Provided by: ffmpeg_3.4.11-0ubuntu0.1_amd64 bug

NAME

       ffmpeg-filters - FFmpeg filters

DESCRIPTION

       This document describes filters, sources, and sinks provided by the libavfilter library.

FILTERING INTRODUCTION

       Filtering in FFmpeg is enabled through the libavfilter library.

       In libavfilter, a filter can have multiple inputs and multiple outputs.  To illustrate the sorts of
       things that are possible, we consider the following filtergraph.

                               [main]
               input --> split ---------------------> overlay --> output
                           |                             ^
                           |[tmp]                  [flip]|
                           +-----> crop --> vflip -------+

       This filtergraph splits the input stream in two streams, then sends one stream through the crop filter
       and the vflip filter, before merging it back with the other stream by overlaying it on top. You can use
       the following command to achieve this:

               ffmpeg -i INPUT -vf "split [main][tmp]; [tmp] crop=iw:ih/2:0:0, vflip [flip]; [main][flip] overlay=0:H/2" OUTPUT

       The result will be that the top half of the video is mirrored onto the bottom half of the output video.

       Filters in the same linear chain are separated by commas, and distinct linear chains of filters are
       separated by semicolons. In our example, crop,vflip are in one linear chain, split and overlay are
       separately in another. The points where the linear chains join are labelled by names enclosed in square
       brackets. In the example, the split filter generates two outputs that are associated to the labels [main]
       and [tmp].

       The stream sent to the second output of split, labelled as [tmp], is processed through the crop filter,
       which crops away the lower half part of the video, and then vertically flipped. The overlay filter takes
       in input the first unchanged output of the split filter (which was labelled as [main]), and overlay on
       its lower half the output generated by the crop,vflip filterchain.

       Some filters take in input a list of parameters: they are specified after the filter name and an equal
       sign, and are separated from each other by a colon.

       There exist so-called source filters that do not have an audio/video input, and sink filters that will
       not have audio/video output.

GRAPH

       The graph2dot program included in the FFmpeg tools directory can be used to parse a filtergraph
       description and issue a corresponding textual representation in the dot language.

       Invoke the command:

               graph2dot -h

       to see how to use graph2dot.

       You can then pass the dot description to the dot program (from the graphviz suite of programs) and obtain
       a graphical representation of the filtergraph.

       For example the sequence of commands:

               echo <GRAPH_DESCRIPTION> | \
               tools/graph2dot -o graph.tmp && \
               dot -Tpng graph.tmp -o graph.png && \
               display graph.png

       can be used to create and display an image representing the graph described by the GRAPH_DESCRIPTION
       string. Note that this string must be a complete self-contained graph, with its inputs and outputs
       explicitly defined.  For example if your command line is of the form:

               ffmpeg -i infile -vf scale=640:360 outfile

       your GRAPH_DESCRIPTION string will need to be of the form:

               nullsrc,scale=640:360,nullsink

       you may also need to set the nullsrc parameters and add a format filter in order to simulate a specific
       input file.

FILTERGRAPH DESCRIPTION

       A filtergraph is a directed graph of connected filters. It can contain cycles, and there can be multiple
       links between a pair of filters. Each link has one input pad on one side connecting it to one filter from
       which it takes its input, and one output pad on the other side connecting it to one filter accepting its
       output.

       Each filter in a filtergraph is an instance of a filter class registered in the application, which
       defines the features and the number of input and output pads of the filter.

       A filter with no input pads is called a "source", and a filter with no output pads is called a "sink".

   Filtergraph syntax
       A filtergraph has a textual representation, which is recognized by the -filter/-vf/-af and
       -filter_complex options in ffmpeg and -vf/-af in ffplay, and by the "avfilter_graph_parse_ptr()" function
       defined in libavfilter/avfilter.h.

       A filterchain consists of a sequence of connected filters, each one connected to the previous one in the
       sequence. A filterchain is represented by a list of ","-separated filter descriptions.

       A filtergraph consists of a sequence of filterchains. A sequence of filterchains is represented by a list
       of ";"-separated filterchain descriptions.

       A filter is represented by a string of the form:
       [in_link_1]...[in_link_N]filter_name@id=arguments[out_link_1]...[out_link_M]

       filter_name is the name of the filter class of which the described filter is an instance of, and has to
       be the name of one of the filter classes registered in the program optionally followed by "@id".  The
       name of the filter class is optionally followed by a string "=arguments".

       arguments is a string which contains the parameters used to initialize the filter instance. It may have
       one of two forms:

       •   A ':'-separated list of key=value pairs.

       •   A ':'-separated list of value. In this case, the keys are assumed to be the option names in the order
           they are declared. E.g. the "fade" filter declares three options in this order -- type, start_frame
           and nb_frames. Then the parameter list in:0:30 means that the value in is assigned to the option
           type, 0 to start_frame and 30 to nb_frames.

       •   A ':'-separated list of mixed direct value and long key=value pairs. The direct value must precede
           the key=value pairs, and follow the same constraints order of the previous point. The following
           key=value pairs can be set in any preferred order.

       If the option value itself is a list of items (e.g. the "format" filter takes a list of pixel formats),
       the items in the list are usually separated by |.

       The list of arguments can be quoted using the character ' as initial and ending mark, and the character \
       for escaping the characters within the quoted text; otherwise the argument string is considered
       terminated when the next special character (belonging to the set []=;,) is encountered.

       The name and arguments of the filter are optionally preceded and followed by a list of link labels.  A
       link label allows one to name a link and associate it to a filter output or input pad. The preceding
       labels in_link_1 ... in_link_N, are associated to the filter input pads, the following labels out_link_1
       ... out_link_M, are associated to the output pads.

       When two link labels with the same name are found in the filtergraph, a link between the corresponding
       input and output pad is created.

       If an output pad is not labelled, it is linked by default to the first unlabelled input pad of the next
       filter in the filterchain.  For example in the filterchain

               nullsrc, split[L1], [L2]overlay, nullsink

       the split filter instance has two output pads, and the overlay filter instance two input pads. The first
       output pad of split is labelled "L1", the first input pad of overlay is labelled "L2", and the second
       output pad of split is linked to the second input pad of overlay, which are both unlabelled.

       In a filter description, if the input label of the first filter is not specified, "in" is assumed; if the
       output label of the last filter is not specified, "out" is assumed.

       In a complete filterchain all the unlabelled filter input and output pads must be connected. A
       filtergraph is considered valid if all the filter input and output pads of all the filterchains are
       connected.

       Libavfilter will automatically insert scale filters where format conversion is required. It is possible
       to specify swscale flags for those automatically inserted scalers by prepending "sws_flags=flags;" to the
       filtergraph description.

       Here is a BNF description of the filtergraph syntax:

               <NAME>             ::= sequence of alphanumeric characters and '_'
               <FILTER_NAME>      ::= <NAME>["@"<NAME>]
               <LINKLABEL>        ::= "[" <NAME> "]"
               <LINKLABELS>       ::= <LINKLABEL> [<LINKLABELS>]
               <FILTER_ARGUMENTS> ::= sequence of chars (possibly quoted)
               <FILTER>           ::= [<LINKLABELS>] <FILTER_NAME> ["=" <FILTER_ARGUMENTS>] [<LINKLABELS>]
               <FILTERCHAIN>      ::= <FILTER> [,<FILTERCHAIN>]
               <FILTERGRAPH>      ::= [sws_flags=<flags>;] <FILTERCHAIN> [;<FILTERGRAPH>]

   Notes on filtergraph escaping
       Filtergraph description composition entails several levels of escaping. See the "Quoting and escaping"
       section in the ffmpeg-utils(1) manual for more information about the employed escaping procedure.

       A first level escaping affects the content of each filter option value, which may contain the special
       character ":" used to separate values, or one of the escaping characters "\'".

       A second level escaping affects the whole filter description, which may contain the escaping characters
       "\'" or the special characters "[],;" used by the filtergraph description.

       Finally, when you specify a filtergraph on a shell commandline, you need to perform a third level
       escaping for the shell special characters contained within it.

       For example, consider the following string to be embedded in the drawtext filter description text value:

               this is a 'string': may contain one, or more, special characters

       This string contains the "'" special escaping character, and the ":" special character, so it needs to be
       escaped in this way:

               text=this is a \'string\'\: may contain one, or more, special characters

       A second level of escaping is required when embedding the filter description in a filtergraph
       description, in order to escape all the filtergraph special characters. Thus the example above becomes:

               drawtext=text=this is a \\\'string\\\'\\: may contain one\, or more\, special characters

       (note that in addition to the "\'" escaping special characters, also "," needs to be escaped).

       Finally an additional level of escaping is needed when writing the filtergraph description in a shell
       command, which depends on the escaping rules of the adopted shell. For example, assuming that "\" is
       special and needs to be escaped with another "\", the previous string will finally result in:

               -vf "drawtext=text=this is a \\\\\\'string\\\\\\'\\\\: may contain one\\, or more\\, special characters"

TIMELINE EDITING

       Some filters support a generic enable option. For the filters supporting timeline editing, this option
       can be set to an expression which is evaluated before sending a frame to the filter. If the evaluation is
       non-zero, the filter will be enabled, otherwise the frame will be sent unchanged to the next filter in
       the filtergraph.

       The expression accepts the following values:

       t   timestamp expressed in seconds, NAN if the input timestamp is unknown

       n   sequential number of the input frame, starting from 0

       pos the position in the file of the input frame, NAN if unknown

       w
       h   width and height of the input frame if video

       Additionally, these filters support an enable command that can be used to re-define the expression.

       Like any other filtering option, the enable option follows the same rules.

       For example, to enable a blur filter (smartblur) from 10 seconds to 3 minutes, and a curves filter
       starting at 3 seconds:

               smartblur = enable='between(t,10,3*60)',
               curves    = enable='gte(t,3)' : preset=cross_process

       See "ffmpeg -filters" to view which filters have timeline support.

OPTIONS FOR FILTERS WITH SEVERAL INPUTS

       Some filters with several inputs support a common set of options.  These options can only be set by name,
       not with the short notation.

       eof_action
           The action to take when EOF is encountered on the secondary input; it accepts one of the following
           values:

           repeat
               Repeat the last frame (the default).

           endall
               End both streams.

           pass
               Pass the main input through.

       shortest
           If set to 1, force the output to terminate when the shortest input terminates. Default value is 0.

       repeatlast
           If set to 1, force the filter to extend the last frame of secondary streams until the end of the
           primary stream. A value of 0 disables this behavior.  Default value is 1.

AUDIO FILTERS

       When you configure your FFmpeg build, you can disable any of the existing filters using
       "--disable-filters".  The configure output will show the audio filters included in your build.

       Below is a description of the currently available audio filters.

   acompressor
       A compressor is mainly used to reduce the dynamic range of a signal.  Especially modern music is mostly
       compressed at a high ratio to improve the overall loudness. It's done to get the highest attention of a
       listener, "fatten" the sound and bring more "power" to the track.  If a signal is compressed too much it
       may sound dull or "dead" afterwards or it may start to "pump" (which could be a powerful effect but can
       also destroy a track completely).  The right compression is the key to reach a professional sound and is
       the high art of mixing and mastering. Because of its complex settings it may take a long time to get the
       right feeling for this kind of effect.

       Compression is done by detecting the volume above a chosen level "threshold" and dividing it by the
       factor set with "ratio".  So if you set the threshold to -12dB and your signal reaches -6dB a ratio of
       2:1 will result in a signal at -9dB. Because an exact manipulation of the signal would cause distortion
       of the waveform the reduction can be levelled over the time. This is done by setting "Attack" and
       "Release".  "attack" determines how long the signal has to rise above the threshold before any reduction
       will occur and "release" sets the time the signal has to fall below the threshold to reduce the reduction
       again. Shorter signals than the chosen attack time will be left untouched.  The overall reduction of the
       signal can be made up afterwards with the "makeup" setting. So compressing the peaks of a signal about
       6dB and raising the makeup to this level results in a signal twice as loud than the source. To gain a
       softer entry in the compression the "knee" flattens the hard edge at the threshold in the range of the
       chosen decibels.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       level_in
           Set input gain. Default is 1. Range is between 0.015625 and 64.

       threshold
           If a signal of stream rises above this level it will affect the gain reduction.  By default it is
           0.125. Range is between 0.00097563 and 1.

       ratio
           Set a ratio by which the signal is reduced. 1:2 means that if the level rose 4dB above the threshold,
           it will be only 2dB above after the reduction.  Default is 2. Range is between 1 and 20.

       attack
           Amount of milliseconds the signal has to rise above the threshold before gain reduction starts.
           Default is 20. Range is between 0.01 and 2000.

       release
           Amount of milliseconds the signal has to fall below the threshold before reduction is decreased
           again. Default is 250. Range is between 0.01 and 9000.

       makeup
           Set the amount by how much signal will be amplified after processing.  Default is 1. Range is from 1
           to 64.

       knee
           Curve the sharp knee around the threshold to enter gain reduction more softly.  Default is 2.82843.
           Range is between 1 and 8.

       link
           Choose if the "average" level between all channels of input stream or the louder("maximum") channel
           of input stream affects the reduction. Default is "average".

       detection
           Should the exact signal be taken in case of "peak" or an RMS one in case of "rms". Default is "rms"
           which is mostly smoother.

       mix How much to use compressed signal in output. Default is 1.  Range is between 0 and 1.

   acopy
       Copy the input audio source unchanged to the output. This is mainly useful for testing purposes.

   acrossfade
       Apply cross fade from one input audio stream to another input audio stream.  The cross fade is applied
       for specified duration near the end of first stream.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       nb_samples, ns
           Specify the number of samples for which the cross fade effect has to last.  At the end of the cross
           fade effect the first input audio will be completely silent. Default is 44100.

       duration, d
           Specify the duration of the cross fade effect. See the Time duration section in the ffmpeg-utils(1)
           manual for the accepted syntax.  By default the duration is determined by nb_samples.  If set this
           option is used instead of nb_samples.

       overlap, o
           Should first stream end overlap with second stream start. Default is enabled.

       curve1
           Set curve for cross fade transition for first stream.

       curve2
           Set curve for cross fade transition for second stream.

           For description of available curve types see afade filter description.

       Examples

       •   Cross fade from one input to another:

                   ffmpeg -i first.flac -i second.flac -filter_complex acrossfade=d=10:c1=exp:c2=exp output.flac

       •   Cross fade from one input to another but without overlapping:

                   ffmpeg -i first.flac -i second.flac -filter_complex acrossfade=d=10:o=0:c1=exp:c2=exp output.flac

   acrusher
       Reduce audio bit resolution.

       This filter is bit crusher with enhanced functionality. A bit crusher is used to audibly reduce number of
       bits an audio signal is sampled with. This doesn't change the bit depth at all, it just produces the
       effect. Material reduced in bit depth sounds more harsh and "digital".  This filter is able to even round
       to continuous values instead of discrete bit depths.  Additionally it has a D/C offset which results in
       different crushing of the lower and the upper half of the signal.  An Anti-Aliasing setting is able to
       produce "softer" crushing sounds.

       Another feature of this filter is the logarithmic mode.  This setting switches from linear distances
       between bits to logarithmic ones.  The result is a much more "natural" sounding crusher which doesn't
       gate low signals for example. The human ear has a logarithmic perception, too so this kind of crushing is
       much more pleasant.  Logarithmic crushing is also able to get anti-aliased.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       level_in
           Set level in.

       level_out
           Set level out.

       bits
           Set bit reduction.

       mix Set mixing amount.

       mode
           Can be linear: "lin" or logarithmic: "log".

       dc  Set DC.

       aa  Set anti-aliasing.

       samples
           Set sample reduction.

       lfo Enable LFO. By default disabled.

       lforange
           Set LFO range.

       lforate
           Set LFO rate.

   adelay
       Delay one or more audio channels.

       Samples in delayed channel are filled with silence.

       The filter accepts the following option:

       delays
           Set list of delays in milliseconds for each channel separated by '|'.  Unused delays will be silently
           ignored. If number of given delays is smaller than number of channels all remaining channels will not
           be delayed.  If you want to delay exact number of samples, append 'S' to number.

       Examples

       •   Delay first channel by 1.5 seconds, the third channel by 0.5 seconds and leave the second channel
           (and any other channels that may be present) unchanged.

                   adelay=1500|0|500

       •   Delay second channel by 500 samples, the third channel by 700 samples and leave the first channel
           (and any other channels that may be present) unchanged.

                   adelay=0|500S|700S

   aecho
       Apply echoing to the input audio.

       Echoes are reflected sound and can occur naturally amongst mountains (and sometimes large buildings) when
       talking or shouting; digital echo effects emulate this behaviour and are often used to help fill out the
       sound of a single instrument or vocal. The time difference between the original signal and the reflection
       is the "delay", and the loudness of the reflected signal is the "decay".  Multiple echoes can have
       different delays and decays.

       A description of the accepted parameters follows.

       in_gain
           Set input gain of reflected signal. Default is 0.6.

       out_gain
           Set output gain of reflected signal. Default is 0.3.

       delays
           Set list of time intervals in milliseconds between original signal and reflections separated by '|'.
           Allowed range for each "delay" is "(0 - 90000.0]".  Default is 1000.

       decays
           Set list of loudness of reflected signals separated by '|'.  Allowed range for each "decay" is "(0 -
           1.0]".  Default is 0.5.

       Examples

       •   Make it sound as if there are twice as many instruments as are actually playing:

                   aecho=0.8:0.88:60:0.4

       •   If delay is very short, then it sound like a (metallic) robot playing music:

                   aecho=0.8:0.88:6:0.4

       •   A longer delay will sound like an open air concert in the mountains:

                   aecho=0.8:0.9:1000:0.3

       •   Same as above but with one more mountain:

                   aecho=0.8:0.9:1000|1800:0.3|0.25

   aemphasis
       Audio emphasis filter creates or restores material directly taken from LPs or emphased CDs with different
       filter curves. E.g. to store music on vinyl the signal has to be altered by a filter first to even out
       the disadvantages of this recording medium.  Once the material is played back the inverse filter has to
       be applied to restore the distortion of the frequency response.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       level_in
           Set input gain.

       level_out
           Set output gain.

       mode
           Set filter mode. For restoring material use "reproduction" mode, otherwise use "production" mode.
           Default is "reproduction" mode.

       type
           Set filter type. Selects medium. Can be one of the following:

           col select Columbia.

           emi select EMI.

           bsi select BSI (78RPM).

           riaa
               select RIAA.

           cd  select Compact Disc (CD).

           50fm
               select 50Xs (FM).

           75fm
               select 75Xs (FM).

           50kf
               select 50Xs (FM-KF).

           75kf
               select 75Xs (FM-KF).

   aeval
       Modify an audio signal according to the specified expressions.

       This filter accepts one or more expressions (one for each channel), which are evaluated and used to
       modify a corresponding audio signal.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       exprs
           Set the '|'-separated expressions list for each separate channel. If the number of input channels is
           greater than the number of expressions, the last specified expression is used for the remaining
           output channels.

       channel_layout, c
           Set output channel layout. If not specified, the channel layout is specified by the number of
           expressions. If set to same, it will use by default the same input channel layout.

       Each expression in exprs can contain the following constants and functions:

       ch  channel number of the current expression

       n   number of the evaluated sample, starting from 0

       s   sample rate

       t   time of the evaluated sample expressed in seconds

       nb_in_channels
       nb_out_channels
           input and output number of channels

       val(CH)
           the value of input channel with number CH

       Note: this filter is slow. For faster processing you should use a dedicated filter.

       Examples

       •   Half volume:

                   aeval=val(ch)/2:c=same

       •   Invert phase of the second channel:

                   aeval=val(0)|-val(1)

   afade
       Apply fade-in/out effect to input audio.

       A description of the accepted parameters follows.

       type, t
           Specify the effect type, can be either "in" for fade-in, or "out" for a fade-out effect. Default is
           "in".

       start_sample, ss
           Specify the number of the start sample for starting to apply the fade effect. Default is 0.

       nb_samples, ns
           Specify the number of samples for which the fade effect has to last. At the end of the fade-in effect
           the output audio will have the same volume as the input audio, at the end of the fade-out transition
           the output audio will be silence. Default is 44100.

       start_time, st
           Specify the start time of the fade effect. Default is 0.  The value must be specified as a time
           duration; see the Time duration section in the ffmpeg-utils(1) manual for the accepted syntax.  If
           set this option is used instead of start_sample.

       duration, d
           Specify the duration of the fade effect. See the Time duration section in the ffmpeg-utils(1) manual
           for the accepted syntax.  At the end of the fade-in effect the output audio will have the same volume
           as the input audio, at the end of the fade-out transition the output audio will be silence.  By
           default the duration is determined by nb_samples.  If set this option is used instead of nb_samples.

       curve
           Set curve for fade transition.

           It accepts the following values:

           tri select triangular, linear slope (default)

           qsin
               select quarter of sine wave

           hsin
               select half of sine wave

           esin
               select exponential sine wave

           log select logarithmic

           ipar
               select inverted parabola

           qua select quadratic

           cub select cubic

           squ select square root

           cbr select cubic root

           par select parabola

           exp select exponential

           iqsin
               select inverted quarter of sine wave

           ihsin
               select inverted half of sine wave

           dese
               select double-exponential seat

           desi
               select double-exponential sigmoid

       Examples

       •   Fade in first 15 seconds of audio:

                   afade=t=in:ss=0:d=15

       •   Fade out last 25 seconds of a 900 seconds audio:

                   afade=t=out:st=875:d=25

   afftfilt
       Apply arbitrary expressions to samples in frequency domain.

       real
           Set frequency domain real expression for each separate channel separated by '|'. Default is "1".  If
           the number of input channels is greater than the number of expressions, the last specified expression
           is used for the remaining output channels.

       imag
           Set frequency domain imaginary expression for each separate channel separated by '|'. If not set,
           real option is used.

           Each expression in real and imag can contain the following constants:

           sr  sample rate

           b   current frequency bin number

           nb  number of available bins

           ch  channel number of the current expression

           chs number of channels

           pts current frame pts

       win_size
           Set window size.

           It accepts the following values:

           w16
           w32
           w64
           w128
           w256
           w512
           w1024
           w2048
           w4096
           w8192
           w16384
           w32768
           w65536

           Default is "w4096"

       win_func
           Set window function. Default is "hann".

       overlap
           Set window overlap. If set to 1, the recommended overlap for selected window function will be picked.
           Default is 0.75.

       Examples

       •   Leave almost only low frequencies in audio:

                   afftfilt="1-clip((b/nb)*b,0,1)"

   afir
       Apply an arbitrary Frequency Impulse Response filter.

       This filter is designed for applying long FIR filters, up to 30 seconds long.

       It can be used as component for digital crossover filters, room equalization, cross talk cancellation,
       wavefield synthesis, auralization, ambiophonics and ambisonics.

       This filter uses second stream as FIR coefficients.  If second stream holds single channel, it will be
       used for all input channels in first stream, otherwise number of channels in second stream must be same
       as number of channels in first stream.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       dry Set dry gain. This sets input gain.

       wet Set wet gain. This sets final output gain.

       length
           Set Impulse Response filter length. Default is 1, which means whole IR is processed.

       again
           Enable applying gain measured from power of IR.

       Examples

       •   Apply reverb to stream using mono IR file as second input, complete command using ffmpeg:

                   ffmpeg -i input.wav -i middle_tunnel_1way_mono.wav -lavfi afir output.wav

   aformat
       Set output format constraints for the input audio. The framework will negotiate the most appropriate
       format to minimize conversions.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       sample_fmts
           A '|'-separated list of requested sample formats.

       sample_rates
           A '|'-separated list of requested sample rates.

       channel_layouts
           A '|'-separated list of requested channel layouts.

           See the Channel Layout section in the ffmpeg-utils(1) manual for the required syntax.

       If a parameter is omitted, all values are allowed.

       Force the output to either unsigned 8-bit or signed 16-bit stereo

               aformat=sample_fmts=u8|s16:channel_layouts=stereo

   agate
       A gate is mainly used to reduce lower parts of a signal. This kind of signal processing reduces
       disturbing noise between useful signals.

       Gating is done by detecting the volume below a chosen level threshold and dividing it by the factor set
       with ratio. The bottom of the noise floor is set via range. Because an exact manipulation of the signal
       would cause distortion of the waveform the reduction can be levelled over time. This is done by setting
       attack and release.

       attack determines how long the signal has to fall below the threshold before any reduction will occur and
       release sets the time the signal has to rise above the threshold to reduce the reduction again.  Shorter
       signals than the chosen attack time will be left untouched.

       level_in
           Set input level before filtering.  Default is 1. Allowed range is from 0.015625 to 64.

       range
           Set the level of gain reduction when the signal is below the threshold.  Default is 0.06125. Allowed
           range is from 0 to 1.

       threshold
           If a signal rises above this level the gain reduction is released.  Default is 0.125. Allowed range
           is from 0 to 1.

       ratio
           Set a ratio by which the signal is reduced.  Default is 2. Allowed range is from 1 to 9000.

       attack
           Amount of milliseconds the signal has to rise above the threshold before gain reduction stops.
           Default is 20 milliseconds. Allowed range is from 0.01 to 9000.

       release
           Amount of milliseconds the signal has to fall below the threshold before the reduction is increased
           again. Default is 250 milliseconds.  Allowed range is from 0.01 to 9000.

       makeup
           Set amount of amplification of signal after processing.  Default is 1. Allowed range is from 1 to 64.

       knee
           Curve the sharp knee around the threshold to enter gain reduction more softly.  Default is
           2.828427125. Allowed range is from 1 to 8.

       detection
           Choose if exact signal should be taken for detection or an RMS like one.  Default is "rms". Can be
           "peak" or "rms".

       link
           Choose if the average level between all channels or the louder channel affects the reduction.
           Default is "average". Can be "average" or "maximum".

   alimiter
       The limiter prevents an input signal from rising over a desired threshold.  This limiter uses lookahead
       technology to prevent your signal from distorting.  It means that there is a small delay after the signal
       is processed. Keep in mind that the delay it produces is the attack time you set.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       level_in
           Set input gain. Default is 1.

       level_out
           Set output gain. Default is 1.

       limit
           Don't let signals above this level pass the limiter. Default is 1.

       attack
           The limiter will reach its attenuation level in this amount of time in milliseconds. Default is 5
           milliseconds.

       release
           Come back from limiting to attenuation 1.0 in this amount of milliseconds.  Default is 50
           milliseconds.

       asc When gain reduction is always needed ASC takes care of releasing to an average reduction level rather
           than reaching a reduction of 0 in the release time.

       asc_level
           Select how much the release time is affected by ASC, 0 means nearly no changes in release time while
           1 produces higher release times.

       level
           Auto level output signal. Default is enabled.  This normalizes audio back to 0dB if enabled.

       Depending on picked setting it is recommended to upsample input 2x or 4x times with aresample before
       applying this filter.

   allpass
       Apply a two-pole all-pass filter with central frequency (in Hz) frequency, and filter-width width.  An
       all-pass filter changes the audio's frequency to phase relationship without changing its frequency to
       amplitude relationship.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       frequency, f
           Set frequency in Hz.

       width_type, t
           Set method to specify band-width of filter.

           h   Hz

           q   Q-Factor

           o   octave

           s   slope

       width, w
           Specify the band-width of a filter in width_type units.

       channels, c
           Specify which channels to filter, by default all available are filtered.

   aloop
       Loop audio samples.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       loop
           Set the number of loops.

       size
           Set maximal number of samples.

       start
           Set first sample of loop.

   amerge
       Merge two or more audio streams into a single multi-channel stream.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       inputs
           Set the number of inputs. Default is 2.

       If the channel layouts of the inputs are disjoint, and therefore compatible, the channel layout of the
       output will be set accordingly and the channels will be reordered as necessary. If the channel layouts of
       the inputs are not disjoint, the output will have all the channels of the first input then all the
       channels of the second input, in that order, and the channel layout of the output will be the default
       value corresponding to the total number of channels.

       For example, if the first input is in 2.1 (FL+FR+LF) and the second input is FC+BL+BR, then the output
       will be in 5.1, with the channels in the following order: a1, a2, b1, a3, b2, b3 (a1 is the first channel
       of the first input, b1 is the first channel of the second input).

       On the other hand, if both input are in stereo, the output channels will be in the default order: a1, a2,
       b1, b2, and the channel layout will be arbitrarily set to 4.0, which may or may not be the expected
       value.

       All inputs must have the same sample rate, and format.

       If inputs do not have the same duration, the output will stop with the shortest.

       Examples

       •   Merge two mono files into a stereo stream:

                   amovie=left.wav [l] ; amovie=right.mp3 [r] ; [l] [r] amerge

       •   Multiple merges assuming 1 video stream and 6 audio streams in input.mkv:

                   ffmpeg -i input.mkv -filter_complex "[0:1][0:2][0:3][0:4][0:5][0:6] amerge=inputs=6" -c:a pcm_s16le output.mkv

   amix
       Mixes multiple audio inputs into a single output.

       Note that this filter only supports float samples (the amerge and pan audio filters support many
       formats). If the amix input has integer samples then aresample will be automatically inserted to perform
       the conversion to float samples.

       For example

               ffmpeg -i INPUT1 -i INPUT2 -i INPUT3 -filter_complex amix=inputs=3:duration=first:dropout_transition=3 OUTPUT

       will mix 3 input audio streams to a single output with the same duration as the first input and a dropout
       transition time of 3 seconds.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       inputs
           The number of inputs. If unspecified, it defaults to 2.

       duration
           How to determine the end-of-stream.

           longest
               The duration of the longest input. (default)

           shortest
               The duration of the shortest input.

           first
               The duration of the first input.

       dropout_transition
           The transition time, in seconds, for volume renormalization when an input stream ends. The default
           value is 2 seconds.

   anequalizer
       High-order parametric multiband equalizer for each channel.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       params
           This option string is in format: "cchn f=cf w=w g=g t=f | ..."  Each equalizer band is separated by
           '|'.

           chn Set channel number to which equalization will be applied.  If input doesn't have that channel the
               entry is ignored.

           f   Set central frequency for band.  If input doesn't have that frequency the entry is ignored.

           w   Set band width in hertz.

           g   Set band gain in dB.

           t   Set filter type for band, optional, can be:

               0   Butterworth, this is default.

               1   Chebyshev type 1.

               2   Chebyshev type 2.

       curves
           With this option activated frequency response of anequalizer is displayed in video stream.

       size
           Set video stream size. Only useful if curves option is activated.

       mgain
           Set max gain that will be displayed. Only useful if curves option is activated.  Setting this to a
           reasonable value makes it possible to display gain which is derived from neighbour bands which are
           too close to each other and thus produce higher gain when both are activated.

       fscale
           Set frequency scale used to draw frequency response in video output.  Can be linear or logarithmic.
           Default is logarithmic.

       colors
           Set color for each channel curve which is going to be displayed in video stream.  This is list of
           color names separated by space or by '|'.  Unrecognised or missing colors will be replaced by white
           color.

       Examples

       •   Lower gain by 10 of central frequency 200Hz and width 100 Hz for first 2 channels using Chebyshev
           type 1 filter:

                   anequalizer=c0 f=200 w=100 g=-10 t=1|c1 f=200 w=100 g=-10 t=1

       Commands

       This filter supports the following commands:

       change
           Alter existing filter parameters.  Syntax for the commands is : "fN|f=freq|w=width|g=gain"

           fN is existing filter number, starting from 0, if no such filter is available error is returned.
           freq set new frequency parameter.  width set new width parameter in herz.  gain set new gain
           parameter in dB.

           Full filter invocation with asendcmd may look like this: asendcmd=c='4.0 anequalizer change
           0|f=200|w=50|g=1',anequalizer=...

   anull
       Pass the audio source unchanged to the output.

   apad
       Pad the end of an audio stream with silence.

       This can be used together with ffmpeg -shortest to extend audio streams to the same length as the video
       stream.

       A description of the accepted options follows.

       packet_size
           Set silence packet size. Default value is 4096.

       pad_len
           Set the number of samples of silence to add to the end. After the value is reached, the stream is
           terminated. This option is mutually exclusive with whole_len.

       whole_len
           Set the minimum total number of samples in the output audio stream. If the value is longer than the
           input audio length, silence is added to the end, until the value is reached. This option is mutually
           exclusive with pad_len.

       If neither the pad_len nor the whole_len option is set, the filter will add silence to the end of the
       input stream indefinitely.

       Examples

       •   Add 1024 samples of silence to the end of the input:

                   apad=pad_len=1024

       •   Make sure the audio output will contain at least 10000 samples, pad the input with silence if
           required:

                   apad=whole_len=10000

       •   Use ffmpeg to pad the audio input with silence, so that the video stream will always result the
           shortest and will be converted until the end in the output file when using the shortest option:

                   ffmpeg -i VIDEO -i AUDIO -filter_complex "[1:0]apad" -shortest OUTPUT

   aphaser
       Add a phasing effect to the input audio.

       A phaser filter creates series of peaks and troughs in the frequency spectrum.  The position of the peaks
       and troughs are modulated so that they vary over time, creating a sweeping effect.

       A description of the accepted parameters follows.

       in_gain
           Set input gain. Default is 0.4.

       out_gain
           Set output gain. Default is 0.74

       delay
           Set delay in milliseconds. Default is 3.0.

       decay
           Set decay. Default is 0.4.

       speed
           Set modulation speed in Hz. Default is 0.5.

       type
           Set modulation type. Default is triangular.

           It accepts the following values:

           triangular, t
           sinusoidal, s

   apulsator
       Audio pulsator is something between an autopanner and a tremolo.  But it can produce funny stereo effects
       as well. Pulsator changes the volume of the left and right channel based on a LFO (low frequency
       oscillator) with different waveforms and shifted phases.  This filter have the ability to define an
       offset between left and right channel. An offset of 0 means that both LFO shapes match each other.  The
       left and right channel are altered equally - a conventional tremolo.  An offset of 50% means that the
       shape of the right channel is exactly shifted in phase (or moved backwards about half of the frequency) -
       pulsator acts as an autopanner. At 1 both curves match again. Every setting in between moves the phase
       shift gapless between all stages and produces some "bypassing" sounds with sine and triangle waveforms.
       The more you set the offset near 1 (starting from the 0.5) the faster the signal passes from the left to
       the right speaker.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       level_in
           Set input gain. By default it is 1. Range is [0.015625 - 64].

       level_out
           Set output gain. By default it is 1. Range is [0.015625 - 64].

       mode
           Set waveform shape the LFO will use. Can be one of: sine, triangle, square, sawup or sawdown. Default
           is sine.

       amount
           Set modulation. Define how much of original signal is affected by the LFO.

       offset_l
           Set left channel offset. Default is 0. Allowed range is [0 - 1].

       offset_r
           Set right channel offset. Default is 0.5. Allowed range is [0 - 1].

       width
           Set pulse width. Default is 1. Allowed range is [0 - 2].

       timing
           Set possible timing mode. Can be one of: bpm, ms or hz. Default is hz.

       bpm Set bpm. Default is 120. Allowed range is [30 - 300]. Only used if timing is set to bpm.

       ms  Set ms. Default is 500. Allowed range is [10 - 2000]. Only used if timing is set to ms.

       hz  Set frequency in Hz. Default is 2. Allowed range is [0.01 - 100]. Only used if timing is set to hz.

   aresample
       Resample the input audio to the specified parameters, using the libswresample library. If none are
       specified then the filter will automatically convert between its input and output.

       This filter is also able to stretch/squeeze the audio data to make it match the timestamps or to inject
       silence / cut out audio to make it match the timestamps, do a combination of both or do neither.

       The filter accepts the syntax [sample_rate:]resampler_options, where sample_rate expresses a sample rate
       and resampler_options is a list of key=value pairs, separated by ":". See the the "Resampler Options"
       section in the ffmpeg-resampler(1) manual for the complete list of supported options.

       Examples

       •   Resample the input audio to 44100Hz:

                   aresample=44100

       •   Stretch/squeeze samples to the given timestamps, with a maximum of 1000 samples per second
           compensation:

                   aresample=async=1000

   areverse
       Reverse an audio clip.

       Warning: This filter requires memory to buffer the entire clip, so trimming is suggested.

       Examples

       •   Take the first 5 seconds of a clip, and reverse it.

                   atrim=end=5,areverse

   asetnsamples
       Set the number of samples per each output audio frame.

       The last output packet may contain a different number of samples, as the filter will flush all the
       remaining samples when the input audio signals its end.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       nb_out_samples, n
           Set the number of frames per each output audio frame. The number is intended as the number of samples
           per each channel.  Default value is 1024.

       pad, p
           If set to 1, the filter will pad the last audio frame with zeroes, so that the last frame will
           contain the same number of samples as the previous ones. Default value is 1.

       For example, to set the number of per-frame samples to 1234 and disable padding for the last frame, use:

               asetnsamples=n=1234:p=0

   asetrate
       Set the sample rate without altering the PCM data.  This will result in a change of speed and pitch.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       sample_rate, r
           Set the output sample rate. Default is 44100 Hz.

   ashowinfo
       Show a line containing various information for each input audio frame.  The input audio is not modified.

       The shown line contains a sequence of key/value pairs of the form key:value.

       The following values are shown in the output:

       n   The (sequential) number of the input frame, starting from 0.

       pts The presentation timestamp of the input frame, in time base units; the time base depends on the
           filter input pad, and is usually 1/sample_rate.

       pts_time
           The presentation timestamp of the input frame in seconds.

       pos position of the frame in the input stream, -1 if this information in unavailable and/or meaningless
           (for example in case of synthetic audio)

       fmt The sample format.

       chlayout
           The channel layout.

       rate
           The sample rate for the audio frame.

       nb_samples
           The number of samples (per channel) in the frame.

       checksum
           The Adler-32 checksum (printed in hexadecimal) of the audio data. For planar audio, the data is
           treated as if all the planes were concatenated.

       plane_checksums
           A list of Adler-32 checksums for each data plane.

   astats
       Display time domain statistical information about the audio channels.  Statistics are calculated and
       displayed for each audio channel and, where applicable, an overall figure is also given.

       It accepts the following option:

       length
           Short window length in seconds, used for peak and trough RMS measurement.  Default is 0.05 (50
           milliseconds). Allowed range is "[0.1 - 10]".

       metadata
           Set metadata injection. All the metadata keys are prefixed with "lavfi.astats.X", where "X" is
           channel number starting from 1 or string "Overall". Default is disabled.

           Available keys for each channel are: DC_offset Min_level Max_level Min_difference Max_difference
           Mean_difference RMS_difference Peak_level RMS_peak RMS_trough Crest_factor Flat_factor Peak_count
           Bit_depth Dynamic_range

           and for Overall: DC_offset Min_level Max_level Min_difference Max_difference Mean_difference
           RMS_difference Peak_level RMS_level RMS_peak RMS_trough Flat_factor Peak_count Bit_depth
           Number_of_samples

           For example full key look like this "lavfi.astats.1.DC_offset" or this
           "lavfi.astats.Overall.Peak_count".

           For description what each key means read below.

       reset
           Set number of frame after which stats are going to be recalculated.  Default is disabled.

       A description of each shown parameter follows:

       DC offset
           Mean amplitude displacement from zero.

       Min level
           Minimal sample level.

       Max level
           Maximal sample level.

       Min difference
           Minimal difference between two consecutive samples.

       Max difference
           Maximal difference between two consecutive samples.

       Mean difference
           Mean difference between two consecutive samples.  The average of each difference between two
           consecutive samples.

       RMS difference
           Root Mean Square difference between two consecutive samples.

       Peak level dB
       RMS level dB
           Standard peak and RMS level measured in dBFS.

       RMS peak dB
       RMS trough dB
           Peak and trough values for RMS level measured over a short window.

       Crest factor
           Standard ratio of peak to RMS level (note: not in dB).

       Flat factor
           Flatness (i.e. consecutive samples with the same value) of the signal at its peak levels (i.e. either
           Min level or Max level).

       Peak count
           Number of occasions (not the number of samples) that the signal attained either Min level or Max
           level.

       Bit depth
           Overall bit depth of audio. Number of bits used for each sample.

       Dynamic range
           Measured dynamic range of audio in dB.

   atempo
       Adjust audio tempo.

       The filter accepts exactly one parameter, the audio tempo. If not specified then the filter will assume
       nominal 1.0 tempo. Tempo must be in the [0.5, 2.0] range.

       Examples

       •   Slow down audio to 80% tempo:

                   atempo=0.8

       •   To speed up audio to 125% tempo:

                   atempo=1.25

   atrim
       Trim the input so that the output contains one continuous subpart of the input.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       start
           Timestamp (in seconds) of the start of the section to keep. I.e. the audio sample with the timestamp
           start will be the first sample in the output.

       end Specify time of the first audio sample that will be dropped, i.e. the audio sample immediately
           preceding the one with the timestamp end will be the last sample in the output.

       start_pts
           Same as start, except this option sets the start timestamp in samples instead of seconds.

       end_pts
           Same as end, except this option sets the end timestamp in samples instead of seconds.

       duration
           The maximum duration of the output in seconds.

       start_sample
           The number of the first sample that should be output.

       end_sample
           The number of the first sample that should be dropped.

       start, end, and duration are expressed as time duration specifications; see the Time duration section in
       the ffmpeg-utils(1) manual.

       Note that the first two sets of the start/end options and the duration option look at the frame
       timestamp, while the _sample options simply count the samples that pass through the filter. So
       start/end_pts and start/end_sample will give different results when the timestamps are wrong, inexact or
       do not start at zero. Also note that this filter does not modify the timestamps. If you wish to have the
       output timestamps start at zero, insert the asetpts filter after the atrim filter.

       If multiple start or end options are set, this filter tries to be greedy and keep all samples that match
       at least one of the specified constraints. To keep only the part that matches all the constraints at
       once, chain multiple atrim filters.

       The defaults are such that all the input is kept. So it is possible to set e.g.  just the end values to
       keep everything before the specified time.

       Examples:

       •   Drop everything except the second minute of input:

                   ffmpeg -i INPUT -af atrim=60:120

       •   Keep only the first 1000 samples:

                   ffmpeg -i INPUT -af atrim=end_sample=1000

   bandpass
       Apply a two-pole Butterworth band-pass filter with central frequency frequency, and (3dB-point) band-
       width width.  The csg option selects a constant skirt gain (peak gain = Q) instead of the default:
       constant 0dB peak gain.  The filter roll off at 6dB per octave (20dB per decade).

       The filter accepts the following options:

       frequency, f
           Set the filter's central frequency. Default is 3000.

       csg Constant skirt gain if set to 1. Defaults to 0.

       width_type, t
           Set method to specify band-width of filter.

           h   Hz

           q   Q-Factor

           o   octave

           s   slope

       width, w
           Specify the band-width of a filter in width_type units.

       channels, c
           Specify which channels to filter, by default all available are filtered.

   bandreject
       Apply a two-pole Butterworth band-reject filter with central frequency frequency, and (3dB-point) band-
       width width.  The filter roll off at 6dB per octave (20dB per decade).

       The filter accepts the following options:

       frequency, f
           Set the filter's central frequency. Default is 3000.

       width_type, t
           Set method to specify band-width of filter.

           h   Hz

           q   Q-Factor

           o   octave

           s   slope

       width, w
           Specify the band-width of a filter in width_type units.

       channels, c
           Specify which channels to filter, by default all available are filtered.

   bass
       Boost or cut the bass (lower) frequencies of the audio using a two-pole shelving filter with a response
       similar to that of a standard hi-fi's tone-controls. This is also known as shelving equalisation (EQ).

       The filter accepts the following options:

       gain, g
           Give the gain at 0 Hz. Its useful range is about -20 (for a large cut) to +20 (for a large boost).
           Beware of clipping when using a positive gain.

       frequency, f
           Set the filter's central frequency and so can be used to extend or reduce the frequency range to be
           boosted or cut.  The default value is 100 Hz.

       width_type, t
           Set method to specify band-width of filter.

           h   Hz

           q   Q-Factor

           o   octave

           s   slope

       width, w
           Determine how steep is the filter's shelf transition.

       channels, c
           Specify which channels to filter, by default all available are filtered.

   biquad
       Apply a biquad IIR filter with the given coefficients.  Where b0, b1, b2 and a0, a1, a2 are the numerator
       and denominator coefficients respectively.  and channels, c specify which channels to filter, by default
       all available are filtered.

   bs2b
       Bauer stereo to binaural transformation, which improves headphone listening of stereo audio records.

       To enable compilation of this filter you need to configure FFmpeg with "--enable-libbs2b".

       It accepts the following parameters:

       profile
           Pre-defined crossfeed level.

           default
               Default level (fcut=700, feed=50).

           cmoy
               Chu Moy circuit (fcut=700, feed=60).

           jmeier
               Jan Meier circuit (fcut=650, feed=95).

       fcut
           Cut frequency (in Hz).

       feed
           Feed level (in Hz).

   channelmap
       Remap input channels to new locations.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       map Map channels from input to output. The argument is a '|'-separated list of mappings, each in the
           "in_channel-out_channel" or in_channel form. in_channel can be either the name of the input channel
           (e.g. FL for front left) or its index in the input channel layout.  out_channel is the name of the
           output channel or its index in the output channel layout. If out_channel is not given then it is
           implicitly an index, starting with zero and increasing by one for each mapping.

       channel_layout
           The channel layout of the output stream.

       If no mapping is present, the filter will implicitly map input channels to output channels, preserving
       indices.

       For example, assuming a 5.1+downmix input MOV file,

               ffmpeg -i in.mov -filter 'channelmap=map=DL-FL|DR-FR' out.wav

       will create an output WAV file tagged as stereo from the downmix channels of the input.

       To fix a 5.1 WAV improperly encoded in AAC's native channel order

               ffmpeg -i in.wav -filter 'channelmap=1|2|0|5|3|4:5.1' out.wav

   channelsplit
       Split each channel from an input audio stream into a separate output stream.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       channel_layout
           The channel layout of the input stream. The default is "stereo".

       For example, assuming a stereo input MP3 file,

               ffmpeg -i in.mp3 -filter_complex channelsplit out.mkv

       will create an output Matroska file with two audio streams, one containing only the left channel and the
       other the right channel.

       Split a 5.1 WAV file into per-channel files:

               ffmpeg -i in.wav -filter_complex
               'channelsplit=channel_layout=5.1[FL][FR][FC][LFE][SL][SR]'
               -map '[FL]' front_left.wav -map '[FR]' front_right.wav -map '[FC]'
               front_center.wav -map '[LFE]' lfe.wav -map '[SL]' side_left.wav -map '[SR]'
               side_right.wav

   chorus
       Add a chorus effect to the audio.

       Can make a single vocal sound like a chorus, but can also be applied to instrumentation.

       Chorus resembles an echo effect with a short delay, but whereas with echo the delay is constant, with
       chorus, it is varied using using sinusoidal or triangular modulation.  The modulation depth defines the
       range the modulated delay is played before or after the delay. Hence the delayed sound will sound slower
       or faster, that is the delayed sound tuned around the original one, like in a chorus where some vocals
       are slightly off key.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       in_gain
           Set input gain. Default is 0.4.

       out_gain
           Set output gain. Default is 0.4.

       delays
           Set delays. A typical delay is around 40ms to 60ms.

       decays
           Set decays.

       speeds
           Set speeds.

       depths
           Set depths.

       Examples

       •   A single delay:

                   chorus=0.7:0.9:55:0.4:0.25:2

       •   Two delays:

                   chorus=0.6:0.9:50|60:0.4|0.32:0.25|0.4:2|1.3

       •   Fuller sounding chorus with three delays:

                   chorus=0.5:0.9:50|60|40:0.4|0.32|0.3:0.25|0.4|0.3:2|2.3|1.3

   compand
       Compress or expand the audio's dynamic range.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       attacks
       decays
           A list of times in seconds for each channel over which the instantaneous level of the input signal is
           averaged to determine its volume. attacks refers to increase of volume and decays refers to decrease
           of volume. For most situations, the attack time (response to the audio getting louder) should be
           shorter than the decay time, because the human ear is more sensitive to sudden loud audio than sudden
           soft audio. A typical value for attack is 0.3 seconds and a typical value for decay is 0.8 seconds.
           If specified number of attacks & decays is lower than number of channels, the last set attack/decay
           will be used for all remaining channels.

       points
           A list of points for the transfer function, specified in dB relative to the maximum possible signal
           amplitude. Each key points list must be defined using the following syntax: "x0/y0|x1/y1|x2/y2|...."
           or "x0/y0 x1/y1 x2/y2 ...."

           The input values must be in strictly increasing order but the transfer function does not have to be
           monotonically rising. The point "0/0" is assumed but may be overridden (by "0/out-dBn"). Typical
           values for the transfer function are "-70/-70|-60/-20|1/0".

       soft-knee
           Set the curve radius in dB for all joints. It defaults to 0.01.

       gain
           Set the additional gain in dB to be applied at all points on the transfer function. This allows for
           easy adjustment of the overall gain.  It defaults to 0.

       volume
           Set an initial volume, in dB, to be assumed for each channel when filtering starts. This permits the
           user to supply a nominal level initially, so that, for example, a very large gain is not applied to
           initial signal levels before the companding has begun to operate. A typical value for audio which is
           initially quiet is -90 dB. It defaults to 0.

       delay
           Set a delay, in seconds. The input audio is analyzed immediately, but audio is delayed before being
           fed to the volume adjuster. Specifying a delay approximately equal to the attack/decay times allows
           the filter to effectively operate in predictive rather than reactive mode. It defaults to 0.

       Examples

       •   Make music with both quiet and loud passages suitable for listening to in a noisy environment:

                   compand=.3|.3:1|1:-90/-60|-60/-40|-40/-30|-20/-20:6:0:-90:0.2

           Another example for audio with whisper and explosion parts:

                   compand=0|0:1|1:-90/-900|-70/-70|-30/-9|0/-3:6:0:0:0

       •   A noise gate for when the noise is at a lower level than the signal:

                   compand=.1|.1:.2|.2:-900/-900|-50.1/-900|-50/-50:.01:0:-90:.1

       •   Here is another noise gate, this time for when the noise is at a higher level than the signal (making
           it, in some ways, similar to squelch):

                   compand=.1|.1:.1|.1:-45.1/-45.1|-45/-900|0/-900:.01:45:-90:.1

       •   2:1 compression starting at -6dB:

                   compand=points=-80/-80|-6/-6|0/-3.8|20/3.5

       •   2:1 compression starting at -9dB:

                   compand=points=-80/-80|-9/-9|0/-5.3|20/2.9

       •   2:1 compression starting at -12dB:

                   compand=points=-80/-80|-12/-12|0/-6.8|20/1.9

       •   2:1 compression starting at -18dB:

                   compand=points=-80/-80|-18/-18|0/-9.8|20/0.7

       •   3:1 compression starting at -15dB:

                   compand=points=-80/-80|-15/-15|0/-10.8|20/-5.2

       •   Compressor/Gate:

                   compand=points=-80/-105|-62/-80|-15.4/-15.4|0/-12|20/-7.6

       •   Expander:

                   compand=attacks=0:points=-80/-169|-54/-80|-49.5/-64.6|-41.1/-41.1|-25.8/-15|-10.8/-4.5|0/0|20/8.3

       •   Hard limiter at -6dB:

                   compand=attacks=0:points=-80/-80|-6/-6|20/-6

       •   Hard limiter at -12dB:

                   compand=attacks=0:points=-80/-80|-12/-12|20/-12

       •   Hard noise gate at -35 dB:

                   compand=attacks=0:points=-80/-115|-35.1/-80|-35/-35|20/20

       •   Soft limiter:

                   compand=attacks=0:points=-80/-80|-12.4/-12.4|-6/-8|0/-6.8|20/-2.8

   compensationdelay
       Compensation Delay Line is a metric based delay to compensate differing positions of microphones or
       speakers.

       For example, you have recorded guitar with two microphones placed in different location. Because the
       front of sound wave has fixed speed in normal conditions, the phasing of microphones can vary and depends
       on their location and interposition. The best sound mix can be achieved when these microphones are in
       phase (synchronized). Note that distance of ~30 cm between microphones makes one microphone to capture
       signal in antiphase to another microphone. That makes the final mix sounding moody.  This filter helps to
       solve phasing problems by adding different delays to each microphone track and make them synchronized.

       The best result can be reached when you take one track as base and synchronize other tracks one by one
       with it.  Remember that synchronization/delay tolerance depends on sample rate, too.  Higher sample rates
       will give more tolerance.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       mm  Set millimeters distance. This is compensation distance for fine tuning.  Default is 0.

       cm  Set cm distance. This is compensation distance for tightening distance setup.  Default is 0.

       m   Set meters distance. This is compensation distance for hard distance setup.  Default is 0.

       dry Set dry amount. Amount of unprocessed (dry) signal.  Default is 0.

       wet Set wet amount. Amount of processed (wet) signal.  Default is 1.

       temp
           Set temperature degree in Celsius. This is the temperature of the environment.  Default is 20.

   crossfeed
       Apply headphone crossfeed filter.

       Crossfeed is the process of blending the left and right channels of stereo audio recording.  It is mainly
       used to reduce extreme stereo separation of low frequencies.

       The intent is to produce more speaker like sound to the listener.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       strength
           Set strength of crossfeed. Default is 0.2. Allowed range is from 0 to 1.  This sets gain of low shelf
           filter for side part of stereo image.  Default is -6dB. Max allowed is -30db when strength is set to
           1.

       range
           Set soundstage wideness. Default is 0.5. Allowed range is from 0 to 1.  This sets cut off frequency
           of low shelf filter. Default is cut off near 1550 Hz. With range set to 1 cut off frequency is set to
           2100 Hz.

       level_in
           Set input gain. Default is 0.9.

       level_out
           Set output gain. Default is 1.

   crystalizer
       Simple algorithm to expand audio dynamic range.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       i   Sets the intensity of effect (default: 2.0). Must be in range between 0.0 (unchanged sound) to 10.0
           (maximum effect).

       c   Enable clipping. By default is enabled.

   dcshift
       Apply a DC shift to the audio.

       This can be useful to remove a DC offset (caused perhaps by a hardware problem in the recording chain)
       from the audio. The effect of a DC offset is reduced headroom and hence volume. The astats filter can be
       used to determine if a signal has a DC offset.

       shift
           Set the DC shift, allowed range is [-1, 1]. It indicates the amount to shift the audio.

       limitergain
           Optional. It should have a value much less than 1 (e.g. 0.05 or 0.02) and is used to prevent
           clipping.

   dynaudnorm
       Dynamic Audio Normalizer.

       This filter applies a certain amount of gain to the input audio in order to bring its peak magnitude to a
       target level (e.g. 0 dBFS). However, in contrast to more "simple" normalization algorithms, the Dynamic
       Audio Normalizer *dynamically* re-adjusts the gain factor to the input audio.  This allows for applying
       extra gain to the "quiet" sections of the audio while avoiding distortions or clipping the "loud"
       sections. In other words: The Dynamic Audio Normalizer will "even out" the volume of quiet and loud
       sections, in the sense that the volume of each section is brought to the same target level. Note,
       however, that the Dynamic Audio Normalizer achieves this goal *without* applying "dynamic range
       compressing". It will retain 100% of the dynamic range *within* each section of the audio file.

       f   Set the frame length in milliseconds. In range from 10 to 8000 milliseconds.  Default is 500
           milliseconds.  The Dynamic Audio Normalizer processes the input audio in small chunks, referred to as
           frames. This is required, because a peak magnitude has no meaning for just a single sample value.
           Instead, we need to determine the peak magnitude for a contiguous sequence of sample values. While a
           "standard" normalizer would simply use the peak magnitude of the complete file, the Dynamic Audio
           Normalizer determines the peak magnitude individually for each frame. The length of a frame is
           specified in milliseconds. By default, the Dynamic Audio Normalizer uses a frame length of 500
           milliseconds, which has been found to give good results with most files.  Note that the exact frame
           length, in number of samples, will be determined automatically, based on the sampling rate of the
           individual input audio file.

       g   Set the Gaussian filter window size. In range from 3 to 301, must be odd number. Default is 31.
           Probably the most important parameter of the Dynamic Audio Normalizer is the "window size" of the
           Gaussian smoothing filter. The filter's window size is specified in frames, centered around the
           current frame. For the sake of simplicity, this must be an odd number. Consequently, the default
           value of 31 takes into account the current frame, as well as the 15 preceding frames and the 15
           subsequent frames. Using a larger window results in a stronger smoothing effect and thus in less gain
           variation, i.e. slower gain adaptation. Conversely, using a smaller window results in a weaker
           smoothing effect and thus in more gain variation, i.e. faster gain adaptation.  In other words, the
           more you increase this value, the more the Dynamic Audio Normalizer will behave like a "traditional"
           normalization filter. On the contrary, the more you decrease this value, the more the Dynamic Audio
           Normalizer will behave like a dynamic range compressor.

       p   Set the target peak value. This specifies the highest permissible magnitude level for the normalized
           audio input. This filter will try to approach the target peak magnitude as closely as possible, but
           at the same time it also makes sure that the normalized signal will never exceed the peak magnitude.
           A frame's maximum local gain factor is imposed directly by the target peak magnitude. The default
           value is 0.95 and thus leaves a headroom of 5%*.  It is not recommended to go above this value.

       m   Set the maximum gain factor. In range from 1.0 to 100.0. Default is 10.0.  The Dynamic Audio
           Normalizer determines the maximum possible (local) gain factor for each input frame, i.e. the maximum
           gain factor that does not result in clipping or distortion. The maximum gain factor is determined by
           the frame's highest magnitude sample. However, the Dynamic Audio Normalizer additionally bounds the
           frame's maximum gain factor by a predetermined (global) maximum gain factor. This is done in order to
           avoid excessive gain factors in "silent" or almost silent frames. By default, the maximum gain factor
           is 10.0, For most inputs the default value should be sufficient and it usually is not recommended to
           increase this value. Though, for input with an extremely low overall volume level, it may be
           necessary to allow even higher gain factors. Note, however, that the Dynamic Audio Normalizer does
           not simply apply a "hard" threshold (i.e. cut off values above the threshold).  Instead, a "sigmoid"
           threshold function will be applied. This way, the gain factors will smoothly approach the threshold
           value, but never exceed that value.

       r   Set the target RMS. In range from 0.0 to 1.0. Default is 0.0 - disabled.  By default, the Dynamic
           Audio Normalizer performs "peak" normalization.  This means that the maximum local gain factor for
           each frame is defined (only) by the frame's highest magnitude sample. This way, the samples can be
           amplified as much as possible without exceeding the maximum signal level, i.e. without clipping.
           Optionally, however, the Dynamic Audio Normalizer can also take into account the frame's root mean
           square, abbreviated RMS. In electrical engineering, the RMS is commonly used to determine the power
           of a time-varying signal. It is therefore considered that the RMS is a better approximation of the
           "perceived loudness" than just looking at the signal's peak magnitude. Consequently, by adjusting all
           frames to a constant RMS value, a uniform "perceived loudness" can be established. If a target RMS
           value has been specified, a frame's local gain factor is defined as the factor that would result in
           exactly that RMS value.  Note, however, that the maximum local gain factor is still restricted by the
           frame's highest magnitude sample, in order to prevent clipping.

       n   Enable channels coupling. By default is enabled.  By default, the Dynamic Audio Normalizer will
           amplify all channels by the same amount. This means the same gain factor will be applied to all
           channels, i.e.  the maximum possible gain factor is determined by the "loudest" channel.  However, in
           some recordings, it may happen that the volume of the different channels is uneven, e.g. one channel
           may be "quieter" than the other one(s).  In this case, this option can be used to disable the channel
           coupling. This way, the gain factor will be determined independently for each channel, depending only
           on the individual channel's highest magnitude sample. This allows for harmonizing the volume of the
           different channels.

       c   Enable DC bias correction. By default is disabled.  An audio signal (in the time domain) is a
           sequence of sample values.  In the Dynamic Audio Normalizer these sample values are represented in
           the -1.0 to 1.0 range, regardless of the original input format. Normally, the audio signal, or
           "waveform", should be centered around the zero point.  That means if we calculate the mean value of
           all samples in a file, or in a single frame, then the result should be 0.0 or at least very close to
           that value. If, however, there is a significant deviation of the mean value from 0.0, in either
           positive or negative direction, this is referred to as a DC bias or DC offset. Since a DC bias is
           clearly undesirable, the Dynamic Audio Normalizer provides optional DC bias correction.  With DC bias
           correction enabled, the Dynamic Audio Normalizer will determine the mean value, or "DC correction"
           offset, of each input frame and subtract that value from all of the frame's sample values which
           ensures those samples are centered around 0.0 again. Also, in order to avoid "gaps" at the frame
           boundaries, the DC correction offset values will be interpolated smoothly between neighbouring
           frames.

       b   Enable alternative boundary mode. By default is disabled.  The Dynamic Audio Normalizer takes into
           account a certain neighbourhood around each frame. This includes the preceding frames as well as the
           subsequent frames. However, for the "boundary" frames, located at the very beginning and at the very
           end of the audio file, not all neighbouring frames are available. In particular, for the first few
           frames in the audio file, the preceding frames are not known. And, similarly, for the last few frames
           in the audio file, the subsequent frames are not known. Thus, the question arises which gain factors
           should be assumed for the missing frames in the "boundary" region. The Dynamic Audio Normalizer
           implements two modes to deal with this situation. The default boundary mode assumes a gain factor of
           exactly 1.0 for the missing frames, resulting in a smooth "fade in" and "fade out" at the beginning
           and at the end of the input, respectively.

       s   Set the compress factor. In range from 0.0 to 30.0. Default is 0.0.  By default, the Dynamic Audio
           Normalizer does not apply "traditional" compression. This means that signal peaks will not be pruned
           and thus the full dynamic range will be retained within each local neighbourhood. However, in some
           cases it may be desirable to combine the Dynamic Audio Normalizer's normalization algorithm with a
           more "traditional" compression.  For this purpose, the Dynamic Audio Normalizer provides an optional
           compression (thresholding) function. If (and only if) the compression feature is enabled, all input
           frames will be processed by a soft knee thresholding function prior to the actual normalization
           process. Put simply, the thresholding function is going to prune all samples whose magnitude exceeds
           a certain threshold value.  However, the Dynamic Audio Normalizer does not simply apply a fixed
           threshold value. Instead, the threshold value will be adjusted for each individual frame.  In
           general, smaller parameters result in stronger compression, and vice versa.  Values below 3.0 are not
           recommended, because audible distortion may appear.

   earwax
       Make audio easier to listen to on headphones.

       This filter adds `cues' to 44.1kHz stereo (i.e. audio CD format) audio so that when listened to on
       headphones the stereo image is moved from inside your head (standard for headphones) to outside and in
       front of the listener (standard for speakers).

       Ported from SoX.

   equalizer
       Apply a two-pole peaking equalisation (EQ) filter. With this filter, the signal-level at and around a
       selected frequency can be increased or decreased, whilst (unlike bandpass and bandreject filters) that at
       all other frequencies is unchanged.

       In order to produce complex equalisation curves, this filter can be given several times, each with a
       different central frequency.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       frequency, f
           Set the filter's central frequency in Hz.

       width_type, t
           Set method to specify band-width of filter.

           h   Hz

           q   Q-Factor

           o   octave

           s   slope

       width, w
           Specify the band-width of a filter in width_type units.

       gain, g
           Set the required gain or attenuation in dB.  Beware of clipping when using a positive gain.

       channels, c
           Specify which channels to filter, by default all available are filtered.

       Examples

       •   Attenuate 10 dB at 1000 Hz, with a bandwidth of 200 Hz:

                   equalizer=f=1000:t=h:width=200:g=-10

       •   Apply 2 dB gain at 1000 Hz with Q 1 and attenuate 5 dB at 100 Hz with Q 2:

                   equalizer=f=1000:t=q:w=1:g=2,equalizer=f=100:t=q:w=2:g=-5

   extrastereo
       Linearly increases the difference between left and right channels which adds some sort of "live" effect
       to playback.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       m   Sets the difference coefficient (default: 2.5). 0.0 means mono sound (average of both channels), with
           1.0 sound will be unchanged, with -1.0 left and right channels will be swapped.

       c   Enable clipping. By default is enabled.

   firequalizer
       Apply FIR Equalization using arbitrary frequency response.

       The filter accepts the following option:

       gain
           Set gain curve equation (in dB). The expression can contain variables:

           f   the evaluated frequency

           sr  sample rate

           ch  channel number, set to 0 when multichannels evaluation is disabled

           chid
               channel id, see libavutil/channel_layout.h, set to the first channel id when multichannels
               evaluation is disabled

           chs number of channels

           chlayout
               channel_layout, see libavutil/channel_layout.h

           and functions:

           gain_interpolate(f)
               interpolate gain on frequency f based on gain_entry

           cubic_interpolate(f)
               same as gain_interpolate, but smoother

           This option is also available as command. Default is gain_interpolate(f).

       gain_entry
           Set gain entry for gain_interpolate function. The expression can contain functions:

           entry(f, g)
               store gain entry at frequency f with value g

           This option is also available as command.

       delay
           Set filter delay in seconds. Higher value means more accurate.  Default is 0.01.

       accuracy
           Set filter accuracy in Hz. Lower value means more accurate.  Default is 5.

       wfunc
           Set window function. Acceptable values are:

           rectangular
               rectangular window, useful when gain curve is already smooth

           hann
               hann window (default)

           hamming
               hamming window

           blackman
               blackman window

           nuttall3
               3-terms continuous 1st derivative nuttall window

           mnuttall3
               minimum 3-terms discontinuous nuttall window

           nuttall
               4-terms continuous 1st derivative nuttall window

           bnuttall
               minimum 4-terms discontinuous nuttall (blackman-nuttall) window

           bharris
               blackman-harris window

           tukey
               tukey window

       fixed
           If enabled, use fixed number of audio samples. This improves speed when filtering with large delay.
           Default is disabled.

       multi
           Enable multichannels evaluation on gain. Default is disabled.

       zero_phase
           Enable zero phase mode by subtracting timestamp to compensate delay.  Default is disabled.

       scale
           Set scale used by gain. Acceptable values are:

           linlin
               linear frequency, linear gain

           linlog
               linear frequency, logarithmic (in dB) gain (default)

           loglin
               logarithmic (in octave scale where 20 Hz is 0) frequency, linear gain

           loglog
               logarithmic frequency, logarithmic gain

       dumpfile
           Set file for dumping, suitable for gnuplot.

       dumpscale
           Set scale for dumpfile. Acceptable values are same with scale option.  Default is linlog.

       fft2
           Enable 2-channel convolution using complex FFT. This improves speed significantly.  Default is
           disabled.

       min_phase
           Enable minimum phase impulse response. Default is disabled.

       Examples

       •   lowpass at 1000 Hz:

                   firequalizer=gain='if(lt(f,1000), 0, -INF)'

       •   lowpass at 1000 Hz with gain_entry:

                   firequalizer=gain_entry='entry(1000,0); entry(1001, -INF)'

       •   custom equalization:

                   firequalizer=gain_entry='entry(100,0); entry(400, -4); entry(1000, -6); entry(2000, 0)'

       •   higher delay with zero phase to compensate delay:

                   firequalizer=delay=0.1:fixed=on:zero_phase=on

       •   lowpass on left channel, highpass on right channel:

                   firequalizer=gain='if(eq(chid,1), gain_interpolate(f), if(eq(chid,2), gain_interpolate(1e6+f), 0))'
                   :gain_entry='entry(1000, 0); entry(1001,-INF); entry(1e6+1000,0)':multi=on

   flanger
       Apply a flanging effect to the audio.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       delay
           Set base delay in milliseconds. Range from 0 to 30. Default value is 0.

       depth
           Set added sweep delay in milliseconds. Range from 0 to 10. Default value is 2.

       regen
           Set percentage regeneration (delayed signal feedback). Range from -95 to 95.  Default value is 0.

       width
           Set percentage of delayed signal mixed with original. Range from 0 to 100.  Default value is 71.

       speed
           Set sweeps per second (Hz). Range from 0.1 to 10. Default value is 0.5.

       shape
           Set swept wave shape, can be triangular or sinusoidal.  Default value is sinusoidal.

       phase
           Set swept wave percentage-shift for multi channel. Range from 0 to 100.  Default value is 25.

       interp
           Set delay-line interpolation, linear or quadratic.  Default is linear.

   haas
       Apply Haas effect to audio.

       Note that this makes most sense to apply on mono signals.  With this filter applied to mono signals it
       give some directionality and stretches its stereo image.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       level_in
           Set input level. By default is 1, or 0dB

       level_out
           Set output level. By default is 1, or 0dB.

       side_gain
           Set gain applied to side part of signal. By default is 1.

       middle_source
           Set kind of middle source. Can be one of the following:

           left
               Pick left channel.

           right
               Pick right channel.

           mid Pick middle part signal of stereo image.

           side
               Pick side part signal of stereo image.

       middle_phase
           Change middle phase. By default is disabled.

       left_delay
           Set left channel delay. By default is 2.05 milliseconds.

       left_balance
           Set left channel balance. By default is -1.

       left_gain
           Set left channel gain. By default is 1.

       left_phase
           Change left phase. By default is disabled.

       right_delay
           Set right channel delay. By defaults is 2.12 milliseconds.

       right_balance
           Set right channel balance. By default is 1.

       right_gain
           Set right channel gain. By default is 1.

       right_phase
           Change right phase. By default is enabled.

   hdcd
       Decodes High Definition Compatible Digital (HDCD) data. A 16-bit PCM stream with embedded HDCD codes is
       expanded into a 20-bit PCM stream.

       The filter supports the Peak Extend and Low-level Gain Adjustment features of HDCD, and detects the
       Transient Filter flag.

               ffmpeg -i HDCD16.flac -af hdcd OUT24.flac

       When using the filter with wav, note the default encoding for wav is 16-bit, so the resulting 20-bit
       stream will be truncated back to 16-bit. Use something like -acodec pcm_s24le after the filter to get
       24-bit PCM output.

               ffmpeg -i HDCD16.wav -af hdcd OUT16.wav
               ffmpeg -i HDCD16.wav -af hdcd -c:a pcm_s24le OUT24.wav

       The filter accepts the following options:

       disable_autoconvert
           Disable any automatic format conversion or resampling in the filter graph.

       process_stereo
           Process the stereo channels together. If target_gain does not match between channels, consider it
           invalid and use the last valid target_gain.

       cdt_ms
           Set the code detect timer period in ms.

       force_pe
           Always extend peaks above -3dBFS even if PE isn't signaled.

       analyze_mode
           Replace audio with a solid tone and adjust the amplitude to signal some specific aspect of the
           decoding process. The output file can be loaded in an audio editor alongside the original to aid
           analysis.

           "analyze_mode=pe:force_pe=true" can be used to see all samples above the PE level.

           Modes are:

           0, off
               Disabled

           1, lle
               Gain adjustment level at each sample

           2, pe
               Samples where peak extend occurs

           3, cdt
               Samples where the code detect timer is active

           4, tgm
               Samples where the target gain does not match between channels

   headphone
       Apply head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) to create virtual loudspeakers around the user for binaural
       listening via headphones.  The HRIRs are provided via additional streams, for each channel one stereo
       input stream is needed.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       map Set mapping of input streams for convolution.  The argument is a '|'-separated list of channel names
           in order as they are given as additional stream inputs for filter.  This also specify number of input
           streams. Number of input streams must be not less than number of channels in first stream plus one.

       gain
           Set gain applied to audio. Value is in dB. Default is 0.

       type
           Set processing type. Can be time or freq. time is processing audio in time domain which is slow.
           freq is processing audio in frequency domain which is fast.  Default is freq.

       lfe Set custom gain for LFE channels. Value is in dB. Default is 0.

       Examples

       •   Full example using wav files as coefficients with amovie filters for 7.1 downmix, each amovie filter
           use stereo file with IR coefficients as input.  The files give coefficients for each position of
           virtual loudspeaker:

                   ffmpeg -i input.wav -lavfi-complex "amovie=azi_270_ele_0_DFC.wav[sr],amovie=azi_90_ele_0_DFC.wav[sl],amovie=azi_225_ele_0_DFC.wav[br],amovie=azi_135_ele_0_DFC.wav[bl],amovie=azi_0_ele_0_DFC.wav,asplit[fc][lfe],amovie=azi_35_ele_0_DFC.wav[fl],amovie=azi_325_ele_0_DFC.wav[fr],[a:0][fl][fr][fc][lfe][bl][br][sl][sr]headphone=FL|FR|FC|LFE|BL|BR|SL|SR"
                   output.wav

   highpass
       Apply a high-pass filter with 3dB point frequency.  The filter can be either single-pole, or double-pole
       (the default).  The filter roll off at 6dB per pole per octave (20dB per pole per decade).

       The filter accepts the following options:

       frequency, f
           Set frequency in Hz. Default is 3000.

       poles, p
           Set number of poles. Default is 2.

       width_type, t
           Set method to specify band-width of filter.

           h   Hz

           q   Q-Factor

           o   octave

           s   slope

       width, w
           Specify the band-width of a filter in width_type units.  Applies only to double-pole filter.  The
           default is 0.707q and gives a Butterworth response.

       channels, c
           Specify which channels to filter, by default all available are filtered.

   join
       Join multiple input streams into one multi-channel stream.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       inputs
           The number of input streams. It defaults to 2.

       channel_layout
           The desired output channel layout. It defaults to stereo.

       map Map channels from inputs to output. The argument is a '|'-separated list of mappings, each in the
           "input_idx.in_channel-out_channel" form. input_idx is the 0-based index of the input stream.
           in_channel can be either the name of the input channel (e.g. FL for front left) or its index in the
           specified input stream. out_channel is the name of the output channel.

       The filter will attempt to guess the mappings when they are not specified explicitly. It does so by first
       trying to find an unused matching input channel and if that fails it picks the first unused input
       channel.

       Join 3 inputs (with properly set channel layouts):

               ffmpeg -i INPUT1 -i INPUT2 -i INPUT3 -filter_complex join=inputs=3 OUTPUT

       Build a 5.1 output from 6 single-channel streams:

               ffmpeg -i fl -i fr -i fc -i sl -i sr -i lfe -filter_complex
               'join=inputs=6:channel_layout=5.1:map=0.0-FL|1.0-FR|2.0-FC|3.0-SL|4.0-SR|5.0-LFE'
               out

   ladspa
       Load a LADSPA (Linux Audio Developer's Simple Plugin API) plugin.

       To enable compilation of this filter you need to configure FFmpeg with "--enable-ladspa".

       file, f
           Specifies the name of LADSPA plugin library to load. If the environment variable LADSPA_PATH is
           defined, the LADSPA plugin is searched in each one of the directories specified by the colon
           separated list in LADSPA_PATH, otherwise in the standard LADSPA paths, which are in this order:
           HOME/.ladspa/lib/, /usr/local/lib/ladspa/, /usr/lib/ladspa/.

       plugin, p
           Specifies the plugin within the library. Some libraries contain only one plugin, but others contain
           many of them. If this is not set filter will list all available plugins within the specified library.

       controls, c
           Set the '|' separated list of controls which are zero or more floating point values that determine
           the behavior of the loaded plugin (for example delay, threshold or gain).  Controls need to be
           defined using the following syntax: c0=value0|c1=value1|c2=value2|..., where valuei is the value set
           on the i-th control.  Alternatively they can be also defined using the following syntax:
           value0|value1|value2|..., where valuei is the value set on the i-th control.  If controls is set to
           "help", all available controls and their valid ranges are printed.

       sample_rate, s
           Specify the sample rate, default to 44100. Only used if plugin have zero inputs.

       nb_samples, n
           Set the number of samples per channel per each output frame, default is 1024. Only used if plugin
           have zero inputs.

       duration, d
           Set the minimum duration of the sourced audio. See the Time duration section in the ffmpeg-utils(1)
           manual for the accepted syntax.  Note that the resulting duration may be greater than the specified
           duration, as the generated audio is always cut at the end of a complete frame.  If not specified, or
           the expressed duration is negative, the audio is supposed to be generated forever.  Only used if
           plugin have zero inputs.

       Examples

       •   List all available plugins within amp (LADSPA example plugin) library:

                   ladspa=file=amp

       •   List all available controls and their valid ranges for "vcf_notch" plugin from "VCF" library:

                   ladspa=f=vcf:p=vcf_notch:c=help

       •   Simulate low quality audio equipment using "Computer Music Toolkit" (CMT) plugin library:

                   ladspa=file=cmt:plugin=lofi:controls=c0=22|c1=12|c2=12

       •   Add reverberation to the audio using TAP-plugins (Tom's Audio Processing plugins):

                   ladspa=file=tap_reverb:tap_reverb

       •   Generate white noise, with 0.2 amplitude:

                   ladspa=file=cmt:noise_source_white:c=c0=.2

       •   Generate 20 bpm clicks using plugin "C* Click - Metronome" from the "C* Audio Plugin Suite" (CAPS)
           library:

                   ladspa=file=caps:Click:c=c1=20'

       •   Apply "C* Eq10X2 - Stereo 10-band equaliser" effect:

                   ladspa=caps:Eq10X2:c=c0=-48|c9=-24|c3=12|c4=2

       •   Increase volume by 20dB using fast lookahead limiter from Steve Harris "SWH Plugins" collection:

                   ladspa=fast_lookahead_limiter_1913:fastLookaheadLimiter:20|0|2

       •   Attenuate low frequencies using Multiband EQ from Steve Harris "SWH Plugins" collection:

                   ladspa=mbeq_1197:mbeq:-24|-24|-24|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0|0

       •   Reduce stereo image using "Narrower" from the "C* Audio Plugin Suite" (CAPS) library:

                   ladspa=caps:Narrower

       •   Another white noise, now using "C* Audio Plugin Suite" (CAPS) library:

                   ladspa=caps:White:.2

       •   Some fractal noise, using "C* Audio Plugin Suite" (CAPS) library:

                   ladspa=caps:Fractal:c=c1=1

       •   Dynamic volume normalization using "VLevel" plugin:

                   ladspa=vlevel-ladspa:vlevel_mono

       Commands

       This filter supports the following commands:

       cN  Modify the N-th control value.

           If the specified value is not valid, it is ignored and prior one is kept.

   loudnorm
       EBU R128 loudness normalization. Includes both dynamic and linear normalization modes.  Support for both
       single pass (livestreams, files) and double pass (files) modes.  This algorithm can target IL, LRA, and
       maximum true peak. To accurately detect true peaks, the audio stream will be upsampled to 192 kHz unless
       the normalization mode is linear.  Use the "-ar" option or "aresample" filter to explicitly set an output
       sample rate.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       I, i
           Set integrated loudness target.  Range is -70.0 - -5.0. Default value is -24.0.

       LRA, lra
           Set loudness range target.  Range is 1.0 - 20.0. Default value is 7.0.

       TP, tp
           Set maximum true peak.  Range is -9.0 - +0.0. Default value is -2.0.

       measured_I, measured_i
           Measured IL of input file.  Range is -99.0 - +0.0.

       measured_LRA, measured_lra
           Measured LRA of input file.  Range is  0.0 - 99.0.

       measured_TP, measured_tp
           Measured true peak of input file.  Range is  -99.0 - +99.0.

       measured_thresh
           Measured threshold of input file.  Range is -99.0 - +0.0.

       offset
           Set offset gain. Gain is applied before the true-peak limiter.  Range is  -99.0 - +99.0. Default is
           +0.0.

       linear
           Normalize linearly if possible.  measured_I, measured_LRA, measured_TP, and measured_thresh must also
           to be specified in order to use this mode.  Options are true or false. Default is true.

       dual_mono
           Treat mono input files as "dual-mono". If a mono file is intended for playback on a stereo system,
           its EBU R128 measurement will be perceptually incorrect.  If set to "true", this option will
           compensate for this effect.  Multi-channel input files are not affected by this option.  Options are
           true or false. Default is false.

       print_format
           Set print format for stats. Options are summary, json, or none.  Default value is none.

   lowpass
       Apply a low-pass filter with 3dB point frequency.  The filter can be either single-pole or double-pole
       (the default).  The filter roll off at 6dB per pole per octave (20dB per pole per decade).

       The filter accepts the following options:

       frequency, f
           Set frequency in Hz. Default is 500.

       poles, p
           Set number of poles. Default is 2.

       width_type, t
           Set method to specify band-width of filter.

           h   Hz

           q   Q-Factor

           o   octave

           s   slope

       width, w
           Specify the band-width of a filter in width_type units.  Applies only to double-pole filter.  The
           default is 0.707q and gives a Butterworth response.

       channels, c
           Specify which channels to filter, by default all available are filtered.

       Examples

       •   Lowpass only LFE channel, it LFE is not present it does nothing:

                   lowpass=c=LFE

   pan
       Mix channels with specific gain levels. The filter accepts the output channel layout followed by a set of
       channels definitions.

       This filter is also designed to efficiently remap the channels of an audio stream.

       The filter accepts parameters of the form: "l|outdef|outdef|..."

       l   output channel layout or number of channels

       outdef
           output channel specification, of the form: "out_name=[gain*]in_name[(+-)[gain*]in_name...]"

       out_name
           output channel to define, either a channel name (FL, FR, etc.) or a channel number (c0, c1, etc.)

       gain
           multiplicative coefficient for the channel, 1 leaving the volume unchanged

       in_name
           input channel to use, see out_name for details; it is not possible to mix named and numbered input
           channels

       If the `=' in a channel specification is replaced by `<', then the gains for that specification will be
       renormalized so that the total is 1, thus avoiding clipping noise.

       Mixing examples

       For example, if you want to down-mix from stereo to mono, but with a bigger factor for the left channel:

               pan=1c|c0=0.9*c0+0.1*c1

       A customized down-mix to stereo that works automatically for 3-, 4-, 5- and 7-channels surround:

               pan=stereo| FL < FL + 0.5*FC + 0.6*BL + 0.6*SL | FR < FR + 0.5*FC + 0.6*BR + 0.6*SR

       Note that ffmpeg integrates a default down-mix (and up-mix) system that should be preferred (see "-ac"
       option) unless you have very specific needs.

       Remapping examples

       The channel remapping will be effective if, and only if:

       *<gain coefficients are zeroes or ones,>
       *<only one input per channel output,>

       If all these conditions are satisfied, the filter will notify the user ("Pure channel mapping detected"),
       and use an optimized and lossless method to do the remapping.

       For example, if you have a 5.1 source and want a stereo audio stream by dropping the extra channels:

               pan="stereo| c0=FL | c1=FR"

       Given the same source, you can also switch front left and front right channels and keep the input channel
       layout:

               pan="5.1| c0=c1 | c1=c0 | c2=c2 | c3=c3 | c4=c4 | c5=c5"

       If the input is a stereo audio stream, you can mute the front left channel (and still keep the stereo
       channel layout) with:

               pan="stereo|c1=c1"

       Still with a stereo audio stream input, you can copy the right channel in both front left and right:

               pan="stereo| c0=FR | c1=FR"

   replaygain
       ReplayGain scanner filter. This filter takes an audio stream as an input and outputs it unchanged.  At
       end of filtering it displays "track_gain" and "track_peak".

   resample
       Convert the audio sample format, sample rate and channel layout. It is not meant to be used directly.

   rubberband
       Apply time-stretching and pitch-shifting with librubberband.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       tempo
           Set tempo scale factor.

       pitch
           Set pitch scale factor.

       transients
           Set transients detector.  Possible values are:

           crisp
           mixed
           smooth
       detector
           Set detector.  Possible values are:

           compound
           percussive
           soft
       phase
           Set phase.  Possible values are:

           laminar
           independent
       window
           Set processing window size.  Possible values are:

           standard
           short
           long
       smoothing
           Set smoothing.  Possible values are:

           off
           on
       formant
           Enable formant preservation when shift pitching.  Possible values are:

           shifted
           preserved
       pitchq
           Set pitch quality.  Possible values are:

           quality
           speed
           consistency
       channels
           Set channels.  Possible values are:

           apart
           together

   sidechaincompress
       This filter acts like normal compressor but has the ability to compress detected signal using second
       input signal.  It needs two input streams and returns one output stream.  First input stream will be
       processed depending on second stream signal.  The filtered signal then can be filtered with other filters
       in later stages of processing. See pan and amerge filter.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       level_in
           Set input gain. Default is 1. Range is between 0.015625 and 64.

       threshold
           If a signal of second stream raises above this level it will affect the gain reduction of first
           stream.  By default is 0.125. Range is between 0.00097563 and 1.

       ratio
           Set a ratio about which the signal is reduced. 1:2 means that if the level raised 4dB above the
           threshold, it will be only 2dB above after the reduction.  Default is 2. Range is between 1 and 20.

       attack
           Amount of milliseconds the signal has to rise above the threshold before gain reduction starts.
           Default is 20. Range is between 0.01 and 2000.

       release
           Amount of milliseconds the signal has to fall below the threshold before reduction is decreased
           again. Default is 250. Range is between 0.01 and 9000.

       makeup
           Set the amount by how much signal will be amplified after processing.  Default is 1. Range is from 1
           to 64.

       knee
           Curve the sharp knee around the threshold to enter gain reduction more softly.  Default is 2.82843.
           Range is between 1 and 8.

       link
           Choose if the "average" level between all channels of side-chain stream or the louder("maximum")
           channel of side-chain stream affects the reduction. Default is "average".

       detection
           Should the exact signal be taken in case of "peak" or an RMS one in case of "rms". Default is "rms"
           which is mainly smoother.

       level_sc
           Set sidechain gain. Default is 1. Range is between 0.015625 and 64.

       mix How much to use compressed signal in output. Default is 1.  Range is between 0 and 1.

       Examples

       •   Full ffmpeg example taking 2 audio inputs, 1st input to be compressed depending on the signal of 2nd
           input and later compressed signal to be merged with 2nd input:

                   ffmpeg -i main.flac -i sidechain.flac -filter_complex "[1:a]asplit=2[sc][mix];[0:a][sc]sidechaincompress[compr];[compr][mix]amerge"

   sidechaingate
       A sidechain gate acts like a normal (wideband) gate but has the ability to filter the detected signal
       before sending it to the gain reduction stage.  Normally a gate uses the full range signal to detect a
       level above the threshold.  For example: If you cut all lower frequencies from your sidechain signal the
       gate will decrease the volume of your track only if not enough highs appear. With this technique you are
       able to reduce the resonation of a natural drum or remove "rumbling" of muted strokes from a heavily
       distorted guitar.  It needs two input streams and returns one output stream.  First input stream will be
       processed depending on second stream signal.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       level_in
           Set input level before filtering.  Default is 1. Allowed range is from 0.015625 to 64.

       range
           Set the level of gain reduction when the signal is below the threshold.  Default is 0.06125. Allowed
           range is from 0 to 1.

       threshold
           If a signal rises above this level the gain reduction is released.  Default is 0.125. Allowed range
           is from 0 to 1.

       ratio
           Set a ratio about which the signal is reduced.  Default is 2. Allowed range is from 1 to 9000.

       attack
           Amount of milliseconds the signal has to rise above the threshold before gain reduction stops.
           Default is 20 milliseconds. Allowed range is from 0.01 to 9000.

       release
           Amount of milliseconds the signal has to fall below the threshold before the reduction is increased
           again. Default is 250 milliseconds.  Allowed range is from 0.01 to 9000.

       makeup
           Set amount of amplification of signal after processing.  Default is 1. Allowed range is from 1 to 64.

       knee
           Curve the sharp knee around the threshold to enter gain reduction more softly.  Default is
           2.828427125. Allowed range is from 1 to 8.

       detection
           Choose if exact signal should be taken for detection or an RMS like one.  Default is rms. Can be peak
           or rms.

       link
           Choose if the average level between all channels or the louder channel affects the reduction.
           Default is average. Can be average or maximum.

       level_sc
           Set sidechain gain. Default is 1. Range is from 0.015625 to 64.

   silencedetect
       Detect silence in an audio stream.

       This filter logs a message when it detects that the input audio volume is less or equal to a noise
       tolerance value for a duration greater or equal to the minimum detected noise duration.

       The printed times and duration are expressed in seconds.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       duration, d
           Set silence duration until notification (default is 2 seconds).

       noise, n
           Set noise tolerance. Can be specified in dB (in case "dB" is appended to the specified value) or
           amplitude ratio. Default is -60dB, or 0.001.

       Examples

       •   Detect 5 seconds of silence with -50dB noise tolerance:

                   silencedetect=n=-50dB:d=5

       •   Complete example with ffmpeg to detect silence with 0.0001 noise tolerance in silence.mp3:

                   ffmpeg -i silence.mp3 -af silencedetect=noise=0.0001 -f null -

   silenceremove
       Remove silence from the beginning, middle or end of the audio.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       start_periods
           This value is used to indicate if audio should be trimmed at beginning of the audio. A value of zero
           indicates no silence should be trimmed from the beginning. When specifying a non-zero value, it trims
           audio up until it finds non-silence. Normally, when trimming silence from beginning of audio the
           start_periods will be 1 but it can be increased to higher values to trim all audio up to specific
           count of non-silence periods.  Default value is 0.

       start_duration
           Specify the amount of time that non-silence must be detected before it stops trimming audio. By
           increasing the duration, bursts of noises can be treated as silence and trimmed off. Default value is
           0.

       start_threshold
           This indicates what sample value should be treated as silence. For digital audio, a value of 0 may be
           fine but for audio recorded from analog, you may wish to increase the value to account for background
           noise.  Can be specified in dB (in case "dB" is appended to the specified value) or amplitude ratio.
           Default value is 0.

       stop_periods
           Set the count for trimming silence from the end of audio.  To remove silence from the middle of a
           file, specify a stop_periods that is negative. This value is then treated as a positive value and is
           used to indicate the effect should restart processing as specified by start_periods, making it
           suitable for removing periods of silence in the middle of the audio.  Default value is 0.

       stop_duration
           Specify a duration of silence that must exist before audio is not copied any more. By specifying a
           higher duration, silence that is wanted can be left in the audio.  Default value is 0.

       stop_threshold
           This is the same as start_threshold but for trimming silence from the end of audio.  Can be specified
           in dB (in case "dB" is appended to the specified value) or amplitude ratio. Default value is 0.

       leave_silence
           This indicates that stop_duration length of audio should be left intact at the beginning of each
           period of silence.  For example, if you want to remove long pauses between words but do not want to
           remove the pauses completely. Default value is 0.

       detection
           Set how is silence detected. Can be "rms" or "peak". Second is faster and works better with digital
           silence which is exactly 0.  Default value is "rms".

       window
           Set ratio used to calculate size of window for detecting silence.  Default value is 0.02. Allowed
           range is from 0 to 10.

       Examples

       •   The following example shows how this filter can be used to start a recording that does not contain
           the delay at the start which usually occurs between pressing the record button and the start of the
           performance:

                   silenceremove=1:5:0.02

       •   Trim all silence encountered from beginning to end where there is more than 1 second of silence in
           audio:

                   silenceremove=0:0:0:-1:1:-90dB

   sofalizer
       SOFAlizer uses head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) to create virtual loudspeakers around the user for
       binaural listening via headphones (audio formats up to 9 channels supported).  The HRTFs are stored in
       SOFA files (see <http://www.sofacoustics.org/> for a database).  SOFAlizer is developed at the Acoustics
       Research Institute (ARI) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences.

       To enable compilation of this filter you need to configure FFmpeg with "--enable-libmysofa".

       The filter accepts the following options:

       sofa
           Set the SOFA file used for rendering.

       gain
           Set gain applied to audio. Value is in dB. Default is 0.

       rotation
           Set rotation of virtual loudspeakers in deg. Default is 0.

       elevation
           Set elevation of virtual speakers in deg. Default is 0.

       radius
           Set distance in meters between loudspeakers and the listener with near-field HRTFs. Default is 1.

       type
           Set processing type. Can be time or freq. time is processing audio in time domain which is slow.
           freq is processing audio in frequency domain which is fast.  Default is freq.

       speakers
           Set custom positions of virtual loudspeakers. Syntax for this option is: <CH> <AZIM> <ELEV>[|<CH>
           <AZIM> <ELEV>|...].  Each virtual loudspeaker is described with short channel name following with
           azimuth and elevation in degrees.  Each virtual loudspeaker description is separated by '|'.  For
           example to override front left and front right channel positions use: 'speakers=FL 45 15|FR 345 15'.
           Descriptions with unrecognised channel names are ignored.

       lfegain
           Set custom gain for LFE channels. Value is in dB. Default is 0.

       Examples

       •   Using ClubFritz6 sofa file:

                   sofalizer=sofa=/path/to/ClubFritz6.sofa:type=freq:radius=1

       •   Using ClubFritz12 sofa file and bigger radius with small rotation:

                   sofalizer=sofa=/path/to/ClubFritz12.sofa:type=freq:radius=2:rotation=5

       •   Similar as above but with custom speaker positions for front left, front right, back left and back
           right and also with custom gain:

                   "sofalizer=sofa=/path/to/ClubFritz6.sofa:type=freq:radius=2:speakers=FL 45|FR 315|BL 135|BR 225:gain=28"

   stereotools
       This filter has some handy utilities to manage stereo signals, for converting M/S stereo recordings to
       L/R signal while having control over the parameters or spreading the stereo image of master track.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       level_in
           Set input level before filtering for both channels. Defaults is 1.  Allowed range is from 0.015625 to
           64.

       level_out
           Set output level after filtering for both channels. Defaults is 1.  Allowed range is from 0.015625 to
           64.

       balance_in
           Set input balance between both channels. Default is 0.  Allowed range is from -1 to 1.

       balance_out
           Set output balance between both channels. Default is 0.  Allowed range is from -1 to 1.

       softclip
           Enable softclipping. Results in analog distortion instead of harsh digital 0dB clipping. Disabled by
           default.

       mutel
           Mute the left channel. Disabled by default.

       muter
           Mute the right channel. Disabled by default.

       phasel
           Change the phase of the left channel. Disabled by default.

       phaser
           Change the phase of the right channel. Disabled by default.

       mode
           Set stereo mode. Available values are:

           lr>lr
               Left/Right to Left/Right, this is default.

           lr>ms
               Left/Right to Mid/Side.

           ms>lr
               Mid/Side to Left/Right.

           lr>ll
               Left/Right to Left/Left.

           lr>rr
               Left/Right to Right/Right.

           lr>l+r
               Left/Right to Left + Right.

           lr>rl
               Left/Right to Right/Left.

           ms>ll
               Mid/Side to Left/Left.

           ms>rr
               Mid/Side to Right/Right.

       slev
           Set level of side signal. Default is 1.  Allowed range is from 0.015625 to 64.

       sbal
           Set balance of side signal. Default is 0.  Allowed range is from -1 to 1.

       mlev
           Set level of the middle signal. Default is 1.  Allowed range is from 0.015625 to 64.

       mpan
           Set middle signal pan. Default is 0. Allowed range is from -1 to 1.

       base
           Set stereo base between mono and inversed channels. Default is 0.  Allowed range is from -1 to 1.

       delay
           Set delay in milliseconds how much to delay left from right channel and vice versa. Default is 0.
           Allowed range is from -20 to 20.

       sclevel
           Set S/C level. Default is 1. Allowed range is from 1 to 100.

       phase
           Set the stereo phase in degrees. Default is 0. Allowed range is from 0 to 360.

       bmode_in, bmode_out
           Set balance mode for balance_in/balance_out option.

           Can be one of the following:

           balance
               Classic balance mode. Attenuate one channel at time.  Gain is raised up to 1.

           amplitude
               Similar as classic mode above but gain is raised up to 2.

           power
               Equal power distribution, from -6dB to +6dB range.

       Examples

       •   Apply karaoke like effect:

                   stereotools=mlev=0.015625

       •   Convert M/S signal to L/R:

                   "stereotools=mode=ms>lr"

   stereowiden
       This filter enhance the stereo effect by suppressing signal common to both channels and by delaying the
       signal of left into right and vice versa, thereby widening the stereo effect.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       delay
           Time in milliseconds of the delay of left signal into right and vice versa.  Default is 20
           milliseconds.

       feedback
           Amount of gain in delayed signal into right and vice versa. Gives a delay effect of left signal in
           right output and vice versa which gives widening effect. Default is 0.3.

       crossfeed
           Cross feed of left into right with inverted phase. This helps in suppressing the mono. If the value
           is 1 it will cancel all the signal common to both channels. Default is 0.3.

       drymix
           Set level of input signal of original channel. Default is 0.8.

   superequalizer
       Apply 18 band equalizer.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       1b  Set 65Hz band gain.

       2b  Set 92Hz band gain.

       3b  Set 131Hz band gain.

       4b  Set 185Hz band gain.

       5b  Set 262Hz band gain.

       6b  Set 370Hz band gain.

       7b  Set 523Hz band gain.

       8b  Set 740Hz band gain.

       9b  Set 1047Hz band gain.

       10b Set 1480Hz band gain.

       11b Set 2093Hz band gain.

       12b Set 2960Hz band gain.

       13b Set 4186Hz band gain.

       14b Set 5920Hz band gain.

       15b Set 8372Hz band gain.

       16b Set 11840Hz band gain.

       17b Set 16744Hz band gain.

       18b Set 20000Hz band gain.

   surround
       Apply audio surround upmix filter.

       This filter allows to produce multichannel output from audio stream.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       chl_out
           Set output channel layout. By default, this is 5.1.

           See the Channel Layout section in the ffmpeg-utils(1) manual for the required syntax.

       chl_in
           Set input channel layout. By default, this is stereo.

           See the Channel Layout section in the ffmpeg-utils(1) manual for the required syntax.

       level_in
           Set input volume level. By default, this is 1.

       level_out
           Set output volume level. By default, this is 1.

       lfe Enable LFE channel output if output channel layout has it. By default, this is enabled.

       lfe_low
           Set LFE low cut off frequency. By default, this is 128 Hz.

       lfe_high
           Set LFE high cut off frequency. By default, this is 256 Hz.

       fc_in
           Set front center input volume. By default, this is 1.

       fc_out
           Set front center output volume. By default, this is 1.

       lfe_in
           Set LFE input volume. By default, this is 1.

       lfe_out
           Set LFE output volume. By default, this is 1.

   treble
       Boost or cut treble (upper) frequencies of the audio using a two-pole shelving filter with a response
       similar to that of a standard hi-fi's tone-controls. This is also known as shelving equalisation (EQ).

       The filter accepts the following options:

       gain, g
           Give the gain at whichever is the lower of ~22 kHz and the Nyquist frequency. Its useful range is
           about -20 (for a large cut) to +20 (for a large boost). Beware of clipping when using a positive
           gain.

       frequency, f
           Set the filter's central frequency and so can be used to extend or reduce the frequency range to be
           boosted or cut.  The default value is 3000 Hz.

       width_type, t
           Set method to specify band-width of filter.

           h   Hz

           q   Q-Factor

           o   octave

           s   slope

       width, w
           Determine how steep is the filter's shelf transition.

       channels, c
           Specify which channels to filter, by default all available are filtered.

   tremolo
       Sinusoidal amplitude modulation.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       f   Modulation frequency in Hertz. Modulation frequencies in the subharmonic range (20 Hz or lower) will
           result in a tremolo effect.  This filter may also be used as a ring modulator by specifying a
           modulation frequency higher than 20 Hz.  Range is 0.1 - 20000.0. Default value is 5.0 Hz.

       d   Depth of modulation as a percentage. Range is 0.0 - 1.0.  Default value is 0.5.

   vibrato
       Sinusoidal phase modulation.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       f   Modulation frequency in Hertz.  Range is 0.1 - 20000.0. Default value is 5.0 Hz.

       d   Depth of modulation as a percentage. Range is 0.0 - 1.0.  Default value is 0.5.

   volume
       Adjust the input audio volume.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       volume
           Set audio volume expression.

           Output values are clipped to the maximum value.

           The output audio volume is given by the relation:

                   <output_volume> = <volume> * <input_volume>

           The default value for volume is "1.0".

       precision
           This parameter represents the mathematical precision.

           It determines which input sample formats will be allowed, which affects the precision of the volume
           scaling.

           fixed
               8-bit fixed-point; this limits input sample format to U8, S16, and S32.

           float
               32-bit floating-point; this limits input sample format to FLT. (default)

           double
               64-bit floating-point; this limits input sample format to DBL.

       replaygain
           Choose the behaviour on encountering ReplayGain side data in input frames.

           drop
               Remove ReplayGain side data, ignoring its contents (the default).

           ignore
               Ignore ReplayGain side data, but leave it in the frame.

           track
               Prefer the track gain, if present.

           album
               Prefer the album gain, if present.

       replaygain_preamp
           Pre-amplification gain in dB to apply to the selected replaygain gain.

           Default value for replaygain_preamp is 0.0.

       eval
           Set when the volume expression is evaluated.

           It accepts the following values:

           once
               only evaluate expression once during the filter initialization, or when the volume command is
               sent

           frame
               evaluate expression for each incoming frame

           Default value is once.

       The volume expression can contain the following parameters.

       n   frame number (starting at zero)

       nb_channels
           number of channels

       nb_consumed_samples
           number of samples consumed by the filter

       nb_samples
           number of samples in the current frame

       pos original frame position in the file

       pts frame PTS

       sample_rate
           sample rate

       startpts
           PTS at start of stream

       startt
           time at start of stream

       t   frame time

       tb  timestamp timebase

       volume
           last set volume value

       Note that when eval is set to once only the sample_rate and tb variables are available, all other
       variables will evaluate to NAN.

       Commands

       This filter supports the following commands:

       volume
           Modify the volume expression.  The command accepts the same syntax of the corresponding option.

           If the specified expression is not valid, it is kept at its current value.

       replaygain_noclip
           Prevent clipping by limiting the gain applied.

           Default value for replaygain_noclip is 1.

       Examples

       •   Halve the input audio volume:

                   volume=volume=0.5
                   volume=volume=1/2
                   volume=volume=-6.0206dB

           In all the above example the named key for volume can be omitted, for example like in:

                   volume=0.5

       •   Increase input audio power by 6 decibels using fixed-point precision:

                   volume=volume=6dB:precision=fixed

       •   Fade volume after time 10 with an annihilation period of 5 seconds:

                   volume='if(lt(t,10),1,max(1-(t-10)/5,0))':eval=frame

   volumedetect
       Detect the volume of the input video.

       The filter has no parameters. The input is not modified. Statistics about the volume will be printed in
       the log when the input stream end is reached.

       In particular it will show the mean volume (root mean square), maximum volume (on a per-sample basis),
       and the beginning of a histogram of the registered volume values (from the maximum value to a cumulated
       1/1000 of the samples).

       All volumes are in decibels relative to the maximum PCM value.

       Examples

       Here is an excerpt of the output:

               [Parsed_volumedetect_0  0xa23120] mean_volume: -27 dB
               [Parsed_volumedetect_0  0xa23120] max_volume: -4 dB
               [Parsed_volumedetect_0  0xa23120] histogram_4db: 6
               [Parsed_volumedetect_0  0xa23120] histogram_5db: 62
               [Parsed_volumedetect_0  0xa23120] histogram_6db: 286
               [Parsed_volumedetect_0  0xa23120] histogram_7db: 1042
               [Parsed_volumedetect_0  0xa23120] histogram_8db: 2551
               [Parsed_volumedetect_0  0xa23120] histogram_9db: 4609
               [Parsed_volumedetect_0  0xa23120] histogram_10db: 8409

       It means that:

       •   The mean square energy is approximately -27 dB, or 10^-2.7.

       •   The largest sample is at -4 dB, or more precisely between -4 dB and -5 dB.

       •   There are 6 samples at -4 dB, 62 at -5 dB, 286 at -6 dB, etc.

       In other words, raising the volume by +4 dB does not cause any clipping, raising it by +5 dB causes
       clipping for 6 samples, etc.

AUDIO SOURCES

       Below is a description of the currently available audio sources.

   abuffer
       Buffer audio frames, and make them available to the filter chain.

       This source is mainly intended for a programmatic use, in particular through the interface defined in
       libavfilter/asrc_abuffer.h.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       time_base
           The timebase which will be used for timestamps of submitted frames. It must be either a floating-
           point number or in numerator/denominator form.

       sample_rate
           The sample rate of the incoming audio buffers.

       sample_fmt
           The sample format of the incoming audio buffers.  Either a sample format name or its corresponding
           integer representation from the enum AVSampleFormat in libavutil/samplefmt.h

       channel_layout
           The channel layout of the incoming audio buffers.  Either a channel layout name from
           channel_layout_map in libavutil/channel_layout.c or its corresponding integer representation from the
           AV_CH_LAYOUT_* macros in libavutil/channel_layout.h

       channels
           The number of channels of the incoming audio buffers.  If both channels and channel_layout are
           specified, then they must be consistent.

       Examples

               abuffer=sample_rate=44100:sample_fmt=s16p:channel_layout=stereo

       will instruct the source to accept planar 16bit signed stereo at 44100Hz.  Since the sample format with
       name "s16p" corresponds to the number 6 and the "stereo" channel layout corresponds to the value 0x3,
       this is equivalent to:

               abuffer=sample_rate=44100:sample_fmt=6:channel_layout=0x3

   aevalsrc
       Generate an audio signal specified by an expression.

       This source accepts in input one or more expressions (one for each channel), which are evaluated and used
       to generate a corresponding audio signal.

       This source accepts the following options:

       exprs
           Set the '|'-separated expressions list for each separate channel. In case the channel_layout option
           is not specified, the selected channel layout depends on the number of provided expressions.
           Otherwise the last specified expression is applied to the remaining output channels.

       channel_layout, c
           Set the channel layout. The number of channels in the specified layout must be equal to the number of
           specified expressions.

       duration, d
           Set the minimum duration of the sourced audio. See the Time duration section in the ffmpeg-utils(1)
           manual for the accepted syntax.  Note that the resulting duration may be greater than the specified
           duration, as the generated audio is always cut at the end of a complete frame.

           If not specified, or the expressed duration is negative, the audio is supposed to be generated
           forever.

       nb_samples, n
           Set the number of samples per channel per each output frame, default to 1024.

       sample_rate, s
           Specify the sample rate, default to 44100.

       Each expression in exprs can contain the following constants:

       n   number of the evaluated sample, starting from 0

       t   time of the evaluated sample expressed in seconds, starting from 0

       s   sample rate

       Examples

       •   Generate silence:

                   aevalsrc=0

       •   Generate a sin signal with frequency of 440 Hz, set sample rate to 8000 Hz:

                   aevalsrc="sin(440*2*PI*t):s=8000"

       •   Generate a two channels signal, specify the channel layout (Front Center + Back Center) explicitly:

                   aevalsrc="sin(420*2*PI*t)|cos(430*2*PI*t):c=FC|BC"

       •   Generate white noise:

                   aevalsrc="-2+random(0)"

       •   Generate an amplitude modulated signal:

                   aevalsrc="sin(10*2*PI*t)*sin(880*2*PI*t)"

       •   Generate 2.5 Hz binaural beats on a 360 Hz carrier:

                   aevalsrc="0.1*sin(2*PI*(360-2.5/2)*t) | 0.1*sin(2*PI*(360+2.5/2)*t)"

   anullsrc
       The null audio source, return unprocessed audio frames. It is mainly useful as a template and to be
       employed in analysis / debugging tools, or as the source for filters which ignore the input data (for
       example the sox synth filter).

       This source accepts the following options:

       channel_layout, cl
           Specifies the channel layout, and can be either an integer or a string representing a channel layout.
           The default value of channel_layout is "stereo".

           Check the channel_layout_map definition in libavutil/channel_layout.c for the mapping between strings
           and channel layout values.

       sample_rate, r
           Specifies the sample rate, and defaults to 44100.

       nb_samples, n
           Set the number of samples per requested frames.

       Examples

       •   Set the sample rate to 48000 Hz and the channel layout to AV_CH_LAYOUT_MONO.

                   anullsrc=r=48000:cl=4

       •   Do the same operation with a more obvious syntax:

                   anullsrc=r=48000:cl=mono

       All the parameters need to be explicitly defined.

   flite
       Synthesize a voice utterance using the libflite library.

       To enable compilation of this filter you need to configure FFmpeg with "--enable-libflite".

       Note that the flite library is not thread-safe.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       list_voices
           If set to 1, list the names of the available voices and exit immediately. Default value is 0.

       nb_samples, n
           Set the maximum number of samples per frame. Default value is 512.

       textfile
           Set the filename containing the text to speak.

       text
           Set the text to speak.

       voice, v
           Set the voice to use for the speech synthesis. Default value is "kal". See also the list_voices
           option.

       Examples

       •   Read from file speech.txt, and synthesize the text using the standard flite voice:

                   flite=textfile=speech.txt

       •   Read the specified text selecting the "slt" voice:

                   flite=text='So fare thee well, poor devil of a Sub-Sub, whose commentator I am':voice=slt

       •   Input text to ffmpeg:

                   ffmpeg -f lavfi -i flite=text='So fare thee well, poor devil of a Sub-Sub, whose commentator I am':voice=slt

       •   Make ffplay speak the specified text, using "flite" and the "lavfi" device:

                   ffplay -f lavfi flite=text='No more be grieved for which that thou hast done.'

       For more information about libflite, check: <http://www.speech.cs.cmu.edu/flite/>

   anoisesrc
       Generate a noise audio signal.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       sample_rate, r
           Specify the sample rate. Default value is 48000 Hz.

       amplitude, a
           Specify the amplitude (0.0 - 1.0) of the generated audio stream. Default value is 1.0.

       duration, d
           Specify the duration of the generated audio stream. Not specifying this option results in noise with
           an infinite length.

       color, colour, c
           Specify the color of noise. Available noise colors are white, pink, brown, blue and violet. Default
           color is white.

       seed, s
           Specify a value used to seed the PRNG.

       nb_samples, n
           Set the number of samples per each output frame, default is 1024.

       Examples

       •   Generate 60 seconds of pink noise, with a 44.1 kHz sampling rate and an amplitude of 0.5:

                   anoisesrc=d=60:c=pink:r=44100:a=0.5

   sine
       Generate an audio signal made of a sine wave with amplitude 1/8.

       The audio signal is bit-exact.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       frequency, f
           Set the carrier frequency. Default is 440 Hz.

       beep_factor, b
           Enable a periodic beep every second with frequency beep_factor times the carrier frequency. Default
           is 0, meaning the beep is disabled.

       sample_rate, r
           Specify the sample rate, default is 44100.

       duration, d
           Specify the duration of the generated audio stream.

       samples_per_frame
           Set the number of samples per output frame.

           The expression can contain the following constants:

           n   The (sequential) number of the output audio frame, starting from 0.

           pts The PTS (Presentation TimeStamp) of the output audio frame, expressed in TB units.

           t   The PTS of the output audio frame, expressed in seconds.

           TB  The timebase of the output audio frames.

           Default is 1024.

       Examples

       •   Generate a simple 440 Hz sine wave:

                   sine

       •   Generate a 220 Hz sine wave with a 880 Hz beep each second, for 5 seconds:

                   sine=220:4:d=5
                   sine=f=220:b=4:d=5
                   sine=frequency=220:beep_factor=4:duration=5

       •   Generate a 1 kHz sine wave following "1602,1601,1602,1601,1602" NTSC pattern:

                   sine=1000:samples_per_frame='st(0,mod(n,5)); 1602-not(not(eq(ld(0),1)+eq(ld(0),3)))'

AUDIO SINKS

       Below is a description of the currently available audio sinks.

   abuffersink
       Buffer audio frames, and make them available to the end of filter chain.

       This sink is mainly intended for programmatic use, in particular through the interface defined in
       libavfilter/buffersink.h or the options system.

       It accepts a pointer to an AVABufferSinkContext structure, which defines the incoming buffers' formats,
       to be passed as the opaque parameter to "avfilter_init_filter" for initialization.

   anullsink
       Null audio sink; do absolutely nothing with the input audio. It is mainly useful as a template and for
       use in analysis / debugging tools.

VIDEO FILTERS

       When you configure your FFmpeg build, you can disable any of the existing filters using
       "--disable-filters".  The configure output will show the video filters included in your build.

       Below is a description of the currently available video filters.

   alphaextract
       Extract the alpha component from the input as a grayscale video. This is especially useful with the
       alphamerge filter.

   alphamerge
       Add or replace the alpha component of the primary input with the grayscale value of a second input. This
       is intended for use with alphaextract to allow the transmission or storage of frame sequences that have
       alpha in a format that doesn't support an alpha channel.

       For example, to reconstruct full frames from a normal YUV-encoded video and a separate video created with
       alphaextract, you might use:

               movie=in_alpha.mkv [alpha]; [in][alpha] alphamerge [out]

       Since this filter is designed for reconstruction, it operates on frame sequences without considering
       timestamps, and terminates when either input reaches end of stream. This will cause problems if your
       encoding pipeline drops frames. If you're trying to apply an image as an overlay to a video stream,
       consider the overlay filter instead.

   ass
       Same as the subtitles filter, except that it doesn't require libavcodec and libavformat to work. On the
       other hand, it is limited to ASS (Advanced Substation Alpha) subtitles files.

       This filter accepts the following option in addition to the common options from the subtitles filter:

       shaping
           Set the shaping engine

           Available values are:

           auto
               The default libass shaping engine, which is the best available.

           simple
               Fast, font-agnostic shaper that can do only substitutions

           complex
               Slower shaper using OpenType for substitutions and positioning

           The default is "auto".

   atadenoise
       Apply an Adaptive Temporal Averaging Denoiser to the video input.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       0a  Set threshold A for 1st plane. Default is 0.02.  Valid range is 0 to 0.3.

       0b  Set threshold B for 1st plane. Default is 0.04.  Valid range is 0 to 5.

       1a  Set threshold A for 2nd plane. Default is 0.02.  Valid range is 0 to 0.3.

       1b  Set threshold B for 2nd plane. Default is 0.04.  Valid range is 0 to 5.

       2a  Set threshold A for 3rd plane. Default is 0.02.  Valid range is 0 to 0.3.

       2b  Set threshold B for 3rd plane. Default is 0.04.  Valid range is 0 to 5.

           Threshold A is designed to react on abrupt changes in the input signal and threshold B is designed to
           react on continuous changes in the input signal.

       s   Set number of frames filter will use for averaging. Default is 33. Must be odd number in range [5,
           129].

       p   Set what planes of frame filter will use for averaging. Default is all.

   avgblur
       Apply average blur filter.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       sizeX
           Set horizontal kernel size.

       planes
           Set which planes to filter. By default all planes are filtered.

       sizeY
           Set vertical kernel size, if zero it will be same as "sizeX".  Default is 0.

   bbox
       Compute the bounding box for the non-black pixels in the input frame luminance plane.

       This filter computes the bounding box containing all the pixels with a luminance value greater than the
       minimum allowed value.  The parameters describing the bounding box are printed on the filter log.

       The filter accepts the following option:

       min_val
           Set the minimal luminance value. Default is 16.

   bitplanenoise
       Show and measure bit plane noise.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       bitplane
           Set which plane to analyze. Default is 1.

       filter
           Filter out noisy pixels from "bitplane" set above.  Default is disabled.

   blackdetect
       Detect video intervals that are (almost) completely black. Can be useful to detect chapter transitions,
       commercials, or invalid recordings. Output lines contains the time for the start, end and duration of the
       detected black interval expressed in seconds.

       In order to display the output lines, you need to set the loglevel at least to the AV_LOG_INFO value.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       black_min_duration, d
           Set the minimum detected black duration expressed in seconds. It must be a non-negative floating
           point number.

           Default value is 2.0.

       picture_black_ratio_th, pic_th
           Set the threshold for considering a picture "black".  Express the minimum value for the ratio:

                   <nb_black_pixels> / <nb_pixels>

           for which a picture is considered black.  Default value is 0.98.

       pixel_black_th, pix_th
           Set the threshold for considering a pixel "black".

           The threshold expresses the maximum pixel luminance value for which a pixel is considered "black".
           The provided value is scaled according to the following equation:

                   <absolute_threshold> = <luminance_minimum_value> + <pixel_black_th> * <luminance_range_size>

           luminance_range_size and luminance_minimum_value depend on the input video format, the range is
           [0-255] for YUV full-range formats and [16-235] for YUV non full-range formats.

           Default value is 0.10.

       The following example sets the maximum pixel threshold to the minimum value, and detects only black
       intervals of 2 or more seconds:

               blackdetect=d=2:pix_th=0.00

   blackframe
       Detect frames that are (almost) completely black. Can be useful to detect chapter transitions or
       commercials. Output lines consist of the frame number of the detected frame, the percentage of blackness,
       the position in the file if known or -1 and the timestamp in seconds.

       In order to display the output lines, you need to set the loglevel at least to the AV_LOG_INFO value.

       This filter exports frame metadata "lavfi.blackframe.pblack".  The value represents the percentage of
       pixels in the picture that are below the threshold value.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       amount
           The percentage of the pixels that have to be below the threshold; it defaults to 98.

       threshold, thresh
           The threshold below which a pixel value is considered black; it defaults to 32.

   blend, tblend
       Blend two video frames into each other.

       The "blend" filter takes two input streams and outputs one stream, the first input is the "top" layer and
       second input is "bottom" layer.  By default, the output terminates when the longest input terminates.

       The "tblend" (time blend) filter takes two consecutive frames from one single stream, and outputs the
       result obtained by blending the new frame on top of the old frame.

       A description of the accepted options follows.

       c0_mode
       c1_mode
       c2_mode
       c3_mode
       all_mode
           Set blend mode for specific pixel component or all pixel components in case of all_mode. Default
           value is "normal".

           Available values for component modes are:

           addition
           grainmerge
           and
           average
           burn
           darken
           difference
           grainextract
           divide
           dodge
           freeze
           exclusion
           extremity
           glow
           hardlight
           hardmix
           heat
           lighten
           linearlight
           multiply
           multiply128
           negation
           normal
           or
           overlay
           phoenix
           pinlight
           reflect
           screen
           softlight
           subtract
           vividlight
           xor
       c0_opacity
       c1_opacity
       c2_opacity
       c3_opacity
       all_opacity
           Set blend opacity for specific pixel component or all pixel components in case of all_opacity. Only
           used in combination with pixel component blend modes.

       c0_expr
       c1_expr
       c2_expr
       c3_expr
       all_expr
           Set blend expression for specific pixel component or all pixel components in case of all_expr. Note
           that related mode options will be ignored if those are set.

           The expressions can use the following variables:

           N   The sequential number of the filtered frame, starting from 0.

           X
           Y   the coordinates of the current sample

           W
           H   the width and height of currently filtered plane

           SW
           SH  Width and height scale depending on the currently filtered plane. It is the ratio between the
               corresponding luma plane number of pixels and the current plane ones. E.g. for YUV4:2:0 the
               values are "1,1" for the luma plane, and "0.5,0.5" for chroma planes.

           T   Time of the current frame, expressed in seconds.

           TOP, A
               Value of pixel component at current location for first video frame (top layer).

           BOTTOM, B
               Value of pixel component at current location for second video frame (bottom layer).

       The "blend" filter also supports the framesync options.

       Examples

       •   Apply transition from bottom layer to top layer in first 10 seconds:

                   blend=all_expr='A*(if(gte(T,10),1,T/10))+B*(1-(if(gte(T,10),1,T/10)))'

       •   Apply linear horizontal transition from top layer to bottom layer:

                   blend=all_expr='A*(X/W)+B*(1-X/W)'

       •   Apply 1x1 checkerboard effect:

                   blend=all_expr='if(eq(mod(X,2),mod(Y,2)),A,B)'

       •   Apply uncover left effect:

                   blend=all_expr='if(gte(N*SW+X,W),A,B)'

       •   Apply uncover down effect:

                   blend=all_expr='if(gte(Y-N*SH,0),A,B)'

       •   Apply uncover up-left effect:

                   blend=all_expr='if(gte(T*SH*40+Y,H)*gte((T*40*SW+X)*W/H,W),A,B)'

       •   Split diagonally video and shows top and bottom layer on each side:

                   blend=all_expr='if(gt(X,Y*(W/H)),A,B)'

       •   Display differences between the current and the previous frame:

                   tblend=all_mode=grainextract

   boxblur
       Apply a boxblur algorithm to the input video.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       luma_radius, lr
       luma_power, lp
       chroma_radius, cr
       chroma_power, cp
       alpha_radius, ar
       alpha_power, ap

       A description of the accepted options follows.

       luma_radius, lr
       chroma_radius, cr
       alpha_radius, ar
           Set an expression for the box radius in pixels used for blurring the corresponding input plane.

           The radius value must be a non-negative number, and must not be greater than the value of the
           expression "min(w,h)/2" for the luma and alpha planes, and of "min(cw,ch)/2" for the chroma planes.

           Default value for luma_radius is "2". If not specified, chroma_radius and alpha_radius default to the
           corresponding value set for luma_radius.

           The expressions can contain the following constants:

           w
           h   The input width and height in pixels.

           cw
           ch  The input chroma image width and height in pixels.

           hsub
           vsub
               The horizontal and vertical chroma subsample values. For example, for the pixel format "yuv422p",
               hsub is 2 and vsub is 1.

       luma_power, lp
       chroma_power, cp
       alpha_power, ap
           Specify how many times the boxblur filter is applied to the corresponding plane.

           Default value for luma_power is 2. If not specified, chroma_power and alpha_power default to the
           corresponding value set for luma_power.

           A value of 0 will disable the effect.

       Examples

       •   Apply a boxblur filter with the luma, chroma, and alpha radii set to 2:

                   boxblur=luma_radius=2:luma_power=1
                   boxblur=2:1

       •   Set the luma radius to 2, and alpha and chroma radius to 0:

                   boxblur=2:1:cr=0:ar=0

       •   Set the luma and chroma radii to a fraction of the video dimension:

                   boxblur=luma_radius=min(h\,w)/10:luma_power=1:chroma_radius=min(cw\,ch)/10:chroma_power=1

   bwdif
       Deinterlace the input video ("bwdif" stands for "Bob Weaver Deinterlacing Filter").

       Motion adaptive deinterlacing based on yadif with the use of w3fdif and cubic interpolation algorithms.
       It accepts the following parameters:

       mode
           The interlacing mode to adopt. It accepts one of the following values:

           0, send_frame
               Output one frame for each frame.

           1, send_field
               Output one frame for each field.

           The default value is "send_field".

       parity
           The picture field parity assumed for the input interlaced video. It accepts one of the following
           values:

           0, tff
               Assume the top field is first.

           1, bff
               Assume the bottom field is first.

           -1, auto
               Enable automatic detection of field parity.

           The default value is "auto".  If the interlacing is unknown or the decoder does not export this
           information, top field first will be assumed.

       deint
           Specify which frames to deinterlace. Accept one of the following values:

           0, all
               Deinterlace all frames.

           1, interlaced
               Only deinterlace frames marked as interlaced.

           The default value is "all".

   chromakey
       YUV colorspace color/chroma keying.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       color
           The color which will be replaced with transparency.

       similarity
           Similarity percentage with the key color.

           0.01 matches only the exact key color, while 1.0 matches everything.

       blend
           Blend percentage.

           0.0 makes pixels either fully transparent, or not transparent at all.

           Higher values result in semi-transparent pixels, with a higher transparency the more similar the
           pixels color is to the key color.

       yuv Signals that the color passed is already in YUV instead of RGB.

           Literal colors like "green" or "red" don't make sense with this enabled anymore.  This can be used to
           pass exact YUV values as hexadecimal numbers.

       Examples

       •   Make every green pixel in the input image transparent:

                   ffmpeg -i input.png -vf chromakey=green out.png

       •   Overlay a greenscreen-video on top of a static black background.

                   ffmpeg -f lavfi -i color=c=black:s=1280x720 -i video.mp4 -shortest -filter_complex "[1:v]chromakey=0x70de77:0.1:0.2[ckout];[0:v][ckout]overlay[out]" -map "[out]" output.mkv

   ciescope
       Display CIE color diagram with pixels overlaid onto it.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       system
           Set color system.

           ntsc, 470m
           ebu, 470bg
           smpte
           240m
           apple
           widergb
           cie1931
           rec709, hdtv
           uhdtv, rec2020
       cie Set CIE system.

           xyy
           ucs
           luv
       gamuts
           Set what gamuts to draw.

           See "system" option for available values.

       size, s
           Set ciescope size, by default set to 512.

       intensity, i
           Set intensity used to map input pixel values to CIE diagram.

       contrast
           Set contrast used to draw tongue colors that are out of active color system gamut.

       corrgamma
           Correct gamma displayed on scope, by default enabled.

       showwhite
           Show white point on CIE diagram, by default disabled.

       gamma
           Set input gamma. Used only with XYZ input color space.

   codecview
       Visualize information exported by some codecs.

       Some codecs can export information through frames using side-data or other means. For example, some MPEG
       based codecs export motion vectors through the export_mvs flag in the codec flags2 option.

       The filter accepts the following option:

       mv  Set motion vectors to visualize.

           Available flags for mv are:

           pf  forward predicted MVs of P-frames

           bf  forward predicted MVs of B-frames

           bb  backward predicted MVs of B-frames

       qp  Display quantization parameters using the chroma planes.

       mv_type, mvt
           Set motion vectors type to visualize. Includes MVs from all frames unless specified by frame_type
           option.

           Available flags for mv_type are:

           fp  forward predicted MVs

           bp  backward predicted MVs

       frame_type, ft
           Set frame type to visualize motion vectors of.

           Available flags for frame_type are:

           if  intra-coded frames (I-frames)

           pf  predicted frames (P-frames)

           bf  bi-directionally predicted frames (B-frames)

       Examples

       •   Visualize forward predicted MVs of all frames using ffplay:

                   ffplay -flags2 +export_mvs input.mp4 -vf codecview=mv_type=fp

       •   Visualize multi-directionals MVs of P and B-Frames using ffplay:

                   ffplay -flags2 +export_mvs input.mp4 -vf codecview=mv=pf+bf+bb

   colorbalance
       Modify intensity of primary colors (red, green and blue) of input frames.

       The filter allows an input frame to be adjusted in the shadows, midtones or highlights regions for the
       red-cyan, green-magenta or blue-yellow balance.

       A positive adjustment value shifts the balance towards the primary color, a negative value towards the
       complementary color.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       rs
       gs
       bs  Adjust red, green and blue shadows (darkest pixels).

       rm
       gm
       bm  Adjust red, green and blue midtones (medium pixels).

       rh
       gh
       bh  Adjust red, green and blue highlights (brightest pixels).

           Allowed ranges for options are "[-1.0, 1.0]". Defaults are 0.

       Examples

       •   Add red color cast to shadows:

                   colorbalance=rs=.3

   colorkey
       RGB colorspace color keying.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       color
           The color which will be replaced with transparency.

       similarity
           Similarity percentage with the key color.

           0.01 matches only the exact key color, while 1.0 matches everything.

       blend
           Blend percentage.

           0.0 makes pixels either fully transparent, or not transparent at all.

           Higher values result in semi-transparent pixels, with a higher transparency the more similar the
           pixels color is to the key color.

       Examples

       •   Make every green pixel in the input image transparent:

                   ffmpeg -i input.png -vf colorkey=green out.png

       •   Overlay a greenscreen-video on top of a static background image.

                   ffmpeg -i background.png -i video.mp4 -filter_complex "[1:v]colorkey=0x3BBD1E:0.3:0.2[ckout];[0:v][ckout]overlay[out]" -map "[out]" output.flv

   colorlevels
       Adjust video input frames using levels.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       rimin
       gimin
       bimin
       aimin
           Adjust red, green, blue and alpha input black point.  Allowed ranges for options are "[-1.0, 1.0]".
           Defaults are 0.

       rimax
       gimax
       bimax
       aimax
           Adjust red, green, blue and alpha input white point.  Allowed ranges for options are "[-1.0, 1.0]".
           Defaults are 1.

           Input levels are used to lighten highlights (bright tones), darken shadows (dark tones), change the
           balance of bright and dark tones.

       romin
       gomin
       bomin
       aomin
           Adjust red, green, blue and alpha output black point.  Allowed ranges for options are "[0, 1.0]".
           Defaults are 0.

       romax
       gomax
       bomax
       aomax
           Adjust red, green, blue and alpha output white point.  Allowed ranges for options are "[0, 1.0]".
           Defaults are 1.

           Output levels allows manual selection of a constrained output level range.

       Examples

       •   Make video output darker:

                   colorlevels=rimin=0.058:gimin=0.058:bimin=0.058

       •   Increase contrast:

                   colorlevels=rimin=0.039:gimin=0.039:bimin=0.039:rimax=0.96:gimax=0.96:bimax=0.96

       •   Make video output lighter:

                   colorlevels=rimax=0.902:gimax=0.902:bimax=0.902

       •   Increase brightness:

                   colorlevels=romin=0.5:gomin=0.5:bomin=0.5

   colorchannelmixer
       Adjust video input frames by re-mixing color channels.

       This filter modifies a color channel by adding the values associated to the other channels of the same
       pixels. For example if the value to modify is red, the output value will be:

               <red>=<red>*<rr> + <blue>*<rb> + <green>*<rg> + <alpha>*<ra>

       The filter accepts the following options:

       rr
       rg
       rb
       ra  Adjust contribution of input red, green, blue and alpha channels for output red channel.  Default is
           1 for rr, and 0 for rg, rb and ra.

       gr
       gg
       gb
       ga  Adjust contribution of input red, green, blue and alpha channels for output green channel.  Default
           is 1 for gg, and 0 for gr, gb and ga.

       br
       bg
       bb
       ba  Adjust contribution of input red, green, blue and alpha channels for output blue channel.  Default is
           1 for bb, and 0 for br, bg and ba.

       ar
       ag
       ab
       aa  Adjust contribution of input red, green, blue and alpha channels for output alpha channel.  Default
           is 1 for aa, and 0 for ar, ag and ab.

           Allowed ranges for options are "[-2.0, 2.0]".

       Examples

       •   Convert source to grayscale:

                   colorchannelmixer=.3:.4:.3:0:.3:.4:.3:0:.3:.4:.3

       •   Simulate sepia tones:

                   colorchannelmixer=.393:.769:.189:0:.349:.686:.168:0:.272:.534:.131

   colormatrix
       Convert color matrix.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       src
       dst Specify the source and destination color matrix. Both values must be specified.

           The accepted values are:

           bt709
               BT.709

           fcc FCC

           bt601
               BT.601

           bt470
               BT.470

           bt470bg
               BT.470BG

           smpte170m
               SMPTE-170M

           smpte240m
               SMPTE-240M

           bt2020
               BT.2020

       For example to convert from BT.601 to SMPTE-240M, use the command:

               colormatrix=bt601:smpte240m

   colorspace
       Convert colorspace, transfer characteristics or color primaries.  Input video needs to have an even size.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       all Specify all color properties at once.

           The accepted values are:

           bt470m
               BT.470M

           bt470bg
               BT.470BG

           bt601-6-525
               BT.601-6 525

           bt601-6-625
               BT.601-6 625

           bt709
               BT.709

           smpte170m
               SMPTE-170M

           smpte240m
               SMPTE-240M

           bt2020
               BT.2020

       space
           Specify output colorspace.

           The accepted values are:

           bt709
               BT.709

           fcc FCC

           bt470bg
               BT.470BG or BT.601-6 625

           smpte170m
               SMPTE-170M or BT.601-6 525

           smpte240m
               SMPTE-240M

           ycgco
               YCgCo

           bt2020ncl
               BT.2020 with non-constant luminance

       trc Specify output transfer characteristics.

           The accepted values are:

           bt709
               BT.709

           bt470m
               BT.470M

           bt470bg
               BT.470BG

           gamma22
               Constant gamma of 2.2

           gamma28
               Constant gamma of 2.8

           smpte170m
               SMPTE-170M, BT.601-6 625 or BT.601-6 525

           smpte240m
               SMPTE-240M

           srgb
               SRGB

           iec61966-2-1
               iec61966-2-1

           iec61966-2-4
               iec61966-2-4

           xvycc
               xvycc

           bt2020-10
               BT.2020 for 10-bits content

           bt2020-12
               BT.2020 for 12-bits content

       primaries
           Specify output color primaries.

           The accepted values are:

           bt709
               BT.709

           bt470m
               BT.470M

           bt470bg
               BT.470BG or BT.601-6 625

           smpte170m
               SMPTE-170M or BT.601-6 525

           smpte240m
               SMPTE-240M

           film
               film

           smpte431
               SMPTE-431

           smpte432
               SMPTE-432

           bt2020
               BT.2020

           jedec-p22
               JEDEC P22 phosphors

       range
           Specify output color range.

           The accepted values are:

           tv  TV (restricted) range

           mpeg
               MPEG (restricted) range

           pc  PC (full) range

           jpeg
               JPEG (full) range

       format
           Specify output color format.

           The accepted values are:

           yuv420p
               YUV 4:2:0 planar 8-bits

           yuv420p10
               YUV 4:2:0 planar 10-bits

           yuv420p12
               YUV 4:2:0 planar 12-bits

           yuv422p
               YUV 4:2:2 planar 8-bits

           yuv422p10
               YUV 4:2:2 planar 10-bits

           yuv422p12
               YUV 4:2:2 planar 12-bits

           yuv444p
               YUV 4:4:4 planar 8-bits

           yuv444p10
               YUV 4:4:4 planar 10-bits

           yuv444p12
               YUV 4:4:4 planar 12-bits

       fast
           Do a fast conversion, which skips gamma/primary correction. This will take significantly less CPU,
           but will be mathematically incorrect. To get output compatible with that produced by the colormatrix
           filter, use fast=1.

       dither
           Specify dithering mode.

           The accepted values are:

           none
               No dithering

           fsb Floyd-Steinberg dithering

       wpadapt
           Whitepoint adaptation mode.

           The accepted values are:

           bradford
               Bradford whitepoint adaptation

           vonkries
               von Kries whitepoint adaptation

           identity
               identity whitepoint adaptation (i.e. no whitepoint adaptation)

       iall
           Override all input properties at once. Same accepted values as all.

       ispace
           Override input colorspace. Same accepted values as space.

       iprimaries
           Override input color primaries. Same accepted values as primaries.

       itrc
           Override input transfer characteristics. Same accepted values as trc.

       irange
           Override input color range. Same accepted values as range.

       The filter converts the transfer characteristics, color space and color primaries to the specified user
       values. The output value, if not specified, is set to a default value based on the "all" property. If
       that property is also not specified, the filter will log an error. The output color range and format
       default to the same value as the input color range and format. The input transfer characteristics, color
       space, color primaries and color range should be set on the input data. If any of these are missing, the
       filter will log an error and no conversion will take place.

       For example to convert the input to SMPTE-240M, use the command:

               colorspace=smpte240m

   convolution
       Apply convolution 3x3 or 5x5 filter.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       0m
       1m
       2m
       3m  Set matrix for each plane.  Matrix is sequence of 9 or 25 signed integers.

       0rdiv
       1rdiv
       2rdiv
       3rdiv
           Set multiplier for calculated value for each plane.

       0bias
       1bias
       2bias
       3bias
           Set bias for each plane. This value is added to the result of the multiplication.  Useful for making
           the overall image brighter or darker. Default is 0.0.

       Examples

       •   Apply sharpen:

                   convolution="0 -1 0 -1 5 -1 0 -1 0:0 -1 0 -1 5 -1 0 -1 0:0 -1 0 -1 5 -1 0 -1 0:0 -1 0 -1 5 -1 0 -1 0"

       •   Apply blur:

                   convolution="1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1:1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1:1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1:1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1:1/9:1/9:1/9:1/9"

       •   Apply edge enhance:

                   convolution="0 0 0 -1 1 0 0 0 0:0 0 0 -1 1 0 0 0 0:0 0 0 -1 1 0 0 0 0:0 0 0 -1 1 0 0 0 0:5:1:1:1:0:128:128:128"

       •   Apply edge detect:

                   convolution="0 1 0 1 -4 1 0 1 0:0 1 0 1 -4 1 0 1 0:0 1 0 1 -4 1 0 1 0:0 1 0 1 -4 1 0 1 0:5:5:5:1:0:128:128:128"

       •   Apply laplacian edge detector which includes diagonals:

                   convolution="1 1 1 1 -8 1 1 1 1:1 1 1 1 -8 1 1 1 1:1 1 1 1 -8 1 1 1 1:1 1 1 1 -8 1 1 1 1:5:5:5:1:0:128:128:0"

       •   Apply emboss:

                   convolution="-2 -1 0 -1 1 1 0 1 2:-2 -1 0 -1 1 1 0 1 2:-2 -1 0 -1 1 1 0 1 2:-2 -1 0 -1 1 1 0 1 2"

   convolve
       Apply 2D convolution of video stream in frequency domain using second stream as impulse.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       planes
           Set which planes to process.

       impulse
           Set which impulse video frames will be processed, can be first or all. Default is all.

       The "convolve" filter also supports the framesync options.

   copy
       Copy the input video source unchanged to the output. This is mainly useful for testing purposes.

   coreimage
       Video filtering on GPU using Apple's CoreImage API on OSX.

       Hardware acceleration is based on an OpenGL context. Usually, this means it is processed by video
       hardware. However, software-based OpenGL implementations exist which means there is no guarantee for
       hardware processing. It depends on the respective OSX.

       There are many filters and image generators provided by Apple that come with a large variety of options.
       The filter has to be referenced by its name along with its options.

       The coreimage filter accepts the following options:

       list_filters
           List all available filters and generators along with all their respective options as well as possible
           minimum and maximum values along with the default values.

                   list_filters=true

       filter
           Specify all filters by their respective name and options.  Use list_filters to determine all valid
           filter names and options.  Numerical options are specified by a float value and are automatically
           clamped to their respective value range.  Vector and color options have to be specified by a list of
           space separated float values. Character escaping has to be done.  A special option name "default" is
           available to use default options for a filter.

           It is required to specify either "default" or at least one of the filter options.  All omitted
           options are used with their default values.  The syntax of the filter string is as follows:

                   filter=<NAME>@<OPTION>=<VALUE>[@<OPTION>=<VALUE>][@...][#<NAME>@<OPTION>=<VALUE>[@<OPTION>=<VALUE>][@...]][#...]

       output_rect
           Specify a rectangle where the output of the filter chain is copied into the input image. It is given
           by a list of space separated float values:

                   output_rect=x\ y\ width\ height

           If not given, the output rectangle equals the dimensions of the input image.  The output rectangle is
           automatically cropped at the borders of the input image. Negative values are valid for each
           component.

                   output_rect=25\ 25\ 100\ 100

       Several filters can be chained for successive processing without GPU-HOST transfers allowing for fast
       processing of complex filter chains.  Currently, only filters with zero (generators) or exactly one
       (filters) input image and one output image are supported. Also, transition filters are not yet usable as
       intended.

       Some filters generate output images with additional padding depending on the respective filter kernel.
       The padding is automatically removed to ensure the filter output has the same size as the input image.

       For image generators, the size of the output image is determined by the previous output image of the
       filter chain or the input image of the whole filterchain, respectively. The generators do not use the
       pixel information of this image to generate their output. However, the generated output is blended onto
       this image, resulting in partial or complete coverage of the output image.

       The coreimagesrc video source can be used for generating input images which are directly fed into the
       filter chain. By using it, providing input images by another video source or an input video is not
       required.

       Examples

       •   List all filters available:

                   coreimage=list_filters=true

       •   Use the CIBoxBlur filter with default options to blur an image:

                   coreimage=filter=CIBoxBlur@default

       •   Use a filter chain with CISepiaTone at default values and CIVignetteEffect with its center at 100x100
           and a radius of 50 pixels:

                   coreimage=filter=CIBoxBlur@default#CIVignetteEffect@inputCenter=100\ 100@inputRadius=50

       •   Use nullsrc and CIQRCodeGenerator to create a QR code for the FFmpeg homepage, given as complete and
           escaped command-line for Apple's standard bash shell:

                   ffmpeg -f lavfi -i nullsrc=s=100x100,coreimage=filter=CIQRCodeGenerator@inputMessage=https\\\\\://FFmpeg.org/@inputCorrectionLevel=H -frames:v 1 QRCode.png

   crop
       Crop the input video to given dimensions.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       w, out_w
           The width of the output video. It defaults to "iw".  This expression is evaluated only once during
           the filter configuration, or when the w or out_w command is sent.

       h, out_h
           The height of the output video. It defaults to "ih".  This expression is evaluated only once during
           the filter configuration, or when the h or out_h command is sent.

       x   The horizontal position, in the input video, of the left edge of the output video. It defaults to
           "(in_w-out_w)/2".  This expression is evaluated per-frame.

       y   The vertical position, in the input video, of the top edge of the output video.  It defaults to
           "(in_h-out_h)/2".  This expression is evaluated per-frame.

       keep_aspect
           If set to 1 will force the output display aspect ratio to be the same of the input, by changing the
           output sample aspect ratio. It defaults to 0.

       exact
           Enable exact cropping. If enabled, subsampled videos will be cropped at exact width/height/x/y as
           specified and will not be rounded to nearest smaller value.  It defaults to 0.

       The out_w, out_h, x, y parameters are expressions containing the following constants:

       x
       y   The computed values for x and y. They are evaluated for each new frame.

       in_w
       in_h
           The input width and height.

       iw
       ih  These are the same as in_w and in_h.

       out_w
       out_h
           The output (cropped) width and height.

       ow
       oh  These are the same as out_w and out_h.

       a   same as iw / ih

       sar input sample aspect ratio

       dar input display aspect ratio, it is the same as (iw / ih) * sar

       hsub
       vsub
           horizontal and vertical chroma subsample values. For example for the pixel format "yuv422p" hsub is 2
           and vsub is 1.

       n   The number of the input frame, starting from 0.

       pos the position in the file of the input frame, NAN if unknown

       t   The timestamp expressed in seconds. It's NAN if the input timestamp is unknown.

       The expression for out_w may depend on the value of out_h, and the expression for out_h may depend on
       out_w, but they cannot depend on x and y, as x and y are evaluated after out_w and out_h.

       The x and y parameters specify the expressions for the position of the top-left corner of the output
       (non-cropped) area. They are evaluated for each frame. If the evaluated value is not valid, it is
       approximated to the nearest valid value.

       The expression for x may depend on y, and the expression for y may depend on x.

       Examples

       •   Crop area with size 100x100 at position (12,34).

                   crop=100:100:12:34

           Using named options, the example above becomes:

                   crop=w=100:h=100:x=12:y=34

       •   Crop the central input area with size 100x100:

                   crop=100:100

       •   Crop the central input area with size 2/3 of the input video:

                   crop=2/3*in_w:2/3*in_h

       •   Crop the input video central square:

                   crop=out_w=in_h
                   crop=in_h

       •   Delimit the rectangle with the top-left corner placed at position 100:100 and the right-bottom corner
           corresponding to the right-bottom corner of the input image.

                   crop=in_w-100:in_h-100:100:100

       •   Crop 10 pixels from the left and right borders, and 20 pixels from the top and bottom borders

                   crop=in_w-2*10:in_h-2*20

       •   Keep only the bottom right quarter of the input image:

                   crop=in_w/2:in_h/2:in_w/2:in_h/2

       •   Crop height for getting Greek harmony:

                   crop=in_w:1/PHI*in_w

       •   Apply trembling effect:

                   crop=in_w/2:in_h/2:(in_w-out_w)/2+((in_w-out_w)/2)*sin(n/10):(in_h-out_h)/2 +((in_h-out_h)/2)*sin(n/7)

       •   Apply erratic camera effect depending on timestamp:

                   crop=in_w/2:in_h/2:(in_w-out_w)/2+((in_w-out_w)/2)*sin(t*10):(in_h-out_h)/2 +((in_h-out_h)/2)*sin(t*13)"

       •   Set x depending on the value of y:

                   crop=in_w/2:in_h/2:y:10+10*sin(n/10)

       Commands

       This filter supports the following commands:

       w, out_w
       h, out_h
       x
       y   Set width/height of the output video and the horizontal/vertical position in the input video.  The
           command accepts the same syntax of the corresponding option.

           If the specified expression is not valid, it is kept at its current value.

   cropdetect
       Auto-detect the crop size.

       It calculates the necessary cropping parameters and prints the recommended parameters via the logging
       system. The detected dimensions correspond to the non-black area of the input video.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       limit
           Set higher black value threshold, which can be optionally specified from nothing (0) to everything
           (255 for 8-bit based formats). An intensity value greater to the set value is considered non-black.
           It defaults to 24.  You can also specify a value between 0.0 and 1.0 which will be scaled depending
           on the bitdepth of the pixel format.

       round
           The value which the width/height should be divisible by. It defaults to 16. The offset is
           automatically adjusted to center the video. Use 2 to get only even dimensions (needed for 4:2:2
           video). 16 is best when encoding to most video codecs.

       reset_count, reset
           Set the counter that determines after how many frames cropdetect will reset the previously detected
           largest video area and start over to detect the current optimal crop area. Default value is 0.

           This can be useful when channel logos distort the video area. 0 indicates 'never reset', and returns
           the largest area encountered during playback.

   curves
       Apply color adjustments using curves.

       This filter is similar to the Adobe Photoshop and GIMP curves tools. Each component (red, green and blue)
       has its values defined by N key points tied from each other using a smooth curve. The x-axis represents
       the pixel values from the input frame, and the y-axis the new pixel values to be set for the output
       frame.

       By default, a component curve is defined by the two points (0;0) and (1;1). This creates a straight line
       where each original pixel value is "adjusted" to its own value, which means no change to the image.

       The filter allows you to redefine these two points and add some more. A new curve (using a natural cubic
       spline interpolation) will be define to pass smoothly through all these new coordinates. The new defined
       points needs to be strictly increasing over the x-axis, and their x and y values must be in the [0;1]
       interval.  If the computed curves happened to go outside the vector spaces, the values will be clipped
       accordingly.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       preset
           Select one of the available color presets. This option can be used in addition to the r, g, b
           parameters; in this case, the later options takes priority on the preset values.  Available presets
           are:

           none
           color_negative
           cross_process
           darker
           increase_contrast
           lighter
           linear_contrast
           medium_contrast
           negative
           strong_contrast
           vintage

           Default is "none".

       master, m
           Set the master key points. These points will define a second pass mapping. It is sometimes called a
           "luminance" or "value" mapping. It can be used with r, g, b or all since it acts like a post-
           processing LUT.

       red, r
           Set the key points for the red component.

       green, g
           Set the key points for the green component.

       blue, b
           Set the key points for the blue component.

       all Set the key points for all components (not including master).  Can be used in addition to the other
           key points component options. In this case, the unset component(s) will fallback on this all setting.

       psfile
           Specify a Photoshop curves file (".acv") to import the settings from.

       plot
           Save Gnuplot script of the curves in specified file.

       To avoid some filtergraph syntax conflicts, each key points list need to be defined using the following
       syntax: "x0/y0 x1/y1 x2/y2 ...".

       Examples

       •   Increase slightly the middle level of blue:

                   curves=blue='0/0 0.5/0.58 1/1'

       •   Vintage effect:

                   curves=r='0/0.11 .42/.51 1/0.95':g='0/0 0.50/0.48 1/1':b='0/0.22 .49/.44 1/0.8'

           Here we obtain the following coordinates for each components:

           red "(0;0.11) (0.42;0.51) (1;0.95)"

           green
               "(0;0) (0.50;0.48) (1;1)"

           blue
               "(0;0.22) (0.49;0.44) (1;0.80)"

       •   The previous example can also be achieved with the associated built-in preset:

                   curves=preset=vintage

       •   Or simply:

                   curves=vintage

       •   Use a Photoshop preset and redefine the points of the green component:

                   curves=psfile='MyCurvesPresets/purple.acv':green='0/0 0.45/0.53 1/1'

       •   Check out the curves of the "cross_process" profile using ffmpeg and gnuplot:

                   ffmpeg -f lavfi -i color -vf curves=cross_process:plot=/tmp/curves.plt -frames:v 1 -f null -
                   gnuplot -p /tmp/curves.plt

   datascope
       Video data analysis filter.

       This filter shows hexadecimal pixel values of part of video.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       size, s
           Set output video size.

       x   Set x offset from where to pick pixels.

       y   Set y offset from where to pick pixels.

       mode
           Set scope mode, can be one of the following:

           mono
               Draw hexadecimal pixel values with white color on black background.

           color
               Draw hexadecimal pixel values with input video pixel color on black background.

           color2
               Draw hexadecimal pixel values on color background picked from input video, the text color is
               picked in such way so its always visible.

       axis
           Draw rows and columns numbers on left and top of video.

       opacity
           Set background opacity.

   dctdnoiz
       Denoise frames using 2D DCT (frequency domain filtering).

       This filter is not designed for real time.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       sigma, s
           Set the noise sigma constant.

           This sigma defines a hard threshold of "3 * sigma"; every DCT coefficient (absolute value) below this
           threshold with be dropped.

           If you need a more advanced filtering, see expr.

           Default is 0.

       overlap
           Set number overlapping pixels for each block. Since the filter can be slow, you may want to reduce
           this value, at the cost of a less effective filter and the risk of various artefacts.

           If the overlapping value doesn't permit processing the whole input width or height, a warning will be
           displayed and according borders won't be denoised.

           Default value is blocksize-1, which is the best possible setting.

       expr, e
           Set the coefficient factor expression.

           For each coefficient of a DCT block, this expression will be evaluated as a multiplier value for the
           coefficient.

           If this is option is set, the sigma option will be ignored.

           The absolute value of the coefficient can be accessed through the c variable.

       n   Set the blocksize using the number of bits. "1<<n" defines the blocksize, which is the width and
           height of the processed blocks.

           The default value is 3 (8x8) and can be raised to 4 for a blocksize of 16x16. Note that changing this
           setting has huge consequences on the speed processing. Also, a larger block size does not necessarily
           means a better de-noising.

       Examples

       Apply a denoise with a sigma of 4.5:

               dctdnoiz=4.5

       The same operation can be achieved using the expression system:

               dctdnoiz=e='gte(c, 4.5*3)'

       Violent denoise using a block size of "16x16":

               dctdnoiz=15:n=4

   deband
       Remove banding artifacts from input video.  It works by replacing banded pixels with average value of
       referenced pixels.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       1thr
       2thr
       3thr
       4thr
           Set banding detection threshold for each plane. Default is 0.02.  Valid range is 0.00003 to 0.5.  If
           difference between current pixel and reference pixel is less than threshold, it will be considered as
           banded.

       range, r
           Banding detection range in pixels. Default is 16. If positive, random number in range 0 to set value
           will be used. If negative, exact absolute value will be used.  The range defines square of four
           pixels around current pixel.

       direction, d
           Set direction in radians from which four pixel will be compared. If positive, random direction from 0
           to set direction will be picked. If negative, exact of absolute value will be picked. For example
           direction 0, -PI or -2*PI radians will pick only pixels on same row and -PI/2 will pick only pixels
           on same column.

       blur, b
           If enabled, current pixel is compared with average value of all four surrounding pixels. The default
           is enabled. If disabled current pixel is compared with all four surrounding pixels. The pixel is
           considered banded if only all four differences with surrounding pixels are less than threshold.

       coupling, c
           If enabled, current pixel is changed if and only if all pixel components are banded, e.g. banding
           detection threshold is triggered for all color components.  The default is disabled.

   decimate
       Drop duplicated frames at regular intervals.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       cycle
           Set the number of frames from which one will be dropped. Setting this to N means one frame in every
           batch of N frames will be dropped.  Default is 5.

       dupthresh
           Set the threshold for duplicate detection. If the difference metric for a frame is less than or equal
           to this value, then it is declared as duplicate. Default is 1.1

       scthresh
           Set scene change threshold. Default is 15.

       blockx
       blocky
           Set the size of the x and y-axis blocks used during metric calculations.  Larger blocks give better
           noise suppression, but also give worse detection of small movements. Must be a power of two. Default
           is 32.

       ppsrc
           Mark main input as a pre-processed input and activate clean source input stream. This allows the
           input to be pre-processed with various filters to help the metrics calculation while keeping the
           frame selection lossless. When set to 1, the first stream is for the pre-processed input, and the
           second stream is the clean source from where the kept frames are chosen. Default is 0.

       chroma
           Set whether or not chroma is considered in the metric calculations. Default is 1.

   deflate
       Apply deflate effect to the video.

       This filter replaces the pixel by the local(3x3) average by taking into account only values lower than
       the pixel.

       It accepts the following options:

       threshold0
       threshold1
       threshold2
       threshold3
           Limit the maximum change for each plane, default is 65535.  If 0, plane will remain unchanged.

   deflicker
       Remove temporal frame luminance variations.

       It accepts the following options:

       size, s
           Set moving-average filter size in frames. Default is 5. Allowed range is 2 - 129.

       mode, m
           Set averaging mode to smooth temporal luminance variations.

           Available values are:

           am  Arithmetic mean

           gm  Geometric mean

           hm  Harmonic mean

           qm  Quadratic mean

           cm  Cubic mean

           pm  Power mean

           median
               Median

       bypass
           Do not actually modify frame. Useful when one only wants metadata.

   dejudder
       Remove judder produced by partially interlaced telecined content.

       Judder can be introduced, for instance, by pullup filter. If the original source was partially telecined
       content then the output of "pullup,dejudder" will have a variable frame rate. May change the recorded
       frame rate of the container. Aside from that change, this filter will not affect constant frame rate
       video.

       The option available in this filter is:

       cycle
           Specify the length of the window over which the judder repeats.

           Accepts any integer greater than 1. Useful values are:

           4   If the original was telecined from 24 to 30 fps (Film to NTSC).

           5   If the original was telecined from 25 to 30 fps (PAL to NTSC).

           20  If a mixture of the two.

           The default is 4.

   delogo
       Suppress a TV station logo by a simple interpolation of the surrounding pixels. Just set a rectangle
       covering the logo and watch it disappear (and sometimes something even uglier appear - your mileage may
       vary).

       It accepts the following parameters:

       x
       y   Specify the top left corner coordinates of the logo. They must be specified.

       w
       h   Specify the width and height of the logo to clear. They must be specified.

       band, t
           Specify the thickness of the fuzzy edge of the rectangle (added to w and h). The default value is 1.
           This option is deprecated, setting higher values should no longer be necessary and is not
           recommended.

       show
           When set to 1, a green rectangle is drawn on the screen to simplify finding the right x, y, w, and h
           parameters.  The default value is 0.

           The rectangle is drawn on the outermost pixels which will be (partly) replaced with interpolated
           values. The values of the next pixels immediately outside this rectangle in each direction will be
           used to compute the interpolated pixel values inside the rectangle.

       Examples

       •   Set a rectangle covering the area with top left corner coordinates 0,0 and size 100x77, and a band of
           size 10:

                   delogo=x=0:y=0:w=100:h=77:band=10

   deshake
       Attempt to fix small changes in horizontal and/or vertical shift. This filter helps remove camera shake
       from hand-holding a camera, bumping a tripod, moving on a vehicle, etc.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       x
       y
       w
       h   Specify a rectangular area where to limit the search for motion vectors.  If desired the search for
           motion vectors can be limited to a rectangular area of the frame defined by its top left corner,
           width and height. These parameters have the same meaning as the drawbox filter which can be used to
           visualise the position of the bounding box.

           This is useful when simultaneous movement of subjects within the frame might be confused for camera
           motion by the motion vector search.

           If any or all of x, y, w and h are set to -1 then the full frame is used. This allows later options
           to be set without specifying the bounding box for the motion vector search.

           Default - search the whole frame.

       rx
       ry  Specify the maximum extent of movement in x and y directions in the range 0-64 pixels. Default 16.

       edge
           Specify how to generate pixels to fill blanks at the edge of the frame. Available values are:

           blank, 0
               Fill zeroes at blank locations

           original, 1
               Original image at blank locations

           clamp, 2
               Extruded edge value at blank locations

           mirror, 3
               Mirrored edge at blank locations

           Default value is mirror.

       blocksize
           Specify the blocksize to use for motion search. Range 4-128 pixels, default 8.

       contrast
           Specify the contrast threshold for blocks. Only blocks with more than the specified contrast
           (difference between darkest and lightest pixels) will be considered. Range 1-255, default 125.

       search
           Specify the search strategy. Available values are:

           exhaustive, 0
               Set exhaustive search

           less, 1
               Set less exhaustive search.

           Default value is exhaustive.

       filename
           If set then a detailed log of the motion search is written to the specified file.

       opencl
           If set to 1, specify using OpenCL capabilities, only available if FFmpeg was configured with
           "--enable-opencl". Default value is 0.

   despill
       Remove unwanted contamination of foreground colors, caused by reflected color of greenscreen or
       bluescreen.

       This filter accepts the following options:

       type
           Set what type of despill to use.

       mix Set how spillmap will be generated.

       expand
           Set how much to get rid of still remaining spill.

       red Controls amount of red in spill area.

       green
           Controls amount of green in spill area.  Should be -1 for greenscreen.

       blue
           Controls amount of blue in spill area.  Should be -1 for bluescreen.

       brightness
           Controls brightness of spill area, preserving colors.

       alpha
           Modify alpha from generated spillmap.

   detelecine
       Apply an exact inverse of the telecine operation. It requires a predefined pattern specified using the
       pattern option which must be the same as that passed to the telecine filter.

       This filter accepts the following options:

       first_field
           top, t
               top field first

           bottom, b
               bottom field first The default value is "top".

       pattern
           A string of numbers representing the pulldown pattern you wish to apply.  The default value is 23.

       start_frame
           A number representing position of the first frame with respect to the telecine pattern. This is to be
           used if the stream is cut. The default value is 0.

   dilation
       Apply dilation effect to the video.

       This filter replaces the pixel by the local(3x3) maximum.

       It accepts the following options:

       threshold0
       threshold1
       threshold2
       threshold3
           Limit the maximum change for each plane, default is 65535.  If 0, plane will remain unchanged.

       coordinates
           Flag which specifies the pixel to refer to. Default is 255 i.e. all eight pixels are used.

           Flags to local 3x3 coordinates maps like this:

               1 2 3
               4   5
               6 7 8

   displace
       Displace pixels as indicated by second and third input stream.

       It takes three input streams and outputs one stream, the first input is the source, and second and third
       input are displacement maps.

       The second input specifies how much to displace pixels along the x-axis, while the third input specifies
       how much to displace pixels along the y-axis.  If one of displacement map streams terminates, last frame
       from that displacement map will be used.

       Note that once generated, displacements maps can be reused over and over again.

       A description of the accepted options follows.

       edge
           Set displace behavior for pixels that are out of range.

           Available values are:

           blank
               Missing pixels are replaced by black pixels.

           smear
               Adjacent pixels will spread out to replace missing pixels.

           wrap
               Out of range pixels are wrapped so they point to pixels of other side.

           mirror
               Out of range pixels will be replaced with mirrored pixels.

           Default is smear.

       Examples

       •   Add ripple effect to rgb input of video size hd720:

                   ffmpeg -i INPUT -f lavfi -i nullsrc=s=hd720,lutrgb=128:128:128 -f lavfi -i nullsrc=s=hd720,geq='r=128+30*sin(2*PI*X/400+T):g=128+30*sin(2*PI*X/400+T):b=128+30*sin(2*PI*X/400+T)' -lavfi '[0][1][2]displace' OUTPUT

       •   Add wave effect to rgb input of video size hd720:

                   ffmpeg -i INPUT -f lavfi -i nullsrc=hd720,geq='r=128+80*(sin(sqrt((X-W/2)*(X-W/2)+(Y-H/2)*(Y-H/2))/220*2*PI+T)):g=128+80*(sin(sqrt((X-W/2)*(X-W/2)+(Y-H/2)*(Y-H/2))/220*2*PI+T)):b=128+80*(sin(sqrt((X-W/2)*(X-W/2)+(Y-H/2)*(Y-H/2))/220*2*PI+T))' -lavfi '[1]split[x][y],[0][x][y]displace' OUTPUT

   drawbox
       Draw a colored box on the input image.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       x
       y   The expressions which specify the top left corner coordinates of the box. It defaults to 0.

       width, w
       height, h
           The expressions which specify the width and height of the box; if 0 they are interpreted as the input
           width and height. It defaults to 0.

       color, c
           Specify the color of the box to write. For the general syntax of this option, check the "Color"
           section in the ffmpeg-utils manual. If the special value "invert" is used, the box edge color is the
           same as the video with inverted luma.

       thickness, t
           The expression which sets the thickness of the box edge. Default value is 3.

           See below for the list of accepted constants.

       The parameters for x, y, w and h and t are expressions containing the following constants:

       dar The input display aspect ratio, it is the same as (w / h) * sar.

       hsub
       vsub
           horizontal and vertical chroma subsample values. For example for the pixel format "yuv422p" hsub is 2
           and vsub is 1.

       in_h, ih
       in_w, iw
           The input width and height.

       sar The input sample aspect ratio.

       x
       y   The x and y offset coordinates where the box is drawn.

       w
       h   The width and height of the drawn box.

       t   The thickness of the drawn box.

           These constants allow the x, y, w, h and t expressions to refer to each other, so you may for example
           specify "y=x/dar" or "h=w/dar".

       Examples

       •   Draw a black box around the edge of the input image:

                   drawbox

       •   Draw a box with color red and an opacity of 50%:

                   drawbox=10:20:200:60:red@0.5

           The previous example can be specified as:

                   drawbox=x=10:y=20:w=200:h=60:color=red@0.5

       •   Fill the box with pink color:

                   drawbox=x=10:y=10:w=100:h=100:color=pink@0.5:t=max

       •   Draw a 2-pixel red 2.40:1 mask:

                   drawbox=x=-t:y=0.5*(ih-iw/2.4)-t:w=iw+t*2:h=iw/2.4+t*2:t=2:c=red

   drawgrid
       Draw a grid on the input image.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       x
       y   The expressions which specify the coordinates of some point of grid intersection (meant to configure
           offset). Both default to 0.

       width, w
       height, h
           The expressions which specify the width and height of the grid cell, if 0 they are interpreted as the
           input width and height, respectively, minus "thickness", so image gets framed. Default to 0.

       color, c
           Specify the color of the grid. For the general syntax of this option, check the "Color" section in
           the ffmpeg-utils manual. If the special value "invert" is used, the grid color is the same as the
           video with inverted luma.

       thickness, t
           The expression which sets the thickness of the grid line. Default value is 1.

           See below for the list of accepted constants.

       The parameters for x, y, w and h and t are expressions containing the following constants:

       dar The input display aspect ratio, it is the same as (w / h) * sar.

       hsub
       vsub
           horizontal and vertical chroma subsample values. For example for the pixel format "yuv422p" hsub is 2
           and vsub is 1.

       in_h, ih
       in_w, iw
           The input grid cell width and height.

       sar The input sample aspect ratio.

       x
       y   The x and y coordinates of some point of grid intersection (meant to configure offset).

       w
       h   The width and height of the drawn cell.

       t   The thickness of the drawn cell.

           These constants allow the x, y, w, h and t expressions to refer to each other, so you may for example
           specify "y=x/dar" or "h=w/dar".

       Examples

       •   Draw a grid with cell 100x100 pixels, thickness 2 pixels, with color red and an opacity of 50%:

                   drawgrid=width=100:height=100:thickness=2:color=red@0.5

       •   Draw a white 3x3 grid with an opacity of 50%:

                   drawgrid=w=iw/3:h=ih/3:t=2:c=white@0.5

   drawtext
       Draw a text string or text from a specified file on top of a video, using the libfreetype library.

       To enable compilation of this filter, you need to configure FFmpeg with "--enable-libfreetype".  To
       enable default font fallback and the font option you need to configure FFmpeg with
       "--enable-libfontconfig".  To enable the text_shaping option, you need to configure FFmpeg with
       "--enable-libfribidi".

       Syntax

       It accepts the following parameters:

       box Used to draw a box around text using the background color.  The value must be either 1 (enable) or 0
           (disable).  The default value of box is 0.

       boxborderw
           Set the width of the border to be drawn around the box using boxcolor.  The default value of
           boxborderw is 0.

       boxcolor
           The color to be used for drawing box around text. For the syntax of this option, check the "Color"
           section in the ffmpeg-utils manual.

           The default value of boxcolor is "white".

       line_spacing
           Set the line spacing in pixels of the border to be drawn around the box using box.  The default value
           of line_spacing is 0.

       borderw
           Set the width of the border to be drawn around the text using bordercolor.  The default value of
           borderw is 0.

       bordercolor
           Set the color to be used for drawing border around text. For the syntax of this option, check the
           "Color" section in the ffmpeg-utils manual.

           The default value of bordercolor is "black".

       expansion
           Select how the text is expanded. Can be either "none", "strftime" (deprecated) or "normal" (default).
           See the drawtext_expansion, Text expansion section below for details.

       basetime
           Set a start time for the count. Value is in microseconds. Only applied in the deprecated strftime
           expansion mode. To emulate in normal expansion mode use the "pts" function, supplying the start time
           (in seconds) as the second argument.

       fix_bounds
           If true, check and fix text coords to avoid clipping.

       fontcolor
           The color to be used for drawing fonts. For the syntax of this option, check the "Color" section in
           the ffmpeg-utils manual.

           The default value of fontcolor is "black".

       fontcolor_expr
           String which is expanded the same way as text to obtain dynamic fontcolor value. By default this
           option has empty value and is not processed. When this option is set, it overrides fontcolor option.

       font
           The font family to be used for drawing text. By default Sans.

       fontfile
           The font file to be used for drawing text. The path must be included.  This parameter is mandatory if
           the fontconfig support is disabled.

       alpha
           Draw the text applying alpha blending. The value can be a number between 0.0 and 1.0.  The expression
           accepts the same variables x, y as well.  The default value is 1.  Please see fontcolor_expr.

       fontsize
           The font size to be used for drawing text.  The default value of fontsize is 16.

       text_shaping
           If set to 1, attempt to shape the text (for example, reverse the order of right-to-left text and join
           Arabic characters) before drawing it.  Otherwise, just draw the text exactly as given.  By default 1
           (if supported).

       ft_load_flags
           The flags to be used for loading the fonts.

           The flags map the corresponding flags supported by libfreetype, and are a combination of the
           following values:

           default
           no_scale
           no_hinting
           render
           no_bitmap
           vertical_layout
           force_autohint
           crop_bitmap
           pedantic
           ignore_global_advance_width
           no_recurse
           ignore_transform
           monochrome
           linear_design
           no_autohint

           Default value is "default".

           For more information consult the documentation for the FT_LOAD_* libfreetype flags.

       shadowcolor
           The color to be used for drawing a shadow behind the drawn text. For the syntax of this option, check
           the "Color" section in the ffmpeg-utils manual.

           The default value of shadowcolor is "black".

       shadowx
       shadowy
           The x and y offsets for the text shadow position with respect to the position of the text. They can
           be either positive or negative values. The default value for both is "0".

       start_number
           The starting frame number for the n/frame_num variable. The default value is "0".

       tabsize
           The size in number of spaces to use for rendering the tab.  Default value is 4.

       timecode
           Set the initial timecode representation in "hh:mm:ss[:;.]ff" format. It can be used with or without
           text parameter. timecode_rate option must be specified.

       timecode_rate, rate, r
           Set the timecode frame rate (timecode only).

       tc24hmax
           If set to 1, the output of the timecode option will wrap around at 24 hours.  Default is 0
           (disabled).

       text
           The text string to be drawn. The text must be a sequence of UTF-8 encoded characters.  This parameter
           is mandatory if no file is specified with the parameter textfile.

       textfile
           A text file containing text to be drawn. The text must be a sequence of UTF-8 encoded characters.

           This parameter is mandatory if no text string is specified with the parameter text.

           If both text and textfile are specified, an error is thrown.

       reload
           If set to 1, the textfile will be reloaded before each frame.  Be sure to update it atomically, or it
           may be read partially, or even fail.

       x
       y   The expressions which specify the offsets where text will be drawn within the video frame. They are
           relative to the top/left border of the output image.

           The default value of x and y is "0".

           See below for the list of accepted constants and functions.

       The parameters for x and y are expressions containing the following constants and functions:

       dar input display aspect ratio, it is the same as (w / h) * sar

       hsub
       vsub
           horizontal and vertical chroma subsample values. For example for the pixel format "yuv422p" hsub is 2
           and vsub is 1.

       line_h, lh
           the height of each text line

       main_h, h, H
           the input height

       main_w, w, W
           the input width

       max_glyph_a, ascent
           the maximum distance from the baseline to the highest/upper grid coordinate used to place a glyph
           outline point, for all the rendered glyphs.  It is a positive value, due to the grid's orientation
           with the Y axis upwards.

       max_glyph_d, descent
           the maximum distance from the baseline to the lowest grid coordinate used to place a glyph outline
           point, for all the rendered glyphs.  This is a negative value, due to the grid's orientation, with
           the Y axis upwards.

       max_glyph_h
           maximum glyph height, that is the maximum height for all the glyphs contained in the rendered text,
           it is equivalent to ascent - descent.

       max_glyph_w
           maximum glyph width, that is the maximum width for all the glyphs contained in the rendered text

       n   the number of input frame, starting from 0

       rand(min, max)
           return a random number included between min and max

       sar The input sample aspect ratio.

       t   timestamp expressed in seconds, NAN if the input timestamp is unknown

       text_h, th
           the height of the rendered text

       text_w, tw
           the width of the rendered text

       x
       y   the x and y offset coordinates where the text is drawn.

           These parameters allow the x and y expressions to refer each other, so you can for example specify
           "y=x/dar".

       Text expansion

       If expansion is set to "strftime", the filter recognizes strftime() sequences in the provided text and
       expands them accordingly. Check the documentation of strftime(). This feature is deprecated.

       If expansion is set to "none", the text is printed verbatim.

       If expansion is set to "normal" (which is the default), the following expansion mechanism is used.

       The backslash character \, followed by any character, always expands to the second character.

       Sequences of the form "%{...}" are expanded. The text between the braces is a function name, possibly
       followed by arguments separated by ':'.  If the arguments contain special characters or delimiters (':'
       or '}'), they should be escaped.

       Note that they probably must also be escaped as the value for the text option in the filter argument
       string and as the filter argument in the filtergraph description, and possibly also for the shell, that
       makes up to four levels of escaping; using a text file avoids these problems.

       The following functions are available:

       expr, e
           The expression evaluation result.

           It must take one argument specifying the expression to be evaluated, which accepts the same constants
           and functions as the x and y values. Note that not all constants should be used, for example the text
           size is not known when evaluating the expression, so the constants text_w and text_h will have an
           undefined value.

       expr_int_format, eif
           Evaluate the expression's value and output as formatted integer.

           The first argument is the expression to be evaluated, just as for the expr function.  The second
           argument specifies the output format. Allowed values are x, X, d and u. They are treated exactly as
           in the "printf" function.  The third parameter is optional and sets the number of positions taken by
           the output.  It can be used to add padding with zeros from the left.

       gmtime
           The time at which the filter is running, expressed in UTC.  It can accept an argument: a strftime()
           format string.

       localtime
           The time at which the filter is running, expressed in the local time zone.  It can accept an
           argument: a strftime() format string.

       metadata
           Frame metadata. Takes one or two arguments.

           The first argument is mandatory and specifies the metadata key.

           The second argument is optional and specifies a default value, used when the metadata key is not
           found or empty.

       n, frame_num
           The frame number, starting from 0.

       pict_type
           A 1 character description of the current picture type.

       pts The timestamp of the current frame.  It can take up to three arguments.

           The first argument is the format of the timestamp; it defaults to "flt" for seconds as a decimal
           number with microsecond accuracy; "hms" stands for a formatted [-]HH:MM:SS.mmm timestamp with
           millisecond accuracy.  "gmtime" stands for the timestamp of the frame formatted as UTC time;
           "localtime" stands for the timestamp of the frame formatted as local time zone time.

           The second argument is an offset added to the timestamp.

           If the format is set to "localtime" or "gmtime", a third argument may be supplied: a strftime()
           format string.  By default, YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS format will be used.

       Examples

       •   Draw "Test Text" with font FreeSerif, using the default values for the optional parameters.

                   drawtext="fontfile=/usr/share/fonts/truetype/freefont/FreeSerif.ttf: text='Test Text'"

       •   Draw 'Test Text' with font FreeSerif of size 24 at position x=100 and y=50 (counting from the top-
           left corner of the screen), text is yellow with a red box around it. Both the text and the box have
           an opacity of 20%.

                   drawtext="fontfile=/usr/share/fonts/truetype/freefont/FreeSerif.ttf: text='Test Text':\
                             x=100: y=50: fontsize=24: fontcolor=yellow@0.2: box=1: boxcolor=red@0.2"

           Note that the double quotes are not necessary if spaces are not used within the parameter list.

       •   Show the text at the center of the video frame:

                   drawtext="fontsize=30:fontfile=FreeSerif.ttf:text='hello world':x=(w-text_w)/2:y=(h-text_h)/2"

       •   Show the text at a random position, switching to a new position every 30 seconds:

                   drawtext="fontsize=30:fontfile=FreeSerif.ttf:text='hello world':x=if(eq(mod(t\,30)\,0)\,rand(0\,(w-text_w))\,x):y=if(eq(mod(t\,30)\,0)\,rand(0\,(h-text_h))\,y)"

       •   Show a text line sliding from right to left in the last row of the video frame. The file LONG_LINE is
           assumed to contain a single line with no newlines.

                   drawtext="fontsize=15:fontfile=FreeSerif.ttf:text=LONG_LINE:y=h-line_h:x=-50*t"

       •   Show the content of file CREDITS off the bottom of the frame and scroll up.

                   drawtext="fontsize=20:fontfile=FreeSerif.ttf:textfile=CREDITS:y=h-20*t"

       •   Draw a single green letter "g", at the center of the input video.  The glyph baseline is placed at
           half screen height.

                   drawtext="fontsize=60:fontfile=FreeSerif.ttf:fontcolor=green:text=g:x=(w-max_glyph_w)/2:y=h/2-ascent"

       •   Show text for 1 second every 3 seconds:

                   drawtext="fontfile=FreeSerif.ttf:fontcolor=white:x=100:y=x/dar:enable=lt(mod(t\,3)\,1):text='blink'"

       •   Use fontconfig to set the font. Note that the colons need to be escaped.

                   drawtext='fontfile=Linux Libertine O-40\:style=Semibold:text=FFmpeg'

       •   Print the date of a real-time encoding (see strftime(3)):

                   drawtext='fontfile=FreeSans.ttf:text=%{localtime\:%a %b %d %Y}'

       •   Show text fading in and out (appearing/disappearing):

                   #!/bin/sh
                   DS=1.0 # display start
                   DE=10.0 # display end
                   FID=1.5 # fade in duration
                   FOD=5 # fade out duration
                   ffplay -f lavfi "color,drawtext=text=TEST:fontsize=50:fontfile=FreeSerif.ttf:fontcolor_expr=ff0000%{eif\\\\: clip(255*(1*between(t\\, $DS + $FID\\, $DE - $FOD) + ((t - $DS)/$FID)*between(t\\, $DS\\, $DS + $FID) + (-(t - $DE)/$FOD)*between(t\\, $DE - $FOD\\, $DE) )\\, 0\\, 255) \\\\: x\\\\: 2 }"

       •   Horizontally align multiple separate texts. Note that max_glyph_a and the fontsize value are included
           in the y offset.

                   drawtext=fontfile=FreeSans.ttf:text=DOG:fontsize=24:x=10:y=20+24-max_glyph_a,
                   drawtext=fontfile=FreeSans.ttf:text=cow:fontsize=24:x=80:y=20+24-max_glyph_a

       For more information about libfreetype, check: <http://www.freetype.org/>.

       For more information about fontconfig, check:
       <http://freedesktop.org/software/fontconfig/fontconfig-user.html>.

       For more information about libfribidi, check: <http://fribidi.org/>.

   edgedetect
       Detect and draw edges. The filter uses the Canny Edge Detection algorithm.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       low
       high
           Set low and high threshold values used by the Canny thresholding algorithm.

           The high threshold selects the "strong" edge pixels, which are then connected through 8-connectivity
           with the "weak" edge pixels selected by the low threshold.

           low and high threshold values must be chosen in the range [0,1], and low should be lesser or equal to
           high.

           Default value for low is "20/255", and default value for high is "50/255".

       mode
           Define the drawing mode.

           wires
               Draw white/gray wires on black background.

           colormix
               Mix the colors to create a paint/cartoon effect.

           Default value is wires.

       Examples

       •   Standard edge detection with custom values for the hysteresis thresholding:

                   edgedetect=low=0.1:high=0.4

       •   Painting effect without thresholding:

                   edgedetect=mode=colormix:high=0

   eq
       Set brightness, contrast, saturation and approximate gamma adjustment.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       contrast
           Set the contrast expression. The value must be a float value in range "-2.0" to 2.0. The default
           value is "1".

       brightness
           Set the brightness expression. The value must be a float value in range "-1.0" to 1.0. The default
           value is "0".

       saturation
           Set the saturation expression. The value must be a float in range 0.0 to 3.0. The default value is
           "1".

       gamma
           Set the gamma expression. The value must be a float in range 0.1 to 10.0.  The default value is "1".

       gamma_r
           Set the gamma expression for red. The value must be a float in range 0.1 to 10.0. The default value
           is "1".

       gamma_g
           Set the gamma expression for green. The value must be a float in range 0.1 to 10.0. The default value
           is "1".

       gamma_b
           Set the gamma expression for blue. The value must be a float in range 0.1 to 10.0. The default value
           is "1".

       gamma_weight
           Set the gamma weight expression. It can be used to reduce the effect of a high gamma value on bright
           image areas, e.g. keep them from getting overamplified and just plain white. The value must be a
           float in range 0.0 to 1.0. A value of 0.0 turns the gamma correction all the way down while 1.0
           leaves it at its full strength. Default is "1".

       eval
           Set when the expressions for brightness, contrast, saturation and gamma expressions are evaluated.

           It accepts the following values:

           init
               only evaluate expressions once during the filter initialization or when a command is processed

           frame
               evaluate expressions for each incoming frame

           Default value is init.

       The expressions accept the following parameters:

       n   frame count of the input frame starting from 0

       pos byte position of the corresponding packet in the input file, NAN if unspecified

       r   frame rate of the input video, NAN if the input frame rate is unknown

       t   timestamp expressed in seconds, NAN if the input timestamp is unknown

       Commands

       The filter supports the following commands:

       contrast
           Set the contrast expression.

       brightness
           Set the brightness expression.

       saturation
           Set the saturation expression.

       gamma
           Set the gamma expression.

       gamma_r
           Set the gamma_r expression.

       gamma_g
           Set gamma_g expression.

       gamma_b
           Set gamma_b expression.

       gamma_weight
           Set gamma_weight expression.

           The command accepts the same syntax of the corresponding option.

           If the specified expression is not valid, it is kept at its current value.

   erosion
       Apply erosion effect to the video.

       This filter replaces the pixel by the local(3x3) minimum.

       It accepts the following options:

       threshold0
       threshold1
       threshold2
       threshold3
           Limit the maximum change for each plane, default is 65535.  If 0, plane will remain unchanged.

       coordinates
           Flag which specifies the pixel to refer to. Default is 255 i.e. all eight pixels are used.

           Flags to local 3x3 coordinates maps like this:

               1 2 3
               4   5
               6 7 8

   extractplanes
       Extract color channel components from input video stream into separate grayscale video streams.

       The filter accepts the following option:

       planes
           Set plane(s) to extract.

           Available values for planes are:

           y
           u
           v
           a
           r
           g
           b

           Choosing planes not available in the input will result in an error.  That means you cannot select
           "r", "g", "b" planes with "y", "u", "v" planes at same time.

       Examples

       •   Extract luma, u and v color channel component from input video frame into 3 grayscale outputs:

                   ffmpeg -i video.avi -filter_complex 'extractplanes=y+u+v[y][u][v]' -map '[y]' y.avi -map '[u]' u.avi -map '[v]' v.avi

   elbg
       Apply a posterize effect using the ELBG (Enhanced LBG) algorithm.

       For each input image, the filter will compute the optimal mapping from the input to the output given the
       codebook length, that is the number of distinct output colors.

       This filter accepts the following options.

       codebook_length, l
           Set codebook length. The value must be a positive integer, and represents the number of distinct
           output colors. Default value is 256.

       nb_steps, n
           Set the maximum number of iterations to apply for computing the optimal mapping. The higher the value
           the better the result and the higher the computation time. Default value is 1.

       seed, s
           Set a random seed, must be an integer included between 0 and UINT32_MAX. If not specified, or if
           explicitly set to -1, the filter will try to use a good random seed on a best effort basis.

       pal8
           Set pal8 output pixel format. This option does not work with codebook length greater than 256.

   fade
       Apply a fade-in/out effect to the input video.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       type, t
           The effect type can be either "in" for a fade-in, or "out" for a fade-out effect.  Default is "in".

       start_frame, s
           Specify the number of the frame to start applying the fade effect at. Default is 0.

       nb_frames, n
           The number of frames that the fade effect lasts. At the end of the fade-in effect, the output video
           will have the same intensity as the input video.  At the end of the fade-out transition, the output
           video will be filled with the selected color.  Default is 25.

       alpha
           If set to 1, fade only alpha channel, if one exists on the input.  Default value is 0.

       start_time, st
           Specify the timestamp (in seconds) of the frame to start to apply the fade effect. If both
           start_frame and start_time are specified, the fade will start at whichever comes last.  Default is 0.

       duration, d
           The number of seconds for which the fade effect has to last. At the end of the fade-in effect the
           output video will have the same intensity as the input video, at the end of the fade-out transition
           the output video will be filled with the selected color.  If both duration and nb_frames are
           specified, duration is used. Default is 0 (nb_frames is used by default).

       color, c
           Specify the color of the fade. Default is "black".

       Examples

       •   Fade in the first 30 frames of video:

                   fade=in:0:30

           The command above is equivalent to:

                   fade=t=in:s=0:n=30

       •   Fade out the last 45 frames of a 200-frame video:

                   fade=out:155:45
                   fade=type=out:start_frame=155:nb_frames=45

       •   Fade in the first 25 frames and fade out the last 25 frames of a 1000-frame video:

                   fade=in:0:25, fade=out:975:25

       •   Make the first 5 frames yellow, then fade in from frame 5-24:

                   fade=in:5:20:color=yellow

       •   Fade in alpha over first 25 frames of video:

                   fade=in:0:25:alpha=1

       •   Make the first 5.5 seconds black, then fade in for 0.5 seconds:

                   fade=t=in:st=5.5:d=0.5

   fftfilt
       Apply arbitrary expressions to samples in frequency domain

       dc_Y
           Adjust the dc value (gain) of the luma plane of the image. The filter accepts an integer value in
           range 0 to 1000. The default value is set to 0.

       dc_U
           Adjust the dc value (gain) of the 1st chroma plane of the image. The filter accepts an integer value
           in range 0 to 1000. The default value is set to 0.

       dc_V
           Adjust the dc value (gain) of the 2nd chroma plane of the image. The filter accepts an integer value
           in range 0 to 1000. The default value is set to 0.

       weight_Y
           Set the frequency domain weight expression for the luma plane.

       weight_U
           Set the frequency domain weight expression for the 1st chroma plane.

       weight_V
           Set the frequency domain weight expression for the 2nd chroma plane.

       eval
           Set when the expressions are evaluated.

           It accepts the following values:

           init
               Only evaluate expressions once during the filter initialization.

           frame
               Evaluate expressions for each incoming frame.

           Default value is init.

           The filter accepts the following variables:

       X
       Y   The coordinates of the current sample.

       W
       H   The width and height of the image.

       N   The number of input frame, starting from 0.

       Examples

       •   High-pass:

                   fftfilt=dc_Y=128:weight_Y='squish(1-(Y+X)/100)'

       •   Low-pass:

                   fftfilt=dc_Y=0:weight_Y='squish((Y+X)/100-1)'

       •   Sharpen:

                   fftfilt=dc_Y=0:weight_Y='1+squish(1-(Y+X)/100)'

       •   Blur:

                   fftfilt=dc_Y=0:weight_Y='exp(-4 * ((Y+X)/(W+H)))'

   field
       Extract a single field from an interlaced image using stride arithmetic to avoid wasting CPU time. The
       output frames are marked as non-interlaced.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       type
           Specify whether to extract the top (if the value is 0 or "top") or the bottom field (if the value is
           1 or "bottom").

   fieldhint
       Create new frames by copying the top and bottom fields from surrounding frames supplied as numbers by the
       hint file.

       hint
           Set file containing hints: absolute/relative frame numbers.

           There must be one line for each frame in a clip. Each line must contain two numbers separated by the
           comma, optionally followed by "-" or "+".  Numbers supplied on each line of file can not be out of
           [N-1,N+1] where N is current frame number for "absolute" mode or out of [-1, 1] range for "relative"
           mode. First number tells from which frame to pick up top field and second number tells from which
           frame to pick up bottom field.

           If optionally followed by "+" output frame will be marked as interlaced, else if followed by "-"
           output frame will be marked as progressive, else it will be marked same as input frame.  If line
           starts with "#" or ";" that line is skipped.

       mode
           Can be item "absolute" or "relative". Default is "absolute".

       Example of first several lines of "hint" file for "relative" mode:

               0,0 - # first frame
               1,0 - # second frame, use third's frame top field and second's frame bottom field
               1,0 - # third frame, use fourth's frame top field and third's frame bottom field
               1,0 -
               0,0 -
               0,0 -
               1,0 -
               1,0 -
               1,0 -
               0,0 -
               0,0 -
               1,0 -
               1,0 -
               1,0 -
               0,0 -

   fieldmatch
       Field matching filter for inverse telecine. It is meant to reconstruct the progressive frames from a
       telecined stream. The filter does not drop duplicated frames, so to achieve a complete inverse telecine
       "fieldmatch" needs to be followed by a decimation filter such as decimate in the filtergraph.

       The separation of the field matching and the decimation is notably motivated by the possibility of
       inserting a de-interlacing filter fallback between the two.  If the source has mixed telecined and real
       interlaced content, "fieldmatch" will not be able to match fields for the interlaced parts.  But these
       remaining combed frames will be marked as interlaced, and thus can be de-interlaced by a later filter
       such as yadif before decimation.

       In addition to the various configuration options, "fieldmatch" can take an optional second stream,
       activated through the ppsrc option. If enabled, the frames reconstruction will be based on the fields and
       frames from this second stream. This allows the first input to be pre-processed in order to help the
       various algorithms of the filter, while keeping the output lossless (assuming the fields are matched
       properly). Typically, a field-aware denoiser, or brightness/contrast adjustments can help.

       Note that this filter uses the same algorithms as TIVTC/TFM (AviSynth project) and VIVTC/VFM (VapourSynth
       project). The later is a light clone of TFM from which "fieldmatch" is based on. While the semantic and
       usage are very close, some behaviour and options names can differ.

       The decimate filter currently only works for constant frame rate input.  If your input has mixed
       telecined (30fps) and progressive content with a lower framerate like 24fps use the following filterchain
       to produce the necessary cfr stream: "dejudder,fps=30000/1001,fieldmatch,decimate".

       The filter accepts the following options:

       order
           Specify the assumed field order of the input stream. Available values are:

           auto
               Auto detect parity (use FFmpeg's internal parity value).

           bff Assume bottom field first.

           tff Assume top field first.

           Note that it is sometimes recommended not to trust the parity announced by the stream.

           Default value is auto.

       mode
           Set the matching mode or strategy to use. pc mode is the safest in the sense that it won't risk
           creating jerkiness due to duplicate frames when possible, but if there are bad edits or blended
           fields it will end up outputting combed frames when a good match might actually exist. On the other
           hand, pcn_ub mode is the most risky in terms of creating jerkiness, but will almost always find a
           good frame if there is one. The other values are all somewhere in between pc and pcn_ub in terms of
           risking jerkiness and creating duplicate frames versus finding good matches in sections with bad
           edits, orphaned fields, blended fields, etc.

           More details about p/c/n/u/b are available in p/c/n/u/b meaning section.

           Available values are:

           pc  2-way matching (p/c)

           pc_n
               2-way matching, and trying 3rd match if still combed (p/c + n)

           pc_u
               2-way matching, and trying 3rd match (same order) if still combed (p/c + u)

           pc_n_ub
               2-way matching, trying 3rd match if still combed, and trying 4th/5th matches if still combed (p/c
               + n + u/b)

           pcn 3-way matching (p/c/n)

           pcn_ub
               3-way matching, and trying 4th/5th matches if all 3 of the original matches are detected as
               combed (p/c/n + u/b)

           The parenthesis at the end indicate the matches that would be used for that mode assuming order=tff
           (and field on auto or top).

           In terms of speed pc mode is by far the fastest and pcn_ub is the slowest.

           Default value is pc_n.

       ppsrc
           Mark the main input stream as a pre-processed input, and enable the secondary input stream as the
           clean source to pick the fields from. See the filter introduction for more details. It is similar to
           the clip2 feature from VFM/TFM.

           Default value is 0 (disabled).

       field
           Set the field to match from. It is recommended to set this to the same value as order unless you
           experience matching failures with that setting. In certain circumstances changing the field that is
           used to match from can have a large impact on matching performance. Available values are:

           auto
               Automatic (same value as order).

           bottom
               Match from the bottom field.

           top Match from the top field.

           Default value is auto.

       mchroma
           Set whether or not chroma is included during the match comparisons. In most cases it is recommended
           to leave this enabled. You should set this to 0 only if your clip has bad chroma problems such as
           heavy rainbowing or other artifacts. Setting this to 0 could also be used to speed things up at the
           cost of some accuracy.

           Default value is 1.

       y0
       y1  These define an exclusion band which excludes the lines between y0 and y1 from being included in the
           field matching decision. An exclusion band can be used to ignore subtitles, a logo, or other things
           that may interfere with the matching. y0 sets the starting scan line and y1 sets the ending line; all
           lines in between y0 and y1 (including y0 and y1) will be ignored. Setting y0 and y1 to the same value
           will disable the feature.  y0 and y1 defaults to 0.

       scthresh
           Set the scene change detection threshold as a percentage of maximum change on the luma plane. Good
           values are in the "[8.0, 14.0]" range. Scene change detection is only relevant in case combmatch=sc.
           The range for scthresh is "[0.0, 100.0]".

           Default value is 12.0.

       combmatch
           When combatch is not none, "fieldmatch" will take into account the combed scores of matches when
           deciding what match to use as the final match. Available values are:

           none
               No final matching based on combed scores.

           sc  Combed scores are only used when a scene change is detected.

           full
               Use combed scores all the time.

           Default is sc.

       combdbg
           Force "fieldmatch" to calculate the combed metrics for certain matches and print them. This setting
           is known as micout in TFM/VFM vocabulary.  Available values are:

           none
               No forced calculation.

           pcn Force p/c/n calculations.

           pcnub
               Force p/c/n/u/b calculations.

           Default value is none.

       cthresh
           This is the area combing threshold used for combed frame detection. This essentially controls how
           "strong" or "visible" combing must be to be detected.  Larger values mean combing must be more
           visible and smaller values mean combing can be less visible or strong and still be detected. Valid
           settings are from "-1" (every pixel will be detected as combed) to 255 (no pixel will be detected as
           combed). This is basically a pixel difference value. A good range is "[8, 12]".

           Default value is 9.

       chroma
           Sets whether or not chroma is considered in the combed frame decision.  Only disable this if your
           source has chroma problems (rainbowing, etc.) that are causing problems for the combed frame
           detection with chroma enabled. Actually, using chroma=0 is usually more reliable, except for the case
           where there is chroma only combing in the source.

           Default value is 0.

       blockx
       blocky
           Respectively set the x-axis and y-axis size of the window used during combed frame detection. This
           has to do with the size of the area in which combpel pixels are required to be detected as combed for
           a frame to be declared combed. See the combpel parameter description for more info.  Possible values
           are any number that is a power of 2 starting at 4 and going up to 512.

           Default value is 16.

       combpel
           The number of combed pixels inside any of the blocky by blockx size blocks on the frame for the frame
           to be detected as combed. While cthresh controls how "visible" the combing must be, this setting
           controls "how much" combing there must be in any localized area (a window defined by the blockx and
           blocky settings) on the frame. Minimum value is 0 and maximum is "blocky x blockx" (at which point no
           frames will ever be detected as combed). This setting is known as MI in TFM/VFM vocabulary.

           Default value is 80.

       p/c/n/u/b meaning

       p/c/n

       We assume the following telecined stream:

               Top fields:     1 2 2 3 4
               Bottom fields:  1 2 3 4 4

       The numbers correspond to the progressive frame the fields relate to. Here, the first two frames are
       progressive, the 3rd and 4th are combed, and so on.

       When "fieldmatch" is configured to run a matching from bottom (field=bottom) this is how this input
       stream get transformed:

               Input stream:
                               T     1 2 2 3 4
                               B     1 2 3 4 4   <-- matching reference

               Matches:              c c n n c

               Output stream:
                               T     1 2 3 4 4
                               B     1 2 3 4 4

       As a result of the field matching, we can see that some frames get duplicated.  To perform a complete
       inverse telecine, you need to rely on a decimation filter after this operation. See for instance the
       decimate filter.

       The same operation now matching from top fields (field=top) looks like this:

               Input stream:
                               T     1 2 2 3 4   <-- matching reference
                               B     1 2 3 4 4

               Matches:              c c p p c

               Output stream:
                               T     1 2 2 3 4
                               B     1 2 2 3 4

       In these examples, we can see what p, c and n mean; basically, they refer to the frame and field of the
       opposite parity:

       *<p matches the field of the opposite parity in the previous frame>
       *<c matches the field of the opposite parity in the current frame>
       *<n matches the field of the opposite parity in the next frame>

       u/b

       The u and b matching are a bit special in the sense that they match from the opposite parity flag. In the
       following examples, we assume that we are currently matching the 2nd frame (Top:2, bottom:2). According
       to the match, a 'x' is placed above and below each matched fields.

       With bottom matching (field=bottom):

               Match:           c         p           n          b          u

                                x       x               x        x          x
                 Top          1 2 2     1 2 2       1 2 2      1 2 2      1 2 2
                 Bottom       1 2 3     1 2 3       1 2 3      1 2 3      1 2 3
                                x         x           x        x              x

               Output frames:
                                2          1          2          2          2
                                2          2          2          1          3

       With top matching (field=top):

               Match:           c         p           n          b          u

                                x         x           x        x              x
                 Top          1 2 2     1 2 2       1 2 2      1 2 2      1 2 2
                 Bottom       1 2 3     1 2 3       1 2 3      1 2 3      1 2 3
                                x       x               x        x          x

               Output frames:
                                2          2          2          1          2
                                2          1          3          2          2

       Examples

       Simple IVTC of a top field first telecined stream:

               fieldmatch=order=tff:combmatch=none, decimate

       Advanced IVTC, with fallback on yadif for still combed frames:

               fieldmatch=order=tff:combmatch=full, yadif=deint=interlaced, decimate

   fieldorder
       Transform the field order of the input video.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       order
           The output field order. Valid values are tff for top field first or bff for bottom field first.

       The default value is tff.

       The transformation is done by shifting the picture content up or down by one line, and filling the
       remaining line with appropriate picture content.  This method is consistent with most broadcast field
       order converters.

       If the input video is not flagged as being interlaced, or it is already flagged as being of the required
       output field order, then this filter does not alter the incoming video.

       It is very useful when converting to or from PAL DV material, which is bottom field first.

       For example:

               ffmpeg -i in.vob -vf "fieldorder=bff" out.dv

   fifo, afifo
       Buffer input images and send them when they are requested.

       It is mainly useful when auto-inserted by the libavfilter framework.

       It does not take parameters.

   find_rect
       Find a rectangular object

       It accepts the following options:

       object
           Filepath of the object image, needs to be in gray8.

       threshold
           Detection threshold, default is 0.5.

       mipmaps
           Number of mipmaps, default is 3.

       xmin, ymin, xmax, ymax
           Specifies the rectangle in which to search.

       Examples

       •   Generate a representative palette of a given video using ffmpeg:

                   ffmpeg -i file.ts -vf find_rect=newref.pgm,cover_rect=cover.jpg:mode=cover new.mkv

   cover_rect
       Cover a rectangular object

       It accepts the following options:

       cover
           Filepath of the optional cover image, needs to be in yuv420.

       mode
           Set covering mode.

           It accepts the following values:

           cover
               cover it by the supplied image

           blur
               cover it by interpolating the surrounding pixels

           Default value is blur.

       Examples

       •   Generate a representative palette of a given video using ffmpeg:

                   ffmpeg -i file.ts -vf find_rect=newref.pgm,cover_rect=cover.jpg:mode=cover new.mkv

   floodfill
       Flood area with values of same pixel components with another values.

       It accepts the following options:

       x   Set pixel x coordinate.

       y   Set pixel y coordinate.

       s0  Set source #0 component value.

       s1  Set source #1 component value.

       s2  Set source #2 component value.

       s3  Set source #3 component value.

       d0  Set destination #0 component value.

       d1  Set destination #1 component value.

       d2  Set destination #2 component value.

       d3  Set destination #3 component value.

   format
       Convert the input video to one of the specified pixel formats.  Libavfilter will try to pick one that is
       suitable as input to the next filter.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       pix_fmts
           A '|'-separated list of pixel format names, such as "pix_fmts=yuv420p|monow|rgb24".

       Examples

       •   Convert the input video to the yuv420p format

                   format=pix_fmts=yuv420p

           Convert the input video to any of the formats in the list

                   format=pix_fmts=yuv420p|yuv444p|yuv410p

   fps
       Convert the video to specified constant frame rate by duplicating or dropping frames as necessary.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       fps The desired output frame rate. The default is 25.

       start_time
           Assume the first PTS should be the given value, in seconds. This allows for padding/trimming at the
           start of stream. By default, no assumption is made about the first frame's expected PTS, so no
           padding or trimming is done.  For example, this could be set to 0 to pad the beginning with
           duplicates of the first frame if a video stream starts after the audio stream or to trim any frames
           with a negative PTS.

       round
           Timestamp (PTS) rounding method.

           Possible values are:

           zero
               round towards 0

           inf round away from 0

           down
               round towards -infinity

           up  round towards +infinity

           near
               round to nearest

           The default is "near".

       eof_action
           Action performed when reading the last frame.

           Possible values are:

           round
               Use same timestamp rounding method as used for other frames.

           pass
               Pass through last frame if input duration has not been reached yet.

           The default is "round".

       Alternatively, the options can be specified as a flat string: fps[:start_time[:round]].

       See also the setpts filter.

       Examples

       •   A typical usage in order to set the fps to 25:

                   fps=fps=25

       •   Sets the fps to 24, using abbreviation and rounding method to round to nearest:

                   fps=fps=film:round=near

   framepack
       Pack two different video streams into a stereoscopic video, setting proper metadata on supported codecs.
       The two views should have the same size and framerate and processing will stop when the shorter video
       ends. Please note that you may conveniently adjust view properties with the scale and fps filters.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       format
           The desired packing format. Supported values are:

           sbs The views are next to each other (default).

           tab The views are on top of each other.

           lines
               The views are packed by line.

           columns
               The views are packed by column.

           frameseq
               The views are temporally interleaved.

       Some examples:

               # Convert left and right views into a frame-sequential video
               ffmpeg -i LEFT -i RIGHT -filter_complex framepack=frameseq OUTPUT

               # Convert views into a side-by-side video with the same output resolution as the input
               ffmpeg -i LEFT -i RIGHT -filter_complex [0:v]scale=w=iw/2[left],[1:v]scale=w=iw/2[right],[left][right]framepack=sbs OUTPUT

   framerate
       Change the frame rate by interpolating new video output frames from the source frames.

       This filter is not designed to function correctly with interlaced media. If you wish to change the frame
       rate of interlaced media then you are required to deinterlace before this filter and re-interlace after
       this filter.

       A description of the accepted options follows.

       fps Specify the output frames per second. This option can also be specified as a value alone. The default
           is 50.

       interp_start
           Specify the start of a range where the output frame will be created as a linear interpolation of two
           frames. The range is [0-255], the default is 15.

       interp_end
           Specify the end of a range where the output frame will be created as a linear interpolation of two
           frames. The range is [0-255], the default is 240.

       scene
           Specify the level at which a scene change is detected as a value between 0 and 100 to indicate a new
           scene; a low value reflects a low probability for the current frame to introduce a new scene, while a
           higher value means the current frame is more likely to be one.  The default is 7.

       flags
           Specify flags influencing the filter process.

           Available value for flags is:

           scene_change_detect, scd
               Enable scene change detection using the value of the option scene.  This flag is enabled by
               default.

   framestep
       Select one frame every N-th frame.

       This filter accepts the following option:

       step
           Select frame after every "step" frames.  Allowed values are positive integers higher than 0. Default
           value is 1.

   frei0r
       Apply a frei0r effect to the input video.

       To enable the compilation of this filter, you need to install the frei0r header and configure FFmpeg with
       "--enable-frei0r".

       It accepts the following parameters:

       filter_name
           The name of the frei0r effect to load. If the environment variable FREI0R_PATH is defined, the frei0r
           effect is searched for in each of the directories specified by the colon-separated list in
           FREI0R_PATH.  Otherwise, the standard frei0r paths are searched, in this order: HOME/.frei0r-1/lib/,
           /usr/local/lib/frei0r-1/, /usr/lib/frei0r-1/.

       filter_params
           A '|'-separated list of parameters to pass to the frei0r effect.

       A frei0r effect parameter can be a boolean (its value is either "y" or "n"), a double, a color (specified
       as R/G/B, where R, G, and B are floating point numbers between 0.0 and 1.0, inclusive) or by a color
       description specified in the "Color" section in the ffmpeg-utils manual), a position (specified as X/Y,
       where X and Y are floating point numbers) and/or a string.

       The number and types of parameters depend on the loaded effect. If an effect parameter is not specified,
       the default value is set.

       Examples

       •   Apply the distort0r effect, setting the first two double parameters:

                   frei0r=filter_name=distort0r:filter_params=0.5|0.01

       •   Apply the colordistance effect, taking a color as the first parameter:

                   frei0r=colordistance:0.2/0.3/0.4
                   frei0r=colordistance:violet
                   frei0r=colordistance:0x112233

       •   Apply the perspective effect, specifying the top left and top right image positions:

                   frei0r=perspective:0.2/0.2|0.8/0.2

       For more information, see <http://frei0r.dyne.org>

   fspp
       Apply fast and simple postprocessing. It is a faster version of spp.

       It splits (I)DCT into horizontal/vertical passes. Unlike the simple post- processing filter, one of them
       is performed once per block, not per pixel.  This allows for much higher speed.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       quality
           Set quality. This option defines the number of levels for averaging. It accepts an integer in the
           range 4-5. Default value is 4.

       qp  Force a constant quantization parameter. It accepts an integer in range 0-63.  If not set, the filter
           will use the QP from the video stream (if available).

       strength
           Set filter strength. It accepts an integer in range -15 to 32. Lower values mean more details but
           also more artifacts, while higher values make the image smoother but also blurrier. Default value is
           0 X PSNR optimal.

       use_bframe_qp
           Enable the use of the QP from the B-Frames if set to 1. Using this option may cause flicker since the
           B-Frames have often larger QP. Default is 0 (not enabled).

   gblur
       Apply Gaussian blur filter.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       sigma
           Set horizontal sigma, standard deviation of Gaussian blur. Default is 0.5.

       steps
           Set number of steps for Gaussian approximation. Defauls is 1.

       planes
           Set which planes to filter. By default all planes are filtered.

       sigmaV
           Set vertical sigma, if negative it will be same as "sigma".  Default is "-1".

   geq
       The filter accepts the following options:

       lum_expr, lum
           Set the luminance expression.

       cb_expr, cb
           Set the chrominance blue expression.

       cr_expr, cr
           Set the chrominance red expression.

       alpha_expr, a
           Set the alpha expression.

       red_expr, r
           Set the red expression.

       green_expr, g
           Set the green expression.

       blue_expr, b
           Set the blue expression.

       The colorspace is selected according to the specified options. If one of the lum_expr, cb_expr, or
       cr_expr options is specified, the filter will automatically select a YCbCr colorspace. If one of the
       red_expr, green_expr, or blue_expr options is specified, it will select an RGB colorspace.

       If one of the chrominance expression is not defined, it falls back on the other one. If no alpha
       expression is specified it will evaluate to opaque value.  If none of chrominance expressions are
       specified, they will evaluate to the luminance expression.

       The expressions can use the following variables and functions:

       N   The sequential number of the filtered frame, starting from 0.

       X
       Y   The coordinates of the current sample.

       W
       H   The width and height of the image.

       SW
       SH  Width and height scale depending on the currently filtered plane. It is the ratio between the
           corresponding luma plane number of pixels and the current plane ones. E.g. for YUV4:2:0 the values
           are "1,1" for the luma plane, and "0.5,0.5" for chroma planes.

       T   Time of the current frame, expressed in seconds.

       p(x, y)
           Return the value of the pixel at location (x,y) of the current plane.

       lum(x, y)
           Return the value of the pixel at location (x,y) of the luminance plane.

       cb(x, y)
           Return the value of the pixel at location (x,y) of the blue-difference chroma plane. Return 0 if
           there is no such plane.

       cr(x, y)
           Return the value of the pixel at location (x,y) of the red-difference chroma plane. Return 0 if there
           is no such plane.

       r(x, y)
       g(x, y)
       b(x, y)
           Return the value of the pixel at location (x,y) of the red/green/blue component. Return 0 if there is
           no such component.

       alpha(x, y)
           Return the value of the pixel at location (x,y) of the alpha plane. Return 0 if there is no such
           plane.

       For functions, if x and y are outside the area, the value will be automatically clipped to the closer
       edge.

       Examples

       •   Flip the image horizontally:

                   geq=p(W-X\,Y)

       •   Generate a bidimensional sine wave, with angle "PI/3" and a wavelength of 100 pixels:

                   geq=128 + 100*sin(2*(PI/100)*(cos(PI/3)*(X-50*T) + sin(PI/3)*Y)):128:128

       •   Generate a fancy enigmatic moving light:

                   nullsrc=s=256x256,geq=random(1)/hypot(X-cos(N*0.07)*W/2-W/2\,Y-sin(N*0.09)*H/2-H/2)^2*1000000*sin(N*0.02):128:128

       •   Generate a quick emboss effect:

                   format=gray,geq=lum_expr='(p(X,Y)+(256-p(X-4,Y-4)))/2'

       •   Modify RGB components depending on pixel position:

                   geq=r='X/W*r(X,Y)':g='(1-X/W)*g(X,Y)':b='(H-Y)/H*b(X,Y)'

       •   Create a radial gradient that is the same size as the input (also see the vignette filter):

                   geq=lum=255*gauss((X/W-0.5)*3)*gauss((Y/H-0.5)*3)/gauss(0)/gauss(0),format=gray

   gradfun
       Fix the banding artifacts that are sometimes introduced into nearly flat regions by truncation to 8-bit
       color depth.  Interpolate the gradients that should go where the bands are, and dither them.

       It is designed for playback only.  Do not use it prior to lossy compression, because compression tends to
       lose the dither and bring back the bands.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       strength
           The maximum amount by which the filter will change any one pixel. This is also the threshold for
           detecting nearly flat regions. Acceptable values range from .51 to 64; the default value is 1.2. Out-
           of-range values will be clipped to the valid range.

       radius
           The neighborhood to fit the gradient to. A larger radius makes for smoother gradients, but also
           prevents the filter from modifying the pixels near detailed regions. Acceptable values are 8-32; the
           default value is 16. Out-of-range values will be clipped to the valid range.

       Alternatively, the options can be specified as a flat string: strength[:radius]

       Examples

       •   Apply the filter with a 3.5 strength and radius of 8:

                   gradfun=3.5:8

       •   Specify radius, omitting the strength (which will fall-back to the default value):

                   gradfun=radius=8

   haldclut
       Apply a Hald CLUT to a video stream.

       First input is the video stream to process, and second one is the Hald CLUT.  The Hald CLUT input can be
       a simple picture or a complete video stream.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       shortest
           Force termination when the shortest input terminates. Default is 0.

       repeatlast
           Continue applying the last CLUT after the end of the stream. A value of 0 disable the filter after
           the last frame of the CLUT is reached.  Default is 1.

       "haldclut" also has the same interpolation options as lut3d (both filters share the same internals).

       More information about the Hald CLUT can be found on Eskil Steenberg's website (Hald CLUT author) at
       <http://www.quelsolaar.com/technology/clut.html>.

       Workflow examples

       Hald CLUT video stream

       Generate an identity Hald CLUT stream altered with various effects:

               ffmpeg -f lavfi -i B<haldclutsrc>=8 -vf "hue=H=2*PI*t:s=sin(2*PI*t)+1, curves=cross_process" -t 10 -c:v ffv1 clut.nut

       Note: make sure you use a lossless codec.

       Then use it with "haldclut" to apply it on some random stream:

               ffmpeg -f lavfi -i mandelbrot -i clut.nut -filter_complex '[0][1] haldclut' -t 20 mandelclut.mkv

       The Hald CLUT will be applied to the 10 first seconds (duration of clut.nut), then the latest picture of
       that CLUT stream will be applied to the remaining frames of the "mandelbrot" stream.

       Hald CLUT with preview

       A Hald CLUT is supposed to be a squared image of "Level*Level*Level" by "Level*Level*Level" pixels. For a
       given Hald CLUT, FFmpeg will select the biggest possible square starting at the top left of the picture.
       The remaining padding pixels (bottom or right) will be ignored. This area can be used to add a preview of
       the Hald CLUT.

       Typically, the following generated Hald CLUT will be supported by the "haldclut" filter:

               ffmpeg -f lavfi -i B<haldclutsrc>=8 -vf "
                  pad=iw+320 [padded_clut];
                  smptebars=s=320x256, split [a][b];
                  [padded_clut][a] overlay=W-320:h, curves=color_negative [main];
                  [main][b] overlay=W-320" -frames:v 1 clut.png

       It contains the original and a preview of the effect of the CLUT: SMPTE color bars are displayed on the
       right-top, and below the same color bars processed by the color changes.

       Then, the effect of this Hald CLUT can be visualized with:

               ffplay input.mkv -vf "movie=clut.png, [in] haldclut"

   hflip
       Flip the input video horizontally.

       For example, to horizontally flip the input video with ffmpeg:

               ffmpeg -i in.avi -vf "hflip" out.avi

   histeq
       This filter applies a global color histogram equalization on a per-frame basis.

       It can be used to correct video that has a compressed range of pixel intensities.  The filter
       redistributes the pixel intensities to equalize their distribution across the intensity range. It may be
       viewed as an "automatically adjusting contrast filter". This filter is useful only for correcting
       degraded or poorly captured source video.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       strength
           Determine the amount of equalization to be applied.  As the strength is reduced, the distribution of
           pixel intensities more-and-more approaches that of the input frame. The value must be a float number
           in the range [0,1] and defaults to 0.200.

       intensity
           Set the maximum intensity that can generated and scale the output values appropriately.  The strength
           should be set as desired and then the intensity can be limited if needed to avoid washing-out. The
           value must be a float number in the range [0,1] and defaults to 0.210.

       antibanding
           Set the antibanding level. If enabled the filter will randomly vary the luminance of output pixels by
           a small amount to avoid banding of the histogram. Possible values are "none", "weak" or "strong". It
           defaults to "none".

   histogram
       Compute and draw a color distribution histogram for the input video.

       The computed histogram is a representation of the color component distribution in an image.

       Standard histogram displays the color components distribution in an image.  Displays color graph for each
       color component. Shows distribution of the Y, U, V, A or R, G, B components, depending on input format,
       in the current frame. Below each graph a color component scale meter is shown.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       level_height
           Set height of level. Default value is 200.  Allowed range is [50, 2048].

       scale_height
           Set height of color scale. Default value is 12.  Allowed range is [0, 40].

       display_mode
           Set display mode.  It accepts the following values:

           stack
               Per color component graphs are placed below each other.

           parade
               Per color component graphs are placed side by side.

           overlay
               Presents information identical to that in the "parade", except that the graphs representing color
               components are superimposed directly over one another.

           Default is "stack".

       levels_mode
           Set mode. Can be either "linear", or "logarithmic".  Default is "linear".

       components
           Set what color components to display.  Default is 7.

       fgopacity
           Set foreground opacity. Default is 0.7.

       bgopacity
           Set background opacity. Default is 0.5.

       Examples

       •   Calculate and draw histogram:

                   ffplay -i input -vf histogram

   hqdn3d
       This is a high precision/quality 3d denoise filter. It aims to reduce image noise, producing smooth
       images and making still images really still. It should enhance compressibility.

       It accepts the following optional parameters:

       luma_spatial
           A non-negative floating point number which specifies spatial luma strength.  It defaults to 4.0.

       chroma_spatial
           A non-negative floating point number which specifies spatial chroma strength.  It defaults to
           3.0*luma_spatial/4.0.

       luma_tmp
           A floating point number which specifies luma temporal strength. It defaults to 6.0*luma_spatial/4.0.

       chroma_tmp
           A floating point number which specifies chroma temporal strength. It defaults to
           luma_tmp*chroma_spatial/luma_spatial.

   hwdownload
       Download hardware frames to system memory.

       The input must be in hardware frames, and the output a non-hardware format.  Not all formats will be
       supported on the output - it may be necessary to insert an additional format filter immediately following
       in the graph to get the output in a supported format.

   hwmap
       Map hardware frames to system memory or to another device.

       This filter has several different modes of operation; which one is used depends on the input and output
       formats:

       •   Hardware frame input, normal frame output

           Map the input frames to system memory and pass them to the output.  If the original hardware frame is
           later required (for example, after overlaying something else on part of it), the hwmap filter can be
           used again in the next mode to retrieve it.

       •   Normal frame input, hardware frame output

           If the input is actually a software-mapped hardware frame, then unmap it - that is, return the
           original hardware frame.

           Otherwise, a device must be provided.  Create new hardware surfaces on that device for the output,
           then map them back to the software format at the input and give those frames to the preceding filter.
           This will then act like the hwupload filter, but may be able to avoid an additional copy when the
           input is already in a compatible format.

       •   Hardware frame input and output

           A device must be supplied for the output, either directly or with the derive_device option.  The
           input and output devices must be of different types and compatible - the exact meaning of this is
           system-dependent, but typically it means that they must refer to the same underlying hardware context
           (for example, refer to the same graphics card).

           If the input frames were originally created on the output device, then unmap to retrieve the original
           frames.

           Otherwise, map the frames to the output device - create new hardware frames on the output
           corresponding to the frames on the input.

       The following additional parameters are accepted:

       mode
           Set the frame mapping mode.  Some combination of:

           read
               The mapped frame should be readable.

           write
               The mapped frame should be writeable.

           overwrite
               The mapping will always overwrite the entire frame.

               This may improve performance in some cases, as the original contents of the frame need not be
               loaded.

           direct
               The mapping must not involve any copying.

               Indirect mappings to copies of frames are created in some cases where either direct mapping is
               not possible or it would have unexpected properties.  Setting this flag ensures that the mapping
               is direct and will fail if that is not possible.

           Defaults to read+write if not specified.

       derive_device type
           Rather than using the device supplied at initialisation, instead derive a new device of type type
           from the device the input frames exist on.

       reverse
           In a hardware to hardware mapping, map in reverse - create frames in the sink and map them back to
           the source.  This may be necessary in some cases where a mapping in one direction is required but
           only the opposite direction is supported by the devices being used.

           This option is dangerous - it may break the preceding filter in undefined ways if there are any
           additional constraints on that filter's output.  Do not use it without fully understanding the
           implications of its use.

   hwupload
       Upload system memory frames to hardware surfaces.

       The device to upload to must be supplied when the filter is initialised.  If using ffmpeg, select the
       appropriate device with the -filter_hw_device option.

   hwupload_cuda
       Upload system memory frames to a CUDA device.

       It accepts the following optional parameters:

       device
           The number of the CUDA device to use

   hqx
       Apply a high-quality magnification filter designed for pixel art. This filter was originally created by
       Maxim Stepin.

       It accepts the following option:

       n   Set the scaling dimension: 2 for "hq2x", 3 for "hq3x" and 4 for "hq4x".  Default is 3.

   hstack
       Stack input videos horizontally.

       All streams must be of same pixel format and of same height.

       Note that this filter is faster than using overlay and pad filter to create same output.

       The filter accept the following option:

       inputs
           Set number of input streams. Default is 2.

       shortest
           If set to 1, force the output to terminate when the shortest input terminates. Default value is 0.

   hue
       Modify the hue and/or the saturation of the input.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       h   Specify the hue angle as a number of degrees. It accepts an expression, and defaults to "0".

       s   Specify the saturation in the [-10,10] range. It accepts an expression and defaults to "1".

       H   Specify the hue angle as a number of radians. It accepts an expression, and defaults to "0".

       b   Specify the brightness in the [-10,10] range. It accepts an expression and defaults to "0".

       h and H are mutually exclusive, and can't be specified at the same time.

       The b, h, H and s option values are expressions containing the following constants:

       n   frame count of the input frame starting from 0

       pts presentation timestamp of the input frame expressed in time base units

       r   frame rate of the input video, NAN if the input frame rate is unknown

       t   timestamp expressed in seconds, NAN if the input timestamp is unknown

       tb  time base of the input video

       Examples

       •   Set the hue to 90 degrees and the saturation to 1.0:

                   hue=h=90:s=1

       •   Same command but expressing the hue in radians:

                   hue=H=PI/2:s=1

       •   Rotate hue and make the saturation swing between 0 and 2 over a period of 1 second:

                   hue="H=2*PI*t: s=sin(2*PI*t)+1"

       •   Apply a 3 seconds saturation fade-in effect starting at 0:

                   hue="s=min(t/3\,1)"

           The general fade-in expression can be written as:

                   hue="s=min(0\, max((t-START)/DURATION\, 1))"

       •   Apply a 3 seconds saturation fade-out effect starting at 5 seconds:

                   hue="s=max(0\, min(1\, (8-t)/3))"

           The general fade-out expression can be written as:

                   hue="s=max(0\, min(1\, (START+DURATION-t)/DURATION))"

       Commands

       This filter supports the following commands:

       b
       s
       h
       H   Modify the hue and/or the saturation and/or brightness of the input video.  The command accepts the
           same syntax of the corresponding option.

           If the specified expression is not valid, it is kept at its current value.

   hysteresis
       Grow first stream into second stream by connecting components.  This makes it possible to build more
       robust edge masks.

       This filter accepts the following options:

       planes
           Set which planes will be processed as bitmap, unprocessed planes will be copied from first stream.
           By default value 0xf, all planes will be processed.

       threshold
           Set threshold which is used in filtering. If pixel component value is higher than this value filter
           algorithm for connecting components is activated.  By default value is 0.

   idet
       Detect video interlacing type.

       This filter tries to detect if the input frames are interlaced, progressive, top or bottom field first.
       It will also try to detect fields that are repeated between adjacent frames (a sign of telecine).

       Single frame detection considers only immediately adjacent frames when classifying each frame.  Multiple
       frame detection incorporates the classification history of previous frames.

       The filter will log these metadata values:

       single.current_frame
           Detected type of current frame using single-frame detection. One of: ``tff'' (top field first),
           ``bff'' (bottom field first), ``progressive'', or ``undetermined''

       single.tff
           Cumulative number of frames detected as top field first using single-frame detection.

       multiple.tff
           Cumulative number of frames detected as top field first using multiple-frame detection.

       single.bff
           Cumulative number of frames detected as bottom field first using single-frame detection.

       multiple.current_frame
           Detected type of current frame using multiple-frame detection. One of: ``tff'' (top field first),
           ``bff'' (bottom field first), ``progressive'', or ``undetermined''

       multiple.bff
           Cumulative number of frames detected as bottom field first using multiple-frame detection.

       single.progressive
           Cumulative number of frames detected as progressive using single-frame detection.

       multiple.progressive
           Cumulative number of frames detected as progressive using multiple-frame detection.

       single.undetermined
           Cumulative number of frames that could not be classified using single-frame detection.

       multiple.undetermined
           Cumulative number of frames that could not be classified using multiple-frame detection.

       repeated.current_frame
           Which field in the current frame is repeated from the last. One of ``neither'', ``top'', or
           ``bottom''.

       repeated.neither
           Cumulative number of frames with no repeated field.

       repeated.top
           Cumulative number of frames with the top field repeated from the previous frame's top field.

       repeated.bottom
           Cumulative number of frames with the bottom field repeated from the previous frame's bottom field.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       intl_thres
           Set interlacing threshold.

       prog_thres
           Set progressive threshold.

       rep_thres
           Threshold for repeated field detection.

       half_life
           Number of frames after which a given frame's contribution to the statistics is halved (i.e., it
           contributes only 0.5 to its classification). The default of 0 means that all frames seen are given
           full weight of 1.0 forever.

       analyze_interlaced_flag
           When this is not 0 then idet will use the specified number of frames to determine if the interlaced
           flag is accurate, it will not count undetermined frames.  If the flag is found to be accurate it will
           be used without any further computations, if it is found to be inaccurate it will be cleared without
           any further computations. This allows inserting the idet filter as a low computational method to
           clean up the interlaced flag

   il
       Deinterleave or interleave fields.

       This filter allows one to process interlaced images fields without deinterlacing them. Deinterleaving
       splits the input frame into 2 fields (so called half pictures). Odd lines are moved to the top half of
       the output image, even lines to the bottom half.  You can process (filter) them independently and then
       re-interleave them.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       luma_mode, l
       chroma_mode, c
       alpha_mode, a
           Available values for luma_mode, chroma_mode and alpha_mode are:

           none
               Do nothing.

           deinterleave, d
               Deinterleave fields, placing one above the other.

           interleave, i
               Interleave fields. Reverse the effect of deinterleaving.

           Default value is "none".

       luma_swap, ls
       chroma_swap, cs
       alpha_swap, as
           Swap luma/chroma/alpha fields. Exchange even & odd lines. Default value is 0.

   inflate
       Apply inflate effect to the video.

       This filter replaces the pixel by the local(3x3) average by taking into account only values higher than
       the pixel.

       It accepts the following options:

       threshold0
       threshold1
       threshold2
       threshold3
           Limit the maximum change for each plane, default is 65535.  If 0, plane will remain unchanged.

   interlace
       Simple interlacing filter from progressive contents. This interleaves upper (or lower) lines from odd
       frames with lower (or upper) lines from even frames, halving the frame rate and preserving image height.

                  Original        Original             New Frame
                  Frame 'j'      Frame 'j+1'             (tff)
                 ==========      ===========       ==================
                   Line 0  -------------------->    Frame 'j' Line 0
                   Line 1          Line 1  ---->   Frame 'j+1' Line 1
                   Line 2 --------------------->    Frame 'j' Line 2
                   Line 3          Line 3  ---->   Frame 'j+1' Line 3
                    ...             ...                   ...
               New Frame + 1 will be generated by Frame 'j+2' and Frame 'j+3' and so on

       It accepts the following optional parameters:

       scan
           This determines whether the interlaced frame is taken from the even (tff - default) or odd (bff)
           lines of the progressive frame.

       lowpass
           Vertical lowpass filter to avoid twitter interlacing and reduce moire patterns.

           0, off
               Disable vertical lowpass filter

           1, linear
               Enable linear filter (default)

           2, complex
               Enable complex filter. This will slightly less reduce twitter and moire but better retain detail
               and subjective sharpness impression.

   kerndeint
       Deinterlace input video by applying Donald Graft's adaptive kernel deinterling. Work on interlaced parts
       of a video to produce progressive frames.

       The description of the accepted parameters follows.

       thresh
           Set the threshold which affects the filter's tolerance when determining if a pixel line must be
           processed. It must be an integer in the range [0,255] and defaults to 10. A value of 0 will result in
           applying the process on every pixels.

       map Paint pixels exceeding the threshold value to white if set to 1.  Default is 0.

       order
           Set the fields order. Swap fields if set to 1, leave fields alone if 0. Default is 0.

       sharp
           Enable additional sharpening if set to 1. Default is 0.

       twoway
           Enable twoway sharpening if set to 1. Default is 0.

       Examples

       •   Apply default values:

                   kerndeint=thresh=10:map=0:order=0:sharp=0:twoway=0

       •   Enable additional sharpening:

                   kerndeint=sharp=1

       •   Paint processed pixels in white:

                   kerndeint=map=1

   lenscorrection
       Correct radial lens distortion

       This filter can be used to correct for radial distortion as can result from the use of wide angle lenses,
       and thereby re-rectify the image. To find the right parameters one can use tools available for example as
       part of opencv or simply trial-and-error.  To use opencv use the calibration sample (under samples/cpp)
       from the opencv sources and extract the k1 and k2 coefficients from the resulting matrix.

       Note that effectively the same filter is available in the open-source tools Krita and Digikam from the
       KDE project.

       In contrast to the vignette filter, which can also be used to compensate lens errors, this filter
       corrects the distortion of the image, whereas vignette corrects the brightness distribution, so you may
       want to use both filters together in certain cases, though you will have to take care of ordering, i.e.
       whether vignetting should be applied before or after lens correction.

       Options

       The filter accepts the following options:

       cx  Relative x-coordinate of the focal point of the image, and thereby the center of the distortion. This
           value has a range [0,1] and is expressed as fractions of the image width.

       cy  Relative y-coordinate of the focal point of the image, and thereby the center of the distortion. This
           value has a range [0,1] and is expressed as fractions of the image height.

       k1  Coefficient of the quadratic correction term. 0.5 means no correction.

       k2  Coefficient of the double quadratic correction term. 0.5 means no correction.

       The formula that generates the correction is:

       r_src = r_tgt * (1 + k1 * (r_tgt / r_0)^2 + k2 * (r_tgt / r_0)^4)

       where r_0 is halve of the image diagonal and r_src and r_tgt are the distances from the focal point in
       the source and target images, respectively.

   libvmaf
       Obtain the average VMAF (Video Multi-Method Assessment Fusion) score between two input videos.

       This filter takes two input videos.

       Both video inputs must have the same resolution and pixel format for this filter to work correctly. Also
       it assumes that both inputs have the same number of frames, which are compared one by one.

       The obtained average VMAF score is printed through the logging system.

       It requires Netflix's vmaf library (libvmaf) as a pre-requisite.  After installing the library it can be
       enabled using: "./configure --enable-libvmaf".  If no model path is specified it uses the default model:
       "vmaf_v0.6.1.pkl".

       On the below examples the input file main.mpg being processed is compared with the reference file
       ref.mpg.

       The filter has following options:

       model_path
           Set the model path which is to be used for SVM.  Default value: "vmaf_v0.6.1.pkl"

       log_path
           Set the file path to be used to store logs.

       log_fmt
           Set the format of the log file (xml or json).

       enable_transform
           Enables transform for computing vmaf.

       phone_model
           Invokes the phone model which will generate VMAF scores higher than in the regular model, which is
           more suitable for laptop, TV, etc. viewing conditions.

       psnr
           Enables computing psnr along with vmaf.

       ssim
           Enables computing ssim along with vmaf.

       ms_ssim
           Enables computing ms_ssim along with vmaf.

       pool
           Set the pool method to be used for computing vmaf.

       This filter also supports the framesync options.

       For example:

               ffmpeg -i main.mpg -i ref.mpg -lavfi libvmaf -f null -

       Example with options:

               ffmpeg -i main.mpg -i ref.mpg -lavfi libvmaf="psnr=1:enable-transform=1" -f null -

   limiter
       Limits the pixel components values to the specified range [min, max].

       The filter accepts the following options:

       min Lower bound. Defaults to the lowest allowed value for the input.

       max Upper bound. Defaults to the highest allowed value for the input.

       planes
           Specify which planes will be processed. Defaults to all available.

   loop
       Loop video frames.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       loop
           Set the number of loops.

       size
           Set maximal size in number of frames.

       start
           Set first frame of loop.

   lut3d
       Apply a 3D LUT to an input video.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       file
           Set the 3D LUT file name.

           Currently supported formats:

           3dl AfterEffects

           cube
               Iridas

           dat DaVinci

           m3d Pandora

       interp
           Select interpolation mode.

           Available values are:

           nearest
               Use values from the nearest defined point.

           trilinear
               Interpolate values using the 8 points defining a cube.

           tetrahedral
               Interpolate values using a tetrahedron.

       This filter also supports the framesync options.

   lumakey
       Turn certain luma values into transparency.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       threshold
           Set the luma which will be used as base for transparency.  Default value is 0.

       tolerance
           Set the range of luma values to be keyed out.  Default value is 0.

       softness
           Set the range of softness. Default value is 0.  Use this to control gradual transition from zero to
           full transparency.

   lut, lutrgb, lutyuv
       Compute a look-up table for binding each pixel component input value to an output value, and apply it to
       the input video.

       lutyuv applies a lookup table to a YUV input video, lutrgb to an RGB input video.

       These filters accept the following parameters:

       c0  set first pixel component expression

       c1  set second pixel component expression

       c2  set third pixel component expression

       c3  set fourth pixel component expression, corresponds to the alpha component

       r   set red component expression

       g   set green component expression

       b   set blue component expression

       a   alpha component expression

       y   set Y/luminance component expression

       u   set U/Cb component expression

       v   set V/Cr component expression

       Each of them specifies the expression to use for computing the lookup table for the corresponding pixel
       component values.

       The exact component associated to each of the c* options depends on the format in input.

       The lut filter requires either YUV or RGB pixel formats in input, lutrgb requires RGB pixel formats in
       input, and lutyuv requires YUV.

       The expressions can contain the following constants and functions:

       w
       h   The input width and height.

       val The input value for the pixel component.

       clipval
           The input value, clipped to the minval-maxval range.

       maxval
           The maximum value for the pixel component.

       minval
           The minimum value for the pixel component.

       negval
           The negated value for the pixel component value, clipped to the minval-maxval range; it corresponds
           to the expression "maxval-clipval+minval".

       clip(val)
           The computed value in val, clipped to the minval-maxval range.

       gammaval(gamma)
           The computed gamma correction value of the pixel component value, clipped to the minval-maxval range.
           It corresponds to the expression
           "pow((clipval-minval)/(maxval-minval)\,gamma)*(maxval-minval)+minval"

       All expressions default to "val".

       Examples

       •   Negate input video:

                   lutrgb="r=maxval+minval-val:g=maxval+minval-val:b=maxval+minval-val"
                   lutyuv="y=maxval+minval-val:u=maxval+minval-val:v=maxval+minval-val"

           The above is the same as:

                   lutrgb="r=negval:g=negval:b=negval"
                   lutyuv="y=negval:u=negval:v=negval"

       •   Negate luminance:

                   lutyuv=y=negval

       •   Remove chroma components, turning the video into a graytone image:

                   lutyuv="u=128:v=128"

       •   Apply a luma burning effect:

                   lutyuv="y=2*val"

       •   Remove green and blue components:

                   lutrgb="g=0:b=0"

       •   Set a constant alpha channel value on input:

                   format=rgba,lutrgb=a="maxval-minval/2"

       •   Correct luminance gamma by a factor of 0.5:

                   lutyuv=y=gammaval(0.5)

       •   Discard least significant bits of luma:

                   lutyuv=y='bitand(val, 128+64+32)'

       •   Technicolor like effect:

                   lutyuv=u='(val-maxval/2)*2+maxval/2':v='(val-maxval/2)*2+maxval/2'

   lut2, tlut2
       The "lut2" filter takes two input streams and outputs one stream.

       The "tlut2" (time lut2) filter takes two consecutive frames from one single stream.

       This filter accepts the following parameters:

       c0  set first pixel component expression

       c1  set second pixel component expression

       c2  set third pixel component expression

       c3  set fourth pixel component expression, corresponds to the alpha component

       Each of them specifies the expression to use for computing the lookup table for the corresponding pixel
       component values.

       The exact component associated to each of the c* options depends on the format in inputs.

       The expressions can contain the following constants:

       w
       h   The input width and height.

       x   The first input value for the pixel component.

       y   The second input value for the pixel component.

       bdx The first input video bit depth.

       bdy The second input video bit depth.

       All expressions default to "x".

       Examples

       •   Highlight differences between two RGB video streams:

                   lut2='ifnot(x-y,0,pow(2,bdx)-1):ifnot(x-y,0,pow(2,bdx)-1):ifnot(x-y,0,pow(2,bdx)-1)'

       •   Highlight differences between two YUV video streams:

                   lut2='ifnot(x-y,0,pow(2,bdx)-1):ifnot(x-y,pow(2,bdx-1),pow(2,bdx)-1):ifnot(x-y,pow(2,bdx-1),pow(2,bdx)-1)'

       •   Show max difference between two video streams:

                   lut2='if(lt(x,y),0,if(gt(x,y),pow(2,bdx)-1,pow(2,bdx-1))):if(lt(x,y),0,if(gt(x,y),pow(2,bdx)-1,pow(2,bdx-1))):if(lt(x,y),0,if(gt(x,y),pow(2,bdx)-1,pow(2,bdx-1)))'

   maskedclamp
       Clamp the first input stream with the second input and third input stream.

       Returns the value of first stream to be between second input stream - "undershoot" and third input stream
       + "overshoot".

       This filter accepts the following options:

       undershoot
           Default value is 0.

       overshoot
           Default value is 0.

       planes
           Set which planes will be processed as bitmap, unprocessed planes will be copied from first stream.
           By default value 0xf, all planes will be processed.

   maskedmerge
       Merge the first input stream with the second input stream using per pixel weights in the third input
       stream.

       A value of 0 in the third stream pixel component means that pixel component from first stream is returned
       unchanged, while maximum value (eg. 255 for 8-bit videos) means that pixel component from second stream
       is returned unchanged. Intermediate values define the amount of merging between both input stream's pixel
       components.

       This filter accepts the following options:

       planes
           Set which planes will be processed as bitmap, unprocessed planes will be copied from first stream.
           By default value 0xf, all planes will be processed.

   mcdeint
       Apply motion-compensation deinterlacing.

       It needs one field per frame as input and must thus be used together with yadif=1/3 or equivalent.

       This filter accepts the following options:

       mode
           Set the deinterlacing mode.

           It accepts one of the following values:

           fast
           medium
           slow
               use iterative motion estimation

           extra_slow
               like slow, but use multiple reference frames.

           Default value is fast.

       parity
           Set the picture field parity assumed for the input video. It must be one of the following values:

           0, tff
               assume top field first

           1, bff
               assume bottom field first

           Default value is bff.

       qp  Set per-block quantization parameter (QP) used by the internal encoder.

           Higher values should result in a smoother motion vector field but less optimal individual vectors.
           Default value is 1.

   mergeplanes
       Merge color channel components from several video streams.

       The filter accepts up to 4 input streams, and merge selected input planes to the output video.

       This filter accepts the following options:

       mapping
           Set input to output plane mapping. Default is 0.

           The mappings is specified as a bitmap. It should be specified as a hexadecimal number in the form
           0xAa[Bb[Cc[Dd]]]. 'Aa' describes the mapping for the first plane of the output stream. 'A' sets the
           number of the input stream to use (from 0 to 3), and 'a' the plane number of the corresponding input
           to use (from 0 to 3). The rest of the mappings is similar, 'Bb' describes the mapping for the output
           stream second plane, 'Cc' describes the mapping for the output stream third plane and 'Dd' describes
           the mapping for the output stream fourth plane.

       format
           Set output pixel format. Default is "yuva444p".

       Examples

       •   Merge three gray video streams of same width and height into single video stream:

                   [a0][a1][a2]mergeplanes=0x001020:yuv444p

       •   Merge 1st yuv444p stream and 2nd gray video stream into yuva444p video stream:

                   [a0][a1]mergeplanes=0x00010210:yuva444p

       •   Swap Y and A plane in yuva444p stream:

                   format=yuva444p,mergeplanes=0x03010200:yuva444p

       •   Swap U and V plane in yuv420p stream:

                   format=yuv420p,mergeplanes=0x000201:yuv420p

       •   Cast a rgb24 clip to yuv444p:

                   format=rgb24,mergeplanes=0x000102:yuv444p

   mestimate
       Estimate and export motion vectors using block matching algorithms.  Motion vectors are stored in frame
       side data to be used by other filters.

       This filter accepts the following options:

       method
           Specify the motion estimation method. Accepts one of the following values:

           esa Exhaustive search algorithm.

           tss Three step search algorithm.

           tdls
               Two dimensional logarithmic search algorithm.

           ntss
               New three step search algorithm.

           fss Four step search algorithm.

           ds  Diamond search algorithm.

           hexbs
               Hexagon-based search algorithm.

           epzs
               Enhanced predictive zonal search algorithm.

           umh Uneven multi-hexagon search algorithm.

           Default value is esa.

       mb_size
           Macroblock size. Default 16.

       search_param
           Search parameter. Default 7.

   midequalizer
       Apply Midway Image Equalization effect using two video streams.

       Midway Image Equalization adjusts a pair of images to have the same histogram, while maintaining their
       dynamics as much as possible. It's useful for e.g. matching exposures from a pair of stereo cameras.

       This filter has two inputs and one output, which must be of same pixel format, but may be of different
       sizes. The output of filter is first input adjusted with midway histogram of both inputs.

       This filter accepts the following option:

       planes
           Set which planes to process. Default is 15, which is all available planes.

   minterpolate
       Convert the video to specified frame rate using motion interpolation.

       This filter accepts the following options:

       fps Specify the output frame rate. This can be rational e.g. "60000/1001". Frames are dropped if fps is
           lower than source fps. Default 60.

       mi_mode
           Motion interpolation mode. Following values are accepted:

           dup Duplicate previous or next frame for interpolating new ones.

           blend
               Blend source frames. Interpolated frame is mean of previous and next frames.

           mci Motion compensated interpolation. Following options are effective when this mode is selected:

               mc_mode
                   Motion compensation mode. Following values are accepted:

                   obmc
                       Overlapped block motion compensation.

                   aobmc
                       Adaptive overlapped block motion compensation. Window weighting coefficients are
                       controlled adaptively according to the reliabilities of the neighboring motion vectors to
                       reduce oversmoothing.

                   Default mode is obmc.

               me_mode
                   Motion estimation mode. Following values are accepted:

                   bidir
                       Bidirectional motion estimation. Motion vectors are estimated for each source frame in
                       both forward and backward directions.

                   bilat
                       Bilateral motion estimation. Motion vectors are estimated directly for interpolated
                       frame.

                   Default mode is bilat.

               me  The algorithm to be used for motion estimation. Following values are accepted:

                   esa Exhaustive search algorithm.

                   tss Three step search algorithm.

                   tdls
                       Two dimensional logarithmic search algorithm.

                   ntss
                       New three step search algorithm.

                   fss Four step search algorithm.

                   ds  Diamond search algorithm.

                   hexbs
                       Hexagon-based search algorithm.

                   epzs
                       Enhanced predictive zonal search algorithm.

                   umh Uneven multi-hexagon search algorithm.

                   Default algorithm is epzs.

               mb_size
                   Macroblock size. Default 16.

               search_param
                   Motion estimation search parameter. Default 32.

               vsbmc
                   Enable variable-size block motion compensation. Motion estimation is applied with smaller
                   block sizes at object boundaries in order to make the them less blur. Default is 0
                   (disabled).

       scd Scene change detection method. Scene change leads motion vectors to be in random direction. Scene
           change detection replace interpolated frames by duplicate ones. May not be needed for other modes.
           Following values are accepted:

           none
               Disable scene change detection.

           fdiff
               Frame difference. Corresponding pixel values are compared and if it satisfies scd_threshold scene
               change is detected.

           Default method is fdiff.

       scd_threshold
           Scene change detection threshold. Default is 5.0.

   mpdecimate
       Drop frames that do not differ greatly from the previous frame in order to reduce frame rate.

       The main use of this filter is for very-low-bitrate encoding (e.g. streaming over dialup modem), but it
       could in theory be used for fixing movies that were inverse-telecined incorrectly.

       A description of the accepted options follows.

       max Set the maximum number of consecutive frames which can be dropped (if positive), or the minimum
           interval between dropped frames (if negative). If the value is 0, the frame is dropped disregarding
           the number of previous sequentially dropped frames.

           Default value is 0.

       hi
       lo
       frac
           Set the dropping threshold values.

           Values for hi and lo are for 8x8 pixel blocks and represent actual pixel value differences, so a
           threshold of 64 corresponds to 1 unit of difference for each pixel, or the same spread out
           differently over the block.

           A frame is a candidate for dropping if no 8x8 blocks differ by more than a threshold of hi, and if no
           more than frac blocks (1 meaning the whole image) differ by more than a threshold of lo.

           Default value for hi is 64*12, default value for lo is 64*5, and default value for frac is 0.33.

   negate
       Negate input video.

       It accepts an integer in input; if non-zero it negates the alpha component (if available). The default
       value in input is 0.

   nlmeans
       Denoise frames using Non-Local Means algorithm.

       Each pixel is adjusted by looking for other pixels with similar contexts. This context similarity is
       defined by comparing their surrounding patches of size pxp. Patches are searched in an area of rxr around
       the pixel.

       Note that the research area defines centers for patches, which means some patches will be made of pixels
       outside that research area.

       The filter accepts the following options.

       s   Set denoising strength.

       p   Set patch size.

       pc  Same as p but for chroma planes.

           The default value is 0 and means automatic.

       r   Set research size.

       rc  Same as r but for chroma planes.

           The default value is 0 and means automatic.

   nnedi
       Deinterlace video using neural network edge directed interpolation.

       This filter accepts the following options:

       weights
           Mandatory option, without binary file filter can not work.  Currently file can be found here:
           https://github.com/dubhater/vapoursynth-nnedi3/blob/master/src/nnedi3_weights.bin

       deint
           Set which frames to deinterlace, by default it is "all".  Can be "all" or "interlaced".

       field
           Set mode of operation.

           Can be one of the following:

           af  Use frame flags, both fields.

           a   Use frame flags, single field.

           t   Use top field only.

           b   Use bottom field only.

           tf  Use both fields, top first.

           bf  Use both fields, bottom first.

       planes
           Set which planes to process, by default filter process all frames.

       nsize
           Set size of local neighborhood around each pixel, used by the predictor neural network.

           Can be one of the following:

           s8x6
           s16x6
           s32x6
           s48x6
           s8x4
           s16x4
           s32x4
       nns Set the number of neurons in predictor neural network.  Can be one of the following:

           n16
           n32
           n64
           n128
           n256
       qual
           Controls the number of different neural network predictions that are blended together to compute the
           final output value. Can be "fast", default or "slow".

       etype
           Set which set of weights to use in the predictor.  Can be one of the following:

           a   weights trained to minimize absolute error

           s   weights trained to minimize squared error

       pscrn
           Controls whether or not the prescreener neural network is used to decide which pixels should be
           processed by the predictor neural network and which can be handled by simple cubic interpolation.
           The prescreener is trained to know whether cubic interpolation will be sufficient for a pixel or
           whether it should be predicted by the predictor nn.  The computational complexity of the prescreener
           nn is much less than that of the predictor nn. Since most pixels can be handled by cubic
           interpolation, using the prescreener generally results in much faster processing.  The prescreener is
           pretty accurate, so the difference between using it and not using it is almost always unnoticeable.

           Can be one of the following:

           none
           original
           new

           Default is "new".

       fapprox
           Set various debugging flags.

   noformat
       Force libavfilter not to use any of the specified pixel formats for the input to the next filter.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       pix_fmts
           A '|'-separated list of pixel format names, such as pix_fmts=yuv420p|monow|rgb24".

       Examples

       •   Force libavfilter to use a format different from yuv420p for the input to the vflip filter:

                   noformat=pix_fmts=yuv420p,vflip

       •   Convert the input video to any of the formats not contained in the list:

                   noformat=yuv420p|yuv444p|yuv410p

   noise
       Add noise on video input frame.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       all_seed
       c0_seed
       c1_seed
       c2_seed
       c3_seed
           Set noise seed for specific pixel component or all pixel components in case of all_seed. Default
           value is 123457.

       all_strength, alls
       c0_strength, c0s
       c1_strength, c1s
       c2_strength, c2s
       c3_strength, c3s
           Set noise strength for specific pixel component or all pixel components in case all_strength. Default
           value is 0. Allowed range is [0, 100].

       all_flags, allf
       c0_flags, c0f
       c1_flags, c1f
       c2_flags, c2f
       c3_flags, c3f
           Set pixel component flags or set flags for all components if all_flags.  Available values for
           component flags are:

           a   averaged temporal noise (smoother)

           p   mix random noise with a (semi)regular pattern

           t   temporal noise (noise pattern changes between frames)

           u   uniform noise (gaussian otherwise)

       Examples

       Add temporal and uniform noise to input video:

               noise=alls=20:allf=t+u

   null
       Pass the video source unchanged to the output.

   ocr
       Optical Character Recognition

       This filter uses Tesseract for optical character recognition.

       It accepts the following options:

       datapath
           Set datapath to tesseract data. Default is to use whatever was set at installation.

       language
           Set language, default is "eng".

       whitelist
           Set character whitelist.

       blacklist
           Set character blacklist.

       The filter exports recognized text as the frame metadata "lavfi.ocr.text".

   ocv
       Apply a video transform using libopencv.

       To enable this filter, install the libopencv library and headers and configure FFmpeg with
       "--enable-libopencv".

       It accepts the following parameters:

       filter_name
           The name of the libopencv filter to apply.

       filter_params
           The parameters to pass to the libopencv filter. If not specified, the default values are assumed.

       Refer to the official libopencv documentation for more precise information:
       <http://docs.opencv.org/master/modules/imgproc/doc/filtering.html>

       Several libopencv filters are supported; see the following subsections.

       dilate

       Dilate an image by using a specific structuring element.  It corresponds to the libopencv function
       "cvDilate".

       It accepts the parameters: struct_el|nb_iterations.

       struct_el represents a structuring element, and has the syntax: colsxrows+anchor_xxanchor_y/shape

       cols and rows represent the number of columns and rows of the structuring element, anchor_x and anchor_y
       the anchor point, and shape the shape for the structuring element. shape must be "rect", "cross",
       "ellipse", or "custom".

       If the value for shape is "custom", it must be followed by a string of the form "=filename". The file
       with name filename is assumed to represent a binary image, with each printable character corresponding to
       a bright pixel. When a custom shape is used, cols and rows are ignored, the number or columns and rows of
       the read file are assumed instead.

       The default value for struct_el is "3x3+0x0/rect".

       nb_iterations specifies the number of times the transform is applied to the image, and defaults to 1.

       Some examples:

               # Use the default values
               ocv=dilate

               # Dilate using a structuring element with a 5x5 cross, iterating two times
               ocv=filter_name=dilate:filter_params=5x5+2x2/cross|2

               # Read the shape from the file diamond.shape, iterating two times.
               # The file diamond.shape may contain a pattern of characters like this
               #   *
               #  ***
               # *****
               #  ***
               #   *
               # The specified columns and rows are ignored
               # but the anchor point coordinates are not
               ocv=dilate:0x0+2x2/custom=diamond.shape|2

       erode

       Erode an image by using a specific structuring element.  It corresponds to the libopencv function
       "cvErode".

       It accepts the parameters: struct_el:nb_iterations, with the same syntax and semantics as the dilate
       filter.

       smooth

       Smooth the input video.

       The filter takes the following parameters: type|param1|param2|param3|param4.

       type is the type of smooth filter to apply, and must be one of the following values: "blur",
       "blur_no_scale", "median", "gaussian", or "bilateral". The default value is "gaussian".

       The meaning of param1, param2, param3, and param4 depend on the smooth type. param1 and param2 accept
       integer positive values or 0. param3 and param4 accept floating point values.

       The default value for param1 is 3. The default value for the other parameters is 0.

       These parameters correspond to the parameters assigned to the libopencv function "cvSmooth".

   oscilloscope
       2D Video Oscilloscope.

       Useful to measure spatial impulse, step responses, chroma delays, etc.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       x   Set scope center x position.

       y   Set scope center y position.

       s   Set scope size, relative to frame diagonal.

       t   Set scope tilt/rotation.

       o   Set trace opacity.

       tx  Set trace center x position.

       ty  Set trace center y position.

       tw  Set trace width, relative to width of frame.

       th  Set trace height, relative to height of frame.

       c   Set which components to trace. By default it traces first three components.

       g   Draw trace grid. By default is enabled.

       st  Draw some statistics. By default is enabled.

       sc  Draw scope. By default is enabled.

       Examples

       •   Inspect full first row of video frame.

                   oscilloscope=x=0.5:y=0:s=1

       •   Inspect full last row of video frame.

                   oscilloscope=x=0.5:y=1:s=1

       •   Inspect full 5th line of video frame of height 1080.

                   oscilloscope=x=0.5:y=5/1080:s=1

       •   Inspect full last column of video frame.

                   oscilloscope=x=1:y=0.5:s=1:t=1

   overlay
       Overlay one video on top of another.

       It takes two inputs and has one output. The first input is the "main" video on which the second input is
       overlaid.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       A description of the accepted options follows.

       x
       y   Set the expression for the x and y coordinates of the overlaid video on the main video. Default value
           is "0" for both expressions. In case the expression is invalid, it is set to a huge value (meaning
           that the overlay will not be displayed within the output visible area).

       eof_action
           See framesync.

       eval
           Set when the expressions for x, and y are evaluated.

           It accepts the following values:

           init
               only evaluate expressions once during the filter initialization or when a command is processed

           frame
               evaluate expressions for each incoming frame

           Default value is frame.

       shortest
           See framesync.

       format
           Set the format for the output video.

           It accepts the following values:

           yuv420
               force YUV420 output

           yuv422
               force YUV422 output

           yuv444
               force YUV444 output

           rgb force packed RGB output

           gbrp
               force planar RGB output

           auto
               automatically pick format

           Default value is yuv420.

       repeatlast
           See framesync.

       The x, and y expressions can contain the following parameters.

       main_w, W
       main_h, H
           The main input width and height.

       overlay_w, w
       overlay_h, h
           The overlay input width and height.

       x
       y   The computed values for x and y. They are evaluated for each new frame.

       hsub
       vsub
           horizontal and vertical chroma subsample values of the output format. For example for the pixel
           format "yuv422p" hsub is 2 and vsub is 1.

       n   the number of input frame, starting from 0

       pos the position in the file of the input frame, NAN if unknown

       t   The timestamp, expressed in seconds. It's NAN if the input timestamp is unknown.

       This filter also supports the framesync options.

       Note that the n, pos, t variables are available only when evaluation is done per frame, and will evaluate
       to NAN when eval is set to init.

       Be aware that frames are taken from each input video in timestamp order, hence, if their initial
       timestamps differ, it is a good idea to pass the two inputs through a setpts=PTS-STARTPTS filter to have
       them begin in the same zero timestamp, as the example for the movie filter does.

       You can chain together more overlays but you should test the efficiency of such approach.

       Commands

       This filter supports the following commands:

       x
       y   Modify the x and y of the overlay input.  The command accepts the same syntax of the corresponding
           option.

           If the specified expression is not valid, it is kept at its current value.

       Examples

       •   Draw the overlay at 10 pixels from the bottom right corner of the main video:

                   overlay=main_w-overlay_w-10:main_h-overlay_h-10

           Using named options the example above becomes:

                   overlay=x=main_w-overlay_w-10:y=main_h-overlay_h-10

       •   Insert a transparent PNG logo in the bottom left corner of the input, using the ffmpeg tool with the
           "-filter_complex" option:

                   ffmpeg -i input -i logo -filter_complex 'overlay=10:main_h-overlay_h-10' output

       •   Insert 2 different transparent PNG logos (second logo on bottom right corner) using the ffmpeg tool:

                   ffmpeg -i input -i logo1 -i logo2 -filter_complex 'overlay=x=10:y=H-h-10,overlay=x=W-w-10:y=H-h-10' output

       •   Add a transparent color layer on top of the main video; "WxH" must specify the size of the main input
           to the overlay filter:

                   color=color=red@.3:size=WxH [over]; [in][over] overlay [out]

       •   Play an original video and a filtered version (here with the deshake filter) side by side using the
           ffplay tool:

                   ffplay input.avi -vf 'split[a][b]; [a]pad=iw*2:ih[src]; [b]deshake[filt]; [src][filt]overlay=w'

           The above command is the same as:

                   ffplay input.avi -vf 'split[b], pad=iw*2[src], [b]deshake, [src]overlay=w'

       •   Make a sliding overlay appearing from the left to the right top part of the screen starting since
           time 2:

                   overlay=x='if(gte(t,2), -w+(t-2)*20, NAN)':y=0

       •   Compose output by putting two input videos side to side:

                   ffmpeg -i left.avi -i right.avi -filter_complex "
                   nullsrc=size=200x100 [background];
                   [0:v] setpts=PTS-STARTPTS, scale=100x100 [left];
                   [1:v] setpts=PTS-STARTPTS, scale=100x100 [right];
                   [background][left]       overlay=shortest=1       [background+left];
                   [background+left][right] overlay=shortest=1:x=100 [left+right]
                   "

       •   Mask 10-20 seconds of a video by applying the delogo filter to a section

                   ffmpeg -i test.avi -codec:v:0 wmv2 -ar 11025 -b:v 9000k
                   -vf '[in]split[split_main][split_delogo];[split_delogo]trim=start=360:end=371,delogo=0:0:640:480[delogoed];[split_main][delogoed]overlay=eof_action=pass[out]'
                   masked.avi

       •   Chain several overlays in cascade:

                   nullsrc=s=200x200 [bg];
                   testsrc=s=100x100, split=4 [in0][in1][in2][in3];
                   [in0] lutrgb=r=0, [bg]   overlay=0:0     [mid0];
                   [in1] lutrgb=g=0, [mid0] overlay=100:0   [mid1];
                   [in2] lutrgb=b=0, [mid1] overlay=0:100   [mid2];
                   [in3] null,       [mid2] overlay=100:100 [out0]

   owdenoise
       Apply Overcomplete Wavelet denoiser.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       depth
           Set depth.

           Larger depth values will denoise lower frequency components more, but slow down filtering.

           Must be an int in the range 8-16, default is 8.

       luma_strength, ls
           Set luma strength.

           Must be a double value in the range 0-1000, default is 1.0.

       chroma_strength, cs
           Set chroma strength.

           Must be a double value in the range 0-1000, default is 1.0.

   pad
       Add paddings to the input image, and place the original input at the provided x, y coordinates.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       width, w
       height, h
           Specify an expression for the size of the output image with the paddings added. If the value for
           width or height is 0, the corresponding input size is used for the output.

           The width expression can reference the value set by the height expression, and vice versa.

           The default value of width and height is 0.

       x
       y   Specify the offsets to place the input image at within the padded area, with respect to the top/left
           border of the output image.

           The x expression can reference the value set by the y expression, and vice versa.

           The default value of x and y is 0.

           If x or y evaluate to a negative number, they'll be changed so the input image is centered on the
           padded area.

       color
           Specify the color of the padded area. For the syntax of this option, check the "Color" section in the
           ffmpeg-utils manual.

           The default value of color is "black".

       eval
           Specify when to evaluate  width, height, x and y expression.

           It accepts the following values:

           init
               Only evaluate expressions once during the filter initialization or when a command is processed.

           frame
               Evaluate expressions for each incoming frame.

           Default value is init.

       aspect
           Pad to aspect instead to a resolution.

       The value for the width, height, x, and y options are expressions containing the following constants:

       in_w
       in_h
           The input video width and height.

       iw
       ih  These are the same as in_w and in_h.

       out_w
       out_h
           The output width and height (the size of the padded area), as specified by the width and height
           expressions.

       ow
       oh  These are the same as out_w and out_h.

       x
       y   The x and y offsets as specified by the x and y expressions, or NAN if not yet specified.

       a   same as iw / ih

       sar input sample aspect ratio

       dar input display aspect ratio, it is the same as (iw / ih) * sar

       hsub
       vsub
           The horizontal and vertical chroma subsample values. For example for the pixel format "yuv422p" hsub
           is 2 and vsub is 1.

       Examples

       •   Add paddings with the color "violet" to the input video. The output video size is 640x480, and the
           top-left corner of the input video is placed at column 0, row 40

                   pad=640:480:0:40:violet

           The example above is equivalent to the following command:

                   pad=width=640:height=480:x=0:y=40:color=violet

       •   Pad the input to get an output with dimensions increased by 3/2, and put the input video at the
           center of the padded area:

                   pad="3/2*iw:3/2*ih:(ow-iw)/2:(oh-ih)/2"

       •   Pad the input to get a squared output with size equal to the maximum value between the input width
           and height, and put the input video at the center of the padded area:

                   pad="max(iw\,ih):ow:(ow-iw)/2:(oh-ih)/2"

       •   Pad the input to get a final w/h ratio of 16:9:

                   pad="ih*16/9:ih:(ow-iw)/2:(oh-ih)/2"

       •   In case of anamorphic video, in order to set the output display aspect correctly, it is necessary to
           use sar in the expression, according to the relation:

                   (ih * X / ih) * sar = output_dar
                   X = output_dar / sar

           Thus the previous example needs to be modified to:

                   pad="ih*16/9/sar:ih:(ow-iw)/2:(oh-ih)/2"

       •   Double the output size and put the input video in the bottom-right corner of the output padded area:

                   pad="2*iw:2*ih:ow-iw:oh-ih"

   palettegen
       Generate one palette for a whole video stream.

       It accepts the following options:

       max_colors
           Set the maximum number of colors to quantize in the palette.  Note: the palette will still contain
           256 colors; the unused palette entries will be black.

       reserve_transparent
           Create a palette of 255 colors maximum and reserve the last one for transparency. Reserving the
           transparency color is useful for GIF optimization.  If not set, the maximum of colors in the palette
           will be 256. You probably want to disable this option for a standalone image.  Set by default.

       stats_mode
           Set statistics mode.

           It accepts the following values:

           full
               Compute full frame histograms.

           diff
               Compute histograms only for the part that differs from previous frame. This might be relevant to
               give more importance to the moving part of your input if the background is static.

           single
               Compute new histogram for each frame.

           Default value is full.

       The filter also exports the frame metadata "lavfi.color_quant_ratio" ("nb_color_in / nb_color_out") which
       you can use to evaluate the degree of color quantization of the palette. This information is also visible
       at info logging level.

       Examples

       •   Generate a representative palette of a given video using ffmpeg:

                   ffmpeg -i input.mkv -vf palettegen palette.png

   paletteuse
       Use a palette to downsample an input video stream.

       The filter takes two inputs: one video stream and a palette. The palette must be a 256 pixels image.

       It accepts the following options:

       dither
           Select dithering mode. Available algorithms are:

           bayer
               Ordered 8x8 bayer dithering (deterministic)

           heckbert
               Dithering as defined by Paul Heckbert in 1982 (simple error diffusion).  Note: this dithering is
               sometimes considered "wrong" and is included as a reference.

           floyd_steinberg
               Floyd and Steingberg dithering (error diffusion)

           sierra2
               Frankie Sierra dithering v2 (error diffusion)

           sierra2_4a
               Frankie Sierra dithering v2 "Lite" (error diffusion)

           Default is sierra2_4a.

       bayer_scale
           When bayer dithering is selected, this option defines the scale of the pattern (how much the
           crosshatch pattern is visible). A low value means more visible pattern for less banding, and higher
           value means less visible pattern at the cost of more banding.

           The option must be an integer value in the range [0,5]. Default is 2.

       diff_mode
           If set, define the zone to process

           rectangle
               Only the changing rectangle will be reprocessed. This is similar to GIF cropping/offsetting
               compression mechanism. This option can be useful for speed if only a part of the image is
               changing, and has use cases such as limiting the scope of the error diffusal dither to the
               rectangle that bounds the moving scene (it leads to more deterministic output if the scene
               doesn't change much, and as a result less moving noise and better GIF compression).

           Default is none.

       new Take new palette for each output frame.

       Examples

       •   Use a palette (generated for example with palettegen) to encode a GIF using ffmpeg:

                   ffmpeg -i input.mkv -i palette.png -lavfi paletteuse output.gif

   perspective
       Correct perspective of video not recorded perpendicular to the screen.

       A description of the accepted parameters follows.

       x0
       y0
       x1
       y1
       x2
       y2
       x3
       y3  Set coordinates expression for top left, top right, bottom left and bottom right corners.  Default
           values are "0:0:W:0:0:H:W:H" with which perspective will remain unchanged.  If the "sense" option is
           set to "source", then the specified points will be sent to the corners of the destination. If the
           "sense" option is set to "destination", then the corners of the source will be sent to the specified
           coordinates.

           The expressions can use the following variables:

           W
           H   the width and height of video frame.

           in  Input frame count.

           on  Output frame count.

       interpolation
           Set interpolation for perspective correction.

           It accepts the following values:

           linear
           cubic

           Default value is linear.

       sense
           Set interpretation of coordinate options.

           It accepts the following values:

           0, source
               Send point in the source specified by the given coordinates to the corners of the destination.

           1, destination
               Send the corners of the source to the point in the destination specified by the given
               coordinates.

               Default value is source.

       eval
           Set when the expressions for coordinates x0,y0,...x3,y3 are evaluated.

           It accepts the following values:

           init
               only evaluate expressions once during the filter initialization or when a command is processed

           frame
               evaluate expressions for each incoming frame

           Default value is init.

   phase
       Delay interlaced video by one field time so that the field order changes.

       The intended use is to fix PAL movies that have been captured with the opposite field order to the film-
       to-video transfer.

       A description of the accepted parameters follows.

       mode
           Set phase mode.

           It accepts the following values:

           t   Capture field order top-first, transfer bottom-first.  Filter will delay the bottom field.

           b   Capture field order bottom-first, transfer top-first.  Filter will delay the top field.

           p   Capture and transfer with the same field order. This mode only exists for the documentation of
               the other options to refer to, but if you actually select it, the filter will faithfully do
               nothing.

           a   Capture field order determined automatically by field flags, transfer opposite.  Filter selects
               among t and b modes on a frame by frame basis using field flags. If no field information is
               available, then this works just like u.

           u   Capture unknown or varying, transfer opposite.  Filter selects among t and b on a frame by frame
               basis by analyzing the images and selecting the alternative that produces best match between the
               fields.

           T   Capture top-first, transfer unknown or varying.  Filter selects among t and p using image
               analysis.

           B   Capture bottom-first, transfer unknown or varying.  Filter selects among b and p using image
               analysis.

           A   Capture determined by field flags, transfer unknown or varying.  Filter selects among t, b and p
               using field flags and image analysis. If no field information is available, then this works just
               like U. This is the default mode.

           U   Both capture and transfer unknown or varying.  Filter selects among t, b and p using image
               analysis only.

   pixdesctest
       Pixel format descriptor test filter, mainly useful for internal testing. The output video should be equal
       to the input video.

       For example:

               format=monow, pixdesctest

       can be used to test the monowhite pixel format descriptor definition.

   pixscope
       Display sample values of color channels. Mainly useful for checking color and levels. Minimum supported
       resolution is 640x480.

       The filters accept the following options:

       x   Set scope X position, relative offset on X axis.

       y   Set scope Y position, relative offset on Y axis.

       w   Set scope width.

       h   Set scope height.

       o   Set window opacity. This window also holds statistics about pixel area.

       wx  Set window X position, relative offset on X axis.

       wy  Set window Y position, relative offset on Y axis.

   pp
       Enable the specified chain of postprocessing subfilters using libpostproc. This library should be
       automatically selected with a GPL build ("--enable-gpl").  Subfilters must be separated by '/' and can be
       disabled by prepending a '-'.  Each subfilter and some options have a short and a long name that can be
       used interchangeably, i.e. dr/dering are the same.

       The filters accept the following options:

       subfilters
           Set postprocessing subfilters string.

       All subfilters share common options to determine their scope:

       a/autoq
           Honor the quality commands for this subfilter.

       c/chrom
           Do chrominance filtering, too (default).

       y/nochrom
           Do luminance filtering only (no chrominance).

       n/noluma
           Do chrominance filtering only (no luminance).

       These options can be appended after the subfilter name, separated by a '|'.

       Available subfilters are:

       hb/hdeblock[|difference[|flatness]]
           Horizontal deblocking filter

           difference
               Difference factor where higher values mean more deblocking (default: 32).

           flatness
               Flatness threshold where lower values mean more deblocking (default: 39).

       vb/vdeblock[|difference[|flatness]]
           Vertical deblocking filter

           difference
               Difference factor where higher values mean more deblocking (default: 32).

           flatness
               Flatness threshold where lower values mean more deblocking (default: 39).

       ha/hadeblock[|difference[|flatness]]
           Accurate horizontal deblocking filter

           difference
               Difference factor where higher values mean more deblocking (default: 32).

           flatness
               Flatness threshold where lower values mean more deblocking (default: 39).

       va/vadeblock[|difference[|flatness]]
           Accurate vertical deblocking filter

           difference
               Difference factor where higher values mean more deblocking (default: 32).

           flatness
               Flatness threshold where lower values mean more deblocking (default: 39).

       The horizontal and vertical deblocking filters share the difference and flatness values so you cannot set
       different horizontal and vertical thresholds.

       h1/x1hdeblock
           Experimental horizontal deblocking filter

       v1/x1vdeblock
           Experimental vertical deblocking filter

       dr/dering
           Deringing filter

       tn/tmpnoise[|threshold1[|threshold2[|threshold3]]], temporal noise reducer
           threshold1
               larger -> stronger filtering

           threshold2
               larger -> stronger filtering

           threshold3
               larger -> stronger filtering

       al/autolevels[:f/fullyrange], automatic brightness / contrast correction
           f/fullyrange
               Stretch luminance to "0-255".

       lb/linblenddeint
           Linear blend deinterlacing filter that deinterlaces the given block by filtering all lines with a "(1
           2 1)" filter.

       li/linipoldeint
           Linear interpolating deinterlacing filter that deinterlaces the given block by linearly interpolating
           every second line.

       ci/cubicipoldeint
           Cubic interpolating deinterlacing filter deinterlaces the given block by cubically interpolating
           every second line.

       md/mediandeint
           Median deinterlacing filter that deinterlaces the given block by applying a median filter to every
           second line.

       fd/ffmpegdeint
           FFmpeg deinterlacing filter that deinterlaces the given block by filtering every second line with a
           "(-1 4 2 4 -1)" filter.

       l5/lowpass5
           Vertically applied FIR lowpass deinterlacing filter that deinterlaces the given block by filtering
           all lines with a "(-1 2 6 2 -1)" filter.

       fq/forceQuant[|quantizer]
           Overrides the quantizer table from the input with the constant quantizer you specify.

           quantizer
               Quantizer to use

       de/default
           Default pp filter combination ("hb|a,vb|a,dr|a")

       fa/fast
           Fast pp filter combination ("h1|a,v1|a,dr|a")

       ac  High quality pp filter combination ("ha|a|128|7,va|a,dr|a")

       Examples

       •   Apply horizontal and vertical deblocking, deringing and automatic brightness/contrast:

                   pp=hb/vb/dr/al

       •   Apply default filters without brightness/contrast correction:

                   pp=de/-al

       •   Apply default filters and temporal denoiser:

                   pp=default/tmpnoise|1|2|3

       •   Apply deblocking on luminance only, and switch vertical deblocking on or off automatically depending
           on available CPU time:

                   pp=hb|y/vb|a

   pp7
       Apply Postprocessing filter 7. It is variant of the spp filter, similar to spp = 6 with 7 point DCT,
       where only the center sample is used after IDCT.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       qp  Force a constant quantization parameter. It accepts an integer in range 0 to 63. If not set, the
           filter will use the QP from the video stream (if available).

       mode
           Set thresholding mode. Available modes are:

           hard
               Set hard thresholding.

           soft
               Set soft thresholding (better de-ringing effect, but likely blurrier).

           medium
               Set medium thresholding (good results, default).

   premultiply
       Apply alpha premultiply effect to input video stream using first plane of second stream as alpha.

       Both streams must have same dimensions and same pixel format.

       The filter accepts the following option:

       planes
           Set which planes will be processed, unprocessed planes will be copied.  By default value 0xf, all
           planes will be processed.

       inplace
           Do not require 2nd input for processing, instead use alpha plane from input stream.

   prewitt
       Apply prewitt operator to input video stream.

       The filter accepts the following option:

       planes
           Set which planes will be processed, unprocessed planes will be copied.  By default value 0xf, all
           planes will be processed.

       scale
           Set value which will be multiplied with filtered result.

       delta
           Set value which will be added to filtered result.

   pseudocolor
       Alter frame colors in video with pseudocolors.

       This filter accept the following options:

       c0  set pixel first component expression

       c1  set pixel second component expression

       c2  set pixel third component expression

       c3  set pixel fourth component expression, corresponds to the alpha component

       i   set component to use as base for altering colors

       Each of them specifies the expression to use for computing the lookup table for the corresponding pixel
       component values.

       The expressions can contain the following constants and functions:

       w
       h   The input width and height.

       val The input value for the pixel component.

       ymin, umin, vmin, amin
           The minimum allowed component value.

       ymax, umax, vmax, amax
           The maximum allowed component value.

       All expressions default to "val".

       Examples

       •   Change too high luma values to gradient:

                   pseudocolor="'if(between(val,ymax,amax),lerp(ymin,ymax,(val-ymax)/(amax-ymax)),-1):if(between(val,ymax,amax),lerp(umax,umin,(val-ymax)/(amax-ymax)),-1):if(between(val,ymax,amax),lerp(vmin,vmax,(val-ymax)/(amax-ymax)),-1):-1'"

   psnr
       Obtain the average, maximum and minimum PSNR (Peak Signal to Noise Ratio) between two input videos.

       This filter takes in input two input videos, the first input is considered the "main" source and is
       passed unchanged to the output. The second input is used as a "reference" video for computing the PSNR.

       Both video inputs must have the same resolution and pixel format for this filter to work correctly. Also
       it assumes that both inputs have the same number of frames, which are compared one by one.

       The obtained average PSNR is printed through the logging system.

       The filter stores the accumulated MSE (mean squared error) of each frame, and at the end of the
       processing it is averaged across all frames equally, and the following formula is applied to obtain the
       PSNR:

               PSNR = 10*log10(MAX^2/MSE)

       Where MAX is the average of the maximum values of each component of the image.

       The description of the accepted parameters follows.

       stats_file, f
           If specified the filter will use the named file to save the PSNR of each individual frame. When
           filename equals "-" the data is sent to standard output.

       stats_version
           Specifies which version of the stats file format to use. Details of each format are written below.
           Default value is 1.

       stats_add_max
           Determines whether the max value is output to the stats log.  Default value is 0.  Requires
           stats_version >= 2. If this is set and stats_version < 2, the filter will return an error.

       This filter also supports the framesync options.

       The file printed if stats_file is selected, contains a sequence of key/value pairs of the form key:value
       for each compared couple of frames.

       If a stats_version greater than 1 is specified, a header line precedes the list of per-frame-pair stats,
       with key value pairs following the frame format with the following parameters:

       psnr_log_version
           The version of the log file format. Will match stats_version.

       fields
           A comma separated list of the per-frame-pair parameters included in the log.

       A description of each shown per-frame-pair parameter follows:

       n   sequential number of the input frame, starting from 1

       mse_avg
           Mean Square Error pixel-by-pixel average difference of the compared frames, averaged over all the
           image components.

       mse_y, mse_u, mse_v, mse_r, mse_g, mse_g, mse_a
           Mean Square Error pixel-by-pixel average difference of the compared frames for the component
           specified by the suffix.

       psnr_y, psnr_u, psnr_v, psnr_r, psnr_g, psnr_b, psnr_a
           Peak Signal to Noise ratio of the compared frames for the component specified by the suffix.

       max_avg, max_y, max_u, max_v
           Maximum allowed value for each channel, and average over all channels.

       For example:

               movie=ref_movie.mpg, setpts=PTS-STARTPTS [main];
               [main][ref] psnr="stats_file=stats.log" [out]

       On this example the input file being processed is compared with the reference file ref_movie.mpg. The
       PSNR of each individual frame is stored in stats.log.

   pullup
       Pulldown reversal (inverse telecine) filter, capable of handling mixed hard-telecine, 24000/1001 fps
       progressive, and 30000/1001 fps progressive content.

       The pullup filter is designed to take advantage of future context in making its decisions. This filter is
       stateless in the sense that it does not lock onto a pattern to follow, but it instead looks forward to
       the following fields in order to identify matches and rebuild progressive frames.

       To produce content with an even framerate, insert the fps filter after pullup, use "fps=24000/1001" if
       the input frame rate is 29.97fps, "fps=24" for 30fps and the (rare) telecined 25fps input.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       jl
       jr
       jt
       jb  These options set the amount of "junk" to ignore at the left, right, top, and bottom of the image,
           respectively. Left and right are in units of 8 pixels, while top and bottom are in units of 2 lines.
           The default is 8 pixels on each side.

       sb  Set the strict breaks. Setting this option to 1 will reduce the chances of filter generating an
           occasional mismatched frame, but it may also cause an excessive number of frames to be dropped during
           high motion sequences.  Conversely, setting it to -1 will make filter match fields more easily.  This
           may help processing of video where there is slight blurring between the fields, but may also cause
           there to be interlaced frames in the output.  Default value is 0.

       mp  Set the metric plane to use. It accepts the following values:

           l   Use luma plane.

           u   Use chroma blue plane.

           v   Use chroma red plane.

           This option may be set to use chroma plane instead of the default luma plane for doing filter's
           computations. This may improve accuracy on very clean source material, but more likely will decrease
           accuracy, especially if there is chroma noise (rainbow effect) or any grayscale video.  The main
           purpose of setting mp to a chroma plane is to reduce CPU load and make pullup usable in realtime on
           slow machines.

       For best results (without duplicated frames in the output file) it is necessary to change the output
       frame rate. For example, to inverse telecine NTSC input:

               ffmpeg -i input -vf pullup -r 24000/1001 ...

   qp
       Change video quantization parameters (QP).

       The filter accepts the following option:

       qp  Set expression for quantization parameter.

       The expression is evaluated through the eval API and can contain, among others, the following constants:

       known
           1 if index is not 129, 0 otherwise.

       qp  Sequential index starting from -129 to 128.

       Examples

       •   Some equation like:

                   qp=2+2*sin(PI*qp)

   random
       Flush video frames from internal cache of frames into a random order.  No frame is discarded.  Inspired
       by frei0r nervous filter.

       frames
           Set size in number of frames of internal cache, in range from 2 to 512. Default is 30.

       seed
           Set seed for random number generator, must be an integer included between 0 and "UINT32_MAX". If not
           specified, or if explicitly set to less than 0, the filter will try to use a good random seed on a
           best effort basis.

   readeia608
       Read closed captioning (EIA-608) information from the top lines of a video frame.

       This filter adds frame metadata for "lavfi.readeia608.X.cc" and "lavfi.readeia608.X.line", where "X" is
       the number of the identified line with EIA-608 data (starting from 0). A description of each metadata
       value follows:

       lavfi.readeia608.X.cc
           The two bytes stored as EIA-608 data (printed in hexadecimal).

       lavfi.readeia608.X.line
           The number of the line on which the EIA-608 data was identified and read.

       This filter accepts the following options:

       scan_min
           Set the line to start scanning for EIA-608 data. Default is 0.

       scan_max
           Set the line to end scanning for EIA-608 data. Default is 29.

       mac Set minimal acceptable amplitude change for sync codes detection.  Default is 0.2. Allowed range is
           "[0.001 - 1]".

       spw Set the ratio of width reserved for sync code detection.  Default is 0.27. Allowed range is "[0.01 -
           0.7]".

       mhd Set the max peaks height difference for sync code detection.  Default is 0.1. Allowed range is "[0.0
           - 0.5]".

       mpd Set max peaks period difference for sync code detection.  Default is 0.1. Allowed range is "[0.0 -
           0.5]".

       msd Set the first two max start code bits differences.  Default is 0.02. Allowed range is "[0.0 - 0.5]".

       bhd Set the minimum ratio of bits height compared to 3rd start code bit.  Default is 0.75. Allowed range
           is "[0.01 - 1]".

       th_w
           Set the white color threshold. Default is 0.35. Allowed range is "[0.1 - 1]".

       th_b
           Set the black color threshold. Default is 0.15. Allowed range is "[0.0 - 0.5]".

       chp Enable checking the parity bit. In the event of a parity error, the filter will output 0x00 for that
           character. Default is false.

       Examples

       •   Output a csv with presentation time and the first two lines of identified EIA-608 captioning data.

                   ffprobe -f lavfi -i movie=captioned_video.mov,readeia608 -show_entries frame=pkt_pts_time:frame_tags=lavfi.readeia608.0.cc,lavfi.readeia608.1.cc -of csv

   readvitc
       Read vertical interval timecode (VITC) information from the top lines of a video frame.

       The filter adds frame metadata key "lavfi.readvitc.tc_str" with the timecode value, if a valid timecode
       has been detected. Further metadata key "lavfi.readvitc.found" is set to 0/1 depending on whether
       timecode data has been found or not.

       This filter accepts the following options:

       scan_max
           Set the maximum number of lines to scan for VITC data. If the value is set to "-1" the full video
           frame is scanned. Default is 45.

       thr_b
           Set the luma threshold for black. Accepts float numbers in the range [0.0,1.0], default value is 0.2.
           The value must be equal or less than "thr_w".

       thr_w
           Set the luma threshold for white. Accepts float numbers in the range [0.0,1.0], default value is 0.6.
           The value must be equal or greater than "thr_b".

       Examples

       •   Detect and draw VITC data onto the video frame; if no valid VITC is detected, draw "--:--:--:--" as a
           placeholder:

                   ffmpeg -i input.avi -filter:v 'readvitc,drawtext=fontfile=FreeMono.ttf:text=%{metadata\\:lavfi.readvitc.tc_str\\:--\\\\\\:--\\\\\\:--\\\\\\:--}:x=(w-tw)/2:y=400-ascent'

   remap
       Remap pixels using 2nd: Xmap and 3rd: Ymap input video stream.

       Destination pixel at position (X, Y) will be picked from source (x, y) position where x = Xmap(X, Y) and
       y = Ymap(X, Y). If mapping values are out of range, zero value for pixel will be used for destination
       pixel.

       Xmap and Ymap input video streams must be of same dimensions. Output video stream will have Xmap/Ymap
       video stream dimensions.  Xmap and Ymap input video streams are 16bit depth, single channel.

   removegrain
       The removegrain filter is a spatial denoiser for progressive video.

       m0  Set mode for the first plane.

       m1  Set mode for the second plane.

       m2  Set mode for the third plane.

       m3  Set mode for the fourth plane.

       Range of mode is from 0 to 24. Description of each mode follows:

       0   Leave input plane unchanged. Default.

       1   Clips the pixel with the minimum and maximum of the 8 neighbour pixels.

       2   Clips the pixel with the second minimum and maximum of the 8 neighbour pixels.

       3   Clips the pixel with the third minimum and maximum of the 8 neighbour pixels.

       4   Clips the pixel with the fourth minimum and maximum of the 8 neighbour pixels.  This is equivalent to
           a median filter.

       5   Line-sensitive clipping giving the minimal change.

       6   Line-sensitive clipping, intermediate.

       7   Line-sensitive clipping, intermediate.

       8   Line-sensitive clipping, intermediate.

       9   Line-sensitive clipping on a line where the neighbours pixels are the closest.

       10  Replaces the target pixel with the closest neighbour.

       11  [1 2 1] horizontal and vertical kernel blur.

       12  Same as mode 11.

       13  Bob mode, interpolates top field from the line where the neighbours pixels are the closest.

       14  Bob mode, interpolates bottom field from the line where the neighbours pixels are the closest.

       15  Bob mode, interpolates top field. Same as 13 but with a more complicated interpolation formula.

       16  Bob mode, interpolates bottom field. Same as 14 but with a more complicated interpolation formula.

       17  Clips the pixel with the minimum and maximum of respectively the maximum and minimum of each pair of
           opposite neighbour pixels.

       18  Line-sensitive clipping using opposite neighbours whose greatest distance from the current pixel is
           minimal.

       19  Replaces the pixel with the average of its 8 neighbours.

       20  Averages the 9 pixels ([1 1 1] horizontal and vertical blur).

       21  Clips pixels using the averages of opposite neighbour.

       22  Same as mode 21 but simpler and faster.

       23  Small edge and halo removal, but reputed useless.

       24  Similar as 23.

   removelogo
       Suppress a TV station logo, using an image file to determine which pixels comprise the logo. It works by
       filling in the pixels that comprise the logo with neighboring pixels.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       filename, f
           Set the filter bitmap file, which can be any image format supported by libavformat. The width and
           height of the image file must match those of the video stream being processed.

       Pixels in the provided bitmap image with a value of zero are not considered part of the logo, non-zero
       pixels are considered part of the logo. If you use white (255) for the logo and black (0) for the rest,
       you will be safe. For making the filter bitmap, it is recommended to take a screen capture of a black
       frame with the logo visible, and then using a threshold filter followed by the erode filter once or
       twice.

       If needed, little splotches can be fixed manually. Remember that if logo pixels are not covered, the
       filter quality will be much reduced. Marking too many pixels as part of the logo does not hurt as much,
       but it will increase the amount of blurring needed to cover over the image and will destroy more
       information than necessary, and extra pixels will slow things down on a large logo.

   repeatfields
       This filter uses the repeat_field flag from the Video ES headers and hard repeats fields based on its
       value.

   reverse
       Reverse a video clip.

       Warning: This filter requires memory to buffer the entire clip, so trimming is suggested.

       Examples

       •   Take the first 5 seconds of a clip, and reverse it.

                   trim=end=5,reverse

   roberts
       Apply roberts cross operator to input video stream.

       The filter accepts the following option:

       planes
           Set which planes will be processed, unprocessed planes will be copied.  By default value 0xf, all
           planes will be processed.

       scale
           Set value which will be multiplied with filtered result.

       delta
           Set value which will be added to filtered result.

   rotate
       Rotate video by an arbitrary angle expressed in radians.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       A description of the optional parameters follows.

       angle, a
           Set an expression for the angle by which to rotate the input video clockwise, expressed as a number
           of radians. A negative value will result in a counter-clockwise rotation. By default it is set to
           "0".

           This expression is evaluated for each frame.

       out_w, ow
           Set the output width expression, default value is "iw".  This expression is evaluated just once
           during configuration.

       out_h, oh
           Set the output height expression, default value is "ih".  This expression is evaluated just once
           during configuration.

       bilinear
           Enable bilinear interpolation if set to 1, a value of 0 disables it. Default value is 1.

       fillcolor, c
           Set the color used to fill the output area not covered by the rotated image. For the general syntax
           of this option, check the "Color" section in the ffmpeg-utils manual. If the special value "none" is
           selected then no background is printed (useful for example if the background is never shown).

           Default value is "black".

       The expressions for the angle and the output size can contain the following constants and functions:

       n   sequential number of the input frame, starting from 0. It is always NAN before the first frame is
           filtered.

       t   time in seconds of the input frame, it is set to 0 when the filter is configured. It is always NAN
           before the first frame is filtered.

       hsub
       vsub
           horizontal and vertical chroma subsample values. For example for the pixel format "yuv422p" hsub is 2
           and vsub is 1.

       in_w, iw
       in_h, ih
           the input video width and height

       out_w, ow
       out_h, oh
           the output width and height, that is the size of the padded area as specified by the width and height
           expressions

       rotw(a)
       roth(a)
           the minimal width/height required for completely containing the input video rotated by a radians.

           These are only available when computing the out_w and out_h expressions.

       Examples

       •   Rotate the input by PI/6 radians clockwise:

                   rotate=PI/6

       •   Rotate the input by PI/6 radians counter-clockwise:

                   rotate=-PI/6

       •   Rotate the input by 45 degrees clockwise:

                   rotate=45*PI/180

       •   Apply a constant rotation with period T, starting from an angle of PI/3:

                   rotate=PI/3+2*PI*t/T

       •   Make the input video rotation oscillating with a period of T seconds and an amplitude of A radians:

                   rotate=A*sin(2*PI/T*t)

       •   Rotate the video, output size is chosen so that the whole rotating input video is always completely
           contained in the output:

                   rotate='2*PI*t:ow=hypot(iw,ih):oh=ow'

       •   Rotate the video, reduce the output size so that no background is ever shown:

                   rotate=2*PI*t:ow='min(iw,ih)/sqrt(2)':oh=ow:c=none

       Commands

       The filter supports the following commands:

       a, angle
           Set the angle expression.  The command accepts the same syntax of the corresponding option.

           If the specified expression is not valid, it is kept at its current value.

   sab
       Apply Shape Adaptive Blur.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       luma_radius, lr
           Set luma blur filter strength, must be a value in range 0.1-4.0, default value is 1.0. A greater
           value will result in a more blurred image, and in slower processing.

       luma_pre_filter_radius, lpfr
           Set luma pre-filter radius, must be a value in the 0.1-2.0 range, default value is 1.0.

       luma_strength, ls
           Set luma maximum difference between pixels to still be considered, must be a value in the 0.1-100.0
           range, default value is 1.0.

       chroma_radius, cr
           Set chroma blur filter strength, must be a value in range -0.9-4.0. A greater value will result in a
           more blurred image, and in slower processing.

       chroma_pre_filter_radius, cpfr
           Set chroma pre-filter radius, must be a value in the -0.9-2.0 range.

       chroma_strength, cs
           Set chroma maximum difference between pixels to still be considered, must be a value in the
           -0.9-100.0 range.

       Each chroma option value, if not explicitly specified, is set to the corresponding luma option value.

   scale
       Scale (resize) the input video, using the libswscale library.

       The scale filter forces the output display aspect ratio to be the same of the input, by changing the
       output sample aspect ratio.

       If the input image format is different from the format requested by the next filter, the scale filter
       will convert the input to the requested format.

       Options

       The filter accepts the following options, or any of the options supported by the libswscale scaler.

       See the ffmpeg-scaler manual for the complete list of scaler options.

       width, w
       height, h
           Set the output video dimension expression. Default value is the input dimension.

           If the width or w value is 0, the input width is used for the output. If the height or h value is 0,
           the input height is used for the output.

           If one and only one of the values is -n with n >= 1, the scale filter will use a value that maintains
           the aspect ratio of the input image, calculated from the other specified dimension. After that it
           will, however, make sure that the calculated dimension is divisible by n and adjust the value if
           necessary.

           If both values are -n with n >= 1, the behavior will be identical to both values being set to 0 as
           previously detailed.

           See below for the list of accepted constants for use in the dimension expression.

       eval
           Specify when to evaluate width and height expression. It accepts the following values:

           init
               Only evaluate expressions once during the filter initialization or when a command is processed.

           frame
               Evaluate expressions for each incoming frame.

           Default value is init.

       interl
           Set the interlacing mode. It accepts the following values:

           1   Force interlaced aware scaling.

           0   Do not apply interlaced scaling.

           -1  Select interlaced aware scaling depending on whether the source frames are flagged as interlaced
               or not.

           Default value is 0.

       flags
           Set libswscale scaling flags. See the ffmpeg-scaler manual for the complete list of values. If not
           explicitly specified the filter applies the default flags.

       param0, param1
           Set libswscale input parameters for scaling algorithms that need them. See the ffmpeg-scaler manual
           for the complete documentation. If not explicitly specified the filter applies empty parameters.

       size, s
           Set the video size. For the syntax of this option, check the "Video size" section in the ffmpeg-utils
           manual.

       in_color_matrix
       out_color_matrix
           Set in/output YCbCr color space type.

           This allows the autodetected value to be overridden as well as allows forcing a specific value used
           for the output and encoder.

           If not specified, the color space type depends on the pixel format.

           Possible values:

           auto
               Choose automatically.

           bt709
               Format conforming to International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Recommendation BT.709.

           fcc Set color space conforming to the United States Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Code of
               Federal Regulations (CFR) Title 47 (2003) 73.682 (a).

           bt601
               Set color space conforming to:

               •   ITU Radiocommunication Sector (ITU-R) Recommendation BT.601

               •   ITU-R Rec. BT.470-6 (1998) Systems B, B1, and G

               •   Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE) ST 170:2004

           smpte240m
               Set color space conforming to SMPTE ST 240:1999.

       in_range
       out_range
           Set in/output YCbCr sample range.

           This allows the autodetected value to be overridden as well as allows forcing a specific value used
           for the output and encoder. If not specified, the range depends on the pixel format. Possible values:

           auto
               Choose automatically.

           jpeg/full/pc
               Set full range (0-255 in case of 8-bit luma).

           mpeg/tv
               Set "MPEG" range (16-235 in case of 8-bit luma).

       force_original_aspect_ratio
           Enable decreasing or increasing output video width or height if necessary to keep the original aspect
           ratio. Possible values:

           disable
               Scale the video as specified and disable this feature.

           decrease
               The output video dimensions will automatically be decreased if needed.

           increase
               The output video dimensions will automatically be increased if needed.

           One useful instance of this option is that when you know a specific device's maximum allowed
           resolution, you can use this to limit the output video to that, while retaining the aspect ratio. For
           example, device A allows 1280x720 playback, and your video is 1920x800. Using this option (set it to
           decrease) and specifying 1280x720 to the command line makes the output 1280x533.

           Please note that this is a different thing than specifying -1 for w or h, you still need to specify
           the output resolution for this option to work.

       The values of the w and h options are expressions containing the following constants:

       in_w
       in_h
           The input width and height

       iw
       ih  These are the same as in_w and in_h.

       out_w
       out_h
           The output (scaled) width and height

       ow
       oh  These are the same as out_w and out_h

       a   The same as iw / ih

       sar input sample aspect ratio

       dar The input display aspect ratio. Calculated from "(iw / ih) * sar".

       hsub
       vsub
           horizontal and vertical input chroma subsample values. For example for the pixel format "yuv422p"
           hsub is 2 and vsub is 1.

       ohsub
       ovsub
           horizontal and vertical output chroma subsample values. For example for the pixel format "yuv422p"
           hsub is 2 and vsub is 1.

       Examples

       •   Scale the input video to a size of 200x100

                   scale=w=200:h=100

           This is equivalent to:

                   scale=200:100

           or:

                   scale=200x100

       •   Specify a size abbreviation for the output size:

                   scale=qcif

           which can also be written as:

                   scale=size=qcif

       •   Scale the input to 2x:

                   scale=w=2*iw:h=2*ih

       •   The above is the same as:

                   scale=2*in_w:2*in_h

       •   Scale the input to 2x with forced interlaced scaling:

                   scale=2*iw:2*ih:interl=1

       •   Scale the input to half size:

                   scale=w=iw/2:h=ih/2

       •   Increase the width, and set the height to the same size:

                   scale=3/2*iw:ow

       •   Seek Greek harmony:

                   scale=iw:1/PHI*iw
                   scale=ih*PHI:ih

       •   Increase the height, and set the width to 3/2 of the height:

                   scale=w=3/2*oh:h=3/5*ih

       •   Increase the size, making the size a multiple of the chroma subsample values:

                   scale="trunc(3/2*iw/hsub)*hsub:trunc(3/2*ih/vsub)*vsub"

       •   Increase the width to a maximum of 500 pixels, keeping the same aspect ratio as the input:

                   scale=w='min(500\, iw*3/2):h=-1'

       Commands

       This filter supports the following commands:

       width, w
       height, h
           Set the output video dimension expression.  The command accepts the same syntax of the corresponding
           option.

           If the specified expression is not valid, it is kept at its current value.

   scale_npp
       Use the NVIDIA Performance Primitives (libnpp) to perform scaling and/or pixel format conversion on CUDA
       video frames. Setting the output width and height works in the same way as for the scale filter.

       The following additional options are accepted:

       format
           The pixel format of the output CUDA frames. If set to the string "same" (the default), the input
           format will be kept. Note that automatic format negotiation and conversion is not yet supported for
           hardware frames

       interp_algo
           The interpolation algorithm used for resizing. One of the following:

           nn  Nearest neighbour.

           linear
           cubic
           cubic2p_bspline
               2-parameter cubic (B=1, C=0)

           cubic2p_catmullrom
               2-parameter cubic (B=0, C=1/2)

           cubic2p_b05c03
               2-parameter cubic (B=1/2, C=3/10)

           super
               Supersampling

           lanczos

   scale2ref
       Scale (resize) the input video, based on a reference video.

       See the scale filter for available options, scale2ref supports the same but uses the reference video
       instead of the main input as basis. scale2ref also supports the following additional constants for the w
       and h options:

       main_w
       main_h
           The main input video's width and height

       main_a
           The same as main_w / main_h

       main_sar
           The main input video's sample aspect ratio

       main_dar, mdar
           The main input video's display aspect ratio. Calculated from "(main_w / main_h) * main_sar".

       main_hsub
       main_vsub
           The main input video's horizontal and vertical chroma subsample values.  For example for the pixel
           format "yuv422p" hsub is 2 and vsub is 1.

       Examples

       •   Scale a subtitle stream (b) to match the main video (a) in size before overlaying

                   'scale2ref[b][a];[a][b]overlay'

   selectivecolor
       Adjust cyan, magenta, yellow and black (CMYK) to certain ranges of colors (such as "reds", "yellows",
       "greens", "cyans", ...). The adjustment range is defined by the "purity" of the color (that is, how
       saturated it already is).

       This filter is similar to the Adobe Photoshop Selective Color tool.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       correction_method
           Select color correction method.

           Available values are:

           absolute
               Specified adjustments are applied "as-is" (added/subtracted to original pixel component value).

           relative
               Specified adjustments are relative to the original component value.

           Default is "absolute".

       reds
           Adjustments for red pixels (pixels where the red component is the maximum)

       yellows
           Adjustments for yellow pixels (pixels where the blue component is the minimum)

       greens
           Adjustments for green pixels (pixels where the green component is the maximum)

       cyans
           Adjustments for cyan pixels (pixels where the red component is the minimum)

       blues
           Adjustments for blue pixels (pixels where the blue component is the maximum)

       magentas
           Adjustments for magenta pixels (pixels where the green component is the minimum)

       whites
           Adjustments for white pixels (pixels where all components are greater than 128)

       neutrals
           Adjustments for all pixels except pure black and pure white

       blacks
           Adjustments for black pixels (pixels where all components are lesser than 128)

       psfile
           Specify a Photoshop selective color file (".asv") to import the settings from.

       All the adjustment settings (reds, yellows, ...) accept up to 4 space separated floating point adjustment
       values in the [-1,1] range, respectively to adjust the amount of cyan, magenta, yellow and black for the
       pixels of its range.

       Examples

       •   Increase cyan by 50% and reduce yellow by 33% in every green areas, and increase magenta by 27% in
           blue areas:

                   selectivecolor=greens=.5 0 -.33 0:blues=0 .27

       •   Use a Photoshop selective color preset:

                   selectivecolor=psfile=MySelectiveColorPresets/Misty.asv

   separatefields
       The "separatefields" takes a frame-based video input and splits each frame into its components fields,
       producing a new half height clip with twice the frame rate and twice the frame count.

       This filter use field-dominance information in frame to decide which of each pair of fields to place
       first in the output.  If it gets it wrong use setfield filter before "separatefields" filter.

   setdar, setsar
       The "setdar" filter sets the Display Aspect Ratio for the filter output video.

       This is done by changing the specified Sample (aka Pixel) Aspect Ratio, according to the following
       equation:

               <DAR> = <HORIZONTAL_RESOLUTION> / <VERTICAL_RESOLUTION> * <SAR>

       Keep in mind that the "setdar" filter does not modify the pixel dimensions of the video frame. Also, the
       display aspect ratio set by this filter may be changed by later filters in the filterchain, e.g. in case
       of scaling or if another "setdar" or a "setsar" filter is applied.

       The "setsar" filter sets the Sample (aka Pixel) Aspect Ratio for the filter output video.

       Note that as a consequence of the application of this filter, the output display aspect ratio will change
       according to the equation above.

       Keep in mind that the sample aspect ratio set by the "setsar" filter may be changed by later filters in
       the filterchain, e.g. if another "setsar" or a "setdar" filter is applied.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       r, ratio, dar ("setdar" only), sar ("setsar" only)
           Set the aspect ratio used by the filter.

           The parameter can be a floating point number string, an expression, or a string of the form num:den,
           where num and den are the numerator and denominator of the aspect ratio. If the parameter is not
           specified, it is assumed the value "0".  In case the form "num:den" is used, the ":" character should
           be escaped.

       max Set the maximum integer value to use for expressing numerator and denominator when reducing the
           expressed aspect ratio to a rational.  Default value is 100.

       The parameter sar is an expression containing the following constants:

       E, PI, PHI
           These are approximated values for the mathematical constants e (Euler's number), pi (Greek pi), and
           phi (the golden ratio).

       w, h
           The input width and height.

       a   These are the same as w / h.

       sar The input sample aspect ratio.

       dar The input display aspect ratio. It is the same as (w / h) * sar.

       hsub, vsub
           Horizontal and vertical chroma subsample values. For example, for the pixel format "yuv422p" hsub is
           2 and vsub is 1.

       Examples

       •   To change the display aspect ratio to 16:9, specify one of the following:

                   setdar=dar=1.77777
                   setdar=dar=16/9

       •   To change the sample aspect ratio to 10:11, specify:

                   setsar=sar=10/11

       •   To set a display aspect ratio of 16:9, and specify a maximum integer value of 1000 in the aspect
           ratio reduction, use the command:

                   setdar=ratio=16/9:max=1000

   setfield
       Force field for the output video frame.

       The "setfield" filter marks the interlace type field for the output frames. It does not change the input
       frame, but only sets the corresponding property, which affects how the frame is treated by following
       filters (e.g. "fieldorder" or "yadif").

       The filter accepts the following options:

       mode
           Available values are:

           auto
               Keep the same field property.

           bff Mark the frame as bottom-field-first.

           tff Mark the frame as top-field-first.

           prog
               Mark the frame as progressive.

   showinfo
       Show a line containing various information for each input video frame.  The input video is not modified.

       The shown line contains a sequence of key/value pairs of the form key:value.

       The following values are shown in the output:

       n   The (sequential) number of the input frame, starting from 0.

       pts The Presentation TimeStamp of the input frame, expressed as a number of time base units. The time
           base unit depends on the filter input pad.

       pts_time
           The Presentation TimeStamp of the input frame, expressed as a number of seconds.

       pos The position of the frame in the input stream, or -1 if this information is unavailable and/or
           meaningless (for example in case of synthetic video).

       fmt The pixel format name.

       sar The sample aspect ratio of the input frame, expressed in the form num/den.

       s   The size of the input frame. For the syntax of this option, check the "Video size" section in the
           ffmpeg-utils manual.

       i   The type of interlaced mode ("P" for "progressive", "T" for top field first, "B" for bottom field
           first).

       iskey
           This is 1 if the frame is a key frame, 0 otherwise.

       type
           The picture type of the input frame ("I" for an I-frame, "P" for a P-frame, "B" for a B-frame, or "?"
           for an unknown type).  Also refer to the documentation of the "AVPictureType" enum and of the
           "av_get_picture_type_char" function defined in libavutil/avutil.h.

       checksum
           The Adler-32 checksum (printed in hexadecimal) of all the planes of the input frame.

       plane_checksum
           The Adler-32 checksum (printed in hexadecimal) of each plane of the input frame, expressed in the
           form "[c0 c1 c2 c3]".

   showpalette
       Displays the 256 colors palette of each frame. This filter is only relevant for pal8 pixel format frames.

       It accepts the following option:

       s   Set the size of the box used to represent one palette color entry. Default is 30 (for a "30x30" pixel
           box).

   shuffleframes
       Reorder and/or duplicate and/or drop video frames.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       mapping
           Set the destination indexes of input frames.  This is space or '|' separated list of indexes that
           maps input frames to output frames. Number of indexes also sets maximal value that each index may
           have.  '-1' index have special meaning and that is to drop frame.

       The first frame has the index 0. The default is to keep the input unchanged.

       Examples

       •   Swap second and third frame of every three frames of the input:

                   ffmpeg -i INPUT -vf "shuffleframes=0 2 1" OUTPUT

       •   Swap 10th and 1st frame of every ten frames of the input:

                   ffmpeg -i INPUT -vf "shuffleframes=9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0" OUTPUT

   shuffleplanes
       Reorder and/or duplicate video planes.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       map0
           The index of the input plane to be used as the first output plane.

       map1
           The index of the input plane to be used as the second output plane.

       map2
           The index of the input plane to be used as the third output plane.

       map3
           The index of the input plane to be used as the fourth output plane.

       The first plane has the index 0. The default is to keep the input unchanged.

       Examples

       •   Swap the second and third planes of the input:

                   ffmpeg -i INPUT -vf shuffleplanes=0:2:1:3 OUTPUT

   signalstats
       Evaluate various visual metrics that assist in determining issues associated with the digitization of
       analog video media.

       By default the filter will log these metadata values:

       YMIN
           Display the minimal Y value contained within the input frame. Expressed in range of [0-255].

       YLOW
           Display the Y value at the 10% percentile within the input frame. Expressed in range of [0-255].

       YAVG
           Display the average Y value within the input frame. Expressed in range of [0-255].

       YHIGH
           Display the Y value at the 90% percentile within the input frame. Expressed in range of [0-255].

       YMAX
           Display the maximum Y value contained within the input frame. Expressed in range of [0-255].

       UMIN
           Display the minimal U value contained within the input frame. Expressed in range of [0-255].

       ULOW
           Display the U value at the 10% percentile within the input frame. Expressed in range of [0-255].

       UAVG
           Display the average U value within the input frame. Expressed in range of [0-255].

       UHIGH
           Display the U value at the 90% percentile within the input frame. Expressed in range of [0-255].

       UMAX
           Display the maximum U value contained within the input frame. Expressed in range of [0-255].

       VMIN
           Display the minimal V value contained within the input frame. Expressed in range of [0-255].

       VLOW
           Display the V value at the 10% percentile within the input frame. Expressed in range of [0-255].

       VAVG
           Display the average V value within the input frame. Expressed in range of [0-255].

       VHIGH
           Display the V value at the 90% percentile within the input frame. Expressed in range of [0-255].

       VMAX
           Display the maximum V value contained within the input frame. Expressed in range of [0-255].

       SATMIN
           Display the minimal saturation value contained within the input frame.  Expressed in range of
           [0-~181.02].

       SATLOW
           Display the saturation value at the 10% percentile within the input frame.  Expressed in range of
           [0-~181.02].

       SATAVG
           Display the average saturation value within the input frame. Expressed in range of [0-~181.02].

       SATHIGH
           Display the saturation value at the 90% percentile within the input frame.  Expressed in range of
           [0-~181.02].

       SATMAX
           Display the maximum saturation value contained within the input frame.  Expressed in range of
           [0-~181.02].

       HUEMED
           Display the median value for hue within the input frame. Expressed in range of [0-360].

       HUEAVG
           Display the average value for hue within the input frame. Expressed in range of [0-360].

       YDIF
           Display the average of sample value difference between all values of the Y plane in the current frame
           and corresponding values of the previous input frame.  Expressed in range of [0-255].

       UDIF
           Display the average of sample value difference between all values of the U plane in the current frame
           and corresponding values of the previous input frame.  Expressed in range of [0-255].

       VDIF
           Display the average of sample value difference between all values of the V plane in the current frame
           and corresponding values of the previous input frame.  Expressed in range of [0-255].

       YBITDEPTH
           Display bit depth of Y plane in current frame.  Expressed in range of [0-16].

       UBITDEPTH
           Display bit depth of U plane in current frame.  Expressed in range of [0-16].

       VBITDEPTH
           Display bit depth of V plane in current frame.  Expressed in range of [0-16].

       The filter accepts the following options:

       stat
       out stat specify an additional form of image analysis.  out output video with the specified type of pixel
           highlighted.

           Both options accept the following values:

           tout
               Identify temporal outliers pixels. A temporal outlier is a pixel unlike the neighboring pixels of
               the same field. Examples of temporal outliers include the results of video dropouts, head clogs,
               or tape tracking issues.

           vrep
               Identify vertical line repetition. Vertical line repetition includes similar rows of pixels
               within a frame. In born-digital video vertical line repetition is common, but this pattern is
               uncommon in video digitized from an analog source. When it occurs in video that results from the
               digitization of an analog source it can indicate concealment from a dropout compensator.

           brng
               Identify pixels that fall outside of legal broadcast range.

       color, c
           Set the highlight color for the out option. The default color is yellow.

       Examples

       •   Output data of various video metrics:

                   ffprobe -f lavfi movie=example.mov,signalstats="stat=tout+vrep+brng" -show_frames

       •   Output specific data about the minimum and maximum values of the Y plane per frame:

                   ffprobe -f lavfi movie=example.mov,signalstats -show_entries frame_tags=lavfi.signalstats.YMAX,lavfi.signalstats.YMIN

       •   Playback video while highlighting pixels that are outside of broadcast range in red.

                   ffplay example.mov -vf signalstats="out=brng:color=red"

       •   Playback video with signalstats metadata drawn over the frame.

                   ffplay example.mov -vf signalstats=stat=brng+vrep+tout,drawtext=fontfile=FreeSerif.ttf:textfile=signalstat_drawtext.txt

           The contents of signalstat_drawtext.txt used in the command are:

                   time %{pts:hms}
                   Y (%{metadata:lavfi.signalstats.YMIN}-%{metadata:lavfi.signalstats.YMAX})
                   U (%{metadata:lavfi.signalstats.UMIN}-%{metadata:lavfi.signalstats.UMAX})
                   V (%{metadata:lavfi.signalstats.VMIN}-%{metadata:lavfi.signalstats.VMAX})
                   saturation maximum: %{metadata:lavfi.signalstats.SATMAX}

   signature
       Calculates the MPEG-7 Video Signature. The filter can handle more than one input. In this case the
       matching between the inputs can be calculated additionally.  The filter always passes through the first
       input. The signature of each stream can be written into a file.

       It accepts the following options:

       detectmode
           Enable or disable the matching process.

           Available values are:

           off Disable the calculation of a matching (default).

           full
               Calculate the matching for the whole video and output whether the whole video matches or only
               parts.

           fast
               Calculate only until a matching is found or the video ends. Should be faster in some cases.

       nb_inputs
           Set the number of inputs. The option value must be a non negative integer.  Default value is 1.

       filename
           Set the path to which the output is written. If there is more than one input, the path must be a
           prototype, i.e. must contain %d or %0nd (where n is a positive integer), that will be replaced with
           the input number. If no filename is specified, no output will be written. This is the default.

       format
           Choose the output format.

           Available values are:

           binary
               Use the specified binary representation (default).

           xml Use the specified xml representation.

       th_d
           Set threshold to detect one word as similar. The option value must be an integer greater than zero.
           The default value is 9000.

       th_dc
           Set threshold to detect all words as similar. The option value must be an integer greater than zero.
           The default value is 60000.

       th_xh
           Set threshold to detect frames as similar. The option value must be an integer greater than zero. The
           default value is 116.

       th_di
           Set the minimum length of a sequence in frames to recognize it as matching sequence. The option value
           must be a non negative integer value.  The default value is 0.

       th_it
           Set the minimum relation, that matching frames to all frames must have.  The option value must be a
           double value between 0 and 1. The default value is 0.5.

       Examples

       •   To calculate the signature of an input video and store it in signature.bin:

                   ffmpeg -i input.mkv -vf signature=filename=signature.bin -map 0:v -f null -

       •   To detect whether two videos match and store the signatures in XML format in signature0.xml and
           signature1.xml:

                   ffmpeg -i input1.mkv -i input2.mkv -filter_complex "[0:v][1:v] signature=nb_inputs=2:detectmode=full:format=xml:filename=signature%d.xml" -map :v -f null -

   smartblur
       Blur the input video without impacting the outlines.

       It accepts the following options:

       luma_radius, lr
           Set the luma radius. The option value must be a float number in the range [0.1,5.0] that specifies
           the variance of the gaussian filter used to blur the image (slower if larger). Default value is 1.0.

       luma_strength, ls
           Set the luma strength. The option value must be a float number in the range [-1.0,1.0] that
           configures the blurring. A value included in [0.0,1.0] will blur the image whereas a value included
           in [-1.0,0.0] will sharpen the image. Default value is 1.0.

       luma_threshold, lt
           Set the luma threshold used as a coefficient to determine whether a pixel should be blurred or not.
           The option value must be an integer in the range [-30,30]. A value of 0 will filter all the image, a
           value included in [0,30] will filter flat areas and a value included in [-30,0] will filter edges.
           Default value is 0.

       chroma_radius, cr
           Set the chroma radius. The option value must be a float number in the range [0.1,5.0] that specifies
           the variance of the gaussian filter used to blur the image (slower if larger). Default value is
           luma_radius.

       chroma_strength, cs
           Set the chroma strength. The option value must be a float number in the range [-1.0,1.0] that
           configures the blurring. A value included in [0.0,1.0] will blur the image whereas a value included
           in [-1.0,0.0] will sharpen the image. Default value is luma_strength.

       chroma_threshold, ct
           Set the chroma threshold used as a coefficient to determine whether a pixel should be blurred or not.
           The option value must be an integer in the range [-30,30]. A value of 0 will filter all the image, a
           value included in [0,30] will filter flat areas and a value included in [-30,0] will filter edges.
           Default value is luma_threshold.

       If a chroma option is not explicitly set, the corresponding luma value is set.

   ssim
       Obtain the SSIM (Structural SImilarity Metric) between two input videos.

       This filter takes in input two input videos, the first input is considered the "main" source and is
       passed unchanged to the output. The second input is used as a "reference" video for computing the SSIM.

       Both video inputs must have the same resolution and pixel format for this filter to work correctly. Also
       it assumes that both inputs have the same number of frames, which are compared one by one.

       The filter stores the calculated SSIM of each frame.

       The description of the accepted parameters follows.

       stats_file, f
           If specified the filter will use the named file to save the SSIM of each individual frame. When
           filename equals "-" the data is sent to standard output.

       The file printed if stats_file is selected, contains a sequence of key/value pairs of the form key:value
       for each compared couple of frames.

       A description of each shown parameter follows:

       n   sequential number of the input frame, starting from 1

       Y, U, V, R, G, B
           SSIM of the compared frames for the component specified by the suffix.

       All SSIM of the compared frames for the whole frame.

       dB  Same as above but in dB representation.

       This filter also supports the framesync options.

       For example:

               movie=ref_movie.mpg, setpts=PTS-STARTPTS [main];
               [main][ref] ssim="stats_file=stats.log" [out]

       On this example the input file being processed is compared with the reference file ref_movie.mpg. The
       SSIM of each individual frame is stored in stats.log.

       Another example with both psnr and ssim at same time:

               ffmpeg -i main.mpg -i ref.mpg -lavfi  "ssim;[0:v][1:v]psnr" -f null -

   stereo3d
       Convert between different stereoscopic image formats.

       The filters accept the following options:

       in  Set stereoscopic image format of input.

           Available values for input image formats are:

           sbsl
               side by side parallel (left eye left, right eye right)

           sbsr
               side by side crosseye (right eye left, left eye right)

           sbs2l
               side by side parallel with half width resolution (left eye left, right eye right)

           sbs2r
               side by side crosseye with half width resolution (right eye left, left eye right)

           abl above-below (left eye above, right eye below)

           abr above-below (right eye above, left eye below)

           ab2l
               above-below with half height resolution (left eye above, right eye below)

           ab2r
               above-below with half height resolution (right eye above, left eye below)

           al  alternating frames (left eye first, right eye second)

           ar  alternating frames (right eye first, left eye second)

           irl interleaved rows (left eye has top row, right eye starts on next row)

           irr interleaved rows (right eye has top row, left eye starts on next row)

           icl interleaved columns, left eye first

           icr interleaved columns, right eye first

               Default value is sbsl.

       out Set stereoscopic image format of output.

           sbsl
               side by side parallel (left eye left, right eye right)

           sbsr
               side by side crosseye (right eye left, left eye right)

           sbs2l
               side by side parallel with half width resolution (left eye left, right eye right)

           sbs2r
               side by side crosseye with half width resolution (right eye left, left eye right)

           abl above-below (left eye above, right eye below)

           abr above-below (right eye above, left eye below)

           ab2l
               above-below with half height resolution (left eye above, right eye below)

           ab2r
               above-below with half height resolution (right eye above, left eye below)

           al  alternating frames (left eye first, right eye second)

           ar  alternating frames (right eye first, left eye second)

           irl interleaved rows (left eye has top row, right eye starts on next row)

           irr interleaved rows (right eye has top row, left eye starts on next row)

           arbg
               anaglyph red/blue gray (red filter on left eye, blue filter on right eye)

           argg
               anaglyph red/green gray (red filter on left eye, green filter on right eye)

           arcg
               anaglyph red/cyan gray (red filter on left eye, cyan filter on right eye)

           arch
               anaglyph red/cyan half colored (red filter on left eye, cyan filter on right eye)

           arcc
               anaglyph red/cyan color (red filter on left eye, cyan filter on right eye)

           arcd
               anaglyph red/cyan color optimized with the least squares projection of dubois (red filter on left
               eye, cyan filter on right eye)

           agmg
               anaglyph green/magenta gray (green filter on left eye, magenta filter on right eye)

           agmh
               anaglyph green/magenta half colored (green filter on left eye, magenta filter on right eye)

           agmc
               anaglyph green/magenta colored (green filter on left eye, magenta filter on right eye)

           agmd
               anaglyph green/magenta color optimized with the least squares projection of dubois (green filter
               on left eye, magenta filter on right eye)

           aybg
               anaglyph yellow/blue gray (yellow filter on left eye, blue filter on right eye)

           aybh
               anaglyph yellow/blue half colored (yellow filter on left eye, blue filter on right eye)

           aybc
               anaglyph yellow/blue colored (yellow filter on left eye, blue filter on right eye)

           aybd
               anaglyph yellow/blue color optimized with the least squares projection of dubois (yellow filter
               on left eye, blue filter on right eye)

           ml  mono output (left eye only)

           mr  mono output (right eye only)

           chl checkerboard, left eye first

           chr checkerboard, right eye first

           icl interleaved columns, left eye first

           icr interleaved columns, right eye first

           hdmi
               HDMI frame pack

           Default value is arcd.

       Examples

       •   Convert input video from side by side parallel to anaglyph yellow/blue dubois:

                   stereo3d=sbsl:aybd

       •   Convert input video from above below (left eye above, right eye below) to side by side crosseye.

                   stereo3d=abl:sbsr

   streamselect, astreamselect
       Select video or audio streams.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       inputs
           Set number of inputs. Default is 2.

       map Set input indexes to remap to outputs.

       Commands

       The "streamselect" and "astreamselect" filter supports the following commands:

       map Set input indexes to remap to outputs.

       Examples

       •   Select first 5 seconds 1st stream and rest of time 2nd stream:

                   sendcmd='5.0 streamselect map 1',streamselect=inputs=2:map=0

       •   Same as above, but for audio:

                   asendcmd='5.0 astreamselect map 1',astreamselect=inputs=2:map=0

   sobel
       Apply sobel operator to input video stream.

       The filter accepts the following option:

       planes
           Set which planes will be processed, unprocessed planes will be copied.  By default value 0xf, all
           planes will be processed.

       scale
           Set value which will be multiplied with filtered result.

       delta
           Set value which will be added to filtered result.

   spp
       Apply a simple postprocessing filter that compresses and decompresses the image at several (or - in the
       case of quality level 6 - all) shifts and average the results.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       quality
           Set quality. This option defines the number of levels for averaging. It accepts an integer in the
           range 0-6. If set to 0, the filter will have no effect. A value of 6 means the higher quality. For
           each increment of that value the speed drops by a factor of approximately 2.  Default value is 3.

       qp  Force a constant quantization parameter. If not set, the filter will use the QP from the video stream
           (if available).

       mode
           Set thresholding mode. Available modes are:

           hard
               Set hard thresholding (default).

           soft
               Set soft thresholding (better de-ringing effect, but likely blurrier).

       use_bframe_qp
           Enable the use of the QP from the B-Frames if set to 1. Using this option may cause flicker since the
           B-Frames have often larger QP. Default is 0 (not enabled).

   subtitles
       Draw subtitles on top of input video using the libass library.

       To enable compilation of this filter you need to configure FFmpeg with "--enable-libass". This filter
       also requires a build with libavcodec and libavformat to convert the passed subtitles file to ASS
       (Advanced Substation Alpha) subtitles format.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       filename, f
           Set the filename of the subtitle file to read. It must be specified.

       original_size
           Specify the size of the original video, the video for which the ASS file was composed. For the syntax
           of this option, check the "Video size" section in the ffmpeg-utils manual.  Due to a misdesign in ASS
           aspect ratio arithmetic, this is necessary to correctly scale the fonts if the aspect ratio has been
           changed.

       fontsdir
           Set a directory path containing fonts that can be used by the filter.  These fonts will be used in
           addition to whatever the font provider uses.

       alpha
           Process alpha channel, by default alpha channel is untouched.

       charenc
           Set subtitles input character encoding. "subtitles" filter only. Only useful if not UTF-8.

       stream_index, si
           Set subtitles stream index. "subtitles" filter only.

       force_style
           Override default style or script info parameters of the subtitles. It accepts a string containing ASS
           style format "KEY=VALUE" couples separated by ",".

       If the first key is not specified, it is assumed that the first value specifies the filename.

       For example, to render the file sub.srt on top of the input video, use the command:

               subtitles=sub.srt

       which is equivalent to:

               subtitles=filename=sub.srt

       To render the default subtitles stream from file video.mkv, use:

               subtitles=video.mkv

       To render the second subtitles stream from that file, use:

               subtitles=video.mkv:si=1

       To make the subtitles stream from sub.srt appear in transparent green "DejaVu Serif", use:

               subtitles=sub.srt:force_style='FontName=DejaVu Serif,PrimaryColour=&HAA00FF00'

   super2xsai
       Scale the input by 2x and smooth using the Super2xSaI (Scale and Interpolate) pixel art scaling
       algorithm.

       Useful for enlarging pixel art images without reducing sharpness.

   swaprect
       Swap two rectangular objects in video.

       This filter accepts the following options:

       w   Set object width.

       h   Set object height.

       x1  Set 1st rect x coordinate.

       y1  Set 1st rect y coordinate.

       x2  Set 2nd rect x coordinate.

       y2  Set 2nd rect y coordinate.

           All expressions are evaluated once for each frame.

       The all options are expressions containing the following constants:

       w
       h   The input width and height.

       a   same as w / h

       sar input sample aspect ratio

       dar input display aspect ratio, it is the same as (w / h) * sar

       n   The number of the input frame, starting from 0.

       t   The timestamp expressed in seconds. It's NAN if the input timestamp is unknown.

       pos the position in the file of the input frame, NAN if unknown

   swapuv
       Swap U & V plane.

   telecine
       Apply telecine process to the video.

       This filter accepts the following options:

       first_field
           top, t
               top field first

           bottom, b
               bottom field first The default value is "top".

       pattern
           A string of numbers representing the pulldown pattern you wish to apply.  The default value is 23.

               Some typical patterns:

               NTSC output (30i):
               27.5p: 32222
               24p: 23 (classic)
               24p: 2332 (preferred)
               20p: 33
               18p: 334
               16p: 3444

               PAL output (25i):
               27.5p: 12222
               24p: 222222222223 ("Euro pulldown")
               16.67p: 33
               16p: 33333334

   threshold
       Apply threshold effect to video stream.

       This filter needs four video streams to perform thresholding.  First stream is stream we are filtering.
       Second stream is holding threshold values, third stream is holding min values, and last, fourth stream is
       holding max values.

       The filter accepts the following option:

       planes
           Set which planes will be processed, unprocessed planes will be copied.  By default value 0xf, all
           planes will be processed.

       For example if first stream pixel's component value is less then threshold value of pixel component from
       2nd threshold stream, third stream value will picked, otherwise fourth stream pixel component value will
       be picked.

       Using color source filter one can perform various types of thresholding:

       Examples

       •   Binary threshold, using gray color as threshold:

                   ffmpeg -i 320x240.avi -f lavfi -i color=gray -f lavfi -i color=black -f lavfi -i color=white -lavfi threshold output.avi

       •   Inverted binary threshold, using gray color as threshold:

                   ffmpeg -i 320x240.avi -f lavfi -i color=gray -f lavfi -i color=white -f lavfi -i color=black -lavfi threshold output.avi

       •   Truncate binary threshold, using gray color as threshold:

                   ffmpeg -i 320x240.avi -f lavfi -i color=gray -i 320x240.avi -f lavfi -i color=gray -lavfi threshold output.avi

       •   Threshold to zero, using gray color as threshold:

                   ffmpeg -i 320x240.avi -f lavfi -i color=gray -f lavfi -i color=white -i 320x240.avi -lavfi threshold output.avi

       •   Inverted threshold to zero, using gray color as threshold:

                   ffmpeg -i 320x240.avi -f lavfi -i color=gray -i 320x240.avi -f lavfi -i color=white -lavfi threshold output.avi

   thumbnail
       Select the most representative frame in a given sequence of consecutive frames.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       n   Set the frames batch size to analyze; in a set of n frames, the filter will pick one of them, and
           then handle the next batch of n frames until the end. Default is 100.

       Since the filter keeps track of the whole frames sequence, a bigger n value will result in a higher
       memory usage, so a high value is not recommended.

       Examples

       •   Extract one picture each 50 frames:

                   thumbnail=50

       •   Complete example of a thumbnail creation with ffmpeg:

                   ffmpeg -i in.avi -vf thumbnail,scale=300:200 -frames:v 1 out.png

   tile
       Tile several successive frames together.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       layout
           Set the grid size (i.e. the number of lines and columns). For the syntax of this option, check the
           "Video size" section in the ffmpeg-utils manual.

       nb_frames
           Set the maximum number of frames to render in the given area. It must be less than or equal to wxh.
           The default value is 0, meaning all the area will be used.

       margin
           Set the outer border margin in pixels.

       padding
           Set the inner border thickness (i.e. the number of pixels between frames). For more advanced padding
           options (such as having different values for the edges), refer to the pad video filter.

       color
           Specify the color of the unused area. For the syntax of this option, check the "Color" section in the
           ffmpeg-utils manual. The default value of color is "black".

       Examples

       •   Produce 8x8 PNG tiles of all keyframes (-skip_frame nokey) in a movie:

                   ffmpeg -skip_frame nokey -i file.avi -vf 'scale=128:72,tile=8x8' -an -vsync 0 keyframes%03d.png

           The -vsync 0 is necessary to prevent ffmpeg from duplicating each output frame to accommodate the
           originally detected frame rate.

       •   Display 5 pictures in an area of "3x2" frames, with 7 pixels between them, and 2 pixels of initial
           margin, using mixed flat and named options:

                   tile=3x2:nb_frames=5:padding=7:margin=2

   tinterlace
       Perform various types of temporal field interlacing.

       Frames are counted starting from 1, so the first input frame is considered odd.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       mode
           Specify the mode of the interlacing. This option can also be specified as a value alone. See below
           for a list of values for this option.

           Available values are:

           merge, 0
               Move odd frames into the upper field, even into the lower field, generating a double height frame
               at half frame rate.

                        ------> time
                       Input:
                       Frame 1         Frame 2         Frame 3         Frame 4

                       11111           22222           33333           44444
                       11111           22222           33333           44444
                       11111           22222           33333           44444
                       11111           22222           33333           44444

                       Output:
                       11111                           33333
                       22222                           44444
                       11111                           33333
                       22222                           44444
                       11111                           33333
                       22222                           44444
                       11111                           33333
                       22222                           44444

           drop_even, 1
               Only output odd frames, even frames are dropped, generating a frame with unchanged height at half
               frame rate.

                        ------> time
                       Input:
                       Frame 1         Frame 2         Frame 3         Frame 4

                       11111           22222           33333           44444
                       11111           22222           33333           44444
                       11111           22222           33333           44444
                       11111           22222           33333           44444

                       Output:
                       11111                           33333
                       11111                           33333
                       11111                           33333
                       11111                           33333

           drop_odd, 2
               Only output even frames, odd frames are dropped, generating a frame with unchanged height at half
               frame rate.

                        ------> time
                       Input:
                       Frame 1         Frame 2         Frame 3         Frame 4

                       11111           22222           33333           44444
                       11111           22222           33333           44444
                       11111           22222           33333           44444
                       11111           22222           33333           44444

                       Output:
                                       22222                           44444
                                       22222                           44444
                                       22222                           44444
                                       22222                           44444

           pad, 3
               Expand each frame to full height, but pad alternate lines with black, generating a frame with
               double height at the same input frame rate.

                        ------> time
                       Input:
                       Frame 1         Frame 2         Frame 3         Frame 4

                       11111           22222           33333           44444
                       11111           22222           33333           44444
                       11111           22222           33333           44444
                       11111           22222           33333           44444

                       Output:
                       11111           .....           33333           .....
                       .....           22222           .....           44444
                       11111           .....           33333           .....
                       .....           22222           .....           44444
                       11111           .....           33333           .....
                       .....           22222           .....           44444
                       11111           .....           33333           .....
                       .....           22222           .....           44444

           interleave_top, 4
               Interleave the upper field from odd frames with the lower field from even frames, generating a
               frame with unchanged height at half frame rate.

                        ------> time
                       Input:
                       Frame 1         Frame 2         Frame 3         Frame 4

                       11111<-         22222           33333<-         44444
                       11111           22222<-         33333           44444<-
                       11111<-         22222           33333<-         44444
                       11111           22222<-         33333           44444<-

                       Output:
                       11111                           33333
                       22222                           44444
                       11111                           33333
                       22222                           44444

           interleave_bottom, 5
               Interleave the lower field from odd frames with the upper field from even frames, generating a
               frame with unchanged height at half frame rate.

                        ------> time
                       Input:
                       Frame 1         Frame 2         Frame 3         Frame 4

                       11111           22222<-         33333           44444<-
                       11111<-         22222           33333<-         44444
                       11111           22222<-         33333           44444<-
                       11111<-         22222           33333<-         44444

                       Output:
                       22222                           44444
                       11111                           33333
                       22222                           44444
                       11111                           33333

           interlacex2, 6
               Double frame rate with unchanged height. Frames are inserted each containing the second temporal
               field from the previous input frame and the first temporal field from the next input frame. This
               mode relies on the top_field_first flag. Useful for interlaced video displays with no field
               synchronisation.

                        ------> time
                       Input:
                       Frame 1         Frame 2         Frame 3         Frame 4

                       11111           22222           33333           44444
                        11111           22222           33333           44444
                       11111           22222           33333           44444
                        11111           22222           33333           44444

                       Output:
                       11111   22222   22222   33333   33333   44444   44444
                        11111   11111   22222   22222   33333   33333   44444
                       11111   22222   22222   33333   33333   44444   44444
                        11111   11111   22222   22222   33333   33333   44444

           mergex2, 7
               Move odd frames into the upper field, even into the lower field, generating a double height frame
               at same frame rate.

                        ------> time
                       Input:
                       Frame 1         Frame 2         Frame 3         Frame 4

                       11111           22222           33333           44444
                       11111           22222           33333           44444
                       11111           22222           33333           44444
                       11111           22222           33333           44444

                       Output:
                       11111           33333           33333           55555
                       22222           22222           44444           44444
                       11111           33333           33333           55555
                       22222           22222           44444           44444
                       11111           33333           33333           55555
                       22222           22222           44444           44444
                       11111           33333           33333           55555
                       22222           22222           44444           44444

           Numeric values are deprecated but are accepted for backward compatibility reasons.

           Default mode is "merge".

       flags
           Specify flags influencing the filter process.

           Available value for flags is:

           low_pass_filter, vlfp
               Enable linear vertical low-pass filtering in the filter.  Vertical low-pass filtering is required
               when creating an interlaced destination from a progressive source which contains high-frequency
               vertical detail. Filtering will reduce interlace 'twitter' and Moire patterning.

           complex_filter, cvlfp
               Enable complex vertical low-pass filtering.  This will slightly less reduce interlace 'twitter'
               and Moire patterning but better retain detail and subjective sharpness impression.

           Vertical low-pass filtering can only be enabled for mode interleave_top and interleave_bottom.

   tonemap
       Tone map colors from different dynamic ranges.

       This filter expects data in single precision floating point, as it needs to operate on (and can output)
       out-of-range values. Another filter, such as zscale, is needed to convert the resulting frame to a usable
       format.

       The tonemapping algorithms implemented only work on linear light, so input data should be linearized
       beforehand (and possibly correctly tagged).

               ffmpeg -i INPUT -vf zscale=transfer=linear,tonemap=clip,zscale=transfer=bt709,format=yuv420p OUTPUT

       Options

       The filter accepts the following options.

       tonemap
           Set the tone map algorithm to use.

           Possible values are:

           none
               Do not apply any tone map, only desaturate overbright pixels.

           clip
               Hard-clip any out-of-range values. Use it for perfect color accuracy for in-range values, while
               distorting out-of-range values.

           linear
               Stretch the entire reference gamut to a linear multiple of the display.

           gamma
               Fit a logarithmic transfer between the tone curves.

           reinhard
               Preserve overall image brightness with a simple curve, using nonlinear contrast, which results in
               flattening details and degrading color accuracy.

           hable
               Preserve both dark and bright details better than reinhard, at the cost of slightly darkening
               everything. Use it when detail preservation is more important than color and brightness accuracy.

           mobius
               Smoothly map out-of-range values, while retaining contrast and colors for in-range material as
               much as possible. Use it when color accuracy is more important than detail preservation.

           Default is none.

       param
           Tune the tone mapping algorithm.

           This affects the following algorithms:

           none
               Ignored.

           linear
               Specifies the scale factor to use while stretching.  Default to 1.0.

           gamma
               Specifies the exponent of the function.  Default to 1.8.

           clip
               Specify an extra linear coefficient to multiply into the signal before clipping.  Default to 1.0.

           reinhard
               Specify the local contrast coefficient at the display peak.  Default to 0.5, which means that in-
               gamut values will be about half as bright as when clipping.

           hable
               Ignored.

           mobius
               Specify the transition point from linear to mobius transform. Every value below this point is
               guaranteed to be mapped 1:1. The higher the value, the more accurate the result will be, at the
               cost of losing bright details.  Default to 0.3, which due to the steep initial slope still
               preserves in-range colors fairly accurately.

       desat
           Apply desaturation for highlights that exceed this level of brightness. The higher the parameter, the
           more color information will be preserved. This setting helps prevent unnaturally blown-out colors for
           super-highlights, by (smoothly) turning into white instead. This makes images feel more natural, at
           the cost of reducing information about out-of-range colors.

           The default of 2.0 is somewhat conservative and will mostly just apply to skies or directly sunlit
           surfaces. A setting of 0.0 disables this option.

           This option works only if the input frame has a supported color tag.

       peak
           Override signal/nominal/reference peak with this value. Useful when the embedded peak information in
           display metadata is not reliable or when tone mapping from a lower range to a higher range.

   transpose
       Transpose rows with columns in the input video and optionally flip it.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       dir Specify the transposition direction.

           Can assume the following values:

           0, 4, cclock_flip
               Rotate by 90 degrees counterclockwise and vertically flip (default), that is:

                       L.R     L.l
                       . . ->  . .
                       l.r     R.r

           1, 5, clock
               Rotate by 90 degrees clockwise, that is:

                       L.R     l.L
                       . . ->  . .
                       l.r     r.R

           2, 6, cclock
               Rotate by 90 degrees counterclockwise, that is:

                       L.R     R.r
                       . . ->  . .
                       l.r     L.l

           3, 7, clock_flip
               Rotate by 90 degrees clockwise and vertically flip, that is:

                       L.R     r.R
                       . . ->  . .
                       l.r     l.L

           For values between 4-7, the transposition is only done if the input video geometry is portrait and
           not landscape. These values are deprecated, the "passthrough" option should be used instead.

           Numerical values are deprecated, and should be dropped in favor of symbolic constants.

       passthrough
           Do not apply the transposition if the input geometry matches the one specified by the specified
           value. It accepts the following values:

           none
               Always apply transposition.

           portrait
               Preserve portrait geometry (when height >= width).

           landscape
               Preserve landscape geometry (when width >= height).

           Default value is "none".

       For example to rotate by 90 degrees clockwise and preserve portrait layout:

               transpose=dir=1:passthrough=portrait

       The command above can also be specified as:

               transpose=1:portrait

   trim
       Trim the input so that the output contains one continuous subpart of the input.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       start
           Specify the time of the start of the kept section, i.e. the frame with the timestamp start will be
           the first frame in the output.

       end Specify the time of the first frame that will be dropped, i.e. the frame immediately preceding the
           one with the timestamp end will be the last frame in the output.

       start_pts
           This is the same as start, except this option sets the start timestamp in timebase units instead of
           seconds.

       end_pts
           This is the same as end, except this option sets the end timestamp in timebase units instead of
           seconds.

       duration
           The maximum duration of the output in seconds.

       start_frame
           The number of the first frame that should be passed to the output.

       end_frame
           The number of the first frame that should be dropped.

       start, end, and duration are expressed as time duration specifications; see the Time duration section in
       the ffmpeg-utils(1) manual for the accepted syntax.

       Note that the first two sets of the start/end options and the duration option look at the frame
       timestamp, while the _frame variants simply count the frames that pass through the filter. Also note that
       this filter does not modify the timestamps. If you wish for the output timestamps to start at zero,
       insert a setpts filter after the trim filter.

       If multiple start or end options are set, this filter tries to be greedy and keep all the frames that
       match at least one of the specified constraints. To keep only the part that matches all the constraints
       at once, chain multiple trim filters.

       The defaults are such that all the input is kept. So it is possible to set e.g.  just the end values to
       keep everything before the specified time.

       Examples:

       •   Drop everything except the second minute of input:

                   ffmpeg -i INPUT -vf trim=60:120

       •   Keep only the first second:

                   ffmpeg -i INPUT -vf trim=duration=1

   unpremultiply
       Apply alpha unpremultiply effect to input video stream using first plane of second stream as alpha.

       Both streams must have same dimensions and same pixel format.

       The filter accepts the following option:

       planes
           Set which planes will be processed, unprocessed planes will be copied.  By default value 0xf, all
           planes will be processed.

           If the format has 1 or 2 components, then luma is bit 0.  If the format has 3 or 4 components: for
           RGB formats bit 0 is green, bit 1 is blue and bit 2 is red; for YUV formats bit 0 is luma, bit 1 is
           chroma-U and bit 2 is chroma-V.  If present, the alpha channel is always the last bit.

       inplace
           Do not require 2nd input for processing, instead use alpha plane from input stream.

   unsharp
       Sharpen or blur the input video.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       luma_msize_x, lx
           Set the luma matrix horizontal size. It must be an odd integer between 3 and 23. The default value is
           5.

       luma_msize_y, ly
           Set the luma matrix vertical size. It must be an odd integer between 3 and 23. The default value is
           5.

       luma_amount, la
           Set the luma effect strength. It must be a floating point number, reasonable values lay between -1.5
           and 1.5.

           Negative values will blur the input video, while positive values will sharpen it, a value of zero
           will disable the effect.

           Default value is 1.0.

       chroma_msize_x, cx
           Set the chroma matrix horizontal size. It must be an odd integer between 3 and 23. The default value
           is 5.

       chroma_msize_y, cy
           Set the chroma matrix vertical size. It must be an odd integer between 3 and 23. The default value is
           5.

       chroma_amount, ca
           Set the chroma effect strength. It must be a floating point number, reasonable values lay between
           -1.5 and 1.5.

           Negative values will blur the input video, while positive values will sharpen it, a value of zero
           will disable the effect.

           Default value is 0.0.

       opencl
           If set to 1, specify using OpenCL capabilities, only available if FFmpeg was configured with
           "--enable-opencl". Default value is 0.

       All parameters are optional and default to the equivalent of the string '5:5:1.0:5:5:0.0'.

       Examples

       •   Apply strong luma sharpen effect:

                   unsharp=luma_msize_x=7:luma_msize_y=7:luma_amount=2.5

       •   Apply a strong blur of both luma and chroma parameters:

                   unsharp=7:7:-2:7:7:-2

   uspp
       Apply ultra slow/simple postprocessing filter that compresses and decompresses the image at several (or -
       in the case of quality level 8 - all) shifts and average the results.

       The way this differs from the behavior of spp is that uspp actually encodes & decodes each case with
       libavcodec Snow, whereas spp uses a simplified intra only 8x8 DCT similar to MJPEG.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       quality
           Set quality. This option defines the number of levels for averaging. It accepts an integer in the
           range 0-8. If set to 0, the filter will have no effect. A value of 8 means the higher quality. For
           each increment of that value the speed drops by a factor of approximately 2.  Default value is 3.

       qp  Force a constant quantization parameter. If not set, the filter will use the QP from the video stream
           (if available).

   vaguedenoiser
       Apply a wavelet based denoiser.

       It transforms each frame from the video input into the wavelet domain, using Cohen-Daubechies-Feauveau
       9/7. Then it applies some filtering to the obtained coefficients. It does an inverse wavelet transform
       after.  Due to wavelet properties, it should give a nice smoothed result, and reduced noise, without
       blurring picture features.

       This filter accepts the following options:

       threshold
           The filtering strength. The higher, the more filtered the video will be.  Hard thresholding can use a
           higher threshold than soft thresholding before the video looks overfiltered. Default value is 2.

       method
           The filtering method the filter will use.

           It accepts the following values:

           hard
               All values under the threshold will be zeroed.

           soft
               All values under the threshold will be zeroed. All values above will be reduced by the threshold.

           garrote
               Scales or nullifies coefficients - intermediary between (more) soft and (less) hard thresholding.

           Default is garrote.

       nsteps
           Number of times, the wavelet will decompose the picture. Picture can't be decomposed beyond a
           particular point (typically, 8 for a 640x480 frame - as 2^9 = 512 > 480). Valid values are integers
           between 1 and 32. Default value is 6.

       percent
           Partial of full denoising (limited coefficients shrinking), from 0 to 100. Default value is 85.

       planes
           A list of the planes to process. By default all planes are processed.

   vectorscope
       Display 2 color component values in the two dimensional graph (which is called a vectorscope).

       This filter accepts the following options:

       mode, m
           Set vectorscope mode.

           It accepts the following values:

           gray
               Gray values are displayed on graph, higher brightness means more pixels have same component color
               value on location in graph. This is the default mode.

           color
               Gray values are displayed on graph. Surrounding pixels values which are not present in video
               frame are drawn in gradient of 2 color components which are set by option "x" and "y". The 3rd
               color component is static.

           color2
               Actual color components values present in video frame are displayed on graph.

           color3
               Similar as color2 but higher frequency of same values "x" and "y" on graph increases value of
               another color component, which is luminance by default values of "x" and "y".

           color4
               Actual colors present in video frame are displayed on graph. If two different colors map to same
               position on graph then color with higher value of component not present in graph is picked.

           color5
               Gray values are displayed on graph. Similar to "color" but with 3rd color component picked from
               radial gradient.

       x   Set which color component will be represented on X-axis. Default is 1.

       y   Set which color component will be represented on Y-axis. Default is 2.

       intensity, i
           Set intensity, used by modes: gray, color, color3 and color5 for increasing brightness of color
           component which represents frequency of (X, Y) location in graph.

       envelope, e
           none
               No envelope, this is default.

           instant
               Instant envelope, even darkest single pixel will be clearly highlighted.

           peak
               Hold maximum and minimum values presented in graph over time. This way you can still spot out of
               range values without constantly looking at vectorscope.

           peak+instant
               Peak and instant envelope combined together.

       graticule, g
           Set what kind of graticule to draw.

           none
           green
           color
       opacity, o
           Set graticule opacity.

       flags, f
           Set graticule flags.

           white
               Draw graticule for white point.

           black
               Draw graticule for black point.

           name
               Draw color points short names.

       bgopacity, b
           Set background opacity.

       lthreshold, l
           Set low threshold for color component not represented on X or Y axis.  Values lower than this value
           will be ignored. Default is 0.  Note this value is multiplied with actual max possible value one
           pixel component can have. So for 8-bit input and low threshold value of 0.1 actual threshold is 0.1 *
           255 = 25.

       hthreshold, h
           Set high threshold for color component not represented on X or Y axis.  Values higher than this value
           will be ignored. Default is 1.  Note this value is multiplied with actual max possible value one
           pixel component can have. So for 8-bit input and high threshold value of 0.9 actual threshold is 0.9
           * 255 = 230.

       colorspace, c
           Set what kind of colorspace to use when drawing graticule.

           auto
           601
           709

           Default is auto.

   vidstabdetect
       Analyze video stabilization/deshaking. Perform pass 1 of 2, see vidstabtransform for pass 2.

       This filter generates a file with relative translation and rotation transform information about
       subsequent frames, which is then used by the vidstabtransform filter.

       To enable compilation of this filter you need to configure FFmpeg with "--enable-libvidstab".

       This filter accepts the following options:

       result
           Set the path to the file used to write the transforms information.  Default value is transforms.trf.

       shakiness
           Set how shaky the video is and how quick the camera is. It accepts an integer in the range 1-10, a
           value of 1 means little shakiness, a value of 10 means strong shakiness. Default value is 5.

       accuracy
           Set the accuracy of the detection process. It must be a value in the range 1-15. A value of 1 means
           low accuracy, a value of 15 means high accuracy. Default value is 15.

       stepsize
           Set stepsize of the search process. The region around minimum is scanned with 1 pixel resolution.
           Default value is 6.

       mincontrast
           Set minimum contrast. Below this value a local measurement field is discarded. Must be a floating
           point value in the range 0-1. Default value is 0.3.

       tripod
           Set reference frame number for tripod mode.

           If enabled, the motion of the frames is compared to a reference frame in the filtered stream,
           identified by the specified number. The idea is to compensate all movements in a more-or-less static
           scene and keep the camera view absolutely still.

           If set to 0, it is disabled. The frames are counted starting from 1.

       show
           Show fields and transforms in the resulting frames. It accepts an integer in the range 0-2. Default
           value is 0, which disables any visualization.

       Examples

       •   Use default values:

                   vidstabdetect

       •   Analyze strongly shaky movie and put the results in file mytransforms.trf:

                   vidstabdetect=shakiness=10:accuracy=15:result="mytransforms.trf"

       •   Visualize the result of internal transformations in the resulting video:

                   vidstabdetect=show=1

       •   Analyze a video with medium shakiness using ffmpeg:

                   ffmpeg -i input -vf vidstabdetect=shakiness=5:show=1 dummy.avi

   vidstabtransform
       Video stabilization/deshaking: pass 2 of 2, see vidstabdetect for pass 1.

       Read a file with transform information for each frame and apply/compensate them. Together with the
       vidstabdetect filter this can be used to deshake videos. See also <http://public.hronopik.de/vid.stab>.
       It is important to also use the unsharp filter, see below.

       To enable compilation of this filter you need to configure FFmpeg with "--enable-libvidstab".

       Options

       input
           Set path to the file used to read the transforms. Default value is transforms.trf.

       smoothing
           Set the number of frames (value*2 + 1) used for lowpass filtering the camera movements. Default value
           is 10.

           For example a number of 10 means that 21 frames are used (10 in the past and 10 in the future) to
           smoothen the motion in the video. A larger value leads to a smoother video, but limits the
           acceleration of the camera (pan/tilt movements). 0 is a special case where a static camera is
           simulated.

       optalgo
           Set the camera path optimization algorithm.

           Accepted values are:

           gauss
               gaussian kernel low-pass filter on camera motion (default)

           avg averaging on transformations

       maxshift
           Set maximal number of pixels to translate frames. Default value is -1, meaning no limit.

       maxangle
           Set maximal angle in radians (degree*PI/180) to rotate frames. Default value is -1, meaning no limit.

       crop
           Specify how to deal with borders that may be visible due to movement compensation.

           Available values are:

           keep
               keep image information from previous frame (default)

           black
               fill the border black

       invert
           Invert transforms if set to 1. Default value is 0.

       relative
           Consider transforms as relative to previous frame if set to 1, absolute if set to 0. Default value is
           0.

       zoom
           Set percentage to zoom. A positive value will result in a zoom-in effect, a negative value in a zoom-
           out effect. Default value is 0 (no zoom).

       optzoom
           Set optimal zooming to avoid borders.

           Accepted values are:

           0   disabled

           1   optimal static zoom value is determined (only very strong movements will lead to visible borders)
               (default)

           2   optimal adaptive zoom value is determined (no borders will be visible), see zoomspeed

           Note that the value given at zoom is added to the one calculated here.

       zoomspeed
           Set percent to zoom maximally each frame (enabled when optzoom is set to 2). Range is from 0 to 5,
           default value is 0.25.

       interpol
           Specify type of interpolation.

           Available values are:

           no  no interpolation

           linear
               linear only horizontal

           bilinear
               linear in both directions (default)

           bicubic
               cubic in both directions (slow)

       tripod
           Enable virtual tripod mode if set to 1, which is equivalent to "relative=0:smoothing=0". Default
           value is 0.

           Use also "tripod" option of vidstabdetect.

       debug
           Increase log verbosity if set to 1. Also the detected global motions are written to the temporary
           file global_motions.trf. Default value is 0.

       Examples

       •   Use ffmpeg for a typical stabilization with default values:

                   ffmpeg -i inp.mpeg -vf vidstabtransform,unsharp=5:5:0.8:3:3:0.4 inp_stabilized.mpeg

           Note the use of the unsharp filter which is always recommended.

       •   Zoom in a bit more and load transform data from a given file:

                   vidstabtransform=zoom=5:input="mytransforms.trf"

       •   Smoothen the video even more:

                   vidstabtransform=smoothing=30

   vflip
       Flip the input video vertically.

       For example, to vertically flip a video with ffmpeg:

               ffmpeg -i in.avi -vf "vflip" out.avi

   vignette
       Make or reverse a natural vignetting effect.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       angle, a
           Set lens angle expression as a number of radians.

           The value is clipped in the "[0,PI/2]" range.

           Default value: "PI/5"

       x0
       y0  Set center coordinates expressions. Respectively "w/2" and "h/2" by default.

       mode
           Set forward/backward mode.

           Available modes are:

           forward
               The larger the distance from the central point, the darker the image becomes.

           backward
               The larger the distance from the central point, the brighter the image becomes.  This can be used
               to reverse a vignette effect, though there is no automatic detection to extract the lens angle
               and other settings (yet). It can also be used to create a burning effect.

           Default value is forward.

       eval
           Set evaluation mode for the expressions (angle, x0, y0).

           It accepts the following values:

           init
               Evaluate expressions only once during the filter initialization.

           frame
               Evaluate expressions for each incoming frame. This is way slower than the init mode since it
               requires all the scalers to be re-computed, but it allows advanced dynamic expressions.

           Default value is init.

       dither
           Set dithering to reduce the circular banding effects. Default is 1 (enabled).

       aspect
           Set vignette aspect. This setting allows one to adjust the shape of the vignette.  Setting this value
           to the SAR of the input will make a rectangular vignetting following the dimensions of the video.

           Default is "1/1".

       Expressions

       The alpha, x0 and y0 expressions can contain the following parameters.

       w
       h   input width and height

       n   the number of input frame, starting from 0

       pts the PTS (Presentation TimeStamp) time of the filtered video frame, expressed in TB units, NAN if
           undefined

       r   frame rate of the input video, NAN if the input frame rate is unknown

       t   the PTS (Presentation TimeStamp) of the filtered video frame, expressed in seconds, NAN if undefined

       tb  time base of the input video

       Examples

       •   Apply simple strong vignetting effect:

                   vignette=PI/4

       •   Make a flickering vignetting:

                   vignette='PI/4+random(1)*PI/50':eval=frame

   vmafmotion
       Obtain the average vmaf motion score of a video.  It is one of the component filters of VMAF.

       The obtained average motion score is printed through the logging system.

       In the below example the input file ref.mpg is being processed and score is computed.

               ffmpeg -i ref.mpg -lavfi vmafmotion -f null -

   vstack
       Stack input videos vertically.

       All streams must be of same pixel format and of same width.

       Note that this filter is faster than using overlay and pad filter to create same output.

       The filter accept the following option:

       inputs
           Set number of input streams. Default is 2.

       shortest
           If set to 1, force the output to terminate when the shortest input terminates. Default value is 0.

   w3fdif
       Deinterlace the input video ("w3fdif" stands for "Weston 3 Field Deinterlacing Filter").

       Based on the process described by Martin Weston for BBC R&D, and implemented based on the de-interlace
       algorithm written by Jim Easterbrook for BBC R&D, the Weston 3 field deinterlacing filter uses filter
       coefficients calculated by BBC R&D.

       There are two sets of filter coefficients, so called "simple": and "complex". Which set of filter
       coefficients is used can be set by passing an optional parameter:

       filter
           Set the interlacing filter coefficients. Accepts one of the following values:

           simple
               Simple filter coefficient set.

           complex
               More-complex filter coefficient set.

           Default value is complex.

       deint
           Specify which frames to deinterlace. Accept one of the following values:

           all Deinterlace all frames,

           interlaced
               Only deinterlace frames marked as interlaced.

           Default value is all.

   waveform
       Video waveform monitor.

       The waveform monitor plots color component intensity. By default luminance only. Each column of the
       waveform corresponds to a column of pixels in the source video.

       It accepts the following options:

       mode, m
           Can be either "row", or "column". Default is "column".  In row mode, the graph on the left side
           represents color component value 0 and the right side represents value = 255. In column mode, the top
           side represents color component value = 0 and bottom side represents value = 255.

       intensity, i
           Set intensity. Smaller values are useful to find out how many values of the same luminance are
           distributed across input rows/columns.  Default value is 0.04. Allowed range is [0, 1].

       mirror, r
           Set mirroring mode. 0 means unmirrored, 1 means mirrored.  In mirrored mode, higher values will be
           represented on the left side for "row" mode and at the top for "column" mode. Default is 1
           (mirrored).

       display, d
           Set display mode.  It accepts the following values:

           overlay
               Presents information identical to that in the "parade", except that the graphs representing color
               components are superimposed directly over one another.

               This display mode makes it easier to spot relative differences or similarities in overlapping
               areas of the color components that are supposed to be identical, such as neutral whites, grays,
               or blacks.

           stack
               Display separate graph for the color components side by side in "row" mode or one below the other
               in "column" mode.

           parade
               Display separate graph for the color components side by side in "column" mode or one below the
               other in "row" mode.

               Using this display mode makes it easy to spot color casts in the highlights and shadows of an
               image, by comparing the contours of the top and the bottom graphs of each waveform. Since whites,
               grays, and blacks are characterized by exactly equal amounts of red, green, and blue, neutral
               areas of the picture should display three waveforms of roughly equal width/height. If not, the
               correction is easy to perform by making level adjustments the three waveforms.

           Default is "stack".

       components, c
           Set which color components to display. Default is 1, which means only luminance or red color
           component if input is in RGB colorspace. If is set for example to 7 it will display all 3 (if)
           available color components.

       envelope, e
           none
               No envelope, this is default.

           instant
               Instant envelope, minimum and maximum values presented in graph will be easily visible even with
               small "step" value.

           peak
               Hold minimum and maximum values presented in graph across time. This way you can still spot out
               of range values without constantly looking at waveforms.

           peak+instant
               Peak and instant envelope combined together.

       filter, f
           lowpass
               No filtering, this is default.

           flat
               Luma and chroma combined together.

           aflat
               Similar as above, but shows difference between blue and red chroma.

           chroma
               Displays only chroma.

           color
               Displays actual color value on waveform.

           acolor
               Similar as above, but with luma showing frequency of chroma values.

       graticule, g
           Set which graticule to display.

           none
               Do not display graticule.

           green
               Display green graticule showing legal broadcast ranges.

       opacity, o
           Set graticule opacity.

       flags, fl
           Set graticule flags.

           numbers
               Draw numbers above lines. By default enabled.

           dots
               Draw dots instead of lines.

       scale, s
           Set scale used for displaying graticule.

           digital
           millivolts
           ire

           Default is digital.

       bgopacity, b
           Set background opacity.

   weave, doubleweave
       The "weave" takes a field-based video input and join each two sequential fields into single frame,
       producing a new double height clip with half the frame rate and half the frame count.

       The "doubleweave" works same as "weave" but without halving frame rate and frame count.

       It accepts the following option:

       first_field
           Set first field. Available values are:

           top, t
               Set the frame as top-field-first.

           bottom, b
               Set the frame as bottom-field-first.

       Examples

       •   Interlace video using select and separatefields filter:

                   separatefields,select=eq(mod(n,4),0)+eq(mod(n,4),3),weave

   xbr
       Apply the xBR high-quality magnification filter which is designed for pixel art. It follows a set of
       edge-detection rules, see <http://www.libretro.com/forums/viewtopic.php?f=6&t=134>.

       It accepts the following option:

       n   Set the scaling dimension: 2 for "2xBR", 3 for "3xBR" and 4 for "4xBR".  Default is 3.

   yadif
       Deinterlace the input video ("yadif" means "yet another deinterlacing filter").

       It accepts the following parameters:

       mode
           The interlacing mode to adopt. It accepts one of the following values:

           0, send_frame
               Output one frame for each frame.

           1, send_field
               Output one frame for each field.

           2, send_frame_nospatial
               Like "send_frame", but it skips the spatial interlacing check.

           3, send_field_nospatial
               Like "send_field", but it skips the spatial interlacing check.

           The default value is "send_frame".

       parity
           The picture field parity assumed for the input interlaced video. It accepts one of the following
           values:

           0, tff
               Assume the top field is first.

           1, bff
               Assume the bottom field is first.

           -1, auto
               Enable automatic detection of field parity.

           The default value is "auto".  If the interlacing is unknown or the decoder does not export this
           information, top field first will be assumed.

       deint
           Specify which frames to deinterlace. Accept one of the following values:

           0, all
               Deinterlace all frames.

           1, interlaced
               Only deinterlace frames marked as interlaced.

           The default value is "all".

   zoompan
       Apply Zoom & Pan effect.

       This filter accepts the following options:

       zoom, z
           Set the zoom expression. Default is 1.

       x
       y   Set the x and y expression. Default is 0.

       d   Set the duration expression in number of frames.  This sets for how many number of frames effect will
           last for single input image.

       s   Set the output image size, default is 'hd720'.

       fps Set the output frame rate, default is '25'.

       Each expression can contain the following constants:

       in_w, iw
           Input width.

       in_h, ih
           Input height.

       out_w, ow
           Output width.

       out_h, oh
           Output height.

       in  Input frame count.

       on  Output frame count.

       x
       y   Last calculated 'x' and 'y' position from 'x' and 'y' expression for current input frame.

       px
       py  'x' and 'y' of last output frame of previous input frame or 0 when there was not yet such frame
           (first input frame).

       zoom
           Last calculated zoom from 'z' expression for current input frame.

       pzoom
           Last calculated zoom of last output frame of previous input frame.

       duration
           Number of output frames for current input frame. Calculated from 'd' expression for each input frame.

       pduration
           number of output frames created for previous input frame

       a   Rational number: input width / input height

       sar sample aspect ratio

       dar display aspect ratio

       Examples

       •   Zoom-in up to 1.5 and pan at same time to some spot near center of picture:

                   zoompan=z='min(zoom+0.0015,1.5)':d=700:x='if(gte(zoom,1.5),x,x+1/a)':y='if(gte(zoom,1.5),y,y+1)':s=640x360

       •   Zoom-in up to 1.5 and pan always at center of picture:

                   zoompan=z='min(zoom+0.0015,1.5)':d=700:x='iw/2-(iw/zoom/2)':y='ih/2-(ih/zoom/2)'

       •   Same as above but without pausing:

                   zoompan=z='min(max(zoom,pzoom)+0.0015,1.5)':d=1:x='iw/2-(iw/zoom/2)':y='ih/2-(ih/zoom/2)'

   zscale
       Scale (resize) the input video, using the z.lib library: https://github.com/sekrit-twc/zimg.

       The zscale filter forces the output display aspect ratio to be the same as the input, by changing the
       output sample aspect ratio.

       If the input image format is different from the format requested by the next filter, the zscale filter
       will convert the input to the requested format.

       Options

       The filter accepts the following options.

       width, w
       height, h
           Set the output video dimension expression. Default value is the input dimension.

           If the width or w value is 0, the input width is used for the output. If the height or h value is 0,
           the input height is used for the output.

           If one and only one of the values is -n with n >= 1, the zscale filter will use a value that
           maintains the aspect ratio of the input image, calculated from the other specified dimension. After
           that it will, however, make sure that the calculated dimension is divisible by n and adjust the value
           if necessary.

           If both values are -n with n >= 1, the behavior will be identical to both values being set to 0 as
           previously detailed.

           See below for the list of accepted constants for use in the dimension expression.

       size, s
           Set the video size. For the syntax of this option, check the "Video size" section in the ffmpeg-utils
           manual.

       dither, d
           Set the dither type.

           Possible values are:

           none
           ordered
           random
           error_diffusion

           Default is none.

       filter, f
           Set the resize filter type.

           Possible values are:

           point
           bilinear
           bicubic
           spline16
           spline36
           lanczos

           Default is bilinear.

       range, r
           Set the color range.

           Possible values are:

           input
           limited
           full

           Default is same as input.

       primaries, p
           Set the color primaries.

           Possible values are:

           input
           709
           unspecified
           170m
           240m
           2020

           Default is same as input.

       transfer, t
           Set the transfer characteristics.

           Possible values are:

           input
           709
           unspecified
           601
           linear
           2020_10
           2020_12
           smpte2084
           iec61966-2-1
           arib-std-b67

           Default is same as input.

       matrix, m
           Set the colorspace matrix.

           Possible value are:

           input
           709
           unspecified
           470bg
           170m
           2020_ncl
           2020_cl

           Default is same as input.

       rangein, rin
           Set the input color range.

           Possible values are:

           input
           limited
           full

           Default is same as input.

       primariesin, pin
           Set the input color primaries.

           Possible values are:

           input
           709
           unspecified
           170m
           240m
           2020

           Default is same as input.

       transferin, tin
           Set the input transfer characteristics.

           Possible values are:

           input
           709
           unspecified
           601
           linear
           2020_10
           2020_12

           Default is same as input.

       matrixin, min
           Set the input colorspace matrix.

           Possible value are:

           input
           709
           unspecified
           470bg
           170m
           2020_ncl
           2020_cl
       chromal, c
           Set the output chroma location.

           Possible values are:

           input
           left
           center
           topleft
           top
           bottomleft
           bottom
       chromalin, cin
           Set the input chroma location.

           Possible values are:

           input
           left
           center
           topleft
           top
           bottomleft
           bottom
       npl Set the nominal peak luminance.

       The values of the w and h options are expressions containing the following constants:

       in_w
       in_h
           The input width and height

       iw
       ih  These are the same as in_w and in_h.

       out_w
       out_h
           The output (scaled) width and height

       ow
       oh  These are the same as out_w and out_h

       a   The same as iw / ih

       sar input sample aspect ratio

       dar The input display aspect ratio. Calculated from "(iw / ih) * sar".

       hsub
       vsub
           horizontal and vertical input chroma subsample values. For example for the pixel format "yuv422p"
           hsub is 2 and vsub is 1.

       ohsub
       ovsub
           horizontal and vertical output chroma subsample values. For example for the pixel format "yuv422p"
           hsub is 2 and vsub is 1.

VIDEO SOURCES

       Below is a description of the currently available video sources.

   buffer
       Buffer video frames, and make them available to the filter chain.

       This source is mainly intended for a programmatic use, in particular through the interface defined in
       libavfilter/vsrc_buffer.h.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       video_size
           Specify the size (width and height) of the buffered video frames. For the syntax of this option,
           check the "Video size" section in the ffmpeg-utils manual.

       width
           The input video width.

       height
           The input video height.

       pix_fmt
           A string representing the pixel format of the buffered video frames.  It may be a number
           corresponding to a pixel format, or a pixel format name.

       time_base
           Specify the timebase assumed by the timestamps of the buffered frames.

       frame_rate
           Specify the frame rate expected for the video stream.

       pixel_aspect, sar
           The sample (pixel) aspect ratio of the input video.

       sws_param
           Specify the optional parameters to be used for the scale filter which is automatically inserted when
           an input change is detected in the input size or format.

       hw_frames_ctx
           When using a hardware pixel format, this should be a reference to an AVHWFramesContext describing
           input frames.

       For example:

               buffer=width=320:height=240:pix_fmt=yuv410p:time_base=1/24:sar=1

       will instruct the source to accept video frames with size 320x240 and with format "yuv410p", assuming
       1/24 as the timestamps timebase and square pixels (1:1 sample aspect ratio).  Since the pixel format with
       name "yuv410p" corresponds to the number 6 (check the enum AVPixelFormat definition in
       libavutil/pixfmt.h), this example corresponds to:

               buffer=size=320x240:pixfmt=6:time_base=1/24:pixel_aspect=1/1

       Alternatively, the options can be specified as a flat string, but this syntax is deprecated:

       width:height:pix_fmt:time_base.num:time_base.den:pixel_aspect.num:pixel_aspect.den[:sws_param]

   cellauto
       Create a pattern generated by an elementary cellular automaton.

       The initial state of the cellular automaton can be defined through the filename and pattern options. If
       such options are not specified an initial state is created randomly.

       At each new frame a new row in the video is filled with the result of the cellular automaton next
       generation. The behavior when the whole frame is filled is defined by the scroll option.

       This source accepts the following options:

       filename, f
           Read the initial cellular automaton state, i.e. the starting row, from the specified file.  In the
           file, each non-whitespace character is considered an alive cell, a newline will terminate the row,
           and further characters in the file will be ignored.

       pattern, p
           Read the initial cellular automaton state, i.e. the starting row, from the specified string.

           Each non-whitespace character in the string is considered an alive cell, a newline will terminate the
           row, and further characters in the string will be ignored.

       rate, r
           Set the video rate, that is the number of frames generated per second.  Default is 25.

       random_fill_ratio, ratio
           Set the random fill ratio for the initial cellular automaton row. It is a floating point number value
           ranging from 0 to 1, defaults to 1/PHI.

           This option is ignored when a file or a pattern is specified.

       random_seed, seed
           Set the seed for filling randomly the initial row, must be an integer included between 0 and
           UINT32_MAX. If not specified, or if explicitly set to -1, the filter will try to use a good random
           seed on a best effort basis.

       rule
           Set the cellular automaton rule, it is a number ranging from 0 to 255.  Default value is 110.

       size, s
           Set the size of the output video. For the syntax of this option, check the "Video size" section in
           the ffmpeg-utils manual.

           If filename or pattern is specified, the size is set by default to the width of the specified initial
           state row, and the height is set to width * PHI.

           If size is set, it must contain the width of the specified pattern string, and the specified pattern
           will be centered in the larger row.

           If a filename or a pattern string is not specified, the size value defaults to "320x518" (used for a
           randomly generated initial state).

       scroll
           If set to 1, scroll the output upward when all the rows in the output have been already filled. If
           set to 0, the new generated row will be written over the top row just after the bottom row is filled.
           Defaults to 1.

       start_full, full
           If set to 1, completely fill the output with generated rows before outputting the first frame.  This
           is the default behavior, for disabling set the value to 0.

       stitch
           If set to 1, stitch the left and right row edges together.  This is the default behavior, for
           disabling set the value to 0.

       Examples

       •   Read the initial state from pattern, and specify an output of size 200x400.

                   cellauto=f=pattern:s=200x400

       •   Generate a random initial row with a width of 200 cells, with a fill ratio of 2/3:

                   cellauto=ratio=2/3:s=200x200

       •   Create a pattern generated by rule 18 starting by a single alive cell centered on an initial row with
           width 100:

                   cellauto=p=@s=100x400:full=0:rule=18

       •   Specify a more elaborated initial pattern:

                   cellauto=p='@@ @ @@':s=100x400:full=0:rule=18

   coreimagesrc
       Video source generated on GPU using Apple's CoreImage API on OSX.

       This video source is a specialized version of the coreimage video filter.  Use a core image generator at
       the beginning of the applied filterchain to generate the content.

       The coreimagesrc video source accepts the following options:

       list_generators
           List all available generators along with all their respective options as well as possible minimum and
           maximum values along with the default values.

                   list_generators=true

       size, s
           Specify the size of the sourced video. For the syntax of this option, check the "Video size" section
           in the ffmpeg-utils manual.  The default value is "320x240".

       rate, r
           Specify the frame rate of the sourced video, as the number of frames generated per second. It has to
           be a string in the format frame_rate_num/frame_rate_den, an integer number, a floating point number
           or a valid video frame rate abbreviation. The default value is "25".

       sar Set the sample aspect ratio of the sourced video.

       duration, d
           Set the duration of the sourced video. See the Time duration section in the ffmpeg-utils(1) manual
           for the accepted syntax.

           If not specified, or the expressed duration is negative, the video is supposed to be generated
           forever.

       Additionally, all options of the coreimage video filter are accepted.  A complete filterchain can be used
       for further processing of the generated input without CPU-HOST transfer. See coreimage documentation and
       examples for details.

       Examples

       •   Use CIQRCodeGenerator to create a QR code for the FFmpeg homepage, given as complete and escaped
           command-line for Apple's standard bash shell:

                   ffmpeg -f lavfi -i coreimagesrc=s=100x100:filter=CIQRCodeGenerator@inputMessage=https\\\\\://FFmpeg.org/@inputCorrectionLevel=H -frames:v 1 QRCode.png

           This example is equivalent to the QRCode example of coreimage without the need for a nullsrc video
           source.

   mandelbrot
       Generate a Mandelbrot set fractal, and progressively zoom towards the point specified with start_x and
       start_y.

       This source accepts the following options:

       end_pts
           Set the terminal pts value. Default value is 400.

       end_scale
           Set the terminal scale value.  Must be a floating point value. Default value is 0.3.

       inner
           Set the inner coloring mode, that is the algorithm used to draw the Mandelbrot fractal internal
           region.

           It shall assume one of the following values:

           black
               Set black mode.

           convergence
               Show time until convergence.

           mincol
               Set color based on point closest to the origin of the iterations.

           period
               Set period mode.

           Default value is mincol.

       bailout
           Set the bailout value. Default value is 10.0.

       maxiter
           Set the maximum of iterations performed by the rendering algorithm. Default value is 7189.

       outer
           Set outer coloring mode.  It shall assume one of following values:

           iteration_count
               Set iteration cound mode.

           normalized_iteration_count
               set normalized iteration count mode.

           Default value is normalized_iteration_count.

       rate, r
           Set frame rate, expressed as number of frames per second. Default value is "25".

       size, s
           Set frame size. For the syntax of this option, check the "Video size" section in the ffmpeg-utils
           manual. Default value is "640x480".

       start_scale
           Set the initial scale value. Default value is 3.0.

       start_x
           Set the initial x position. Must be a floating point value between -100 and 100. Default value is
           -0.743643887037158704752191506114774.

       start_y
           Set the initial y position. Must be a floating point value between -100 and 100. Default value is
           -0.131825904205311970493132056385139.

   mptestsrc
       Generate various test patterns, as generated by the MPlayer test filter.

       The size of the generated video is fixed, and is 256x256.  This source is useful in particular for
       testing encoding features.

       This source accepts the following options:

       rate, r
           Specify the frame rate of the sourced video, as the number of frames generated per second. It has to
           be a string in the format frame_rate_num/frame_rate_den, an integer number, a floating point number
           or a valid video frame rate abbreviation. The default value is "25".

       duration, d
           Set the duration of the sourced video. See the Time duration section in the ffmpeg-utils(1) manual
           for the accepted syntax.

           If not specified, or the expressed duration is negative, the video is supposed to be generated
           forever.

       test, t
           Set the number or the name of the test to perform. Supported tests are:

           dc_luma
           dc_chroma
           freq_luma
           freq_chroma
           amp_luma
           amp_chroma
           cbp
           mv
           ring1
           ring2
           all

           Default value is "all", which will cycle through the list of all tests.

       Some examples:

               mptestsrc=t=dc_luma

       will generate a "dc_luma" test pattern.

   frei0r_src
       Provide a frei0r source.

       To enable compilation of this filter you need to install the frei0r header and configure FFmpeg with
       "--enable-frei0r".

       This source accepts the following parameters:

       size
           The size of the video to generate. For the syntax of this option, check the "Video size" section in
           the ffmpeg-utils manual.

       framerate
           The framerate of the generated video. It may be a string of the form num/den or a frame rate
           abbreviation.

       filter_name
           The name to the frei0r source to load. For more information regarding frei0r and how to set the
           parameters, read the frei0r section in the video filters documentation.

       filter_params
           A '|'-separated list of parameters to pass to the frei0r source.

       For example, to generate a frei0r partik0l source with size 200x200 and frame rate 10 which is overlaid
       on the overlay filter main input:

               frei0r_src=size=200x200:framerate=10:filter_name=partik0l:filter_params=1234 [overlay]; [in][overlay] overlay

   life
       Generate a life pattern.

       This source is based on a generalization of John Conway's life game.

       The sourced input represents a life grid, each pixel represents a cell which can be in one of two
       possible states, alive or dead. Every cell interacts with its eight neighbours, which are the cells that
       are horizontally, vertically, or diagonally adjacent.

       At each interaction the grid evolves according to the adopted rule, which specifies the number of
       neighbor alive cells which will make a cell stay alive or born. The rule option allows one to specify the
       rule to adopt.

       This source accepts the following options:

       filename, f
           Set the file from which to read the initial grid state. In the file, each non-whitespace character is
           considered an alive cell, and newline is used to delimit the end of each row.

           If this option is not specified, the initial grid is generated randomly.

       rate, r
           Set the video rate, that is the number of frames generated per second.  Default is 25.

       random_fill_ratio, ratio
           Set the random fill ratio for the initial random grid. It is a floating point number value ranging
           from 0 to 1, defaults to 1/PHI.  It is ignored when a file is specified.

       random_seed, seed
           Set the seed for filling the initial random grid, must be an integer included between 0 and
           UINT32_MAX. If not specified, or if explicitly set to -1, the filter will try to use a good random
           seed on a best effort basis.

       rule
           Set the life rule.

           A rule can be specified with a code of the kind "SNS/BNB", where NS and NB are sequences of numbers
           in the range 0-8, NS specifies the number of alive neighbor cells which make a live cell stay alive,
           and NB the number of alive neighbor cells which make a dead cell to become alive (i.e. to "born").
           "s" and "b" can be used in place of "S" and "B", respectively.

           Alternatively a rule can be specified by an 18-bits integer. The 9 high order bits are used to encode
           the next cell state if it is alive for each number of neighbor alive cells, the low order bits
           specify the rule for "borning" new cells. Higher order bits encode for an higher number of neighbor
           cells.  For example the number 6153 = "(12<<9)+9" specifies a stay alive rule of 12 and a born rule
           of 9, which corresponds to "S23/B03".

           Default value is "S23/B3", which is the original Conway's game of life rule, and will keep a cell
           alive if it has 2 or 3 neighbor alive cells, and will born a new cell if there are three alive cells
           around a dead cell.

       size, s
           Set the size of the output video. For the syntax of this option, check the "Video size" section in
           the ffmpeg-utils manual.

           If filename is specified, the size is set by default to the same size of the input file. If size is
           set, it must contain the size specified in the input file, and the initial grid defined in that file
           is centered in the larger resulting area.

           If a filename is not specified, the size value defaults to "320x240" (used for a randomly generated
           initial grid).

       stitch
           If set to 1, stitch the left and right grid edges together, and the top and bottom edges also.
           Defaults to 1.

       mold
           Set cell mold speed. If set, a dead cell will go from death_color to mold_color with a step of mold.
           mold can have a value from 0 to 255.

       life_color
           Set the color of living (or new born) cells.

       death_color
           Set the color of dead cells. If mold is set, this is the first color used to represent a dead cell.

       mold_color
           Set mold color, for definitely dead and moldy cells.

           For the syntax of these 3 color options, check the "Color" section in the ffmpeg-utils manual.

       Examples

       •   Read a grid from pattern, and center it on a grid of size 300x300 pixels:

                   life=f=pattern:s=300x300

       •   Generate a random grid of size 200x200, with a fill ratio of 2/3:

                   life=ratio=2/3:s=200x200

       •   Specify a custom rule for evolving a randomly generated grid:

                   life=rule=S14/B34

       •   Full example with slow death effect (mold) using ffplay:

                   ffplay -f lavfi life=s=300x200:mold=10:r=60:ratio=0.1:death_color=#C83232:life_color=#00ff00,scale=1200:800:flags=16

   allrgb, allyuv, color, haldclutsrc, nullsrc, rgbtestsrc, smptebars, smptehdbars, testsrc, testsrc2,
       yuvtestsrc
       The "allrgb" source returns frames of size 4096x4096 of all rgb colors.

       The "allyuv" source returns frames of size 4096x4096 of all yuv colors.

       The "color" source provides an uniformly colored input.

       The "haldclutsrc" source provides an identity Hald CLUT. See also haldclut filter.

       The "nullsrc" source returns unprocessed video frames. It is mainly useful to be employed in analysis /
       debugging tools, or as the source for filters which ignore the input data.

       The "rgbtestsrc" source generates an RGB test pattern useful for detecting RGB vs BGR issues. You should
       see a red, green and blue stripe from top to bottom.

       The "smptebars" source generates a color bars pattern, based on the SMPTE Engineering Guideline EG
       1-1990.

       The "smptehdbars" source generates a color bars pattern, based on the SMPTE RP 219-2002.

       The "testsrc" source generates a test video pattern, showing a color pattern, a scrolling gradient and a
       timestamp. This is mainly intended for testing purposes.

       The "testsrc2" source is similar to testsrc, but supports more pixel formats instead of just "rgb24".
       This allows using it as an input for other tests without requiring a format conversion.

       The "yuvtestsrc" source generates an YUV test pattern. You should see a y, cb and cr stripe from top to
       bottom.

       The sources accept the following parameters:

       alpha
           Specify the alpha (opacity) of the background, only available in the "testsrc2" source. The value
           must be between 0 (fully transparent) and 255 (fully opaque, the default).

       color, c
           Specify the color of the source, only available in the "color" source. For the syntax of this option,
           check the "Color" section in the ffmpeg-utils manual.

       level
           Specify the level of the Hald CLUT, only available in the "haldclutsrc" source. A level of "N"
           generates a picture of "N*N*N" by "N*N*N" pixels to be used as identity matrix for 3D lookup tables.
           Each component is coded on a "1/(N*N)" scale.

       size, s
           Specify the size of the sourced video. For the syntax of this option, check the "Video size" section
           in the ffmpeg-utils manual.  The default value is "320x240".

           This option is not available with the "haldclutsrc" filter.

       rate, r
           Specify the frame rate of the sourced video, as the number of frames generated per second. It has to
           be a string in the format frame_rate_num/frame_rate_den, an integer number, a floating point number
           or a valid video frame rate abbreviation. The default value is "25".

       sar Set the sample aspect ratio of the sourced video.

       duration, d
           Set the duration of the sourced video. See the Time duration section in the ffmpeg-utils(1) manual
           for the accepted syntax.

           If not specified, or the expressed duration is negative, the video is supposed to be generated
           forever.

       decimals, n
           Set the number of decimals to show in the timestamp, only available in the "testsrc" source.

           The displayed timestamp value will correspond to the original timestamp value multiplied by the power
           of 10 of the specified value. Default value is 0.

       For example the following:

               testsrc=duration=5.3:size=qcif:rate=10

       will generate a video with a duration of 5.3 seconds, with size 176x144 and a frame rate of 10 frames per
       second.

       The following graph description will generate a red source with an opacity of 0.2, with size "qcif" and a
       frame rate of 10 frames per second.

               color=c=red@0.2:s=qcif:r=10

       If the input content is to be ignored, "nullsrc" can be used. The following command generates noise in
       the luminance plane by employing the "geq" filter:

               nullsrc=s=256x256, geq=random(1)*255:128:128

       Commands

       The "color" source supports the following commands:

       c, color
           Set the color of the created image. Accepts the same syntax of the corresponding color option.

VIDEO SINKS

       Below is a description of the currently available video sinks.

   buffersink
       Buffer video frames, and make them available to the end of the filter graph.

       This sink is mainly intended for programmatic use, in particular through the interface defined in
       libavfilter/buffersink.h or the options system.

       It accepts a pointer to an AVBufferSinkContext structure, which defines the incoming buffers' formats, to
       be passed as the opaque parameter to "avfilter_init_filter" for initialization.

   nullsink
       Null video sink: do absolutely nothing with the input video. It is mainly useful as a template and for
       use in analysis / debugging tools.

MULTIMEDIA FILTERS

       Below is a description of the currently available multimedia filters.

   abitscope
       Convert input audio to a video output, displaying the audio bit scope.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       rate, r
           Set frame rate, expressed as number of frames per second. Default value is "25".

       size, s
           Specify the video size for the output. For the syntax of this option, check the "Video size" section
           in the ffmpeg-utils manual.  Default value is "1024x256".

       colors
           Specify list of colors separated by space or by '|' which will be used to draw channels. Unrecognized
           or missing colors will be replaced by white color.

   ahistogram
       Convert input audio to a video output, displaying the volume histogram.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       dmode
           Specify how histogram is calculated.

           It accepts the following values:

           single
               Use single histogram for all channels.

           separate
               Use separate histogram for each channel.

           Default is "single".

       rate, r
           Set frame rate, expressed as number of frames per second. Default value is "25".

       size, s
           Specify the video size for the output. For the syntax of this option, check the "Video size" section
           in the ffmpeg-utils manual.  Default value is "hd720".

       scale
           Set display scale.

           It accepts the following values:

           log logarithmic

           sqrt
               square root

           cbrt
               cubic root

           lin linear

           rlog
               reverse logarithmic

           Default is "log".

       ascale
           Set amplitude scale.

           It accepts the following values:

           log logarithmic

           lin linear

           Default is "log".

       acount
           Set how much frames to accumulate in histogram.  Defauls is 1. Setting this to -1 accumulates all
           frames.

       rheight
           Set histogram ratio of window height.

       slide
           Set sonogram sliding.

           It accepts the following values:

           replace
               replace old rows with new ones.

           scroll
               scroll from top to bottom.

           Default is "replace".

   aphasemeter
       Convert input audio to a video output, displaying the audio phase.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       rate, r
           Set the output frame rate. Default value is 25.

       size, s
           Set the video size for the output. For the syntax of this option, check the "Video size" section in
           the ffmpeg-utils manual.  Default value is "800x400".

       rc
       gc
       bc  Specify the red, green, blue contrast. Default values are 2, 7 and 1.  Allowed range is "[0, 255]".

       mpc Set color which will be used for drawing median phase. If color is "none" which is default, no median
           phase value will be drawn.

       video
           Enable video output. Default is enabled.

       The filter also exports the frame metadata "lavfi.aphasemeter.phase" which represents mean phase of
       current audio frame. Value is in range "[-1, 1]".  The "-1" means left and right channels are completely
       out of phase and 1 means channels are in phase.

   avectorscope
       Convert input audio to a video output, representing the audio vector scope.

       The filter is used to measure the difference between channels of stereo audio stream. A monoaural signal,
       consisting of identical left and right signal, results in straight vertical line. Any stereo separation
       is visible as a deviation from this line, creating a Lissajous figure.  If the straight (or deviation
       from it) but horizontal line appears this indicates that the left and right channels are out of phase.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       mode, m
           Set the vectorscope mode.

           Available values are:

           lissajous
               Lissajous rotated by 45 degrees.

           lissajous_xy
               Same as above but not rotated.

           polar
               Shape resembling half of circle.

           Default value is lissajous.

       size, s
           Set the video size for the output. For the syntax of this option, check the "Video size" section in
           the ffmpeg-utils manual.  Default value is "400x400".

       rate, r
           Set the output frame rate. Default value is 25.

       rc
       gc
       bc
       ac  Specify the red, green, blue and alpha contrast. Default values are 40, 160, 80 and 255.  Allowed
           range is "[0, 255]".

       rf
       gf
       bf
       af  Specify the red, green, blue and alpha fade. Default values are 15, 10, 5 and 5.  Allowed range is
           "[0, 255]".

       zoom
           Set the zoom factor. Default value is 1. Allowed range is "[0, 10]".  Values lower than 1 will auto
           adjust zoom factor to maximal possible value.

       draw
           Set the vectorscope drawing mode.

           Available values are:

           dot Draw dot for each sample.

           line
               Draw line between previous and current sample.

           Default value is dot.

       scale
           Specify amplitude scale of audio samples.

           Available values are:

           lin Linear.

           sqrt
               Square root.

           cbrt
               Cubic root.

           log Logarithmic.

       Examples

       •   Complete example using ffplay:

                   ffplay -f lavfi 'amovie=input.mp3, asplit [a][out1];
                                [a] avectorscope=zoom=1.3:rc=2:gc=200:bc=10:rf=1:gf=8:bf=7 [out0]'

   bench, abench
       Benchmark part of a filtergraph.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       action
           Start or stop a timer.

           Available values are:

           start
               Get the current time, set it as frame metadata (using the key "lavfi.bench.start_time"), and
               forward the frame to the next filter.

           stop
               Get the current time and fetch the "lavfi.bench.start_time" metadata from the input frame
               metadata to get the time difference. Time difference, average, maximum and minimum time
               (respectively "t", "avg", "max" and "min") are then printed. The timestamps are expressed in
               seconds.

       Examples

       •   Benchmark selectivecolor filter:

                   bench=start,selectivecolor=reds=-.2 .12 -.49,bench=stop

   concat
       Concatenate audio and video streams, joining them together one after the other.

       The filter works on segments of synchronized video and audio streams. All segments must have the same
       number of streams of each type, and that will also be the number of streams at output.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       n   Set the number of segments. Default is 2.

       v   Set the number of output video streams, that is also the number of video streams in each segment.
           Default is 1.

       a   Set the number of output audio streams, that is also the number of audio streams in each segment.
           Default is 0.

       unsafe
           Activate unsafe mode: do not fail if segments have a different format.

       The filter has v+a outputs: first v video outputs, then a audio outputs.

       There are nx(v+a) inputs: first the inputs for the first segment, in the same order as the outputs, then
       the inputs for the second segment, etc.

       Related streams do not always have exactly the same duration, for various reasons including codec frame
       size or sloppy authoring. For that reason, related synchronized streams (e.g. a video and its audio
       track) should be concatenated at once. The concat filter will use the duration of the longest stream in
       each segment (except the last one), and if necessary pad shorter audio streams with silence.

       For this filter to work correctly, all segments must start at timestamp 0.

       All corresponding streams must have the same parameters in all segments; the filtering system will
       automatically select a common pixel format for video streams, and a common sample format, sample rate and
       channel layout for audio streams, but other settings, such as resolution, must be converted explicitly by
       the user.

       Different frame rates are acceptable but will result in variable frame rate at output; be sure to
       configure the output file to handle it.

       Examples

       •   Concatenate an opening, an episode and an ending, all in bilingual version (video in stream 0, audio
           in streams 1 and 2):

                   ffmpeg -i opening.mkv -i episode.mkv -i ending.mkv -filter_complex \
                     '[0:0] [0:1] [0:2] [1:0] [1:1] [1:2] [2:0] [2:1] [2:2]
                      concat=n=3:v=1:a=2 [v] [a1] [a2]' \
                     -map '[v]' -map '[a1]' -map '[a2]' output.mkv

       •   Concatenate two parts, handling audio and video separately, using the (a)movie sources, and adjusting
           the resolution:

                   movie=part1.mp4, scale=512:288 [v1] ; amovie=part1.mp4 [a1] ;
                   movie=part2.mp4, scale=512:288 [v2] ; amovie=part2.mp4 [a2] ;
                   [v1] [v2] concat [outv] ; [a1] [a2] concat=v=0:a=1 [outa]

           Note that a desync will happen at the stitch if the audio and video streams do not have exactly the
           same duration in the first file.

   drawgraph, adrawgraph
       Draw a graph using input video or audio metadata.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       m1  Set 1st frame metadata key from which metadata values will be used to draw a graph.

       fg1 Set 1st foreground color expression.

       m2  Set 2nd frame metadata key from which metadata values will be used to draw a graph.

       fg2 Set 2nd foreground color expression.

       m3  Set 3rd frame metadata key from which metadata values will be used to draw a graph.

       fg3 Set 3rd foreground color expression.

       m4  Set 4th frame metadata key from which metadata values will be used to draw a graph.

       fg4 Set 4th foreground color expression.

       min Set minimal value of metadata value.

       max Set maximal value of metadata value.

       bg  Set graph background color. Default is white.

       mode
           Set graph mode.

           Available values for mode is:

           bar
           dot
           line

           Default is "line".

       slide
           Set slide mode.

           Available values for slide is:

           frame
               Draw new frame when right border is reached.

           replace
               Replace old columns with new ones.

           scroll
               Scroll from right to left.

           rscroll
               Scroll from left to right.

           picture
               Draw single picture.

           Default is "frame".

       size
           Set size of graph video. For the syntax of this option, check the "Video size" section in the ffmpeg-
           utils manual.  The default value is "900x256".

           The foreground color expressions can use the following variables:

           MIN Minimal value of metadata value.

           MAX Maximal value of metadata value.

           VAL Current metadata key value.

           The color is defined as 0xAABBGGRR.

       Example using metadata from signalstats filter:

               signalstats,drawgraph=lavfi.signalstats.YAVG:min=0:max=255

       Example using metadata from ebur128 filter:

               ebur128=metadata=1,adrawgraph=lavfi.r128.M:min=-120:max=5

   ebur128
       EBU R128 scanner filter. This filter takes an audio stream as input and outputs it unchanged. By default,
       it logs a message at a frequency of 10Hz with the Momentary loudness (identified by "M"), Short-term
       loudness ("S"), Integrated loudness ("I") and Loudness Range ("LRA").

       The filter also has a video output (see the video option) with a real time graph to observe the loudness
       evolution. The graphic contains the logged message mentioned above, so it is not printed anymore when
       this option is set, unless the verbose logging is set. The main graphing area contains the short-term
       loudness (3 seconds of analysis), and the gauge on the right is for the momentary loudness (400
       milliseconds).

       More information about the Loudness Recommendation EBU R128 on <http://tech.ebu.ch/loudness>.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       video
           Activate the video output. The audio stream is passed unchanged whether this option is set or no. The
           video stream will be the first output stream if activated. Default is 0.

       size
           Set the video size. This option is for video only. For the syntax of this option, check the "Video
           size" section in the ffmpeg-utils manual.  Default and minimum resolution is "640x480".

       meter
           Set the EBU scale meter. Default is 9. Common values are 9 and 18, respectively for EBU scale meter
           +9 and EBU scale meter +18. Any other integer value between this range is allowed.

       metadata
           Set metadata injection. If set to 1, the audio input will be segmented into 100ms output frames, each
           of them containing various loudness information in metadata.  All the metadata keys are prefixed with
           "lavfi.r128.".

           Default is 0.

       framelog
           Force the frame logging level.

           Available values are:

           info
               information logging level

           verbose
               verbose logging level

           By default, the logging level is set to info. If the video or the metadata options are set, it
           switches to verbose.

       peak
           Set peak mode(s).

           Available modes can be cumulated (the option is a "flag" type). Possible values are:

           none
               Disable any peak mode (default).

           sample
               Enable sample-peak mode.

               Simple peak mode looking for the higher sample value. It logs a message for sample-peak
               (identified by "SPK").

           true
               Enable true-peak mode.

               If enabled, the peak lookup is done on an over-sampled version of the input stream for better
               peak accuracy. It logs a message for true-peak.  (identified by "TPK") and true-peak per frame
               (identified by "FTPK").  This mode requires a build with "libswresample".

       dualmono
           Treat mono input files as "dual mono". If a mono file is intended for playback on a stereo system,
           its EBU R128 measurement will be perceptually incorrect.  If set to "true", this option will
           compensate for this effect.  Multi-channel input files are not affected by this option.

       panlaw
           Set a specific pan law to be used for the measurement of dual mono files.  This parameter is
           optional, and has a default value of -3.01dB.

       Examples

       •   Real-time graph using ffplay, with a EBU scale meter +18:

                   ffplay -f lavfi -i "amovie=input.mp3,ebur128=video=1:meter=18 [out0][out1]"

       •   Run an analysis with ffmpeg:

                   ffmpeg -nostats -i input.mp3 -filter_complex ebur128 -f null -

   interleave, ainterleave
       Temporally interleave frames from several inputs.

       "interleave" works with video inputs, "ainterleave" with audio.

       These filters read frames from several inputs and send the oldest queued frame to the output.

       Input streams must have well defined, monotonically increasing frame timestamp values.

       In order to submit one frame to output, these filters need to enqueue at least one frame for each input,
       so they cannot work in case one input is not yet terminated and will not receive incoming frames.

       For example consider the case when one input is a "select" filter which always drops input frames. The
       "interleave" filter will keep reading from that input, but it will never be able to send new frames to
       output until the input sends an end-of-stream signal.

       Also, depending on inputs synchronization, the filters will drop frames in case one input receives more
       frames than the other ones, and the queue is already filled.

       These filters accept the following options:

       nb_inputs, n
           Set the number of different inputs, it is 2 by default.

       Examples

       •   Interleave frames belonging to different streams using ffmpeg:

                   ffmpeg -i bambi.avi -i pr0n.mkv -filter_complex "[0:v][1:v] interleave" out.avi

       •   Add flickering blur effect:

                   select='if(gt(random(0), 0.2), 1, 2)':n=2 [tmp], boxblur=2:2, [tmp] interleave

   metadata, ametadata
       Manipulate frame metadata.

       This filter accepts the following options:

       mode
           Set mode of operation of the filter.

           Can be one of the following:

           select
               If both "value" and "key" is set, select frames which have such metadata. If only "key" is set,
               select every frame that has such key in metadata.

           add Add new metadata "key" and "value". If key is already available do nothing.

           modify
               Modify value of already present key.

           delete
               If "value" is set, delete only keys that have such value.  Otherwise, delete key. If "key" is not
               set, delete all metadata values in the frame.

           print
               Print key and its value if metadata was found. If "key" is not set print all metadata values
               available in frame.

       key Set key used with all modes. Must be set for all modes except "print" and "delete".

       value
           Set metadata value which will be used. This option is mandatory for "modify" and "add" mode.

       function
           Which function to use when comparing metadata value and "value".

           Can be one of following:

           same_str
               Values are interpreted as strings, returns true if metadata value is same as "value".

           starts_with
               Values are interpreted as strings, returns true if metadata value starts with the "value" option
               string.

           less
               Values are interpreted as floats, returns true if metadata value is less than "value".

           equal
               Values are interpreted as floats, returns true if "value" is equal with metadata value.

           greater
               Values are interpreted as floats, returns true if metadata value is greater than "value".

           expr
               Values are interpreted as floats, returns true if expression from option "expr" evaluates to
               true.

       expr
           Set expression which is used when "function" is set to "expr".  The expression is evaluated through
           the eval API and can contain the following constants:

           VALUE1
               Float representation of "value" from metadata key.

           VALUE2
               Float representation of "value" as supplied by user in "value" option.

       file
           If specified in "print" mode, output is written to the named file. Instead of plain filename any
           writable url can be specified. Filename ``-'' is a shorthand for standard output. If "file" option is
           not set, output is written to the log with AV_LOG_INFO loglevel.

       Examples

       •   Print all metadata values for frames with key "lavfi.singnalstats.YDIF" with values between 0 and 1.

                   signalstats,metadata=print:key=lavfi.signalstats.YDIF:value=0:function=expr:expr='between(VALUE1,0,1)'

       •   Print silencedetect output to file metadata.txt.

                   silencedetect,ametadata=mode=print:file=metadata.txt

       •   Direct all metadata to a pipe with file descriptor 4.

                   metadata=mode=print:file='pipe\:4'

   perms, aperms
       Set read/write permissions for the output frames.

       These filters are mainly aimed at developers to test direct path in the following filter in the
       filtergraph.

       The filters accept the following options:

       mode
           Select the permissions mode.

           It accepts the following values:

           none
               Do nothing. This is the default.

           ro  Set all the output frames read-only.

           rw  Set all the output frames directly writable.

           toggle
               Make the frame read-only if writable, and writable if read-only.

           random
               Set each output frame read-only or writable randomly.

       seed
           Set the seed for the random mode, must be an integer included between 0 and "UINT32_MAX". If not
           specified, or if explicitly set to "-1", the filter will try to use a good random seed on a best
           effort basis.

       Note: in case of auto-inserted filter between the permission filter and the following one, the permission
       might not be received as expected in that following filter. Inserting a format or aformat filter before
       the perms/aperms filter can avoid this problem.

   realtime, arealtime
       Slow down filtering to match real time approximately.

       These filters will pause the filtering for a variable amount of time to match the output rate with the
       input timestamps.  They are similar to the re option to "ffmpeg".

       They accept the following options:

       limit
           Time limit for the pauses. Any pause longer than that will be considered a timestamp discontinuity
           and reset the timer. Default is 2 seconds.

   select, aselect
       Select frames to pass in output.

       This filter accepts the following options:

       expr, e
           Set expression, which is evaluated for each input frame.

           If the expression is evaluated to zero, the frame is discarded.

           If the evaluation result is negative or NaN, the frame is sent to the first output; otherwise it is
           sent to the output with index "ceil(val)-1", assuming that the input index starts from 0.

           For example a value of 1.2 corresponds to the output with index "ceil(1.2)-1 = 2-1 = 1", that is the
           second output.

       outputs, n
           Set the number of outputs. The output to which to send the selected frame is based on the result of
           the evaluation. Default value is 1.

       The expression can contain the following constants:

       n   The (sequential) number of the filtered frame, starting from 0.

       selected_n
           The (sequential) number of the selected frame, starting from 0.

       prev_selected_n
           The sequential number of the last selected frame. It's NAN if undefined.

       TB  The timebase of the input timestamps.

       pts The PTS (Presentation TimeStamp) of the filtered video frame, expressed in TB units. It's NAN if
           undefined.

       t   The PTS of the filtered video frame, expressed in seconds. It's NAN if undefined.

       prev_pts
           The PTS of the previously filtered video frame. It's NAN if undefined.

       prev_selected_pts
           The PTS of the last previously filtered video frame. It's NAN if undefined.

       prev_selected_t
           The PTS of the last previously selected video frame. It's NAN if undefined.

       start_pts
           The PTS of the first video frame in the video. It's NAN if undefined.

       start_t
           The time of the first video frame in the video. It's NAN if undefined.

       pict_type (video only)
           The type of the filtered frame. It can assume one of the following values:

           I
           P
           B
           S
           SI
           SP
           BI
       interlace_type (video only)
           The frame interlace type. It can assume one of the following values:

           PROGRESSIVE
               The frame is progressive (not interlaced).

           TOPFIRST
               The frame is top-field-first.

           BOTTOMFIRST
               The frame is bottom-field-first.

       consumed_sample_n (audio only)
           the number of selected samples before the current frame

       samples_n (audio only)
           the number of samples in the current frame

       sample_rate (audio only)
           the input sample rate

       key This is 1 if the filtered frame is a key-frame, 0 otherwise.

       pos the position in the file of the filtered frame, -1 if the information is not available (e.g. for
           synthetic video)

       scene (video only)
           value between 0 and 1 to indicate a new scene; a low value reflects a low probability for the current
           frame to introduce a new scene, while a higher value means the current frame is more likely to be one
           (see the example below)

       concatdec_select
           The concat demuxer can select only part of a concat input file by setting an inpoint and an outpoint,
           but the output packets may not be entirely contained in the selected interval. By using this
           variable, it is possible to skip frames generated by the concat demuxer which are not exactly
           contained in the selected interval.

           This works by comparing the frame pts against the lavf.concat.start_time and the lavf.concat.duration
           packet metadata values which are also present in the decoded frames.

           The concatdec_select variable is -1 if the frame pts is at least start_time and either the duration
           metadata is missing or the frame pts is less than start_time + duration, 0 otherwise, and NaN if the
           start_time metadata is missing.

           That basically means that an input frame is selected if its pts is within the interval set by the
           concat demuxer.

       The default value of the select expression is "1".

       Examples

       •   Select all frames in input:

                   select

           The example above is the same as:

                   select=1

       •   Skip all frames:

                   select=0

       •   Select only I-frames:

                   select='eq(pict_type\,I)'

       •   Select one frame every 100:

                   select='not(mod(n\,100))'

       •   Select only frames contained in the 10-20 time interval:

                   select=between(t\,10\,20)

       •   Select only I-frames contained in the 10-20 time interval:

                   select=between(t\,10\,20)*eq(pict_type\,I)

       •   Select frames with a minimum distance of 10 seconds:

                   select='isnan(prev_selected_t)+gte(t-prev_selected_t\,10)'

       •   Use aselect to select only audio frames with samples number > 100:

                   aselect='gt(samples_n\,100)'

       •   Create a mosaic of the first scenes:

                   ffmpeg -i video.avi -vf select='gt(scene\,0.4)',scale=160:120,tile -frames:v 1 preview.png

           Comparing scene against a value between 0.3 and 0.5 is generally a sane choice.

       •   Send even and odd frames to separate outputs, and compose them:

                   select=n=2:e='mod(n, 2)+1' [odd][even]; [odd] pad=h=2*ih [tmp]; [tmp][even] overlay=y=h

       •   Select useful frames from an ffconcat file which is using inpoints and outpoints but where the source
           files are not intra frame only.

                   ffmpeg -copyts -vsync 0 -segment_time_metadata 1 -i input.ffconcat -vf select=concatdec_select -af aselect=concatdec_select output.avi

   sendcmd, asendcmd
       Send commands to filters in the filtergraph.

       These filters read commands to be sent to other filters in the filtergraph.

       "sendcmd" must be inserted between two video filters, "asendcmd" must be inserted between two audio
       filters, but apart from that they act the same way.

       The specification of commands can be provided in the filter arguments with the commands option, or in a
       file specified by the filename option.

       These filters accept the following options:

       commands, c
           Set the commands to be read and sent to the other filters.

       filename, f
           Set the filename of the commands to be read and sent to the other filters.

       Commands syntax

       A commands description consists of a sequence of interval specifications, comprising a list of commands
       to be executed when a particular event related to that interval occurs. The occurring event is typically
       the current frame time entering or leaving a given time interval.

       An interval is specified by the following syntax:

               <START>[-<END>] <COMMANDS>;

       The time interval is specified by the START and END times.  END is optional and defaults to the maximum
       time.

       The current frame time is considered within the specified interval if it is included in the interval
       [START, END), that is when the time is greater or equal to START and is lesser than END.

       COMMANDS consists of a sequence of one or more command specifications, separated by ",", relating to that
       interval.  The syntax of a command specification is given by:

               [<FLAGS>] <TARGET> <COMMAND> <ARG>

       FLAGS is optional and specifies the type of events relating to the time interval which enable sending the
       specified command, and must be a non-null sequence of identifier flags separated by "+" or "|" and
       enclosed between "[" and "]".

       The following flags are recognized:

       enter
           The command is sent when the current frame timestamp enters the specified interval. In other words,
           the command is sent when the previous frame timestamp was not in the given interval, and the current
           is.

       leave
           The command is sent when the current frame timestamp leaves the specified interval. In other words,
           the command is sent when the previous frame timestamp was in the given interval, and the current is
           not.

       If FLAGS is not specified, a default value of "[enter]" is assumed.

       TARGET specifies the target of the command, usually the name of the filter class or a specific filter
       instance name.

       COMMAND specifies the name of the command for the target filter.

       ARG is optional and specifies the optional list of argument for the given COMMAND.

       Between one interval specification and another, whitespaces, or sequences of characters starting with "#"
       until the end of line, are ignored and can be used to annotate comments.

       A simplified BNF description of the commands specification syntax follows:

               <COMMAND_FLAG>  ::= "enter" | "leave"
               <COMMAND_FLAGS> ::= <COMMAND_FLAG> [(+|"|")<COMMAND_FLAG>]
               <COMMAND>       ::= ["[" <COMMAND_FLAGS> "]"] <TARGET> <COMMAND> [<ARG>]
               <COMMANDS>      ::= <COMMAND> [,<COMMANDS>]
               <INTERVAL>      ::= <START>[-<END>] <COMMANDS>
               <INTERVALS>     ::= <INTERVAL>[;<INTERVALS>]

       Examples

       •   Specify audio tempo change at second 4:

                   asendcmd=c='4.0 atempo tempo 1.5',atempo

       •   Target a specific filter instance:

                   asendcmd=c='4.0 atempo@my tempo 1.5',atempo@my

       •   Specify a list of drawtext and hue commands in a file.

                   # show text in the interval 5-10
                   5.0-10.0 [enter] drawtext reinit 'fontfile=FreeSerif.ttf:text=hello world',
                            [leave] drawtext reinit 'fontfile=FreeSerif.ttf:text=';

                   # desaturate the image in the interval 15-20
                   15.0-20.0 [enter] hue s 0,
                             [enter] drawtext reinit 'fontfile=FreeSerif.ttf:text=nocolor',
                             [leave] hue s 1,
                             [leave] drawtext reinit 'fontfile=FreeSerif.ttf:text=color';

                   # apply an exponential saturation fade-out effect, starting from time 25
                   25 [enter] hue s exp(25-t)

           A filtergraph allowing to read and process the above command list stored in a file test.cmd, can be
           specified with:

                   sendcmd=f=test.cmd,drawtext=fontfile=FreeSerif.ttf:text='',hue

   setpts, asetpts
       Change the PTS (presentation timestamp) of the input frames.

       "setpts" works on video frames, "asetpts" on audio frames.

       This filter accepts the following options:

       expr
           The expression which is evaluated for each frame to construct its timestamp.

       The expression is evaluated through the eval API and can contain the following constants:

       FRAME_RATE
           frame rate, only defined for constant frame-rate video

       PTS The presentation timestamp in input

       N   The count of the input frame for video or the number of consumed samples, not including the current
           frame for audio, starting from 0.

       NB_CONSUMED_SAMPLES
           The number of consumed samples, not including the current frame (only audio)

       NB_SAMPLES, S
           The number of samples in the current frame (only audio)

       SAMPLE_RATE, SR
           The audio sample rate.

       STARTPTS
           The PTS of the first frame.

       STARTT
           the time in seconds of the first frame

       INTERLACED
           State whether the current frame is interlaced.

       T   the time in seconds of the current frame

       POS original position in the file of the frame, or undefined if undefined for the current frame

       PREV_INPTS
           The previous input PTS.

       PREV_INT
           previous input time in seconds

       PREV_OUTPTS
           The previous output PTS.

       PREV_OUTT
           previous output time in seconds

       RTCTIME
           The wallclock (RTC) time in microseconds. This is deprecated, use time(0) instead.

       RTCSTART
           The wallclock (RTC) time at the start of the movie in microseconds.

       TB  The timebase of the input timestamps.

       Examples

       •   Start counting PTS from zero

                   setpts=PTS-STARTPTS

       •   Apply fast motion effect:

                   setpts=0.5*PTS

       •   Apply slow motion effect:

                   setpts=2.0*PTS

       •   Set fixed rate of 25 frames per second:

                   setpts=N/(25*TB)

       •   Set fixed rate 25 fps with some jitter:

                   setpts='1/(25*TB) * (N + 0.05 * sin(N*2*PI/25))'

       •   Apply an offset of 10 seconds to the input PTS:

                   setpts=PTS+10/TB

       •   Generate timestamps from a "live source" and rebase onto the current timebase:

                   setpts='(RTCTIME - RTCSTART) / (TB * 1000000)'

       •   Generate timestamps by counting samples:

                   asetpts=N/SR/TB

   settb, asettb
       Set the timebase to use for the output frames timestamps.  It is mainly useful for testing timebase
       configuration.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       expr, tb
           The expression which is evaluated into the output timebase.

       The value for tb is an arithmetic expression representing a rational. The expression can contain the
       constants "AVTB" (the default timebase), "intb" (the input timebase) and "sr" (the sample rate, audio
       only). Default value is "intb".

       Examples

       •   Set the timebase to 1/25:

                   settb=expr=1/25

       •   Set the timebase to 1/10:

                   settb=expr=0.1

       •   Set the timebase to 1001/1000:

                   settb=1+0.001

       •   Set the timebase to 2*intb:

                   settb=2*intb

       •   Set the default timebase value:

                   settb=AVTB

   showcqt
       Convert input audio to a video output representing frequency spectrum logarithmically using Brown-
       Puckette constant Q transform algorithm with direct frequency domain coefficient calculation (but the
       transform itself is not really constant Q, instead the Q factor is actually variable/clamped), with
       musical tone scale, from E0 to D#10.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       size, s
           Specify the video size for the output. It must be even. For the syntax of this option, check the
           "Video size" section in the ffmpeg-utils manual.  Default value is "1920x1080".

       fps, rate, r
           Set the output frame rate. Default value is 25.

       bar_h
           Set the bargraph height. It must be even. Default value is "-1" which computes the bargraph height
           automatically.

       axis_h
           Set the axis height. It must be even. Default value is "-1" which computes the axis height
           automatically.

       sono_h
           Set the sonogram height. It must be even. Default value is "-1" which computes the sonogram height
           automatically.

       fullhd
           Set the fullhd resolution. This option is deprecated, use size, s instead. Default value is 1.

       sono_v, volume
           Specify the sonogram volume expression. It can contain variables:

           bar_v
               the bar_v evaluated expression

           frequency, freq, f
               the frequency where it is evaluated

           timeclamp, tc
               the value of timeclamp option

           and functions:

           a_weighting(f)
               A-weighting of equal loudness

           b_weighting(f)
               B-weighting of equal loudness

           c_weighting(f)
               C-weighting of equal loudness.

           Default value is 16.

       bar_v, volume2
           Specify the bargraph volume expression. It can contain variables:

           sono_v
               the sono_v evaluated expression

           frequency, freq, f
               the frequency where it is evaluated

           timeclamp, tc
               the value of timeclamp option

           and functions:

           a_weighting(f)
               A-weighting of equal loudness

           b_weighting(f)
               B-weighting of equal loudness

           c_weighting(f)
               C-weighting of equal loudness.

           Default value is "sono_v".

       sono_g, gamma
           Specify the sonogram gamma. Lower gamma makes the spectrum more contrast, higher gamma makes the
           spectrum having more range. Default value is 3.  Acceptable range is "[1, 7]".

       bar_g, gamma2
           Specify the bargraph gamma. Default value is 1. Acceptable range is "[1, 7]".

       bar_t
           Specify the bargraph transparency level. Lower value makes the bargraph sharper.  Default value is 1.
           Acceptable range is "[0, 1]".

       timeclamp, tc
           Specify the transform timeclamp. At low frequency, there is trade-off between accuracy in time domain
           and frequency domain. If timeclamp is lower, event in time domain is represented more accurately
           (such as fast bass drum), otherwise event in frequency domain is represented more accurately (such as
           bass guitar). Acceptable range is "[0.002, 1]". Default value is 0.17.

       attack
           Set attack time in seconds. The default is 0 (disabled). Otherwise, it limits future samples by
           applying asymmetric windowing in time domain, useful when low latency is required. Accepted range is
           "[0, 1]".

       basefreq
           Specify the transform base frequency. Default value is 20.01523126408007475, which is frequency 50
           cents below E0. Acceptable range is "[10, 100000]".

       endfreq
           Specify the transform end frequency. Default value is 20495.59681441799654, which is frequency 50
           cents above D#10. Acceptable range is "[10, 100000]".

       coeffclamp
           This option is deprecated and ignored.

       tlength
           Specify the transform length in time domain. Use this option to control accuracy trade-off between
           time domain and frequency domain at every frequency sample.  It can contain variables:

           frequency, freq, f
               the frequency where it is evaluated

           timeclamp, tc
               the value of timeclamp option.

           Default value is "384*tc/(384+tc*f)".

       count
           Specify the transform count for every video frame. Default value is 6.  Acceptable range is "[1,
           30]".

       fcount
           Specify the transform count for every single pixel. Default value is 0, which makes it computed
           automatically. Acceptable range is "[0, 10]".

       fontfile
           Specify font file for use with freetype to draw the axis. If not specified, use embedded font. Note
           that drawing with font file or embedded font is not implemented with custom basefreq and endfreq, use
           axisfile option instead.

       font
           Specify fontconfig pattern. This has lower priority than fontfile.  The : in the pattern may be
           replaced by | to avoid unnecessary escaping.

       fontcolor
           Specify font color expression. This is arithmetic expression that should return integer value
           0xRRGGBB. It can contain variables:

           frequency, freq, f
               the frequency where it is evaluated

           timeclamp, tc
               the value of timeclamp option

           and functions:

           midi(f)
               midi number of frequency f, some midi numbers: E0(16), C1(24), C2(36), A4(69)

           r(x), g(x), b(x)
               red, green, and blue value of intensity x.

           Default value is "st(0, (midi(f)-59.5)/12); st(1, if(between(ld(0),0,1), 0.5-0.5*cos(2*PI*ld(0)),
           0)); r(1-ld(1)) + b(ld(1))".

       axisfile
           Specify image file to draw the axis. This option override fontfile and fontcolor option.

       axis, text
           Enable/disable drawing text to the axis. If it is set to 0, drawing to the axis is disabled, ignoring
           fontfile and axisfile option.  Default value is 1.

       csp Set colorspace. The accepted values are:

           unspecified
               Unspecified (default)

           bt709
               BT.709

           fcc FCC

           bt470bg
               BT.470BG or BT.601-6 625

           smpte170m
               SMPTE-170M or BT.601-6 525

           smpte240m
               SMPTE-240M

           bt2020ncl
               BT.2020 with non-constant luminance

       cscheme
           Set spectrogram color scheme. This is list of floating point values with format
           "left_r|left_g|left_b|right_r|right_g|right_b".  The default is "1|0.5|0|0|0.5|1".

       Examples

       •   Playing audio while showing the spectrum:

                   ffplay -f lavfi 'amovie=a.mp3, asplit [a][out1]; [a] showcqt [out0]'

       •   Same as above, but with frame rate 30 fps:

                   ffplay -f lavfi 'amovie=a.mp3, asplit [a][out1]; [a] showcqt=fps=30:count=5 [out0]'

       •   Playing at 1280x720:

                   ffplay -f lavfi 'amovie=a.mp3, asplit [a][out1]; [a] showcqt=s=1280x720:count=4 [out0]'

       •   Disable sonogram display:

                   sono_h=0

       •   A1 and its harmonics: A1, A2, (near)E3, A3:

                   ffplay -f lavfi 'aevalsrc=0.1*sin(2*PI*55*t)+0.1*sin(4*PI*55*t)+0.1*sin(6*PI*55*t)+0.1*sin(8*PI*55*t),
                                    asplit[a][out1]; [a] showcqt [out0]'

       •   Same as above, but with more accuracy in frequency domain:

                   ffplay -f lavfi 'aevalsrc=0.1*sin(2*PI*55*t)+0.1*sin(4*PI*55*t)+0.1*sin(6*PI*55*t)+0.1*sin(8*PI*55*t),
                                    asplit[a][out1]; [a] showcqt=timeclamp=0.5 [out0]'

       •   Custom volume:

                   bar_v=10:sono_v=bar_v*a_weighting(f)

       •   Custom gamma, now spectrum is linear to the amplitude.

                   bar_g=2:sono_g=2

       •   Custom tlength equation:

                   tc=0.33:tlength='st(0,0.17); 384*tc / (384 / ld(0) + tc*f /(1-ld(0))) + 384*tc / (tc*f / ld(0) + 384 /(1-ld(0)))'

       •   Custom fontcolor and fontfile, C-note is colored green, others are colored blue:

                   fontcolor='if(mod(floor(midi(f)+0.5),12), 0x0000FF, g(1))':fontfile=myfont.ttf

       •   Custom font using fontconfig:

                   font='Courier New,Monospace,mono|bold'

       •   Custom frequency range with custom axis using image file:

                   axisfile=myaxis.png:basefreq=40:endfreq=10000

   showfreqs
       Convert input audio to video output representing the audio power spectrum.  Audio amplitude is on Y-axis
       while frequency is on X-axis.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       size, s
           Specify size of video. For the syntax of this option, check the "Video size" section in the ffmpeg-
           utils manual.  Default is "1024x512".

       mode
           Set display mode.  This set how each frequency bin will be represented.

           It accepts the following values:

           line
           bar
           dot

           Default is "bar".

       ascale
           Set amplitude scale.

           It accepts the following values:

           lin Linear scale.

           sqrt
               Square root scale.

           cbrt
               Cubic root scale.

           log Logarithmic scale.

           Default is "log".

       fscale
           Set frequency scale.

           It accepts the following values:

           lin Linear scale.

           log Logarithmic scale.

           rlog
               Reverse logarithmic scale.

           Default is "lin".

       win_size
           Set window size.

           It accepts the following values:

           w16
           w32
           w64
           w128
           w256
           w512
           w1024
           w2048
           w4096
           w8192
           w16384
           w32768
           w65536

           Default is "w2048"

       win_func
           Set windowing function.

           It accepts the following values:

           rect
           bartlett
           hanning
           hamming
           blackman
           welch
           flattop
           bharris
           bnuttall
           bhann
           sine
           nuttall
           lanczos
           gauss
           tukey
           dolph
           cauchy
           parzen
           poisson

           Default is "hanning".

       overlap
           Set window overlap. In range "[0, 1]". Default is 1, which means optimal overlap for selected window
           function will be picked.

       averaging
           Set time averaging. Setting this to 0 will display current maximal peaks.  Default is 1, which means
           time averaging is disabled.

       colors
           Specify list of colors separated by space or by '|' which will be used to draw channel frequencies.
           Unrecognized or missing colors will be replaced by white color.

       cmode
           Set channel display mode.

           It accepts the following values:

           combined
           separate

           Default is "combined".

       minamp
           Set minimum amplitude used in "log" amplitude scaler.

   showspectrum
       Convert input audio to a video output, representing the audio frequency spectrum.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       size, s
           Specify the video size for the output. For the syntax of this option, check the "Video size" section
           in the ffmpeg-utils manual.  Default value is "640x512".

       slide
           Specify how the spectrum should slide along the window.

           It accepts the following values:

           replace
               the samples start again on the left when they reach the right

           scroll
               the samples scroll from right to left

           fullframe
               frames are only produced when the samples reach the right

           rscroll
               the samples scroll from left to right

           Default value is "replace".

       mode
           Specify display mode.

           It accepts the following values:

           combined
               all channels are displayed in the same row

           separate
               all channels are displayed in separate rows

           Default value is combined.

       color
           Specify display color mode.

           It accepts the following values:

           channel
               each channel is displayed in a separate color

           intensity
               each channel is displayed using the same color scheme

           rainbow
               each channel is displayed using the rainbow color scheme

           moreland
               each channel is displayed using the moreland color scheme

           nebulae
               each channel is displayed using the nebulae color scheme

           fire
               each channel is displayed using the fire color scheme

           fiery
               each channel is displayed using the fiery color scheme

           fruit
               each channel is displayed using the fruit color scheme

           cool
               each channel is displayed using the cool color scheme

           Default value is channel.

       scale
           Specify scale used for calculating intensity color values.

           It accepts the following values:

           lin linear

           sqrt
               square root, default

           cbrt
               cubic root

           log logarithmic

           4thrt
               4th root

           5thrt
               5th root

           Default value is sqrt.

       saturation
           Set saturation modifier for displayed colors. Negative values provide alternative color scheme. 0 is
           no saturation at all.  Saturation must be in [-10.0, 10.0] range.  Default value is 1.

       win_func
           Set window function.

           It accepts the following values:

           rect
           bartlett
           hann
           hanning
           hamming
           blackman
           welch
           flattop
           bharris
           bnuttall
           bhann
           sine
           nuttall
           lanczos
           gauss
           tukey
           dolph
           cauchy
           parzen
           poisson

           Default value is "hann".

       orientation
           Set orientation of time vs frequency axis. Can be "vertical" or "horizontal". Default is "vertical".

       overlap
           Set ratio of overlap window. Default value is 0.  When value is 1 overlap is set to recommended size
           for specific window function currently used.

       gain
           Set scale gain for calculating intensity color values.  Default value is 1.

       data
           Set which data to display. Can be "magnitude", default or "phase".

       rotation
           Set color rotation, must be in [-1.0, 1.0] range.  Default value is 0.

       The usage is very similar to the showwaves filter; see the examples in that section.

       Examples

       •   Large window with logarithmic color scaling:

                   showspectrum=s=1280x480:scale=log

       •   Complete example for a colored and sliding spectrum per channel using ffplay:

                   ffplay -f lavfi 'amovie=input.mp3, asplit [a][out1];
                                [a] showspectrum=mode=separate:color=intensity:slide=1:scale=cbrt [out0]'

   showspectrumpic
       Convert input audio to a single video frame, representing the audio frequency spectrum.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       size, s
           Specify the video size for the output. For the syntax of this option, check the "Video size" section
           in the ffmpeg-utils manual.  Default value is "4096x2048".

       mode
           Specify display mode.

           It accepts the following values:

           combined
               all channels are displayed in the same row

           separate
               all channels are displayed in separate rows

           Default value is combined.

       color
           Specify display color mode.

           It accepts the following values:

           channel
               each channel is displayed in a separate color

           intensity
               each channel is displayed using the same color scheme

           rainbow
               each channel is displayed using the rainbow color scheme

           moreland
               each channel is displayed using the moreland color scheme

           nebulae
               each channel is displayed using the nebulae color scheme

           fire
               each channel is displayed using the fire color scheme

           fiery
               each channel is displayed using the fiery color scheme

           fruit
               each channel is displayed using the fruit color scheme

           cool
               each channel is displayed using the cool color scheme

           Default value is intensity.

       scale
           Specify scale used for calculating intensity color values.

           It accepts the following values:

           lin linear

           sqrt
               square root, default

           cbrt
               cubic root

           log logarithmic

           4thrt
               4th root

           5thrt
               5th root

           Default value is log.

       saturation
           Set saturation modifier for displayed colors. Negative values provide alternative color scheme. 0 is
           no saturation at all.  Saturation must be in [-10.0, 10.0] range.  Default value is 1.

       win_func
           Set window function.

           It accepts the following values:

           rect
           bartlett
           hann
           hanning
           hamming
           blackman
           welch
           flattop
           bharris
           bnuttall
           bhann
           sine
           nuttall
           lanczos
           gauss
           tukey
           dolph
           cauchy
           parzen
           poisson

           Default value is "hann".

       orientation
           Set orientation of time vs frequency axis. Can be "vertical" or "horizontal". Default is "vertical".

       gain
           Set scale gain for calculating intensity color values.  Default value is 1.

       legend
           Draw time and frequency axes and legends. Default is enabled.

       rotation
           Set color rotation, must be in [-1.0, 1.0] range.  Default value is 0.

       Examples

       •   Extract an audio spectrogram of a whole audio track in a 1024x1024 picture using ffmpeg:

                   ffmpeg -i audio.flac -lavfi showspectrumpic=s=1024x1024 spectrogram.png

   showvolume
       Convert input audio volume to a video output.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       rate, r
           Set video rate.

       b   Set border width, allowed range is [0, 5]. Default is 1.

       w   Set channel width, allowed range is [80, 8192]. Default is 400.

       h   Set channel height, allowed range is [1, 900]. Default is 20.

       f   Set fade, allowed range is [0.001, 1]. Default is 0.95.

       c   Set volume color expression.

           The expression can use the following variables:

           VOLUME
               Current max volume of channel in dB.

           PEAK
               Current peak.

           CHANNEL
               Current channel number, starting from 0.

       t   If set, displays channel names. Default is enabled.

       v   If set, displays volume values. Default is enabled.

       o   Set orientation, can be "horizontal" or "vertical", default is "horizontal".

       s   Set step size, allowed range s [0, 5]. Default is 0, which means step is disabled.

   showwaves
       Convert input audio to a video output, representing the samples waves.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       size, s
           Specify the video size for the output. For the syntax of this option, check the "Video size" section
           in the ffmpeg-utils manual.  Default value is "600x240".

       mode
           Set display mode.

           Available values are:

           point
               Draw a point for each sample.

           line
               Draw a vertical line for each sample.

           p2p Draw a point for each sample and a line between them.

           cline
               Draw a centered vertical line for each sample.

           Default value is "point".

       n   Set the number of samples which are printed on the same column. A larger value will decrease the
           frame rate. Must be a positive integer. This option can be set only if the value for rate is not
           explicitly specified.

       rate, r
           Set the (approximate) output frame rate. This is done by setting the option n. Default value is "25".

       split_channels
           Set if channels should be drawn separately or overlap. Default value is 0.

       colors
           Set colors separated by '|' which are going to be used for drawing of each channel.

       scale
           Set amplitude scale.

           Available values are:

           lin Linear.

           log Logarithmic.

           sqrt
               Square root.

           cbrt
               Cubic root.

           Default is linear.

       Examples

       •   Output the input file audio and the corresponding video representation at the same time:

                   amovie=a.mp3,asplit[out0],showwaves[out1]

       •   Create a synthetic signal and show it with showwaves, forcing a frame rate of 30 frames per second:

                   aevalsrc=sin(1*2*PI*t)*sin(880*2*PI*t):cos(2*PI*200*t),asplit[out0],showwaves=r=30[out1]

   showwavespic
       Convert input audio to a single video frame, representing the samples waves.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       size, s
           Specify the video size for the output. For the syntax of this option, check the "Video size" section
           in the ffmpeg-utils manual.  Default value is "600x240".

       split_channels
           Set if channels should be drawn separately or overlap. Default value is 0.

       colors
           Set colors separated by '|' which are going to be used for drawing of each channel.

       scale
           Set amplitude scale.

           Available values are:

           lin Linear.

           log Logarithmic.

           sqrt
               Square root.

           cbrt
               Cubic root.

           Default is linear.

       Examples

       •   Extract a channel split representation of the wave form of a whole audio track in a 1024x800 picture
           using ffmpeg:

                   ffmpeg -i audio.flac -lavfi showwavespic=split_channels=1:s=1024x800 waveform.png

   sidedata, asidedata
       Delete frame side data, or select frames based on it.

       This filter accepts the following options:

       mode
           Set mode of operation of the filter.

           Can be one of the following:

           select
               Select every frame with side data of "type".

           delete
               Delete side data of "type". If "type" is not set, delete all side data in the frame.

       type
           Set side data type used with all modes. Must be set for "select" mode. For the list of frame side
           data types, refer to the "AVFrameSideDataType" enum in libavutil/frame.h. For example, to choose
           "AV_FRAME_DATA_PANSCAN" side data, you must specify "PANSCAN".

   spectrumsynth
       Sythesize audio from 2 input video spectrums, first input stream represents magnitude across time and
       second represents phase across time.  The filter will transform from frequency domain as displayed in
       videos back to time domain as presented in audio output.

       This filter is primarily created for reversing processed showspectrum filter outputs, but can synthesize
       sound from other spectrograms too.  But in such case results are going to be poor if the phase data is
       not available, because in such cases phase data need to be recreated, usually its just recreated from
       random noise.  For best results use gray only output ("channel" color mode in showspectrum filter) and
       "log" scale for magnitude video and "lin" scale for phase video. To produce phase, for 2nd video, use
       "data" option. Inputs videos should generally use "fullframe" slide mode as that saves resources needed
       for decoding video.

       The filter accepts the following options:

       sample_rate
           Specify sample rate of output audio, the sample rate of audio from which spectrum was generated may
           differ.

       channels
           Set number of channels represented in input video spectrums.

       scale
           Set scale which was used when generating magnitude input spectrum.  Can be "lin" or "log". Default is
           "log".

       slide
           Set slide which was used when generating inputs spectrums.  Can be "replace", "scroll", "fullframe"
           or "rscroll".  Default is "fullframe".

       win_func
           Set window function used for resynthesis.

       overlap
           Set window overlap. In range "[0, 1]". Default is 1, which means optimal overlap for selected window
           function will be picked.

       orientation
           Set orientation of input videos. Can be "vertical" or "horizontal".  Default is "vertical".

       Examples

       •   First create magnitude and phase videos from audio, assuming audio is stereo with 44100 sample rate,
           then resynthesize videos back to audio with spectrumsynth:

                   ffmpeg -i input.flac -lavfi showspectrum=mode=separate:scale=log:overlap=0.875:color=channel:slide=fullframe:data=magnitude -an -c:v rawvideo magnitude.nut
                   ffmpeg -i input.flac -lavfi showspectrum=mode=separate:scale=lin:overlap=0.875:color=channel:slide=fullframe:data=phase -an -c:v rawvideo phase.nut
                   ffmpeg -i magnitude.nut -i phase.nut -lavfi spectrumsynth=channels=2:sample_rate=44100:win_func=hann:overlap=0.875:slide=fullframe output.flac

   split, asplit
       Split input into several identical outputs.

       "asplit" works with audio input, "split" with video.

       The filter accepts a single parameter which specifies the number of outputs. If unspecified, it defaults
       to 2.

       Examples

       •   Create two separate outputs from the same input:

                   [in] split [out0][out1]

       •   To create 3 or more outputs, you need to specify the number of outputs, like in:

                   [in] asplit=3 [out0][out1][out2]

       •   Create two separate outputs from the same input, one cropped and one padded:

                   [in] split [splitout1][splitout2];
                   [splitout1] crop=100:100:0:0    [cropout];
                   [splitout2] pad=200:200:100:100 [padout];

       •   Create 5 copies of the input audio with ffmpeg:

                   ffmpeg -i INPUT -filter_complex asplit=5 OUTPUT

   zmq, azmq
       Receive commands sent through a libzmq client, and forward them to filters in the filtergraph.

       "zmq" and "azmq" work as a pass-through filters. "zmq" must be inserted between two video filters, "azmq"
       between two audio filters.

       To enable these filters you need to install the libzmq library and headers and configure FFmpeg with
       "--enable-libzmq".

       For more information about libzmq see: <http://www.zeromq.org/>

       The "zmq" and "azmq" filters work as a libzmq server, which receives messages sent through a network
       interface defined by the bind_address option.

       The received message must be in the form:

               <TARGET> <COMMAND> [<ARG>]

       TARGET specifies the target of the command, usually the name of the filter class or a specific filter
       instance name.

       COMMAND specifies the name of the command for the target filter.

       ARG is optional and specifies the optional argument list for the given COMMAND.

       Upon reception, the message is processed and the corresponding command is injected into the filtergraph.
       Depending on the result, the filter will send a reply to the client, adopting the format:

               <ERROR_CODE> <ERROR_REASON>
               <MESSAGE>

       MESSAGE is optional.

       Examples

       Look at tools/zmqsend for an example of a zmq client which can be used to send commands processed by
       these filters.

       Consider the following filtergraph generated by ffplay

               ffplay -dumpgraph 1 -f lavfi "
               color=s=100x100:c=red  [l];
               color=s=100x100:c=blue [r];
               nullsrc=s=200x100, zmq [bg];
               [bg][l]   overlay      [bg+l];
               [bg+l][r] overlay=x=100 "

       To change the color of the left side of the video, the following command can be used:

               echo Parsed_color_0 c yellow | tools/zmqsend

       To change the right side:

               echo Parsed_color_1 c pink | tools/zmqsend

MULTIMEDIA SOURCES

       Below is a description of the currently available multimedia sources.

   amovie
       This is the same as movie source, except it selects an audio stream by default.

   movie
       Read audio and/or video stream(s) from a movie container.

       It accepts the following parameters:

       filename
           The name of the resource to read (not necessarily a file; it can also be a device or a stream
           accessed through some protocol).

       format_name, f
           Specifies the format assumed for the movie to read, and can be either the name of a container or an
           input device. If not specified, the format is guessed from movie_name or by probing.

       seek_point, sp
           Specifies the seek point in seconds. The frames will be output starting from this seek point. The
           parameter is evaluated with "av_strtod", so the numerical value may be suffixed by an IS postfix. The
           default value is "0".

       streams, s
           Specifies the streams to read. Several streams can be specified, separated by "+". The source will
           then have as many outputs, in the same order. The syntax is explained in the ``Stream specifiers''
           section in the ffmpeg manual. Two special names, "dv" and "da" specify respectively the default (best
           suited) video and audio stream. Default is "dv", or "da" if the filter is called as "amovie".

       stream_index, si
           Specifies the index of the video stream to read. If the value is -1, the most suitable video stream
           will be automatically selected. The default value is "-1". Deprecated. If the filter is called
           "amovie", it will select audio instead of video.

       loop
           Specifies how many times to read the stream in sequence.  If the value is 0, the stream will be
           looped infinitely.  Default value is "1".

           Note that when the movie is looped the source timestamps are not changed, so it will generate non
           monotonically increasing timestamps.

       discontinuity
           Specifies the time difference between frames above which the point is considered a timestamp
           discontinuity which is removed by adjusting the later timestamps.

       It allows overlaying a second video on top of the main input of a filtergraph, as shown in this graph:

               input -----------> deltapts0 --> overlay --> output
                                                   ^
                                                   |
               movie --> scale--> deltapts1 -------+

       Examples

       •   Skip 3.2 seconds from the start of the AVI file in.avi, and overlay it on top of the input labelled
           "in":

                   movie=in.avi:seek_point=3.2, scale=180:-1, setpts=PTS-STARTPTS [over];
                   [in] setpts=PTS-STARTPTS [main];
                   [main][over] overlay=16:16 [out]

       •   Read from a video4linux2 device, and overlay it on top of the input labelled "in":

                   movie=/dev/video0:f=video4linux2, scale=180:-1, setpts=PTS-STARTPTS [over];
                   [in] setpts=PTS-STARTPTS [main];
                   [main][over] overlay=16:16 [out]

       •   Read the first video stream and the audio stream with id 0x81 from dvd.vob; the video is connected to
           the pad named "video" and the audio is connected to the pad named "audio":

                   movie=dvd.vob:s=v:0+#0x81 [video] [audio]

       Commands

       Both movie and amovie support the following commands:

       seek
           Perform seek using "av_seek_frame".  The syntax is: seek stream_index|timestamp|flagsstream_index: If stream_index is -1, a default stream is selected, and timestamp is automatically
               converted from AV_TIME_BASE units to the stream specific time_base.

           •   timestamp: Timestamp in AVStream.time_base units or, if no stream is specified, in AV_TIME_BASE
               units.

           •   flags: Flags which select direction and seeking mode.

       get_duration
           Get movie duration in AV_TIME_BASE units.

SEE ALSO

       ffmpeg(1), ffplay(1), ffprobe(1), ffserver(1), libavfilter(3)

AUTHORS

       The FFmpeg developers.

       For details about the authorship, see the Git history of the project (git://source.ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg),
       e.g. by typing the command git log in the FFmpeg source directory, or browsing the online repository at
       <http://source.ffmpeg.org>.

       Maintainers for the specific components are listed in the file MAINTAINERS in the source code tree.

                                                                                               FFMPEG-FILTERS(1)