   ffmpeg -cpuflags 0 ...

           Possible flags for this option are:

           x86
               mmx
               mmxext
               sse
               sse2
               sse2slow
               sse3
               sse3slow
               ssse3
               atom
               sse4.1
               sse4.2
               avx
               avx2
               xop
               fma3
               fma4
               3dnow
               3dnowext
               bmi1
               bmi2
               cmov
           ARM
               armv5te
               armv6
               armv6t2
               vfp
               vfpv3
               neon
               setend
           AArch64
               armv8
               vfp
               neon
           PowerPC
               altivec
           Specific Processors
               pentium2
               pentium3
               pentium4
               k6
               k62
               athlon
               athlonxp
               k8
       -opencl_bench
           This option is used to benchmark all available OpenCL devices and print the results.
           This option is only available when FFmpeg has been compiled with "--enable-opencl".

           When FFmpeg is configured with "--enable-opencl", the options for the global OpenCL
           context are set via -opencl_options. See the "OpenCL Options" section in the ffmpeg-
           utils manual for the complete list of supported options. Amongst others, these options
           include the ability to select a specific platform and device to run the OpenCL code
           on. By default, FFmpeg will run on the first device of the first platform. While the
           options for the global OpenCL context provide flexibility to the user in selecting the
           OpenCL device of their choice, most users would probably want to select the fastest
           OpenCL device for their system.

           This option assists the selection of the most efficient configuration by identifying
           the appropriate device for the user's system. The built-in benchmark is run on all the
           OpenCL devices and the performance is measured for each device. The devices in the
           results list are sorted based on their performance with the fastest device listed
           first. The user can subsequently invoke ffmpeg using the device deemed most
           appropriate via -opencl_options to obtain the best performance for the OpenCL
           accelerated code.

           Typical usage to use the fastest OpenCL device involve the following steps.

           Run the command:

                   ffmpeg -opencl_bench

           Note down the platform ID (pidx) and device ID (didx) of the first i.e. fastest device
           in the list.  Select the platform and device using the command:

                   ffmpeg -opencl_options platform_idx=<pidx>:device_idx=<didx> ...

       -opencl_options options (global)
           Set OpenCL environment options. This option is only available when FFmpeg has been
           compiled with "--enable-opencl".

           options must be a list of key=value option pairs separated by ':'. See the ``OpenCL
           Options'' section in the ffmpeg-utils manual for the list of supported options.

   AVOptions
       These options are provided directly by the libavformat, libavdevice and libavcodec
       libraries. To see the list of available AVOptions, use the -help option. They are
       separated into two categories:

       generic
           These options can be set for any container, codec or device. Generic options are
           listed under AVFormatContext options for containers/devices and under AVCodecContext
           options for codecs.

       private
           These options are specific to the given container, device or codec. Private options
           are listed under their corresponding containers/devices/codecs.

       For example to write an ID3v2.3 header instead of a default ID3v2.4 to an MP3 file, use
       the id3v2_version private option of the MP3 muxer:

               ffmpeg -i input.flac -id3v2_version 3 out.mp3

       All codec AVOptions are per-stream, and thus a stream specifier should be attached to
       them.

       Note: the -nooption syntax cannot be used for boolean AVOptions, use -option 0/-option 1.

       Note: the old undocumented way of specifying per-stream AVOptions by prepending v/a/s to
       the options name is now obsolete and will be removed soon.

   Main options
       -f fmt (input/output)
           Force input or output file format. The format is normally auto detected for input
           files and guessed from the file extension for output files, so this option is not
           needed in most cases.

       -i url (input)
           input file url

       -y (global)
           Overwrite output files without asking.

       -n (global)
           Do not overwrite output files, and exit immediately if a specified output file already
           exists.

       -stream_loop number (input)
           Set number of times input stream shall be looped. Loop 0 means no loop, loop -1 means
           infinite loop.

       -c[:stream_specifier] codec (input/output,per-stream)
       -codec[:stream_specifier] codec (input/output,per-stream)
           Select an encoder (when used before an output file) or a decoder (when used before an
           input file) for one or more streams. codec is the name of a decoder/encoder or a
           special value "copy" (output only) to indicate that the stream is not to be re-
           encoded.

           For example

                   ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0 -c:v libx264 -c:a copy OUTPUT

           encodes all video streams with libx264 and copies all audio streams.

           For each stream, the last matching "c" option is applied, so

                   ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0 -c copy -c:v:1 libx264 -c:a:137 libvorbis OUTPUT

           will copy all the streams except the second video, which will be encoded with libx264,
           and the 138th audio, which will be encoded with libvorbis.

       -t duration (input/output)
           When used as an input option (before "-i"), limit the duration of data read from the
           input file.

           When used as an output option (before an output url), stop writing the output after
           its duration reaches duration.

           duration must be a time duration specification, see the Time duration section in the
           ffmpeg-utils(1) manual.

           -to and -t are mutually exclusive and -t has priority.

       -to position (output)
           Stop writing the output at position.  position must be a time duration specification,
           see the Time duration section in the ffmpeg-utils(1) manual.

           -to and -t are mutually exclusive and -t has priority.

       -fs limit_size (output)
           Set the file size limit, expressed in bytes. No further chunk of bytes is written
           after the limit is exceeded. The size of the output file is slightly more than the
           requested file size.

       -ss position (input/output)
           When used as an input option (before "-i"), seeks in this input file to position. Note
           that in most formats it is not possible to seek exactly, so ffmpeg will seek to the
           closest seek point before position.  When transcoding and -accurate_seek is enabled
           (the default), this extra segment between the seek point and position will be decoded
           and discarded. When doing stream copy or when -noaccurate_seek is used, it will be
           preserved.

           When used as an output option (before an output url), decodes but discards input until
           the timestamps reach position.

           position must be a time duration specification, see the Time duration section in the
           ffmpeg-utils(1) manual.

       -sseof position (input/output)
           Like the "-ss" option but relative to the "end of file". That is negative values are
           earlier in the file, 0 is at EOF.

       -itsoffset offset (input)
           Set the input time offset.

           offset must be a time duration specification, see the Time duration section in the
           ffmpeg-utils(1) manual.

           The offset is added to the timestamps of the input files. Specifying a positive offset
           means that the corresponding streams are delayed by the time duration specified in
           offset.

       -timestamp date (output)
           Set the recording timestamp in the container.

           date must be a date specification, see the Date section in the ffmpeg-utils(1) manual.

       -metadata[:metadata_specifier] key=value (output,per-metadata)
           Set a metadata key/value pair.

           An optional metadata_specifier may be given to set metadata on streams, chapters or
           programs. See "-map_metadata" documentation for details.

           This option overrides metadata set with "-map_metadata". It is also possible to delete
           metadata by using an empty value.

           For example, for setting the title in the output file:

                   ffmpeg -i in.avi -metadata title="my title" out.flv

           To set the language of the first audio stream:

                   ffmpeg -i INPUT -metadata:s:a:0 language=eng OUTPUT

       -disposition[:stream_specifier] value (output,per-stream)
           Sets the disposition for a stream.

           This option overrides the disposition copied from the input stream. It is also
           possible to delete the disposition by setting it to 0.

           The following dispositions are recognized:

           default
           dub
           original
           comment
           lyrics
           karaoke
           forced
           hearing_impaired
           visual_impaired
           clean_effects
           captions
           descriptions
           metadata

           For example, to make the second audio stream the default stream:

                   ffmpeg -i in.mkv -disposition:a:1 default out.mkv

           To make the second subtitle stream the default stream and remove the default
           disposition from the first subtitle stream:

                   ffmpeg -i INPUT -disposition:s:0 0 -disposition:s:1 default OUTPUT

       -program [title=title:][program_num=program_num:]st=stream[:st=stream...] (output)
           Creates a program with the specified title, program_num and adds the specified
           stream(s) to it.

       -target type (output)
           Specify target file type ("vcd", "svcd", "dvd", "dv", "dv50"). type may be prefixed
           with "pal-", "ntsc-" or "film-" to use the corresponding standard. All the format
           options (bitrate, codecs, buffer sizes) are then set automatically. You can just type:

                   ffmpeg -i myfile.avi -target vcd /tmp/vcd.mpg

           Nevertheless you can specify additional options as long as you know they do not
           conflict with the standard, as in:

                   ffmpeg -i myfile.avi -target vcd -bf 2 /tmp/vcd.mpg

       -dframes number (output)
           Set the number of data frames to output. This is an obsolete alias for "-frames:d",
           which you should use instead.

       -frames[:stream_specifier] framecount (output,per-stream)
           Stop writing to the stream after framecount frames.

       -q[:stream_specifier] q (output,per-stream)
       -qscale[:stream_specifier] q (output,per-stream)
           Use fixed quality scale (VBR). The meaning of q/qscale is codec-dependent.  If qscale
           is used without a stream_specifier then it applies only to the video stream, this is
           to maintain compatibility with previous behavior and as specifying the same codec
           specific value to 2 different codecs that is audio and video generally is not what is
           intended when no stream_specifier is used.

       -filter[:stream_specifier] filtergraph (output,per-stream)
           Create the filtergraph specified by filtergraph and use it to filter the stream.

           filtergraph is a description of the filtergraph to apply to the stream, and must have
           a single input and a single output of the same type of the stream. In the filtergraph,
           the input is associated to the label "in", and the output to the label "out". See the
           ffmpeg-filters manual for more information about the filtergraph syntax.

           See the -filter_complex option if you want to create filtergraphs with multiple inputs
           and/or outputs.

       -filter_script[:stream_specifier] filename (output,per-stream)
           This option is similar to -filter, the only difference is that its argument is the
           name of the file from which a filtergraph description is to be read.

       -filter_threads nb_threads (global)
           Defines how many threads are used to process a filter pipeline. Each pipeline will
           produce a thread pool with this many threads available for parallel processing.  The
           default is the number of available CPUs.

       -pre[:stream_specifier] preset_name (output,per-stream)
           Specify the preset for matching stream(s).

       -stats (global)
           Print encoding progress/statistics. It is on by default, to explicitly disable it you
           need to specify "-nostats".

       -progress url (global)
           Send program-friendly progress information to url.

           Progress information is written approximately every second and at the end of the
           encoding process. It is made of "key=value" lines. key consists of only alphanumeric
           characters. The last key of a sequence of progress information is always "progress".

       -stdin
           Enable interaction on standard input. On by default unless standard input is used as
           an input. To explicitly disable interaction you need to specify "-nostdin".

           Disabling interaction on standard input is useful, for example, if ffmpeg is in the
           background process group. Roughly the same result can be achieved with "ffmpeg ... <
           /dev/null" but it requires a shell.

       -debug_ts (global)
           Print timestamp information. It is off by default. This option is mostly useful for
           testing and debugging purposes, and the output format may change from one version to
           another, so it should not be employed by portable scripts.

           See also the option "-fdebug ts".

       -attach filename (output)
           Add an attachment to the output file. This is supported by a few formats like Matroska
           for e.g. fonts used in rendering subtitles. Attachments are implemented as a specific
           type of stream, so this option will add a new stream to the file. It is then possible
           to use per-stream options on this stream in the usual way. Attachment streams created
           with this option will be created after all the other streams (i.e. those created with
           "-map" or automatic mappings).

           Note that for Matroska you also have to set the mimetype metadata tag:

                   ffmpeg -i INPUT -attach DejaVuSans.ttf -metadata:s:2 mimetype=application/x-truetype-font out.mkv

           (assuming that the attachment stream will be third in the output file).

       -dump_attachment[:stream_specifier] filename (input,per-stream)
           Extract the matching attachment stream into a file named filename. If filename is
           empty, then the value of the "filename" metadata tag will be used.

           E.g. to extract the first attachment to a file named 'out.ttf':

                   ffmpeg -dump_attachment:t:0 out.ttf -i INPUT

           To extract all attachments to files determined by the "filename" tag:

                   ffmpeg -dump_attachment:t "" -i INPUT

           Technical note -- attachments are implemented as codec extradata, so this option can
           actually be used to extract extradata from any stream, not just attachments.

       -noautorotate
           Disable automatically rotating video based on file metadata.

   Video Options
       -vframes number (output)
           Set the number of video frames to output. This is an obsolete alias for "-frames:v",
           which you should use instead.

       -r[:stream_specifier] fps (input/output,per-stream)
           Set frame rate (Hz value, fraction or abbreviation).

           As an input option, ignore any timestamps stored in the file and instead generate
           timestamps assuming constant frame rate fps.  This is not the same as the -framerate
           option used for some input formats like image2 or v4l2 (it used to be the same in
           older versions of FFmpeg).  If in doubt use -framerate instead of the input option -r.

           As an output option, duplicate or drop input frames to achieve constant output frame
           rate fps.

       -s[:stream_specifier] size (input/output,per-stream)
           Set frame size.

           As an input option, this is a shortcut for the video_size private option, recognized
           by some demuxers for which the frame size is either not stored in the file or is
           configurable -- e.g. raw video or video grabbers.

           As an output option, this inserts the "scale" video filter to the end of the
           corresponding filtergraph. Please use the "scale" filter directly to insert it at the
           beginning or some other place.

           The format is wxh (default - same as source).

       -aspect[:stream_specifier] aspect (output,per-stream)
           Set the video display aspect ratio specified by aspect.

           aspect can be a floating point number string, or a string of the form num:den, where
           num and den are the numerator and denominator of the aspect ratio. For example "4:3",
           "16:9", "1.3333", and "1.7777" are valid argument values.

           If used together with -vcodec copy, it will affect the aspect ratio stored at
           container level, but not the aspect ratio stored in encoded frames, if it exists.

       -vn (output)
           Disable video recording.

       -vcodec codec (output)
           Set the video codec. This is an alias for "-codec:v".

       -pass[:stream_specifier] n (output,per-stream)
           Select the pass number (1 or 2). It is used to do two-pass video encoding. The
           statistics of the video are recorded in the first pass into a log file (see also the
           option -passlogfile), and in the second pass that log file is used to generate the
           video at the exact requested bitrate.  On pass 1, you may just deactivate audio and
           set output to null, examples for Windows and Unix:

                   ffmpeg -i foo.mov -c:v libxvid -pass 1 -an -f rawvideo -y NUL
                   ffmpeg -i foo.mov -c:v libxvid -pass 1 -an -f rawvideo -y /dev/null

       -passlogfile[:stream_specifier] prefix (output,per-stream)
           Set two-pass log file name prefix to prefix, the default file name prefix is
           ``ffmpeg2pass''. The complete file name will be PREFIX-N.log, where N is a number
           specific to the output stream

       -vf filtergraph (output)
           Create the filtergraph specified by filtergraph and use it to filter the stream.

           This is an alias for "-filter:v", see the -filter option.

   Advanced Video options
       -pix_fmt[:stream_specifier] format (input/output,per-stream)
           Set pixel format. Use "-pix_fmts" to show all the supported pixel formats.  If the
           selected pixel format can not be selected, ffmpeg will print a warning and select the
           best pixel format supported by the encoder.  If pix_fmt is prefixed by a "+", ffmpeg
           will exit with an error if the requested pixel format can not be selected, and
           automatic conversions inside filtergraphs are disabled.  If pix_fmt is a single "+",
           ffmpeg selects the same pixel format as the input (or graph output) and automatic
           conversions are disabled.

       -sws_flags flags (input/output)
           Set SwScaler flags.

       -vdt n
           Discard threshold.

       -rc_override[:stream_specifier] override (output,per-stream)
           Rate control override for specific intervals, formatted as "int,int,int" list
           separated with slashes. Two first values are the beginning and end frame numbers, last
           one is quantizer to use if positive, or quality factor if negative.

       -ilme
           Force interlacing support in encoder (MPEG-2 and MPEG-4 only).  Use this option if
           your input file is interlaced and you want to keep the interlaced format for minimum
           losses.  The alternative is to deinterlace the input stream with -deinterlace, but
           deinterlacing introduces losses.

       -psnr
           Calculate PSNR of compressed frames.

       -vstats
           Dump video coding statistics to vstats_HHMMSS.log.

       -vstats_file file
           Dump video coding statistics to file.

       -vstats_version file
           Specifies which version of the vstats format to use. Default is 2.

           version = 1 :

           "frame= %5d q= %2.1f PSNR= %6.2f f_size= %6d s_size= %8.0fkB time= %0.3f br=
           %7.1fkbits/s avg_br= %7.1fkbits/s"

           version > 1:

           "out= %2d st= %2d frame= %5d q= %2.1f PSNR= %6.2f f_size= %6d s_size= %8.0fkB time=
           %0.3f br= %7.1fkbits/s avg_br= %7.1fkbits/s"

       -top[:stream_specifier] n (output,per-stream)
           top=1/bottom=0/auto=-1 field first

       -dc precision
           Intra_dc_precision.

       -vtag fourcc/tag (output)
           Force video tag/fourcc. This is an alias for "-tag:v".

       -qphist (global)
           Show QP histogram

       -vbsf bitstream_filter
           Deprecated see -bsf

       -force_key_frames[:stream_specifier] time[,time...] (output,per-stream)
       -force_key_frames[:stream_specifier] expr:expr (output,per-stream)
           Force key frames at the specified timestamps, more precisely at the first frames after
           each specified time.

           If the argument is prefixed with "expr:", the string expr is interpreted like an
           expression and is evaluated for each frame. A key frame is forced in case the
           evaluation is non-zero.

           If one of the times is ""chapters"[delta]", it is expanded into the time of the
           beginning of all chapters in the file, shifted by delta, expressed as a time in
           seconds.  This option can be useful to ensure that a seek point is present at a
           chapter mark or any other designated place in the output file.

           For example, to insert a key frame at 5 minutes, plus key frames 0.1 second before the
           beginning of every chapter:

                   -force_key_frames 0:05:00,chapters-0.1

           The expression in expr can contain the following constants:

           n   the number of current processed frame, starting from 0

           n_forced
               the number of forced frames

           prev_forced_n
               the number of the previous forced frame, it is "NAN" when no keyframe was forced
               yet

           prev_forced_t
               the time of the previous forced frame, it is "NAN" when no keyframe was forced yet

           t   the time of the current processed frame

           For example to force a key frame every 5 seconds, you can specify:

                   -force_key_frames expr:gte(t,n_forced*5)

           To force a key frame 5 seconds after the time of the last forced one, starting from
           second 13:

                   -force_key_frames expr:if(isnan(prev_forced_t),gte(t,13),gte(t,prev_forced_t+5))

           Note that forcing too many keyframes is very harmful for the lookahead algorithms of
           certain encoders: using fixed-GOP options or similar would be more efficient.

       -copyinkf[:stream_specifier] (output,per-stream)
           When doing stream copy, copy also non-key frames found at the beginning.

       -init_hw_device type[=name][:device[,key=value...]]
           Initialise a new hardware device of type type called name, using the given device
           parameters.  If no name is specified it will receive a default name of the form
           "type%d".

           The meaning of device and the following arguments depends on the device type:

           cuda
               device is the number of the CUDA device.

           dxva2
               device is the number of the Direct3D 9 display adapter.

           vaapi
               device is either an X11 display name or a DRM render node.  If not specified, it
               will attempt to open the default X11 display ($DISPLAY) and then the first DRM
               render node (/dev/dri/renderD128).

           vdpau
               device is an X11 display name.  If not specified, it will attempt to open the
               default X11 display ($DISPLAY).

           qsv device selects a value in MFX_IMPL_*. Allowed values are:

               auto
               sw
               hw
               auto_any
               hw_any
               hw2
               hw3
               hw4

               If not specified, auto_any is used.  (Note that it may be easier to achieve the
               desired result for QSV by creating the platform-appropriate subdevice (dxva2 or
               vaapi) and then deriving a QSV device from that.)

       -init_hw_device type[=name]@source
           Initialise a new hardware device of type type called name, deriving it from the
           existing device with the name source.

       -init_hw_device list
           List all hardware device types supported in this build of ffmpeg.

       -filter_hw_device name
           Pass the hardware device called name to all filters in any filter graph.  This can be
           used to set the device to upload to with the "hwupload" filter, or the device to map
           to with the "hwmap" filter.  Other filters may also make use of this parameter when
           they require a hardware device.  Note that this is typically only required when the
           input is not already in hardware frames - when it is, filters will derive the device
           they require from the context of the frames they receive as input.

           This is a global setting, so all filters will receive the same device.

       -hwaccel[:stream_specifier] hwaccel (input,per-stream)
           Use hardware acceleration to decode the matching stream(s). The allowed values of
           hwaccel are:

           none
               Do not use any hardware acceleration (the default).

           auto
               Automatically select the hardware acceleration method.

           vda Use Apple VDA hardware acceleration.

           vdpau
               Use VDPAU (Video Decode and Presentation API for Unix) hardware acceleration.

           dxva2
               Use DXVA2 (DirectX Video Acceleration) hardware acceleration.

           vaapi
               Use VAAPI (Video Acceleration API) hardware acceleration.

           qsv Use the Intel QuickSync Video acceleration for video transcoding.

               Unlike most other values, this option does not enable accelerated decoding (that
               is used automatically whenever a qsv decoder is selected), but accelerated
               transcoding, without copying the frames into the system memory.

               For it to work, both the decoder and the encoder must support QSV acceleration and
               no filters must be used.

           This option has no effect if the selected hwaccel is not available or not supported by
           the chosen decoder.

           Note that most acceleration methods are intended for playback and will not be faster
           than software decoding on modern CPUs. Additionally, ffmpeg will usually need to copy
           the decoded frames from the GPU memory into the system memory, resulting in further
           performance loss. This option is thus mainly useful for testing.

       -hwaccel_device[:stream_specifier] hwaccel_device (input,per-stream)
           Select a device to use for hardware acceleration.

           This option only makes sense when the -hwaccel option is also specified.  It can
           either refer to an existing device created with -init_hw_device by name, or it can
           create a new device as if -init_hw_device type:hwaccel_device were called immediately
           before.

       -hwaccels
           List all hardware acceleration methods supported in this build of ffmpeg.

   Audio Options
       -aframes number (output)
           Set the number of audio frames to output. This is an obsolete alias for "-frames:a",
           which you should use instead.

       -ar[:stream_specifier] freq (input/output,per-stream)
           Set the audio sampling frequency. For output streams it is set by default to the
           frequency of the corresponding input stream. For input streams this option only makes
           sense for audio grabbing devices and raw demuxers and is mapped to the corresponding
           demuxer options.

       -aq q (output)
           Set the audio quality (codec-specific, VBR). This is an alias for -q:a.

       -ac[:stream_specifier] channels (input/output,per-stream)
           Set the number of audio channels. For output streams it is set by default to the
           number of input audio channels. For input streams this option only makes sense for
           audio grabbing devices and raw demuxers and is mapped to the corresponding demuxer
           options.

       -an (output)
           Disable audio recording.

       -acodec codec (input/output)
           Set the audio codec. This is an alias for "-codec:a".

       -sample_fmt[:stream_specifier] sample_fmt (output,per-stream)
           Set the audio sample format. Use "-sample_fmts" to get a list of supported sample
           formats.

       -af filtergraph (output)
           Create the filtergraph specified by filtergraph and use it to filter the stream.

           This is an alias for "-filter:a", see the -filter option.

   Advanced Audio options
       -atag fourcc/tag (output)
           Force audio tag/fourcc. This is an alias for "-tag:a".

       -absf bitstream_filter
           Deprecated, see -bsf

       -guess_layout_max channels (input,per-stream)
           If some input channel layout is not known, try to guess only if it corresponds to at
           most the specified number of channels. For example, 2 tells to ffmpeg to recognize 1
           channel as mono and 2 channels as stereo but not 6 channels as 5.1. The default is to
           always try to guess. Use 0 to disable all guessing.

   Subtitle options
       -scodec codec (input/output)
           Set the subtitle codec. This is an alias for "-codec:s".

       -sn (output)
           Disable subtitle recording.

       -sbsf bitstream_filter
           Deprecated, see -bsf

   Advanced Subtitle options
       -fix_sub_duration
           Fix subtitles durations. For each subtitle, wait for the next packet in the same
           stream and adjust the duration of the first to avoid overlap. This is necessary with
           some subtitles codecs, especially DVB subtitles, because the duration in the original
           packet is only a rough estimate and the end is actually marked by an empty subtitle
           frame. Failing to use this option when necessary can result in exaggerated durations
           or muxing failures due to non-monotonic timestamps.

           Note that this option will delay the output of all data until the next subtitle packet
           is decoded: it may increase memory consumption and latency a lot.

       -canvas_size size
           Set the size of the canvas used to render subtitles.

   Advanced options
       -map [-]input_file_id[:stream_specifier][?][,sync_file_id[:stream_specifier]] |
       [linklabel] (output)
           Designate one or more input streams as a source for the output file. Each input stream
           is identified by the input file index input_file_id and the input stream index
           input_stream_id within the input file. Both indices start at 0. If specified,
           sync_file_id:stream_specifier sets which input stream is used as a presentation sync
           reference.

           The first "-map" option on the command line specifies the source for output stream 0,
           the second "-map" option specifies the source for output stream 1, etc.

           A "-" character before the stream identifier creates a "negative" mapping.  It
           disables matching streams from already created mappings.

           A trailing "?" after the stream index will allow the map to be optional: if the map
           matches no streams the map will be ignored instead of failing. Note the map will still
           fail if an invalid input file index is used; such as if the map refers to a non-
           existent input.

           An alternative [linklabel] form will map outputs from complex filter graphs (see the
           -filter_complex option) to the output file.  linklabel must correspond to a defined
           output link label in the graph.

           For example, to map ALL streams from the first input file to output

                   ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0 output

           For example, if you have two audio streams in the first input file, these streams are
           identified by "0:0" and "0:1". You can use "-map" to select which streams to place in
           an output file. For example:

                   ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0:1 out.wav

           will map the input stream in INPUT identified by "0:1" to the (single) output stream
           in out.wav.

           For example, to select the stream with index 2 from input file a.mov (specified by the
           identifier "0:2"), and stream with index 6 from input b.mov (specified by the
           identifier "1:6"), and copy them to the output file out.mov:

                   ffmpeg -i a.mov -i b.mov -c copy -map 0:2 -map 1:6 out.mov

           To select all video and the third audio stream from an input file:

                   ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0:v -map 0:a:2 OUTPUT

           To map all the streams except the second audio, use negative mappings

                   ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0 -map -0:a:1 OUTPUT

           To map the video and audio streams from the first input, and using the trailing "?",
           ignore the audio mapping if no audio streams exist in the first input:

                   ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0:v -map 0:a? OUTPUT

           To pick the English audio stream:

                   ffmpeg -i INPUT -map 0:m:language:eng OUTPUT

           Note that using this option disables the default mappings for this output file.

       -ignore_unknown
           Ignore input streams with unknown type instead of failing if copying such streams is
           attempted.

       -copy_unknown
           Allow input streams with unknown type to be copied instead of failing if copying such
           streams is attempted.

       -map_channel
       [input_file_id.stream_specifier.channel_id|-1][?][:output_file_id.stream_specifier]
           Map an audio channel from a given input to an output. If
           output_file_id.stream_specifier is not set, the audio channel will be mapped on all
           the audio streams.

           Using "-1" instead of input_file_id.stream_specifier.channel_id will map a muted
           channel.

           A trailing "?" will allow the map_channel to be optional: if the map_channel matches
           no channel the map_channel will be ignored instead of failing.

           For example, assuming INPUT is a stereo audio file, you can switch the two audio
           channels with the following command:

                   ffmpeg -i INPUT -map_channel 0.0.1 -map_channel 0.0.0 OUTPUT

           If you want to mute the first channel and keep the second:

                   ffmpeg -i INPUT -map_channel -1 -map_channel 0.0.1 OUTPUT

           The order of the "-map_channel" option specifies the order of the channels in the
           output stream. The output channel layout is guessed from the number of channels mapped
           (mono if one "-map_channel", stereo if two, etc.). Using "-ac" in combination of
           "-map_channel" makes the channel gain levels to be updated if input and output channel
           layouts don't match (for instance two "-map_channel" options and "-ac 6").

           You can also extract each channel of an input to specific outputs; the following
           command extracts two channels of the INPUT audio stream (file 0, stream 0) to the
           respective OUTPUT_CH0 and OUTPUT_CH1 outputs:

                   ffmpeg -i INPUT -map_channel 0.0.0 OUTPUT_CH0 -map_channel 0.0.1 OUTPUT_CH1

           The following example splits the channels of a stereo input into two separate streams,
           which are put into the same output file:

                   ffmpeg -i stereo.wav -map 0:0 -map 0:0 -map_channel 0.0.0:0.0 -map_channel 0.0.1:0.1 -y out.ogg

           Note that currently each output stream can only contain channels from a single input
           stream; you can't for example use "-map_channel" to pick multiple input audio channels
           contained in different streams (from the same or different files) and merge them into
           a single output stream. It is therefore not currently possible, for example, to turn
           two separate mono streams into a single stereo stream. However splitting a stereo
           stream into two single channel mono streams is possible.

           If you need this feature, a possible workaround is to use the amerge filter. For
           example, if you need to merge a media (here input.mkv) with 2 mono audio streams into
           one single stereo channel audio stream (and keep the video stream), you can use the
           following command:

                   ffmpeg -i input.mkv -filter_complex "[0:1] [0:2] amerge" -c:a pcm_s16le -c:v copy output.mkv

           To map the first two audio channels from the first input, and using the trailing "?",
           ignore the audio channel mapping if the first input is mono instead of stereo:

                   ffmpeg -i INPUT -map_channel 0.0.0 -map_channel 0.0.1? OUTPUT

       -map_metadata[:metadata_spec_out] infile[:metadata_spec_in] (output,per-metadata)
           Set metadata information of the next output file from infile. Note that those are file
           indices (zero-based), not filenames.  Optional metadata_spec_in/out parameters
           specify, which metadata to copy.  A metadata specifier can have the following forms:

           g   global metadata, i.e. metadata that applies to the whole file

           s[:stream_spec]
               per-stream metadata. stream_spec is a stream specifier as described in the Stream
               specifiers chapter. In an input metadata specifier, the first matching stream is
               copied from. In an output metadata specifier, all matching streams are copied to.

           c:chapter_index
               per-chapter metadata. chapter_index is the zero-based chapter index.

           p:program_index
               per-program metadata. program_index is the zero-based program index.

           If metadata specifier is omitted, it defaults to global.

           By default, global metadata is copied from the first input file, per-stream and per-
           chapter metadata is copied along with streams/chapters. These default mappings are
           disabled by creating any mapping of the relevant type. A negative file index can be
           used to create a dummy mapping that just disables automatic copying.

           For example to copy metadata from the first stream of the input file to global
           metadata of the output file:

                   ffmpeg -i in.ogg -map_metadata 0:s:0 out.mp3

           To do the reverse, i.e. copy global metadata to all audio streams:

                   ffmpeg -i in.mkv -map_metadata:s:a 0:g out.mkv

           Note that simple 0 would work as well in this example, since global metadata is
           assumed by default.

       -map_chapters input_file_index (output)
           Copy chapters from input file with index input_file_index to the next output file. If
           no chapter mapping is specified, then chapters are copied from the first input file
           with at least one chapter. Use a negative file index to disable any chapter copying.

       -benchmark (global)
           Show benchmarking information at the end of an encode.  Shows CPU time used and
           maximum memory consumption.  Maximum memory consumption is not supported on all
           systems, it will usually display as 0 if not supported.

       -benchmark_all (global)
           Show benchmarking information during the encode.  Shows CPU time used in various steps
           (audio/video encode/decode).

       -timelimit duration (global)
           Exit after ffmpeg has been running for duration seconds.

       -dump (global)
           Dump each input packet to stderr.

       -hex (global)
           When dumping packets, also dump the payload.

       -re (input)
           Read input at native frame rate. Mainly used to simulate a grab device, or live input
           stream (e.g. when reading from a file). Should not be used with actual grab devices or
           live input streams (where it can cause packet loss).  By default ffmpeg attempts to
           read the input(s) as fast as possible.  This option will slow down the reading of the
           input(s) to the native frame rate of the input(s). It is useful for real-time output
           (e.g. live streaming).

       -loop_input
           Loop over the input stream. Currently it works only for image streams. This option is
           used for automatic FFserver testing.  This option is deprecated, use -loop 1.

       -loop_output number_of_times
           Repeatedly loop output for formats that support looping such as animated GIF (0 will
           loop the output infinitely).  This option is deprecated, use -loop.

       -vsync parameter
           Video sync method.  For compatibility reasons old values can be specified as numbers.
           Newly added values will have to be specified as strings always.

           0, passthrough
               Each frame is passed with its timestamp from the demuxer to the muxer.

           1, cfr
               Frames will be duplicated and dropped to achieve exactly the requested constant
               frame rate.

           2, vfr
               Frames are passed through with their timestamp or dropped so as to prevent 2
               frames from having the same timestamp.

           drop
               As passthrough but destroys all timestamps, making the muxer generate fresh
               timestamps based on frame-rate.

           -1, auto
               Chooses between 1 and 2 depending on muxer capabilities. This is the default
               method.

           Note that the timestamps may be further modified by the muxer, after this.  For
           example, in the case that the format option avoid_negative_ts is enabled.

           With -map you can select from which stream the timestamps should be taken. You can
           leave either video or audio unchanged and sync the remaining stream(s) to the
           unchanged one.

       -frame_drop_threshold parameter
           Frame drop threshold, which specifies how much behind video frames can be before they
           are dropped. In frame rate units, so 1.0 is one frame.  The default is -1.1. One
           possible usecase is to avoid framedrops in case of noisy timestamps or to increase
           frame drop precision in case of exact timestamps.

       -async samples_per_second
           Audio sync method. "Stretches/squeezes" the audio stream to match the timestamps, the
           parameter is the maximum samples per second by which the audio is changed.  -async 1
           is a special case where only the start of the audio stream is corrected without any
           later correction.

           Note that the timestamps may be further modified by the muxer, after this.  For
           example, in the case that the format option avoid_negative_ts is enabled.

           This option has been deprecated. Use the "aresample" audio filter instead.

       -copyts
           Do not process input timestamps, but keep their values without trying to sanitize
           them. In particular, do not remove the initial start time offset value.

           Note that, depending on the vsync option or on specific muxer processing (e.g. in case
           the format option avoid_negative_ts is enabled) the output timestamps may mismatch
           with the input timestamps even when this option is selected.

       -start_at_zero
           When used with copyts, shift input timestamps so they start at zero.

           This means that using e.g. "-ss 50" will make output timestamps start at 50 seconds,
           regardless of what timestamp the input file started at.

       -copytb mode
           Specify how to set the encoder timebase when stream copying.  mode is an integer
           numeric value, and can assume one of the following values:

           1   Use the demuxer timebase.

               The time base is copied to the output encoder from the corresponding input
               demuxer. This is sometimes required to avoid non monotonically increasing
               timestamps when copying video streams with variable frame rate.

           0   Use the decoder timebase.

               The time base is copied to the output encoder from the corresponding input
               decoder.

           -1  Try to make the choice automatically, in order to generate a sane output.

           Default value is -1.

       -enc_time_base[:stream_specifier] timebase (output,per-stream)
           Set the encoder timebase. timebase is a floating point number, and can assume one of
           the following values:

           0   Assign a default value according to the media type.

               For video - use 1/framerate, for audio - use 1/samplerate.

           -1  Use the input stream timebase when possible.

               If an input stream is not available, the default timebase will be used.

           >0  Use the provided number as the timebase.

               This field can be provided as a ratio of two integers (e.g. 1:24, 1:48000) or as a
               floating point number (e.g. 0.04166, 2.0833e-5)

           Default value is 0.

       -shortest (output)
           Finish encoding when the shortest input stream ends.

       -dts_delta_threshold
           Timestamp discontinuity delta threshold.

       -muxdelay seconds (input)
           Set the maximum demux-decode delay.

       -muxpreload seconds (input)
           Set the initial demux-decode delay.

       -streamid output-stream-index:new-value (output)
           Assign a new stream-id value to an output stream. This option should be specified
           prior to the output filename to which it applies.  For the situation where multiple
           output files exist, a streamid may be reassigned to a different value.

           For example, to set the stream 0 PID to 33 and the stream 1 PID to 36 for an output
           mpegts file:

                   ffmpeg -i inurl -streamid 0:33 -streamid 1:36 out.ts

       -bsf[:stream_specifier] bitstream_filters (output,per-stream)
           Set bitstream filters for matching streams. bitstream_filters is a comma-separated
           list of bitstream filters. Use the "-bsfs" option to get the list of bitstream
           filters.

                   ffmpeg -i h264.mp4 -c:v copy -bsf:v h264_mp4toannexb -an out.h264

                   ffmpeg -i file.mov -an -vn -bsf:s mov2textsub -c:s copy -f rawvideo sub.txt

       -tag[:stream_specifier] codec_tag (input/output,per-stream)
           Force a tag/fourcc for matching streams.

       -timecode hh:mm:ssSEPff
           Specify Timecode for writing. SEP is ':' for non drop timecode and ';' (or '.') for
           drop.

                   ffmpeg -i input.mpg -timecode 01:02:03.04 -r 30000/1001 -s ntsc output.mpg

       -filter_complex filtergraph (global)
           Define a complex filtergraph, i.e. one with arbitrary number of inputs and/or outputs.
           For simple graphs -- those with one input and one output of the same type -- see the
           -filter options. filtergraph is a description of the filtergraph, as described in the
           ``Filtergraph syntax'' section of the ffmpeg-filters manual.

           Input link labels must refer to input streams using the
           "[file_index:stream_specifier]" syntax (i.e. the same as -map uses). If
           stream_specifier matches multiple streams, the first one will be used. An unlabeled
           input will be connected to the first unused input stream of the matching type.

           Output link labels are referred to with -map. Unlabeled outputs are added to the first
           output file.

           Note that with this option it is possible to use only lavfi sources without normal
           input files.

           For example, to overlay an image over video

                   ffmpeg -i video.mkv -i image.png -filter_complex '[0:v][1:v]overlay[out]' -map
                   '[out]' out.mkv

           Here "[0:v]" refers to the first video stream in the first input file, which is linked
           to the first (main) input of the overlay filter. Similarly the first video stream in
           the second input is linked to the second (overlay) input of overlay.

           Assuming there is only one video stream in each input file, we can omit input labels,
           so the above is equivalent to

                   ffmpeg -i video.mkv -i image.png -filter_complex 'overlay[out]' -map
                   '[out]' out.mkv

           Furthermore we can omit the output label and the single output from the filter graph
           will be added to the output file automatically, so we can simply write

                   ffmpeg -i video.mkv -i image.png -filter_complex 'overlay' out.mkv

           To generate 5 seconds of pure red video using lavfi "color" source:

                   ffmpeg -filter_complex 'color=c=red' -t 5 out.mkv

       -filter_complex_threads nb_threads (global)
           Defines how many threads are used to process a filter_complex graph.  Similar to
           filter_threads but used for "-filter_complex" graphs only.  The default is the number
           of available CPUs.

       -lavfi filtergraph (global)
           Define a complex filtergraph, i.e. one with arbitrary number of inputs and/or outputs.
           Equivalent to -filter_complex.

       -filter_complex_script filename (global)
           This option is similar to -filter_complex, the only difference is that its argument is
           the name of the file from which a complex filtergraph description is to be read.

       -accurate_seek (input)
           This option enables or disables accurate seeking in input files with the -ss option.
           It is enabled by default, so seeking is accurate when transcoding. Use
           -noaccurate_seek to disable it, which may be useful e.g. when copying some streams and
           transcoding the others.

       -seek_timestamp (input)
           This option enables or disables seeking by timestamp in input files with the -ss
           option. It is disabled by default. If enabled, the argument to the -ss option is
           considered an actual timestamp, and is not offset by the start time of the file. This
           matters only for files which do not start from timestamp 0, such as transport streams.

       -thread_queue_size size (input)
           This option sets the maximum number of queued packets when reading from the file or
           device. With low latency / high rate live streams, packets may be discarded if they
           are not read in a timely manner; raising this value can avoid it.

       -override_ffserver (global)
           Overrides the input specifications from ffserver. Using this option you can map any
           input stream to ffserver and control many aspects of the encoding from ffmpeg. Without
           this option ffmpeg will transmit to ffserver what is requested by ffserver.

           The option is intended for cases where features are needed that cannot be specified to
           ffserver but can be to ffmpeg.

       -sdp_file file (global)
           Print sdp information for an output stream to file.  This allows dumping sdp
           information when at least one output isn't an rtp stream. (Requires at least one of
           the output formats to be rtp).

       -discard (input)
           Allows discarding specific streams or frames of streams at the demuxer.  Not all
           demuxers support this.

           none
               Discard no frame.

           default
               Default, which discards no frames.

           noref
               Discard all non-reference frames.

           bidir
               Discard all bidirectional frames.

           nokey
               Discard all frames excepts keyframes.

           all Discard all frames.

       -abort_on flags (global)
           Stop and abort on various conditions. The following flags are available:

           empty_output
               No packets were passed to the muxer, the output is empty.

       -xerror (global)
           Stop and exit on error

       -max_muxing_queue_size packets (output,per-stream)
           When transcoding audio and/or video streams, ffmpeg will not begin writing into the
           output until it has one packet for each such stream. While waiting for that to happen,
           packets for other streams are buffered. This option sets the size of this buffer, in
           packets, for the matching output stream.

           The default value of this option should be high enough for most uses, so only touch
           this option if you are sure that you need it.

       As a special exception, you can use a bitmap subtitle stream as input: it will be
       converted into a video with the same size as the largest video in the file, or 720x576 if
       no video is present. Note that this is an experimental and temporary solution. It will be
       removed once libavfilter has proper support for subtitles.

       For example, to hardcode subtitles on top of a DVB-T recording stored in MPEG-TS format,
       delaying the subtitles by 1 second:

               ffmpeg -i input.ts -filter_complex \
                 '[#0x2ef] setpts=PTS+1/TB [sub] ; [#0x2d0] [sub] overlay' \
                 -sn -map '#0x2dc' output.mkv

       (0x2d0, 0x2dc and 0x2ef are the MPEG-TS PIDs of respectively the video, audio and
       subtitles streams; 0:0, 0:3 and 0:7 would have worked too)

   Preset files
       A preset file contains a sequence of option=value pairs, one for each line, specifying a
       sequence of options which would be awkward to specify on the command line. Lines starting
       with the hash ('#') character are ignored and are used to provide comments. Check the
       presets directory in the FFmpeg source tree for examples.

       There are two types of preset files: ffpreset and avpreset files.

       ffpreset files

       ffpreset files are specified with the "vpre", "apre", "spre", and "fpre" options. The
       "fpre" option takes the filename of the preset instead of a preset name as input and can
       be used for any kind of codec. For the "vpre", "apre", and "spre" options, the options
       specified in a preset file are applied to the currently selected codec of the same type as
       the preset option.

       The argument passed to the "vpre", "apre", and "spre" preset options identifies the preset
       file to use according to the following rules:

       First ffmpeg searches for a file named arg.ffpreset in the directories $FFMPEG_DATADIR (if
       set), and $HOME/.ffmpeg, and in the datadir defined at configuration time (usually
       PREFIX/share/ffmpeg) or in a ffpresets folder along the executable on win32, in that
       order. For example, if the argument is "libvpx-1080p", it will search for the file
       libvpx-1080p.ffpreset.

       If no such file is found, then ffmpeg will search for a file named codec_name-arg.ffpreset
       in the above-mentioned directories, where codec_name is the name of the codec to which the
       preset file options will be applied. For example, if you select the video codec with
       "-vcodec libvpx" and use "-vpre 1080p", then it will search for the file
       libvpx-1080p.ffpreset.

       avpreset files

       avpreset files are specified with the "pre" option. They work similar to ffpreset files,
       but they only allow encoder- specific options. Therefore, an option=value pair specifying
       an encoder cannot be used.

       When the "pre" option is specified, ffmpeg will look for files with the suffix .avpreset
       in the directories $AVCONV_DATADIR (if set), and $HOME/.avconv, and in the datadir defined
       at configuration time (usually PREFIX/share/ffmpeg), in that order.

       First ffmpeg searches for a file named codec_name-arg.avpreset in the above-mentioned
       directories, where codec_name is the name of the codec to which the preset file options
       will be applied. For example, if you select the video codec with "-vcodec libvpx" and use
       "-pre 1080p", then it will search for the file libvpx-1080p.avpreset.

       If no such file is found, then ffmpeg will search for a file named arg.avpreset in the
       same directories.

EXAMPLES

   Video and Audio grabbing
       If you specify the input format and device then ffmpeg can grab video and audio directly.

               ffmpeg -f oss -i /dev/dsp -f video4linux2 -i /dev/video0 /tmp/out.mpg

       Or with an ALSA audio source (mono input, card id 1) instead of OSS:

               ffmpeg -f alsa -ac 1 -i hw:1 -f video4linux2 -i /dev/video0 /tmp/out.mpg

       Note that you must activate the right video source and channel before launching ffmpeg
       with any TV viewer such as <http://linux.bytesex.org/xawtv/> by Gerd Knorr. You also have
       to set the audio recording levels correctly with a standard mixer.

   X11 grabbing
       Grab the X11 display with ffmpeg via

               ffmpeg -f x11grab -video_size cif -framerate 25 -i :0.0 /tmp/out.mpg

       0.0 is display.screen number of your X11 server, same as the DISPLAY environment variable.

               ffmpeg -f x11grab -video_size cif -framerate 25 -i :0.0+10,20 /tmp/out.mpg

       0.0 is display.screen number of your X11 server, same as the DISPLAY environment variable.
       10 is the x-offset and 20 the y-offset for the grabbing.

   Video and Audio file format conversion
       Any supported file format and protocol can serve as input to ffmpeg:

       Examples:

       •   You can use YUV files as input:

                   ffmpeg -i /tmp/test%d.Y /tmp/out.mpg

           It will use the files:

                   /tmp/test0.Y, /tmp/test0.U, /tmp/test0.V,
                   /tmp/test1.Y, /tmp/test1.U, /tmp/test1.V, etc...

           The Y files use twice the resolution of the U and V files. They are raw files, without
           header. They can be generated by all decent video decoders. You must specify the size
           of the image with the -s option if ffmpeg cannot guess it.

       •   You can input from a raw YUV420P file:

                   ffmpeg -i /tmp/test.yuv /tmp/out.avi

           test.yuv is a file containing raw YUV planar data. Each frame is composed of the Y
           plane followed by the U and V planes at half vertical and horizontal resolution.

       •   You can output to a raw YUV420P file:

                   ffmpeg -i mydivx.avi hugefile.yuv

       •   You can set several input files and output files:

                   ffmpeg -i /tmp/a.wav -s 640x480 -i /tmp/a.yuv /tmp/a.mpg

           Converts the audio file a.wav and the raw YUV video file a.yuv to MPEG file a.mpg.

       •   You can also do audio and video conversions at the same time:

                   ffmpeg -i /tmp/a.wav -ar 22050 /tmp/a.mp2

           Converts a.wav to MPEG audio at 22050 Hz sample rate.

       •   You can encode to several formats at the same time and define a mapping from input
           stream to output streams:

                   ffmpeg -i /tmp/a.wav -map 0:a -b:a 64k /tmp/a.mp2 -map 0:a -b:a 128k /tmp/b.mp2

           Converts a.wav to a.mp2 at 64 kbits and to b.mp2 at 128 kbits. '-map file:index'
           specifies which input stream is used for each output stream, in the order of the
           definition of output streams.

       •   You can transcode decrypted VOBs:

                   ffmpeg -i snatch_1.vob -f avi -c:v mpeg4 -b:v 800k -g 300 -bf 2 -c:a libmp3lame -b:a 128k snatch.avi

           This is a typical DVD ripping example; the input is a VOB file, the output an AVI file
           with MPEG-4 video and MP3 audio. Note that in this command we use B-frames so the
           MPEG-4 stream is DivX5 compatible, and GOP size is 300 which means one intra frame
           every 10 seconds for 29.97fps input video. Furthermore, the audio stream is
           MP3-encoded so you need to enable LAME support by passing "--enable-libmp3lame" to
           configure.  The mapping is particularly useful for DVD transcoding to get the desired
           audio language.

           NOTE: To see the supported input formats, use "ffmpeg -demuxers".

       •   You can extract images from a video, or create a video from many images:

           For extracting images from a video:

                   ffmpeg -i foo.avi -r 1 -s WxH -f image2 foo-%03d.jpeg

           This will extract one video frame per second from the video and will output them in
           files named foo-001.jpeg, foo-002.jpeg, etc. Images will be rescaled to fit the new
           WxH values.

           If you want to extract just a limited number of frames, you can use the above command
           in combination with the "-frames:v" or "-t" option, or in combination with -ss to
           start extracting from a certain point in time.

           For creating a video from many images:

                   ffmpeg -f image2 -framerate 12 -i foo-%03d.jpeg -s WxH foo.avi

           The syntax "foo-%03d.jpeg" specifies to use a decimal number composed of three digits
           padded with zeroes to express the sequence number. It is the same syntax supported by
           the C printf function, but only formats accepting a normal integer are suitable.

           When importing an image sequence, -i also supports expanding shell-like wildcard
           patterns (globbing) internally, by selecting the image2-specific "-pattern_type glob"
           option.

           For example, for creating a video from filenames matching the glob pattern
           "foo-*.jpeg":

                   ffmpeg -f image2 -pattern_type glob -framerate 12 -i 'foo-*.jpeg' -s WxH foo.avi

       •   You can put many streams of the same type in the output:

                   ffmpeg -i test1.avi -i test2.avi -map 1:1 -map 1:0 -map 0:1 -map 0:0 -c copy -y test12.nut

           The resulting output file test12.nut will contain the first four streams from the
           input files in reverse order.

       •   To force CBR video output:

                   ffmpeg -i myfile.avi -b 4000k -minrate 4000k -maxrate 4000k -bufsize 1835k out.m2v

       •   The four options lmin, lmax, mblmin and mblmax use 'lambda' units, but you may use the
           QP2LAMBDA constant to easily convert from 'q' units:

                   ffmpeg -i src.ext -lmax 21*QP2LAMBDA dst.ext

SEE ALSO

       ffmpeg-all(1), ffplay(1), ffprobe(1), ffserver(1), ffmpeg-utils(1), ffmpeg-scaler(1),
       ffmpeg-resampler(1), ffmpeg-codecs(1), ffmpeg-bitstream-filters(1), ffmpeg-formats(1),
       ffmpeg-devices(1), ffmpeg-protocols(1), ffmpeg-filters(1)

AUTHORS

       The FFmpeg developers.

       For details about the authorship, see the Git history of the project
       (git://source.ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg), e.g. by typing the command git log in the FFmpeg source
       directory, or browsing the online repository at <http://source.ffmpeg.org>.

       Maintainers for the specific components are listed in the file MAINTAINERS in the source
       code tree.

                                                                                        FFMPEG(1)