Provided by: libxine2-doc_1.2.8-2build2_all 
NAME
xine - a free video player
MRL (media resource locator)
MRLs are similar to URLs in your web browser. They describe the media to read from. Valid
MRLs may be plain file names or one of the following (see also the notes below):
• Filesystem:
file:<path>
fifo:<path>
stdin:/
• CD and DVD:
dvd:/[device_name][/title[.part]]
dvd:/DVD_image_file[/title[.part]]
dvd:/DVD_directory[/title[.part]]
(use the path of the directory which contains VIDEO_TS)
vcd://[CD_image_or_device_name][@[letter]number]
vcdo://track_number
cdda:/[device][/track_number]
• Video devices:
v4l://[tuner_device/frequency]
v4l2://tuner_device
dvb://channel_number
(nth channel in your channels.conf)
dvb://channel_name
dvbc://channel_name:tuning_parameters
dvbs://channel_name:tuning_parameters
dvbt://channel_name:tuning_parameters
dvba://channel_name:tuning_parameters
pvr:/tmp_files_path!saved_files_path!max_page_age
(for WinTV PVR 250 and 350)
• Network:
http://host...
tcp://host[:port]
udp://host[:port[?iface=interface]]
rtp://host[:port[?iface=interface]]
(default port for tcp, udp and rtp is 7658)
smb://...
mms://host...
pnm://host...
rtsp://host... (requires Real codecs)
Additional input plugins will provide additional MRL types. The ones listed above are
available with stock libxine.
NOTE: where a file name is required, the full path must be provided - from a shell, you
can normally use "$PWD/file" or "$(pwd)/file" or "`pwd`/file" if the file is in the
current directory. (Which one depends on your shell; all three work in bash. Also, normal
URL encoding rules apply; `%', in particular, must be encoded as `%25'.)
As of xine-lib 1.1.3, the DVD title number may be 0 (select navigation) and the chapter
number may be 0 (full title).
VCD MRL Syntax
A simple vcd:/ runs the default item (e.g. perhaps track 1 or entry 0) using the default
VCD device (perhaps /dev/cdrom). Both the default item and default device are user-
configurable.
It is however also possible to specify both Video CD device/filename and item explicitly
in the MRL.
For example vcd:/dev/dvd specifies the default entry using device /dev/dvd which might
useful if this is your DVD which is different than your CD-ROM device and your DVD drive
can play CD's. And vcd://test_svcd_ntsc.cue specifies the cue file for CD image on disk.
(test_svcd_ntsc.bin is the corresponding bin file, but using that won't work.)
After the optional device name or file name, you can name the kind of unit, preceded by a
colon. An MRL which ends in a colon is like not adding it at all: the default entry type
and number is used. Items come in 4 flavours: "Track", "Entry", "Playback" and "Segment".
These units are indicated with the capital first letter of each type: T, E, P, S, s. An
uppercase S in the MRL display indicates a NTSC segment while a lowercase s indicates a
PAL segment. However, when you enter an MRL, the case of these letters is insignificant.
Depending on the Video CD, you might not have any playable segments (S,s) or playback
control (P). If you give a MRL that refers to a playback control entry but there is no
playback control, your playback number will silently be converted into the corresponding
entry number.
You can configure various things that affect MRLs are selected when there is some
ambiguity in the MRL name. media.vcd.autoplay sets what kind of unit to to use in a MRL is
none is given. Another configuration setting, vcd.device, determines what device to use
if that part is not given. When you hit the VCD button, that is equivalent to entering
vcd:/ and thus these two configuration settings are used to expand the MRL.
Some examples of MRLs are given below. In the examples, we assume the following
configuration settings:
vcd:// Play (navigate) default item (in this case Entry ID 0) from the default device (in
this case set to /dev/cdrom)
vcd://@
Same as above
vcd:///dev/cdrom@
Same effect as above since the default device is set to /dev/cdrom.
vcd:///dev/cdrom@E0
Same as above. But note that this is because we have autoplay:entry which is no
longer the default value.
vcd:///dev/cdrom2@
Play (navigate) the default item of /dev/cdrom2
vcd:///dev/cdrom2
should be same as above but is currently broken?
vcd:///dev/cdrom2@T1
Play Track 1 from /dev/cdrom2
vcd:///dev/cdrom@S1
Play segment 1 from /dev/cdrom. This assumes that there *is* a segment 1. Check
the MRL list to see if that is the case.
vcd://@P1
Play playlist item 1 from default device. If there is no playback control, the MRL
will be converted into vcd:/@E0. Again check the MRL list to see if there is a P1.
vcd://@P1*
Probably same as above.
vcd:///dev/cdrom@E1
Play Entry id 1 from default device.
vcd://@S0
Play segment 0 from default device.
vcd://@3
Play track 3 from default device.
vcd:///dev/cdrom2:1
Play track 1 from /dev/cdrom2.
vcd:///tmp/ntsc.cue@
Play default item (E0) of /tmp/ntsc.bin. Note trailing @.
vcd://ntsc.cue/@E0
Play entry 0 of ntsc.bin.
vcd:///tmp/ntsc.nrg/@E0
Play entry 0 of /tmp/ntsc.nrg (Nero file). Works for some simple Nero images.
DVB
DVB MRLs require that xine-lib/channels.conf exists in $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/ or ~/.config/ and
contains valid data. This can be obtained by generating a tuning file using the LinuxTV
DVB apps utility "scan" (or "dvbscan" if you're using a version newer than 1.1.0):
scan -o zap /usr/share/doc/dvb-utils/examples/scan/dvb-t/uk-PontopPike >~/.config/xine-
lib/channels.conf
(This example is for the writer's local transmitter, using a file from the Debian dvb-
utils package.)
For the dvbc, dvbs and dvbt MRLs, tuning parameters are expected, taking one of the
following forms:
DVB-S <frequency>:<polarisation>:<sat-no>:<sym-rate>:<vpid>:<apid>:<service-id>
DVB-C <frequency>:<inversion>:<sym-rate>:<fec>:<qam>:<vpid>:<apid>:<service-id>
DVB-T <frequency>:<inversion>:<bw>:<fec-hp>:<fec-lp>:<qam>:<transmission-
mode>:<guardlist>:<hierarchy-info>:<vpid>:<apid>:<service-id>
DVB-A <frequency>:<qam>:<vpid>:<apid>:<service-id>
The individual parameters are:
frequency number, usually in kHz
polarisation `v' or `h'
sat-no unsigned long, usually 0
sym-rate symbol rate in MSyms/sec
inversion INVERSION_ON, INVERSION_OFF, INVERSION_AUTO
fec, fec-hp, fec-lp FEC_1_2, FEC_2_3, FEC_3_4 ... FEC_8_9, FEC_AUTO, FEC_NONE
qam QPSK, QAM_128, QAM_16 ...
bw BANDWIDTH_6_MHZ, BANDWIDTH_7_MHZ, BANDWIDTH_8_MHZ
transmission-mode TRANSMISSION_MODE_2K, TRANSMISSION_MODE_8K
guardlist GUARD_INTERVAL_1_4, GUARD_INTERVAL_1_8, GUARD_INTERVAL_1_16,
GUARD_INTERVAL_1_32,
hierarchy-info HIERARCHY_1, HIERARCHY_2, HIERARCHY_4, HIERARCHY_NONE
vpid video program ID
apid audio program ID
service-id service ID (needed for now/next information etc.)
The following keyboard & mouse inputs may be accepted:
Menu 2 Start/stop recording
Menu 3 Toggle zoom
Menu 7 Toggle now/next display
Previous/Next Chapter Previous/next channel
Mouse wheel & button 1 Scroll through channel list & select the highlighted channel
SUBTITLE
external subtitle files (any mrl)
Text subtitle files may be appended to the MRL:.
<mrl>#subtitle:<subtitlefile>
This is the normal way to define the subtitle file to use. The frontend will not
take any notice of the subtitle file. For example:
file://home/user/wibble.mpg#subtitle:/home/user/wibble.sub
(Note that some front ends can detect subtitles files where the name differs as
shown in the example.)
STREAM OPTIONS
After a delimiting # you can add several stream parameters:
novideo
Video will be ignored.
noaudio
Audio will be ignored.
nospu Subpictures will be ignored.
demux:<demux name>
Specify the demux plugin to use.
volume:<level>
Set audio volume.
compression:<level>
Set audio dynamic range compression.
<config entry>:<config value>
Assign a new value to any config entry.
save:<file>
Save the stream (if allowed) to the named file, relative to the directory given by
the option "media.capture.save_dir".
change configuration option 'on the fly':
You can change a configuration option at any time, using the special cfg:/ MRL
style. The syntax is:
cfg:/<config entry> : <config value>
Unlike stream config option, you can change anything before playing the stream.
SEE ALSO
xine(1), aaxine(1), gxine(1), toxine(1), totem(1), kaffeine(1) ...
The programs are documented fully on the xine home page: http://www.xine-project.org/
⟨http://www.xine-project.org/⟩
AUTHOR
This text was extracted from the xine man page by Darren Salt
<dsalt@users.sourceforge.net>. The xine man page was written by Siggi Langauf
<siggi@debian.org> for the xine project. Lots of additions by Guenter Bartsch
<guenter@users.sourceforge.net>, Daniel Caujolle-Bert <f1rmb@users.sourceforge.net>, Rocky
Bernstein <rocky@panix.com>, and Philipp Hahn <pmhahn@users.sourceforge.net>.