Provided by: libproc-queue-perl_1.23-1_all 
NAME
Proc::Queue - limit the number of child processes running
SYNOPSIS
use Proc::Queue size => 4, debug => 1;
package other;
use POSIX ":sys_wait_h"; # imports WNOHANG
# this loop creates new children, but Proc::Queue makes it wait every
# time the limit (4) is reached until enough children exit
foreach (1..100) {
my $f=fork;
if(defined ($f) and $f==0) {
print "-- I'm a forked process $$\n";
sleep rand 5;
print "-- I'm tired, going away $$\n";
exit(0)
}
1 while waitpid(-1, WNOHANG)>0; # reaps children
}
Proc::Queue::size(10); # changing limit to 10 concurrent processes
Proc::Queue::trace(1); # trace mode on
Proc::Queue::debug(0); # debug is off
Proc::Queue::delay(0.2); # set 200 miliseconds as minimum
# delay between fork calls
package other; # just to test it works on any package
print "going again!\n";
# another loop with different settings for Proc::Queue
foreach (1..20) {
my $f=fork;
if(defined ($f) and $f==0) {
print "-- I'm a forked process $$\n";
sleep rand 5;
print "-- I'm tired, going away $$\n";
exit(0)
}
}
1 while wait != -1;
DESCRIPTION
This module lets you parallelise a perl program using the "fork", "exit", "wait" and "waitpid" calls as
usual but without taking care of creating too many processes and overloading the machine.
It redefines perl "fork", "exit", "wait" and "waitpid" core functions. Old programs do not need to be
reprogrammed, only the "use Proc::Queue ..." sentence has to be added to them.
Additionally, the module has two debugging modes (debug and trace) that seem too be very useful when
developing parallel aplications:
debug mode:
when active, dumps lots of information about processes being created, exiting, being caught by
parent, etc.
trace mode:
prints a line every time one of the "fork", "exit", "wait" or "waitpid" functions are called.
It is also possible to set a minimun delay time between fork calls to stop too many processes for
starting in a short time interval.
Child processes continue to use the modified functions, but their queues are reset and the maximun
process number for them is set to 1 (anyway, children can change their queue size themselves).
Proc::Queue doesn't work if CHLD signal handler is set to "IGNORE".
Internally, Proc::Queue, automatically catches zombies and stores their exit status in a private hash. To
avoid leaking memory in long running programs you have to call "wait" or "waitpid" to delete entries from
that hash or alternatively active the "ignore_children" mode:
Proc::Queue::ignore_children(1)
or
use Proc::Queue ignore_children=>1, ...
EXPORT
This module redefines the "fork", "wait", "waitpid" and "exit" calls.
EXPORT_OK
Functions "fork_now", "waitpids", "run_back", "run_back_now", "all_exit_ok", "running_now", "system_back"
and "system_back_now" can be imported. Tag ":all" is defined to import all of them.
FUNCTIONS
There are several not exported functions that can be used to configure the module:
size(), size($number)
If an argument is given the maximun number of concurrent processes is set to it and the number of
maximun processes that were allowed before is returned.
If no argument is given, the number of processes allowed is returned.
delay(), delay($time)
lets you set a minimun time in seconds to elapse between consecutive calls to fork. It is useful to
avoid creating too many processes in a short time (that could degrade performance).
If Time::HiRes module is available delays shorted that 1 second are allowed.
If no arg is given, the current delay is returned.
To clear it use Proc::Queue::delay(0).
weight(), weight($weight)
by default any process forked count as 1 through the max number of processes allowed to run
simultaneously (the queue size). "weight" allows to change this, i.e.:
Proc::Queue::weight(3);
run_back { ... heavy process here ... };
Proc::Queue::weight(1);
causes the "heavy process" to count as three normal processes.
Valid weight values are integers greater than zero.
Remember to reset the weight back to 1 (or whatever) after the heavier processes have been forked!.
allow_excess(), allow_excess($allow_excess)
by default the next queued process will be started as soon as the number of running processes is
smaller than the queue size--this is regardless of the weight of the next queued process, so the
queue could become overloaded. Setting "allow_excess" to false forces the next queued process to
wait until there is room for it in the queue, that is, the size of the queue less the weighted number
of currently running processes must be no smaller than the weight of the next queued process in order
for the next process to start.
Setting "allow_excess" to any value greater than zero (default is 1) resets the default behavior.
ignore_children($on)
calling
Proc::Queue::ignore_children(1);
is the equivalent to
$SIG{CHLD}='IGNORE'
when using Proc::Queue.
debug(), debug($boolean), trace(), trace($boolean)
Change or return the status for the debug and trace modes.
Other utility subroutines that can be imported from Proc::Queue are:
fork_now()
Sometimes you would need to fork a new child without waiting for other children to exit if the queue
is full, "fork_now" does that. It is exportable so you can do...
use Proc::Queue size => 5, qw(fork_now), debug =>1;
$f=fork_now;
if(defined $f and $f == 0) {
print "I'm the child\n"; exit;
}
waitpids(@pid)
waits for all the processes in @pid to exit. It returns an array with pairs of pid and exit values
(pid1, exit1, pid2, exit2, pid3, exit3,...) as returned by individual waitpid calls.
run_back(\&code), run_back { code }
Runs the argument subrutine in a forked child process and returns the pid number for the new process.
run_back_now(\&code), run_back_now { code }
A mix between run_back and fork_now.
system_back(@command)
Similar to the "system" call but runs the command in the background and waits for other children to
exit first if there are already too many running.
Returns the pid of the forked process or undef if the program was not found.
system_back_now(@command)
As "system_back" but without checking if the maximun number of children allowed has been reached.
all_exit_ok(@pid)
Do a "waitpids" call and test that all the processes exit with code 0.
running_now()
Returns the number of child processes currently running.
import(pkg,opt,val,opt,val,...,fnt_name,fnt_name,...)
The import function is not usually explicitally called but by the "use Proc::Queue" statement.
Options allowed are "size", "debug", "weight" and "trace", i.e:
use Proc::Queue size=>10, debug=>1;
Anything that is not "size", "debug", "weight" or "trace" is expected to be a function name to be
imported.
use Proc::Queue size=>10, ':all';
BUGS
Proc::Queue is a very stable module, no bugs have been reported for a long time.
Support for Win32 OSs is still experimental.
SEE ALSO
perlfunc(1), perlipc(1), POSIX, perlfork(1), Time::HiRes, Parallel::ForkManager. The "example.pl" script
contained in the module distribution.
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
Copyright 2001-2003, 2005-2008 by Salvador Fandin~o <sfandino@yahoo.com>
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl
itself.
perl v5.20.1 2008-01-07 Proc::Queue(3pm)