Provided by: mseed2sac_2.2+ds1-3_amd64 
NAME
mseed2sac - miniSEED to SAC converter
SYNOPSIS
mseed2sac [options] file1 [file2 file3 ...]
DESCRIPTION
mseed2sac converts miniSEED waveform data to SAC format. The output SAC file can be either ASCII or
binary (either byte-order), the default is binary with the same byte-order as the host computer. By
default all aspects of the input files are automatically detected.
If an input file name is prefixed with an '@' character the file is assumed to contain a list of input
data files, see INPUT LIST FILES below.
A separate output file is written for each continuous time-series in the input data. Output file names
are of the form:
"Net.Sta.Loc.Chan.Qual.YYYY,DDD,HHMMSS.SAC"
For example:
"TA.ELFS..LHZ.R.2006,123,153619.SAC"
Files that would have the same file name due to having the same start time will be kept separate by
adding a digit to file name. The -O argument changes this behavior to allow overwriting of existing file
names.
If the input file name is "-" input miniSEED records will be read from standard input.
The SAC header variable KHOLE is used synonymously with the SEED location code. Any location codes found
in the input miniSEED or metadata file are put into the KHOLE variable.
OPTIONS
-V Print program version and exit.
-h Print program usage and exit.
-H Print extended program usage with all options and exit.
-v Be more verbose. This flag can be used multiple times ("-v -v" or "-vv") for more verbosity.
-O Overwrite an existing files instead of generating new file names.
-k lat/lon
Specify station coordinates to put into the output SAC file(s). The argument format is
"Latitude/Longitude" e.g. "47.66/-122.31". Coordinates specified with this option override any
coordinates found in the metadata file.
-m metafile
Specify a file containing metadata such as coordinates, elevation, component orientation, scaling
factor, etc. For each time-series written any matching metadata will be added to the SAC header.
See METADATA FILES below.
-M metaline
Specify a "line" of metadata in the same format as expected for the METADATA FILES. This option
may be specified multiple times.
-msi Convert any component inclination values in a metadata file from SEED (dip) to SAC convention,
this is a simple matter of adding 90 degrees.
-E event
Specify event parameters to add to the SAC file in the following format:
"Time[/Lat][/Lon][/Depth][/Name]"
For example:
"2006,123,15:27:08.7/-20.33/-174.03/65.5/Tonga"
The parameters later in the string are optional.
-l selectfile
Limit to miniSEED records that match a selection in the specified file. The selection file
contains parameters to match the network, station, location, channel, quality and time range for
input records. This option only trims data to SEED record granularity, not sample granularity.
For more details see the SELECTION FILE section below.
-f format
The default output format is binary SAC with the same byte order as the host computer. This
option forces the format for every output file:
1 : Alphanumeric SAC format
2 : Binary SAC format, host byte order (default)
3 : Binary SAC format, little-endian
4 : Binary SAC format, big-endian
-N netcode
Specify the network code to use, overriding any network code in the input miniSEED.
-S station
Specify the station code to use, overriding any station code in the input miniSEED.
-L location
Specify the location code to use, overriding any location code in the input miniSEED.
-C channel
Specify the channel code to use, overriding any channel code in the input miniSEED.
-r bytes
Specify the miniSEED record length in bytes, by default this is autodetected.
-i Process each input file individually. By default all input files are read and all data is
buffered in memory before SAC files are written. This allows time-series spanning mutilple input
files to be merged and written in a single SAC file. The intention is to use this option when
processing large amounts of data in order to keep memory usage within reasonable limits.
-ic Process each input channel individually. Similar to the -i option, except this instructs the
program to create write SAC files for each channel (determined when the input channel changes).
Data should be well ordered by channel for best results. This option can be used to reduce memory
usage for very large input files containing many channels.
-dr Use the sampling rate derived from the start and end times and the number of samples instead of
the rate specified in the input data. This is useful when the sample rate in the input data does
not have enough resolution to represent the true rate.
-z zipfile
Create a ZIP archive containing all SAC files instead of writing individual files. Each file is
compressed with the deflate method. Specify "-" (dash) to write ZIP archive to stdout.
-z0 zipfile
Same as "-z" except do not compress the SAC files. Specify "-" (dash) to write ZIP archive to
stdout.
METADATA FILES
A metadata file contains a list of station parameters, some of which can be stored in SAC but not in
miniSEED. Each line in a metadata file should be a list of parameters in the order shown below. Each
parameter should be separated with a comma or a vertical bar (|). DIP CONVENTION: When comma separators
are used the dip field (CMPINC) is assumed to be in the SAC convention (degrees down from vertical
up/outward), if vertical bars are used the dip field is assumed to be in the SEED convention (degrees
down from horizontal) and converted to SAC convention.
Metdata fields:
Network (KNETWK)
Station (KSTNM)
Location (KHOLE)
Channel (KCMPNM)
Latitude (STLA)
Longitude (STLO)
Elevation (STEL), in meters [not currently used by SAC]
Depth (STDP), in meters [not currently used by SAC]
Component Azimuth (CMPAZ), degrees clockwise from north
Component Incident Angle (CMPINC), degrees from vertical
Instrument Name (KINST), up to 8 characters
Scale Factor (SCALE)
Scale Frequency, unused
Scale Units, unused
Sampling rate, unused
Start time, used for matching
End time, used for matching
Example with comma separators (with SAC convention dip):
------------------
#net,sta,loc,chan,lat,lon,elev,depth,azimuth,SACdip,instrument,scale,scalefreq,scaleunits,samplerate,start,end
IU,ANMO,00,BH1,34.945981,-106.457133,1671,145,328,90,Geotech KS-54000,3456610000,0.02,M/S,20,2008-06-30T20:00:00,2599-12-31T23:59:59
IU,ANMO,00,BH2,34.945981,-106.457133,1671,145,58,90,Geotech KS-54000,3344370000,0.02,M/S,20,2008-06-30T20:00:00,2599-12-31T23:59:59
IU,ANMO,00,BHZ,34.945981,-106.457133,1671,145,0,0,Geotech KS-54000,3275080000,0.02,M/S,20,2008-06-30T20:00:00,2599-12-31T23:59:59
IU,ANMO,10,BH1,34.945913,-106.457122,1767.2,48.8,64,90,Guralp CMG3-T,32805600000,0.02,M/S,40,2008-06-30T20:00:00,2599-12-31T23:59:59
IU,ANMO,10,BH2,34.945913,-106.457122,1767.2,48.8,154,90,Guralp CMG3-T,32655000000,0.02,M/S,40,2008-06-30T20:00:00,2599-12-31T23:59:59
IU,ANMO,10,BHZ,34.945913,-106.457122,1767.2,48.8,0,0,Guralp CMG3-T,33067200000,0.02,M/S,40,2008-06-30T20:00:00,2599-12-31T23:59:59
------------------
Example with vertical bar separators (with SEED convention dip):
------------------
#net|sta|loc|chan|lat|lon|elev|depth|azimuth|SEEDdip|instrument|scale|scalefreq|scaleunits|samplerate|start|end
IU|ANMO|00|BH1|34.945981|-106.457133|1671|145|328|0|Geotech KS-54000|3456610000|0.02|M/S|20|2008-06-30T20:00:00|2599-12-31T23:59:59
IU|ANMO|00|BH2|34.945981|-106.457133|1671|145|58|0|Geotech KS-54000|3344370000|0.02|M/S|20|2008-06-30T20:00:00|2599-12-31T23:59:59
IU|ANMO|00|BHZ|34.945981|-106.457133|1671|145|0|-90|Geotech KS-54000|3275080000|0.02|M/S|20|2008-06-30T20:00:00|2599-12-31T23:59:59
------------------
As a special case '--' can be used to match an empty location code.
For each time-series written, metadata from the first line with matching source name parameters (network,
station, location and channel) and time window (if specified) will be inserted into the SAC header. All
parameters are optional except for the first four fields specifying the source name parameters.
Simple wildcarding: for the source name parameters that will be matched a '*' character in a field will
match anything. The BHZ metadata lines above, for example, can be (almost) summarized as:
IU,ANMO,*,BHZ,34.9459,-106.4571,1671,145,0,0,Geotech KS-54000,3456610000,0.02,M/S,20,2008-06-30T20:00:00,2599-12-31T23:59:59
SELECTION FILE
A selection file is used to match input data records based on network, station, location and channel
information. Optionally a quality and time range may also be specified for more refined selection. The
non-time fields may use the '*' wildcard to match multiple characters and the '?' wildcard to match
single characters. Character sets may also be used, for example '[ENZ]' will match either E, N or Z.
The '#' character indicates the remaining portion of the line will be ignored.
Example selection file entires (the first four fields are required)
#net sta loc chan qual start end
IU ANMO * BH?
II * * * Q
IU COLA 00 LH[ENZ] R
IU COLA 00 LHZ * 2008,100,10,00,00 2008,100,10,30,00
INPUT LIST FILES
If an input file is prefixed with an '@' character the file is assumed to contain a list of file for
input. Multiple list files can be combined with multiple input files on the command line. The last,
space separated field on each line is assumed to be the file name to be read.
An example of a simple text list:
TA.ELFS..LHE.R.mseed
TA.ELFS..LHN.R.mseed
TA.ELFS..LHZ.R.mseed
ABOUT SAC
Seismic Analysis Code (SAC) is a general purpose interactive program designed for the study of sequential
signals, especially timeseries data. Originally developed at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
the SAC software package is also available from IRIS.
AUTHOR
Chad Trabant
IRIS Data Management Center
2017/09/29 MSEED2SAC(1)