NAME

     urtwn — Realtek RTL8188CU/RTL8188RU/RTL8188EU/RTL8192CU USB IEEE 802.11b/g/n wireless
     network device

SYNOPSIS

     options URTWN_WITHOUT_UCODE

     To compile this driver into the kernel, place the following lines in your kernel
     configuration file:

           device ehci
           device uhci
           device ohci
           device usb
           device urtwn
           device wlan

     Alternatively, to load the driver as a module at boot time, place the following line in
     loader.conf(5):

           if_urtwn_load="YES"

DESCRIPTION

     The urtwn driver supports USB 2.0 wireless network devices based on Realtek RTL8188CUS,
     RTL8188CE-VAU, RTL8188EUS, RTL8188RU and RTL8192CU chipsets.

     The RTL8188CUS and RTL8188EUS are highly integrated 802.11n adapters that combine a MAC, a
     1T1R capable baseband and an RF in a single chip.  They operate in the 2GHz spectrum only.
     The RTL8188RU is a high-power variant of the RTL8188CUS.  The RTL8188CE-VAU is a PCI Express
     Mini Card adapter that attaches to the USB interface.

     The RTL8192CU is a highly integrated multiple-in, multiple-out (MIMO) 802.11n adapter that
     combines a MAC, a 2T2R capable baseband and an RF in a single chip.  It operates in the 2GHz
     spectrum only.

     All chips have hardware support for  WEP, AES-CCM and TKIP encryption.

     The driver supports station, adhoc, hostap, and monitor mode operation.  Only one virtual
     interface may be configured at any time.

     This driver may use the firmware built with the urtwnfw module for some additional features
     (when URTWN_WITHOUT_UCODE kernel option is not set).

FILES

     /usr/share/doc/legal/realtek.LICENSE  urtwn firmware license

HARDWARE

     The urtwn driver supports Realtek RTL8188CU/RTL8188RU/RTL8188EU/RTL8192CU based USB IEEE
     802.11b/g/n wireless network adapters, including:

           Alfa AWUS036NHR v2
           ASUS USB-N10 NANO
           Belkin F7D1102 Surf Wireless Micro
           D-Link DWA-123 rev
           D-Link DWA-125 rev
           D-Link DWA-131
           Edimax EW-7811Un
           Elecom WDC-150SU2M
           Netgear WNA1000M
           Realtek RTL8192CU
           Realtek RTL8188CUS
           TP-LINK TL-WN723N v3
           TP-LINK TL-WN725N v2

EXAMPLES

     Join an existing BSS network (i.e., connect to an access point):

           ifconfig wlan create wlandev urtwn0 inet 192.168.0.20 \
               netmask 0xffffff00

     Join a specific BSS network with network name “my_net”:

           ifconfig wlan create wlandev urtwn0 ssid my_net up

     Join a specific BSS network with 64-bit WEP encryption:

           ifconfig wlan create wlandev urtwn0 ssid my_net \
                   wepmode on wepkey 0x1234567890 weptxkey 1 up

     Create an IBSS network with 128-bit WEP encryption on the channel 4:

           ifconfig wlan0 create wlandev urtwn0 wlanmode adhoc ssid my_net \
                   wepmode on wepkey 0x01020304050607080910111213 weptxkey 1 \
                   channel 4

     Join/create an 802.11b IBSS network with network name “my_net”:

           ifconfig wlan0 create wlandev urtwn0 wlanmode adhoc
           ifconfig wlan0 inet 192.168.0.22 netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_net \
                   mode 11b

     Create an 802.11g host-based access point:

           ifconfig wlan0 create wlandev urtwn0 wlanmode hostap
           ifconfig wlan0 inet 192.168.0.10 netmask 0xffffff00 ssid my_ap \
                   mode 11g

DIAGNOSTICS

     urtwn%d: error %d, could not read firmware %s  For some reason, the driver was unable to
     read the microcode file from the filesystem.  The file might be missing or corrupted.

     urtwn%d: device timeout  A frame dispatched to the hardware for transmission did not
     complete in time.  The driver will reset the hardware.  This should not happen.

SEE ALSO

     intro(4), netintro(4), urtwnfw(4), usb(4), wlan(4), wlan_amrr(4), wlan_ccmp(4),
     wlan_tkip(4), wlan_wep(4), ifconfig(8), wpa_supplicant(8)

     Realtek, http://www.realtek.com.tw.

HISTORY

     The urtwn driver first appeared in OpenBSD 4.9 and FreeBSD 10.0.

AUTHORS

     The urtwn driver was written by Damien Bergamini <damien@openbsd.org>.

CAVEATS

     The urtwn driver currently does not support A-MPDU 802.11n transmit aggregation.

     For non-RTL8188EUS chips “rate control” algorithm is absent; this may result in increased
     packet loss in noisy networks.