bionic (3) getnameinfo.3posix.gz
PROLOG
This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual. The Linux implementation of this interface
may differ (consult the corresponding Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior), or the interface
may not be implemented on Linux.
NAME
getnameinfo — get name information
SYNOPSIS
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netdb.h>
int getnameinfo(const struct sockaddr *restrict sa, socklen_t salen,
char *restrict node, socklen_t nodelen, char *restrict service,
socklen_t servicelen, int flags);
DESCRIPTION
The getnameinfo() function shall translate a socket address to a node name and service location, all of
which are defined as in freeaddrinfo().
The sa argument points to a socket address structure to be translated. The salen argument contains the
length of the address pointed to by sa.
If the socket address structure contains an IPv4-mapped IPv6 address or an IPv4-compatible IPv6 address,
the implementation shall extract the embedded IPv4 address and lookup the node name for that IPv4
address.
If the address is the IPv6 unspecified address ("::"), a lookup shall not be performed and the behavior
shall be the same as when the node's name cannot be located.
If the node argument is non-NULL and the nodelen argument is non-zero, then the node argument points to a
buffer able to contain up to nodelen bytes that receives the node name as a null-terminated string. If
the node argument is NULL or the nodelen argument is zero, the node name shall not be returned. If the
node's name cannot be located, the numeric form of the address contained in the socket address structure
pointed to by the sa argument is returned instead of its name.
If the service argument is non-NULL and the servicelen argument is non-zero, then the service argument
points to a buffer able to contain up to servicelen bytes that receives the service name as a null-
terminated string. If the service argument is NULL or the servicelen argument is zero, the service name
shall not be returned. If the service's name cannot be located, the numeric form of the service address
(for example, its port number) shall be returned instead of its name.
The flags argument is a flag that changes the default actions of the function. By default the fully-
qualified domain name (FQDN) for the host shall be returned, but:
* If the flag bit NI_NOFQDN is set, only the node name portion of the FQDN shall be returned for local
hosts.
* If the flag bit NI_NUMERICHOST is set, the numeric form of the address contained in the socket
address structure pointed to by the sa argument shall be returned instead of its name.
* If the flag bit NI_NAMEREQD is set, an error shall be returned if the host's name cannot be located.
* If the flag bit NI_NUMERICSERV is set, the numeric form of the service address shall be returned (for
example, its port number) instead of its name.
* If the flag bit NI_NUMERICSCOPE is set, the numeric form of the scope identifier shall be returned
(for example, interface index) instead of its name. This flag shall be ignored if the sa argument is
not an IPv6 address.
* If the flag bit NI_DGRAM is set, this indicates that the service is a datagram service (SOCK_DGRAM).
The default behavior shall assume that the service is a stream service (SOCK_STREAM).
Notes:
1. The two NI_NUMERICxxx flags are required to support the −n flag that many commands provide.
2. The NI_DGRAM flag is required for the few AF_INET and AF_INET6 port numbers (for example,
[512,514]) that represent different services for UDP and TCP.
The getnameinfo() function shall be thread-safe.
RETURN VALUE
A zero return value for getnameinfo() indicates successful completion; a non-zero return value indicates
failure. The possible values for the failures are listed in the ERRORS section.
Upon successful completion, getnameinfo() shall return the node and service names, if requested, in the
buffers provided. The returned names are always null-terminated strings.
ERRORS
The getnameinfo() function shall fail and return the corresponding value if:
[EAI_AGAIN] The name could not be resolved at this time. Future attempts may succeed.
[EAI_BADFLAGS]
The flags had an invalid value.
[EAI_FAIL] A non-recoverable error occurred.
[EAI_FAMILY]
The address family was not recognized or the address length was invalid for the specified
family.
[EAI_MEMORY]
There was a memory allocation failure.
[EAI_NONAME]
The name does not resolve for the supplied parameters.
NI_NAMEREQD is set and the host's name cannot be located, or both nodename and servname were
null.
[EAI_OVERFLOW]
An argument buffer overflowed. The buffer pointed to by the node argument or the service
argument was too small.
[EAI_SYSTEM]
A system error occurred. The error code can be found in errno.
The following sections are informative.
EXAMPLES
None.
APPLICATION USAGE
If the returned values are to be used as part of any further name resolution (for example, passed to
getaddrinfo()), applications should provide buffers large enough to store any result possible on the
system.
Given the IPv4-mapped IPv6 address "::ffff:1.2.3.4", the implementation performs a lookup as if the
socket address structure contains the IPv4 address "1.2.3.4".
The IPv6 unspecified address ("::") and the IPv6 loopback address ("::1") are not IPv4-compatible
addresses.
RATIONALE
None.
FUTURE DIRECTIONS
None.
SEE ALSO
endservent(), freeaddrinfo(), gai_strerror(), inet_ntop(), socket()
The Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1‐2008, <netdb.h>, <sys_socket.h>
COPYRIGHT
Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2013 Edition,
Standard for Information Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base
Specifications Issue 7, Copyright (C) 2013 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc
and The Open Group. (This is POSIX.1-2008 with the 2013 Technical Corrigendum 1 applied.) In the event
of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original
IEEE and The Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online at
http://www.unix.org/online.html .
Any typographical or formatting errors that appear in this page are most likely to have been introduced
during the conversion of the source files to man page format. To report such errors, see
https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/reporting_bugs.html .