Ubuntu Manpage: auditpipe — pseudo-device for live audit event tracking

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NAME

     auditpipe — pseudo-device for live audit event tracking

SYNOPSIS

     options AUDIT

DESCRIPTION

While audit trail files generated with audit(4) and maintained by auditd(8) provide a
reliable long-term store for audit log information, current log files are owned by the audit
daemon until terminated making them somewhat unwieldy for live monitoring applications such
as host-based intrusion detection. For example, the log may be cycled and new records
written to a new file without notice to applications that may be accessing the file.

The audit facility provides an audit pipe facility for applications requiring direct access
to live BSM audit data for the purposes of real-time monitoring. Audit pipes are available
via a clonable special device, /dev/auditpipe, subject to the permissions on the device
node, and provide a "tee" of the audit event stream. As the device is clonable, more than
one instance of the device may be opened at a time; each device instance will provide
independent access to all records.

The audit pipe device provides discrete BSM audit records; if the read buffer passed by the
application is too small to hold the next record in the sequence, it will be dropped.
Unlike audit data written to the audit trail, the reliability of record delivery is not
guaranteed. In particular, when an audit pipe queue fills, records will be dropped. Audit
pipe devices are blocking by default, but support non-blocking I/O, asynchronous I/O using
SIGIO, and polled operation via select(2) and poll(2).

Applications may choose to track the global audit trail, or configure local preselection
parameters independent of the global audit trail parameters.

Audit Pipe Queue Ioctls
The following ioctls retrieve and set various audit pipe record queue properties:

AUDITPIPE_GET_QLEN Query the current number of records available for reading on the
pipe.

AUDITPIPE_GET_QLIMIT Retrieve the current maximum number of records that may be
queued for reading on the pipe.

AUDITPIPE_SET_QLIMIT Set the current maximum number of records that may be queued for
reading on the pipe. The new limit must fall between the queue
limit minimum and queue limit maximum queryable using the
following two ioctls.

AUDITPIPE_GET_QLIMIT_MIN Query the lowest possible maximum number of records that may be
queued for reading on the pipe.

AUDITPIPE_GET_QLIMIT_MAX Query the highest possible maximum number of records that may be
queued for reading on the pipe.

AUDITPIPE_FLUSH Flush all outstanding records on the audit pipe; useful after
setting initial preselection properties to delete records queued
during the configuration process which may not match the
interests of the user process.

AUDITPIPE_GET_MAXAUDITDATA Query the maximum size of an audit record, which is a useful
minimum size for a user space buffer intended to hold audit
records read from the audit pipe.

Audit Pipe Preselection Mode Ioctls
By default, the audit pipe facility configures pipes to present records matched by the
system-wide audit trail, configured by auditd(8). However, the preselection mechanism for
audit pipes can be configured using alternative criteria, including pipe-local flags and
naflags settings, as well as auid-specific selection masks. This allows applications to
track events not captured in the global audit trail, as well as limit records presented to
those of specific interest to the application.

The following ioctls configure the preselection mode on an audit pipe:

AUDITPIPE_GET_PRESELECT_MODE Return the current preselect mode on the audit pipe. The
ioctl argument should be of type int.

AUDITPIPE_SET_PRESELECT_MODE Set the current preselection mode on the audit pipe. The
ioctl argument should be of type int.

Possible preselection mode values are:

AUDITPIPE_PRESELECT_MODE_TRAIL Use the global audit trail preselection parameters to select
records for the audit pipe.

AUDITPIPE_PRESELECT_MODE_LOCAL Use local audit pipe preselection; this model is similar to
the global audit trail configuration model, consisting of
global flags and naflags parameters, as well as a set of
per-auid masks. These parameters are configured using
further ioctls.

After changing the audit pipe preselection mode, records selected under earlier preselection
configuration may still be in the audit pipe queue. The application may flush the current
record queue after changing the configuration to remove possibly undesired records.

Audit Pipe Local Preselection Mode Ioctls
The following ioctls configure the preselection parameters used when an audit pipe is
configured for the AUDITPIPE_PRESELECT_MODE_LOCAL preselection mode.

AUDITPIPE_GET_PRESELECT_FLAGS Retrieve the current default preselection flags for
attributable events on the pipe. These flags correspond to
the flags field in audit_control(5). The ioctl argument
should be of type u_int.

AUDITPIPE_SET_PRESELECT_FLAGS Set the current default preselection flags for attributable
events on the pipe. These flags correspond to the flags
field in audit_control(5). The ioctl argument should be of
type u_int.

AUDITPIPE_GET_PRESELECT_NAFLAGS Retrieve the current default preselection flags for non-
attributable events on the pipe. These flags correspond to
the naflags field in audit_control(5). The ioctl argument
should be of type u_int.

AUDITPIPE_SET_PRESELECT_NAFLAGS Set the current default preselection flags for non-
attributable events on the pipe. These flags correspond to
the naflags field in audit_control(5). The ioctl argument
should be of type u_int.

AUDITPIPE_GET_PRESELECT_AUID Query the current preselection masks for a specific auid on
the pipe. The ioctl argument should be of type struct
auditpipe_ioctl_preselect. The auid to query is specified
via the ap_auid field of type au_id_t; the mask will be
returned via ap_mask of type au_mask_t.

AUDITPIPE_SET_PRESELECT_AUID Set the current preselection masks for a specific auid on
the pipe. Arguments are identical to
AUDITPIPE_GET_PRESELECT_AUID, except that the caller should
properly initialize the ap_mask field to hold the desired
preselection mask.

AUDITPIPE_DELETE_PRESELECT_AUID Delete the current preselection mask for a specific auid on
the pipe. Once called, events associated with the
specified auid will use the default flags mask. The ioctl
argument should be of type au_id_t.

AUDITPIPE_FLUSH_PRESELECT_AUID Delete all auid specific preselection specifications.

EXAMPLES

     The praudit(1) utility may be directly executed on /dev/auditpipe to review the default
     audit trail.

HISTORY

     The OpenBSM implementation was created by McAfee Research, the security division of McAfee
     Inc., under contract to Apple Computer Inc. in 2004.  It was subsequently adopted by the
     TrustedBSD Project as the foundation for the OpenBSM distribution.

     Support for kernel audit first appeared in FreeBSD 6.2.

AUTHORS

     The audit pipe facility was designed and implemented by Robert Watson <rwatson@FreeBSD.org>.

     The Basic Security Module (BSM) interface to audit records and audit event stream format
     were defined by Sun Microsystems.

BUGS

     See the audit(4) manual page for information on audit-related bugs and limitations.

     The configurable preselection mechanism mirrors the selection model present for the global
     audit trail.  It might be desirable to provided a more flexible selection model.

     The per-pipe audit event queue is fifo, with drops occurring if either the user thread
     provides in sufficient for the record on the queue head, or on enqueue if there is
     insufficient room.  It might be desirable to support partial reads of records, which would
     be more compatible with buffered I/O as implemented in system libraries, and to allow
     applications to select which records are dropped, possibly in the style of preselection.